2021届甘肃省白银市会宁县第四高三上学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版）

会宁2020-2021学年度第一学期高三级第一次月考英语试卷第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)AVisitingWashington,D.C.isnotawasteofyourtimeandmoney.TherearemanydestinationsinSmithsonianInstitutionItistheimageof19thsandstonecalledCastle.Thisisaninstitutionthathasgotmorethanninemuseums.Aone-daytourisnotenoughtocoveritall.ThebestplacestovisitareAirandSpaceMuseumandMuseumofJeffersonMemorialThisplacehousesthe19-footstatueofAmerica’sthirdpresident.Inaddition,therearesomewritingsinthewalllikeDeclarationofIndependenceandsomeJefferson’swritings.MichelRichardCitronelleThisfamouschefgotarestaurantattheheartofWashington,MandarinOrientalThisisatasteofAsiainthedistrict.Thehotelamenities(设施)areworldclasswithpoolandspas.Therestaurantshowsthecity’sviewonaflatscreenTVandtheroomshaveInternetaccess.TheWhitehouseItshouldnotbemissed.Itisoneofthemostsignificantbuildingsinthecity.Itsarchitectureisgrandandsuitsthecity’slandscape.Thereareguidedtoursthatyoucanjoinin.TwinsJazzIfyouwanttoenjoyjazzmusic,thisistheplacetobe.Youcanheargrassrootsmusiciansplay.Thefoodisalsogood.1.WhatcanyouvisitinSmithsonianInstitution?A.Castles. B.Museums C.Statues D.Restaurants2.WhatcanyoudoinMichelRichardCitronelle?A.TasteAsianfood. B.Cookdeliciousdishes.C.Enjoygoodfoodandservice. D.SwimandenjoyfreeWifi.3.Whichofthefollowingisyourbestchoiceasamusiclover?A.JeffersonMemorial B.MandarinOriental C.TheWhiteHouse. D.TwinsJazz【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国华盛顿的六个经典旅游地。【1题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Thisisaninstitutionthathasgotmorethanninemuseums.Aone-daytourisnotenoughtocoveritall.ThebestplacestovisitareAirandSpaceMuseumandMuseumofNaturalHistory.”（这是一个拥有9个以上博物馆的机构。一日游不足以涵盖一切。最好参观的地方是航空航天博物馆和自然历史博物馆。）可知在SmithsonianInstitution你能参观博物馆。故选【2题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的“Heprepareswonderfuldishestodignitarieswhofrequentthisplace.Itisnotonlyaboutattractivemenu,buttheserviceisprofessional.Themulti-courseisacpaniedwithwine.”（他为经常光顾这里的贵宾们准备了美味的菜肴。它不仅是关于吸引人的菜单，而且服务是专业的。）可知在MichelRichardCitronelle你能享受美食和服务。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Ifyouwanttoenjoyjazzmusic,thisistheplacetobe.”（如果你想欣赏爵士乐，这是个好地方。）可知TwinsJazz是你作为音乐爱好者的最佳选择。故选D项。BArobotcreatedbyWashingtonStateUniversity(WSU)scientistscouldhelpelderlypeoplewithdementiaandotherlimitationsliveindependentlyintheirownhomes.TheRobotActivitySupportSystem,orRAS,usessensors(传感器)equippedinaWSUsmarthometodeterminewhereitsresidentsare,whattheyaredoingandwhentheyneedassistancewithdailyactivities.Itnavigates(定位)throughroomsandaroundobstaclestofindpeopleonitsown,providesvideoinstructiononhowtodosimpletasksandcanevenleaditsownerstoobjectsliketheirmedicationorasnackinthekitchen.