2023年四级辅导四六级作文论说文写作

四/六级作文辅导（二）论说文写作一．结构（一）：问题解决型（Problem-Solution）-----对某一问题进行分析,找出解决办法,表达自己的见解.常用句型（Structure/SentencePattern）第一段：提出问题（what/why）句型：◎Nowadays，wehavetofaceaproblemthat…(问题)◎Nowadays，moreandmorepeopleareconcernedabouttheproblem…(问题)◎Itisimportantforusto…(问题)第二段：解决问题(How)句型：◎Peoplehavefiguredoutmanywaystosolvetheproblem．Firstly，…(解决方法一)Secondly，…(解决方法二),…◎Confrontedwith…(问题)weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasurestocopewiththesituation．Firstly，…(解决方法一)Secondly，…(解决方法二),…第三段：表达自己的立场句型：◎1)Personally，Ibelievethat…(我的方法)／Tome，Iamtakingtwowaystosolvetheproblemof…(问题)Oneofthemis…(我的方法)Theotherwayis…(方法二)Bynowwayshavebeenworkingperfectlyandefficient1y…(结果)2)Inconclusion/Inaword/Tosumup/Insummary/Obviously/It’sclearthat…/It’snodoubtthat….思维框架（Mindmap）1．引介----引入要讨论的话题（Introduction（Statement/thesis））：2．主体（body）要讨论的主题句（topicsentence）:所面临的问题(what)：此问题是如何引起的(why)?如何解决此问题(how)?3．结论(conclusion)--重述主题论点或总结概括各要点（Restate/summarise）：二．结构（二）：因果关系型-----对某现象进行因果因素分析思维框架（Mindmap）1.引介（Introduction）:2.主体部分主题句（topicsentence）:段落1（BodyParagraph1）段落2（BodyParagraph2）段落3（BodyParagraph3）要点（topicsentence）理由（Reason1）要点（topicsentence）理由（Reason2）要点（topicsentence）理由（Reason3）举证（事例、数据、引言等）（SupportingFacts举证（事例、数据、引言等）（SupportingFacts举证（事例、数据、引言等）（SupportingFacts3．结论(Conclusion)三．议论文写作框架/模版A问题—解决型1.模板一(第1句)Withthedevelopment/improvementof(铺垫),(写某一问题).(第2句)Itisnecessarythat(关注解决现象引出的问题很必要).(第3句)Ontheonehand,(解决问题很必要的理由一).(第4句)Ontheotherhand,(解决问题很必要的理由二).(第5句)Therefore,howto(承上启下,提出要解决的问题)isworthpayingattention.(第6句)Firstly(解决办法一).(第7句)Secondly(解决办法2).(第8句)Forexample,(举例解释解决办法2).(第9句)Thirdly,(解决办法三).(第10句)Inotherwords,(阐明解决办法三).(第11句)Infact,waysto(指出解决问题的办法多种多样)arecountless.(第12句)It'stimethat(强调解决问题时不可待).【本模式作文范文】2023年1月真题:ReduceWasteonCampus(第1句)Withtheimprovementoflivingstandard,wasteoncampusisincreasinglyserious.(第2句)Itisnecessarythatsomethingshouldbedonetoreducewasteoncampus.(第3句)Ontheonehand,ourwastehasalreadycausedagreatlossofpreciousresources,suchaswaterandelectricity.(第4句)Ontheotherhand,ourwasteaddsourparentsaswellasoursocietyaburden.(第5句)Therefore,howtoeliminatewasteoncampusisworthpayingattention.(第6句)Firstly,weshouldturnoffthelightwhenweleaveourdormsorclassroomssoastosaveelectricityasmuchaspossible.(第7句)Secondly,weshouldstopwastingwaterwhenwebath,orwashclothesanddishes.(第8句)Forexample,weshoulduseabasinwhenwecleanfaces.(第9句)Thirdly,weshouldbeeconomical.(第10句)Inotherwords,whengoshopping,weshouldbuyonlywhatwereallyneed.(第11句)Infact,thewaystoreducewasteoncampusarecountless.(第12句)It'stimethatwecultivatethehabitofthriftineverypossibleway.2.模板二(第1句)Therehasbeenadiscussionrecentlyabout（提出现存的问题）.(第2句)Itisobviousthat（解决问题很必要的理由一）.(第3句)Additionally,（解决问题很必要的理由二）.(第4句)Soitishightime,（承上启下,说明解决问题的必要性）.(第5句)Firstofall,（解决办法一）.(第6句)Thereasonis（解决办法一的理由）.(第7句)Secondly（解决办法二）.(第8句)Thatistosay,（阐明解决办法二）.(第9句)Thirdly,（解决办法三）.(第10句)Infact,morethanthreewayscanbeadopted,（指出解决问题的办法多种多样）.(第11句)Asforme,（个人立场）.(第12句)Allinall,（总结全文）.【本模式作文范文】ReduceWasteonCampus(第1句)Therehasbeenadiscussionrecentlyaboutwasteoncampus.(第2句)Itisobviousthatagreatlossofpreciousresources,suchaswaterandelectricityhavebeencausedbywaste.(第3句)Additionally,ourwasteaddsourparentsandsocietyaburden.(第4句)Soitishightimethatwetookactionstoreducethewasteoncampus.(第5句)Firstofall,weshouldstopwastingwaterwhenwebath,orcleanfaces,orwashclothesanddishes.(第6句)Thereasonisthatthereisagreatshortageofwaterintheword.(第7句)Secondly,weshouldbeeconomical.(第8句)Thatistosay,whengoshopping,weshouldbuyonlywhatwereallyneed.(第9句)Thirdly,weshouldturnoffthelightwhenweleavedormsorclassroomssoastosaveelectricityasmuchaspossible.(第10句)Infact,morethanthreewayscanbeadopted.(第11句)Asforme,thecultivationofgoodhabitofthriftismostimportantforallofus.(第12句)Allinall,everycollegestudentshouldjoinintheeffortstocombatthewasteoncampus.3.模板三(第1句)Itiscertainthat（提出问题及解决的必要性）.(第2句)Foronereason,（解决问题很必要的理由一）.(第3句)Foranother,（解决问题很必要的理由二）.(第4句)However,somestillpuzzleonhowto（转折到如何解决问题）.(第5句)Herecomesomesuggestions（呈上指出解决问题的方法很多）.(第6句)Tobeginwith,（解决办法一）.(第7句)Secondly（解决办法2）.(第8句)Forinstance,（举例阐明）.(第9句)Thirdly,（解决办法三）.(第10句)Thatisbecause（其理由）.(第11句)Thesolutionvaryaccordingtodifferentsituations（.解决问题的办法随具体情况不同而变化主线途径）.(第12句)Therefore,（总结全文,要灵活地依据具体情况解决问题.）.B观点论证型1.模板一(第1句)Itistruethat（提出普遍存在地观点）.(第2句)However,（谈不同地观点）.(第3句)Ithink（自己地观点,即文章地论点）.(第4句)（过度句,转折到观点地论证,由题目选择具体的词）canbelistedasfollow.(第5句)Firstofall,（论证理由一）.(第6句)Secondly（论证理由二）.(第7句)Forexample（举例具体说明理由二）.(第8句)Thirdly,（论证理由三）.(第9句)Acaseinpointis（举例说明理由三）.(第10句)Itgoeswithoutsayingthat（提出执行该观点时应注意的事项）.(第11句)Thereisnodoubtthat（得出结论）.(第12句)Inconclusion（总结全文）