“RASbinestheconvenienceofamobilerobotwiththeactivitydetectiontechnologyofaWSUsmarthometoprovideassistanceinthemoment,astheneedforhelpisdetected,”saidBryanMinor,apostdoctoralresearcherintheWSUSchoolofElectricalEngineeringandputerScience.Currently,about50percentadultsovertheageof85needassistancewitheverydayactivitiessuchaspreparingmealsandtakingmedicationandtheannualcostforthisassistanceintheUSisnearby$2trillion.Withthenumberofadultsover85expectedtotripleby2050,researchershopethattechnologieslikeRASandtheWSUsmarthomewillrelievesomeofthefinancialpressureonthehealthcaresystembymakingiteasierforolderadultstolivealone.RASisthefirstrobotresearchershavetriedtoapplytotheirsmarthomeenvironment.TheyrecentlypublishedastudyinthejournalCognitiveSystemsResearchthatshownhowRAScouldmakelifeeasierforolderadultsstrugglingtoliveindependently.“Whilewearestillinanearlystageofdevelopment,ourinitialresultswithRAShavebeenpromising,”Minorsaid.“ThenextstepintheresearchwillbetotestRAS’sperformancewithagroupofolderadultstogetabetterdataofwhatvideoremindersandotherperformancestheyhaveregardingtherobot.”4.WhatplaysakeyroleinRASservingtheelderly?A.Sensors B.Videos. C.Signallights D.Headsize5.WhatcanwelearnaboutRAS?A.Itisthefirstrobotusedindailylife. B.Itsfunctionremainstobetested.C.Itcanlocatepeopleanddoanytask. D.Itcancookforownersonitsown.6.What’sMinor’sattitudetowardthefutureofRAS?A.Doubtful B.Negative C.Optimistic D.Uncertain7.Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ElderlyPeopleLeavetheNursingHome.B.SmartHomeTestsFirstElderCareRobotC.RAS,theFirstRobottoMakeHomeSmart.D.OlderAdultsHaveBenefitedfromRASaLot.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.B【解析】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了华盛顿州立大学(WSU)的科学家们发明了一种机器人RAS，可以帮助独居老年人在家中更轻松地生活。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“TheRobotActivitySupportSystem,orRAS,usessensors(传感器)equippedinaWSUsmarthometodeterminewhereitsresidentsare,whattheyaredoingandwhentheyneedassistancewithdailyactivities.（机器人活动支持系统，或RAS，使用装备在WSU智能家居的来确定老年人在哪里，在做什么，以及在日常活动中什么时候需要帮助。）”可知，RAS为老年人服务起主要作用的是传感器。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。第六段中Minor说到“Whilewearestillinanearlystageofdevelopment,…ThenextstepintheresearchwillbetotestRAS’sperformancewithagroupofolderadultstogetabetterdataofwhatvideoremindersandotherperformancestheyhaveregardingtherobot.（我们仍然处于开发的早期阶段时，……研究的下一步将是在一组老年人中测试RAS的性能，以获得关于机器人的视频提醒和其他性能的更好数据。）”，由此可以推断，RAS的功能有待进一步测试。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段中Minor所说的话“Whilewearestillinanearlystageofdevelopment,ourinitialresultswithRAShavebeenpromising（当我们仍然处于开发的早期阶段时，但是初步研究成果是有希望的）”可知，Minor对RAS的未来是持乐观态度的。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段是全文的主题段，“ArobotcreatedbyWashingtonStateUniversity(WSU)scientistscouldhelpelderlypeoplewithdementiaandotherlimitationsliveindependentlyintheirownhomes.（华盛顿州立大学(WSU)的科学家们发明了一种机器人，可以帮助患有痴呆症和其他疾病的老年人在自己的家中独立生活。）”，下文说明RAS的功能以及如何对老年人提供帮助。目前WSU对RAS的研究还处于早期阶段。因此文章的标题应为“智能家居测试第一台老年护理机器人”。故选B项。CAroundfouryearsago,Ireceivedacallfromtheprincipalofourschoolastothe“ParentsView”talkthenextmorning.Heaskedmetospeaktothegroup.Afterthecall,mywholebodybecamefeverishandpanicky.Thetimefromhiscalltothenextmorningseemedlikeyears.Thewholenight,Icouldnotsleepwithmanyominousapprehensionsinmind.OneofthemwastocalltheprincipalwithregretandtellhimthatIcouldnote.Finally,Igatheredsomecourage.Ithought,“IfImissthisopportunity,surelytheschoolwillneverinvitemeagaintoanyoftheirprograms.”Ireachedtheschoolintime.Beforemyturncame,mywholebodywastrembling.WhenmyturncameandIstartedspeaking,myheartbeatincreasedandmymouthwentdry.Iwasn’tevenabletoreadthewrittenspeechproperly.IwasnotawareofwhereIwasstandingandwhatIwasreading.ThatwasthedaywhenIrealizedmybiggestweakness,PublicSpeaking.Aftermyspeech,Imetwiththeprincipalandexplainedwhathappenedtome.Hetoldmethatthishappenstoeveryone.Evengreatspeakersfacedthesamethingswhentheystarted.HesuggestedthatIeagainnexttime.Aroundonemonthlater,IwasinvitedtorefertoatopiconMotivation.ThistimeIwasfeelingfortable.Myspeechwasnotonlyappreciatedbytheprincipalaswellastheteachers,becauseIwasabletogetmyideaacrosstothem.Theyencouragedandpraisedmyefforts.Afterdeliveringsuccessfully,Ibecamemoreconfident.Isaidtomyself,“IfIcanspeakinfrontofsuchalearnedaudience,liketheprincipalwhoeducatesothers,Icannowspeakinfrontofotherstoo.”Istarteddeliveringlecturesinmyplan,onvarioustopicslikeSelfMotivation,PersonalityDevelopment,PersonalExcellence,SpokenEnglishandPresentationSkills.Thishasbeeapassionforme.Ilearnedthateverythingispossibleifwehavethecouragetotakethefirststep.8.Whydidtheauthorhavebadfeelingsbeforethespeech?A.hefearedhecouldn'tperformitproperly.B.hehadgotahighfeverbeforethat.C.heregrettedacceptingtheinvitation.D.hedislikedtheideaofgivingalecture.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“ominousapprehensions”inthefirstparagraphmean?AUnluckyopportunities. B.Curiousviews.C.Negativeideas. D.Happyments.10.Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?A.Necessityisthemotherofinvention.B.Nothingistobegotwithoutpainsbutpoverty.C.Knowledgemakeshumble,ignorancemakesproud.D.Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.PublicSpeakingMakesaManEmbarrassed.B.PrincipalProvidestheBestChances.C.PracticeMakesaManaBetterSpeechmaker.D.SpokenEnglishDevelopsinSpeeches.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在做了两次演讲后，变得更有信心了，并到处演讲，因此练习能使一个人成为更好的演讲者。【8题详解】考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Afterthecall,mywholebodybecamefeverishandpanicky.”以及“Finally,Igatheredsomecourage.”可知作者害怕自己会表现不好，故A项符合题意。【9题详解】考查词义猜测。根据文章第一段“Thewholenight,Icouldnotsleepwithmanyominousapprehensionsinmind.”可知由于作者害怕讲不好而无法入睡，因此想的都是消极的想法，故C项符合题意。【10题详解】考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段“Ilearnedthateverythingispossibleifwehavethecouragetotakethefirststep.”可知作者明白了只要勇敢地迈出第一步，一切都会有可能，故D项符合题意。【11题详解】考查主旨大意。根据文章最后一段“Istarteddeliveringlecturesinmyplant,onvarioustopicslike…”可知，作者在做了两次演讲后，变得更有信心了，并到处演讲，因此练习能使一个人成为更好的演讲者，故C项符合题意。DLonelinesshasbeenlinkedtodepression(抑郁)andotherhealthproblems.Now,astudysaysitcanalsospread.Afriendofalonelypersonwasfifty-twopercentmorelikelytodevelopfeelingsofloneliness.Andafriendofthatfriendwastwenty-fivepercentmorelikelytodothesame.Earlierfindingsshowedthathappiness,obesity(肥胖)andtheabilitytostopsmokingcanalsospreadlikeinfectionswithinsocialgroups.ThefindingsallefromamajorhealthstudyintheAmericantownofFramingham,Massachusetts.Thestudybeganin1948toinvestigatethecausesofheartdisease.Sincethen,moretestshavebeenadded,includingmeasuresoflonelinessanddepression.ThenewfindingsinvolvedmorethanfivethousandpeopleinthesecondgenerationoftheFraminghamHeartStudy.Theresearchersexaminedfriendshiphistoriesandreportsofloneliness.Theresultsestablishedapatternthatspreadaspeoplereportedfewerclosefriends.Forexample,lonelinesscanaffectrelationshipsbetweennext-doorneighbors.Thelonelinessspreadsasneighborswhowereclosefriendsnowspendlesstimetogether.Thestudyalsofoundthatlonelinessspreadsmoreeasilyamongwomenthanmen.Theaveragepersonissaidtoexperiencefeelingsoflonelinessaboutforty-eightdaysayearThestudyfoundthathavingalonelyfriendcanaddaboutseventeendays.Buteveryadditionalfriendcandecreaselonelinessbytwoandahalfdays.Lonelypeoplebeelessandlesstrustingofothers.Thismakesitmoreandmoredifficultforthemtomakefriends—andmorelikelythatsocietywillreject(排斥)them.JohnCacioppoattheUniversityofChicagoledthestudy.Hesaysitisimportanttorecognizeanddealwithloneliness.Hesayspeoplewhohavebeenpushedtotheedgesofsocietyshouldreceivehelptorepairtheirsocialnetworks.12.Asanaverageperson,ifyoumake2moremonfriends,howmanydaysayearmightyousufferfromloneliness?A.48days B.43days C.65days D.17days13.Whatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutlonelypeople?A.TheycanoverelonelinessthemselvesB.Theywilldecreaselonelinessdaybyday.C.TheyneedhelptogetbacktonormalsociallifeD.Theycanhelpotherstorepairtheirsocialnetworks14.What'sthebestwaytohelplonelypeopleaccordingtothispassage?A.Bringthemtogether. B.Makefriendswiththem.C.Helpthemstopsmoking. D.Helpthemloseweight15.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethetopicofthepassage?A.Lonelinessandsocialnetwork B.SocialNetworksandfriendshipC.Lonelinessanddiet. D.HelpALonelyPerson【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。孤独影响朋友、邻里等社会关系，一项调查研究的数据说明孤独和朋友之间的关系：越孤独就越有可能被社会排斥，多交朋友可以减少孤独。【12题详解】计算题。由倒数第三段第一句可知一个普通人一年有48天会感到孤独，第三句内容可知增加两位普通朋友可让一个人孤独的时间减少5天，所以答案是B。【13题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段最后一句可知，孤独的人需要帮助，且倒数第三段最后一句指出，多交朋友可以减少人们的孤独，故孤独的人更需要友情，因此可推知答案为C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。由倒数第三段最后一句"Buteveryadditionalfriendcandecreaselonelinessbytwoandahalfdays．每增加一个朋友可减少孤独两天半"推断多交朋友会减少孤独；倒数第二段最后一句也可推知帮助孤独者最好的方法是与他们交朋友。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。第一段点明了本文的主题：孤独影响朋友、邻里等社会关系，并且文章利用一项调查研究的数据说明孤独和朋友之间的关系：越孤独就越有可能被社会排斥，多交朋友可以减少孤独。故选A。【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。本文是一篇调查研究，通常第一段就点名明了主题。本题第4小题，第一段点明了本文的主题：孤独影响朋友、邻里等社会关系，并且文章利用一项调查研究的数据说明孤独和朋友之间的关系：越孤独就越有可能被社会排斥，多交朋友可以减少孤独。故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)AFewTipsforSelf-AcceptanceWeallwantit…toacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.___16___Here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.●___17___Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.●Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofourshortings,ourmistakesandourfailures.___18___Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfapassionate(有同情心)response?＂Thatdidn’tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest.＂●Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouracplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.___19___●Nowthatyou’velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.___20___Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?A.Feelingupsetagain?B.Wheredoyoustart?C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.E.Setanintentionforself-acceptance.F.Stopparingyourselfwithothers.G.Whendoestheparisongamestart?【答案】16.B17.F18.D19.C20.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。【16题详解】根据题目AFewTipsforSelf-acceptance(自我接纳的几点建议)及下文的Here'sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B.Wheredoyoustart?(从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境，故选B项。【17题详解】根据下文Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyoneinthisworld.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F.Stopparingyourselfwithothers.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。【18题详解】根据本文的中心句Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.(原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.(你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的。选项D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好，故选D项。【19题详解】根据上文Listallofyouracplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天你拜托了困境。)可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选C项。【20题详解】结合上文Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon'tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话。)和下文的Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?(翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可推知本句是在说明“再次感到心烦意乱”的情况。选项A.Feelingupsetagain?(再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)AboutsixyearsagoIwasgoingthroughatoughtime，tryingtoworktwojobstoaffordmyrent．OnacoldSundaymorning,IwenttoGameStop-avideogameretailer（零售商）to___21___thegameI'dreserved．AwomaninacarparkedoutsidecalledmewhenI____22____thestore．Thoughitwasinbroaddaylight，Iwas___23___aboutitandkeptsomedistancewhenIwalkedover．Shesaidshecouldn'twalkand___24___metopurchaseaKinect，apopulargame，forherasher___25___Christmasgift．Duetoherlegdiseaseitwas___26___forhertomovearound.Shecalledaheadbuttheemployeewasn'twillingto___27___．Shegavemeabout＄100incashANDhercreditcard．IwalkedbackinandboughttheKinect．Thenitoccurredtomethatthiswoman，apletestranger，___28___me．Whatwasitthatstoppedmefromlyingaboutthepaymentmethodandjust___29___hercash？Shecouldn'tknowIwasn'ta____30____；andhowcouldshepossiblyhavesomuch___31___someone？Ihandedherthecashback，___32___hadtopaywithhercard-itwasabove＄100atthetime，andhandedoverthe___33___andhercreditcard．"Thisiswhatmyson'sbeenlongingfor．Thankyou!Bytheway，justfrom___34___atyou，Iknowyouaretheonewho’llbeafriendtosomeone___35___．Youhaveafaceofanangel!"Shesaid．Shegaveme＄10and___36___totakeitback．Thenshe___37___，saying"MerryChristmas!"Shehadnoideahowmuchofa___38___even＄10made．Iwasabletobuyafewcheapgroceriesfortheweekanditreallymadea___39___timeinmylifealittlebetter．ShemaythinkIhelpedher；___40___，Itrulyfeelliketheonewhowasbeinggiftedsomethingamazing．21.A.donate B.cancel C.win D.return22.A.kept B.approached C.decorated D.exited23.A.shy B.crazy C.disappointed D.positive24.A.forbade B.encouraged C.requested D.allowed25.A.own B.employer's C.husband's D.son's26.A.painful B.convenient C.funny D.secure27.A.order B.share C.help D.pay28.A.fooled B.trusted C.inspired D.annoyed29.A.throwing B.tearing C.pocketing D.losing30.A.videomaker B.porter C.gameseller D.cheat31.A.patiencewith B.faithin C.respectfor D.mercyon32.A.arguing B.lying C.promising D.explaining33.A.game B.check C.ticket D.change34A.laughing B.glancing C.yelling D.pointing35.A.inneed B.inpublic C.inreturn D.indanger36.A.offered B.managed C.refused D.decided37.A.cameover B.droveaway C.felldown D.pulledup38.A.difference B.living C.bargain D.profit39.A.happy B.carefree C.confusing D.hard40.A.finally B.therefore C.however D.otherwise【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.D26.A27.C28.B29.C30.D31.B32.D33.A34.B35.A36.C37.B38.A39.D40.C【解析】本文为记叙文；文章介绍了作者曾经因为生活艰难，去取消早先预定的游戏；在离开商店时，汽车里一个妇女因为腿部疾病不能四处走动，她把钱和卡递给作者，请他帮忙买游戏；这名妇人对作者的信任让他很惊讶；但是这名妇女告诉作者，他是那种让人看了就知道会帮助人的人，并且给了作者10美元作为酬谢；也许这名妇人认为作者给予了她帮助，但是作者认为他才是那个得到帮助的人。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个寒冷星期天早上,我去了GameStop-a视频游戏零售商(零售商)去取消我预定的游戏。A.donate捐赠；B.cancel取消；C.win赢得；D.return归还；根据Iwasgoingthroughatoughtime可知，作者生活艰难，于是取消过去的reserve(预定），故答案是B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我走出商店时，停在外面的一辆车里的一个女人叫住我。A.kept保持；B.approached靠近，临近；C.decorated装饰；D.exited离开；退出；由第二段中的Iwalkedbackin推断作者已经从店里出来，故答案是D。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然是在光天化日之下，但我还是很有所顾虑，走过去的时候还是保持着一定的距离。A.shy害羞的；不情愿的；有所顾忌的；B.crazy着迷的；C.disappointed失望的；D.positive积极的；由下文keptsomedistance保持一段距离推断作者有所顾忌的，故答案是A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说她不能走路，请求我给她买一个很受欢迎的游戏Kinect，作为她的儿子圣诞礼物。A.forbade禁止；B.encouraged鼓励；C.requested请求；D.allowed容许；根据topurchaseaKinect可知，这个女人请求作者帮忙，故答案是C.【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.own自己的；B.employer's雇主的；C.husband's丈夫的；D.son's儿子的；由下文Thisiswhatmyson'sbeenlongingfor这正是我儿子一直渴望的，可知女人买礼物给儿子作为礼物。故答案是D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于腿部疾病，她四处走动都很痛。A.painful痛苦的；B.convenient方便的；C.funny滑稽的；D.secure安全的；因为女人腿部疾病，所以走动起来会疼痛；故答案是A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她先打给那个雇员，但他不愿意帮助。A.order命令；B.share分享；C.help帮助；D.pay付款；商店员工不愿意帮助，所以寻求作者的帮助，故答案是C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我想到这个女人，一个完全陌生的人，相信我。A.fooled戏弄；B.trusted信任；C.inspired激发；D.annoyed使烦恼；根据文章可知：作者和这位女士并不认识，但是这位女士相信作者。故答案是B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：是什么阻止了我在付款方式上撒谎而把她的现金放进自己的口袋?A.throwing扔；B.tearing撕；C.pocketing放进口袋；D.losing失去；作者真诚的帮助了这位女士，可推断出作者并没有自己把女士的钱据为己有；故答案是C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不可能知道我不是一个骗子。A.videomaker视频制作者；B.porter搬运工C.gameseller游戏销售者；D.cheat骗子；这位女士请求作者帮助她，她没有怀疑作者是个骗子，故答案是D。【31题详解】考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：她怎么可能对一个人有那么多的信任呢?A.patiencewith对……有耐心；B.faithin相信C.respectfor尊重D.mercyon对……仁慈。作者很困惑这个女人为什么如此相信作者。故答案是B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把现金还给了她，解释说必须用她的卡支付——当时超过了100美元，A.arguing争论；B.lying撒谎；C.promising承诺；D.explaining解释；根据前句的内容可知：作者把现金还给了作者，及下文因为价格超过了100，所以还用了信用卡上的钱，作者说明的是用信用卡的原因，需要解释。故答案是D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后把她要买的游戏和她的信用卡递给她。A.game游戏；B.cheque支票；C.ticket门票；D.change零钱；变化；根据前文apopulargame可知，作者把帮忙买的游戏和卡归还，故答案是A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：顺便说一句，我看了你一眼，就知道你会成为需要帮助的人的朋友。A.laughing笑；B.glancing看；C.yelling大吼；D.pointing指；根据atyou，可知，这位女士看了作者一眼，就知道作者会成为需要帮助的人的朋友。故答案是B。【35题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意同上。A.inneed需要；someoneinneed有困难/需要的人；B.inpublic在公共场合；C.inreturn作为回报；D.indanger处于危险中；根据前文可知，这位女士需要作者的帮助，答案是A.【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她给了我10美元，而且拒绝收回。A.offered主动提供；B.managed设法完成；经营；C.refused拒绝；D.decided决定；根据Shegaveme＄10可知，这个感谢作者的帮助，所以给了10美元，并且拒绝收回，故答案是C。【37题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后她开车走了，说了声圣诞快乐！。A.cameover过来；B.droveaway开车离开；C.felldown摔倒；D.pulledup降速停车。这个女人驱车离开，故答案是B。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不知道即使是10美元也能带来多大的不同。A.difference区别；B.living生活；makealiving谋生；C.bargain便宜货；D.profit利润；根据Iwasabletobuyafewcheapgroceriesfortheweekanditreallymadea19timeinmylifealittlebetter.可知，这10美元对作者起了很大的作用，makeadifference有影响，起着重要的作用。故答案是A。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这周我能买到一些便宜的食品，这让我生活中的艰难时刻变得更好了。A.happy开心的；B.carefree无忧无虑的；C.confusing令人困惑的；D.hard艰难的；由文章开头atoughtime可知作者生活艰难，所以这10美元使得他艰难的生活稍微好些，故答案是D。【40题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我真的觉得自己是那个被赋予了神奇礼物的人。A.finally最终；B.therefore因此；C.however然而；D.otherwise否则；根据语境可知，作者认为这个女人认为作者帮助了她，然而，作者觉得自己才是那个被帮助的人；前后句存在转折关系，故答案是C。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。HuaweiTechnologiesCo.Ltd.isaChinesemultinationalnetworkingandtelemunicationsequipmentandservicespanywiththeheadquarters_____41_____(set)upinShenzhen,Guangdong.Itisthe_____42_____(large)telemunicationsequipmentmakerintheworld.Huawei_____43_____(found)in1987byRenZhenfei,aformerengineerinthePeople’sLiberationArmy.Atthetimeofitsestablishment,Huaweifocused_____44_____mass-producingphoneswitches,buthassinceexpandeditsbusinesstoincludebuildingtelemunicationsnetworks;providingoperationalandconsultingservicesandequipmenttoenterprisesinsideandoutsideofChina;andmass-producingmunicationsdevicesfortheconsumermarket.Huaweihasover140,000employees;around46%of_____45_____aretakingpartinresearchanddevelopment.Sofar,it____46____(establish)morethan21ResearchandDevelopmentinstitutesincountriesincludingChina,theUnitedStates,Canada,UKandsoon.HuaweiTechnologiesCosaidthatitrecorded159.6billionyuan,36.3billionyuan,and255.8billionyuaninrevenue(收益),_____47_____(respective).Itsnetprofitmarginstoodat9.2%inthefirsthalfof2020,_____48_____(mark)a13.1%increaseyear—on—year,despiteUSgovernmentrestrictionsandthechallengescreatedbyCOVID-19.As_____49_____(country)aroundtheglobearetryinghardtosolvetheCOVID-19pandemic,informationandmunicationstechnologieshavebeenotonlyacrucialtoolforbatingthevirus,butalso______50______engineforeconomicrecovery.【答案】41.set42.largest43.wasfounded44.on/upon45.whom46.hasestablished47.respectively48.marking49.countries50.an【解析】本文是说明文。主要介绍了华为公司以及公司在疫情期间的影响。【41题详解】考查过去分词。句意：华为技术是一家总部设在广东深圳的中国跨国网络和电信设备及服务公司。withsth.done表示某事已经做好，这里headquarters和setup之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词表示被动。故填set。【42题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：它是世界上最大的电信设备制造商。根据本句的intheworld和空前的the，可知此处要填最高级形式。故填largest。【43题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：华为于1987年由任振飞创立。本句的主语是Huawei，谓语动词是found，主谓之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态的结构bedone，根据in1987，时间发生在过去，用一般过去时，故填wasfounded。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：成立之初，华为专注于大规模生产交换机。focuson/upon表示“集中注意于”，是固定搭配，故填on/upon。【45题详解】考查定语从句。句意：华为拥有超过14万名员工，其中约46%参与了研发。_____aretakingpartinresearchanddevelopment.是定语从句，先行词是employees，先行词是人，在从句中做介词of的宾语，所以此处只能用whom。故填whom。【46题详解】考查时态。句意：目前已在中国、美国、加拿大、英国等国家建立了21个研发机构。根据时间状语sofar，可知此处用现在完成时，主语为it，故填hasestablished。【47题详解】考查副词。句意：华为技术表示，其收入分别为人民币1,596亿元、人民币363亿元和人民币2558亿元。此处需要修饰整个句子，所以用副词，故填respectively。【48题详解】考查现在分词。句意：该公司2020年上半年的净利润率为9.2%，同比增长13.1%。此处前后句没有连接词连接，所以mark是非谓语动词，这里mark与前面的句子在逻辑上是主动关系，故填marking。【49题详解】考查名词复数。句意：随着全球各国都在努力解决COVID-19。此处country前面没有冠词修饰，所以用复数形式，且be动词为are。故填countries。【50题详解】考查冠词。句意：信息和通信技术不仅成为抗击病毒的重要工具，而且成为经济复苏的一个引擎。此处引擎是泛指“一个引擎”，所以用不定冠词，engine是元音开头，故填an。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)51.短文改错Iamwritingtooffermysincerecongratulation.YouwonthefirstprizeintheChineseChessNetworkChallenge.Asyourfriend,IjustwantyoutoknowhowgladlyIamatyoursuccess.Inlastfewyears,youhadshowngreatinterestinChinesechess.Youkeeponpracticingthemeveryday.NotonlyhaveyoureadmuchbooksaboutChinesechessstrategies,butalsoyouhavepetedonallkindsofChinesechesscontests.Finally,yousucceededinwintheonlinepetition!IwassoveryhappythatIcouldn’tgotosleeplastnight.I’meagertoplayChinesechesswithyouatthemunityclub,whichwe’llenjoyourselves.【答案】1.congratulation→congratulations2.gladly→glad3.in后面加the4.had→have5.them→it6.much→many7.on→in8.win→winning9.去掉very10.which→where【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。作者对朋友在中国象棋网络大赛中获得一等奖表示感谢。【详解】1.考查名词。句意：我写信为了表达我真诚在祝福。表示祝福用名词复数形式。故congratulation改为congratulations。2.考查形容词。句意：作为朋友，我只想让你知道我对你的成功感到多么得开心。感叹句开心在做be动词在表语，用形容词。故gladly改为glad。3.考查冠词。句意：在过去几年里，你展现了对中国象棋极大在兴趣。表示在过去几年里用inthelast加时间段。故in后面加the。4.考查动词时态。句意：在过去几年里，你展现了对中国象棋极大在兴趣。inthelastfewyears是提示词，后面用现在完成时。故had改为have。5.考查代词。句意：你每天练习下象棋。代词指代Chinesechess，用单数代词，故them改为it。6.考查形容词。句意：你不仅读了很多中国象棋策略的书籍，而且参加了各种象棋大赛。书籍是名词复数，用many修饰名词复数，much只能修饰不可数名词。故much改为many。7.考查介词。句意：你不仅读了很多中国象棋策略的书籍，而且参加了各种象棋大赛。petein表示在……中竞赛。故on改为in。8.考查动名词。句意：最后，你在网上竞赛获得成功。介词后用动名词，故win改为winning。9.考查副词。句意：昨天晚上我如此开心以至于难以入眠。so...that表示如此……以至于，very是多余的。故去掉very。10.考查定语从句。句意：我渴望在社区俱乐部和你一起下棋，我们会玩的很开心。先行词是themunityclub，在定语从句中做地点状语，故which改为where。第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是李华。近日有网友在推特贴出了中国大妈带领美国大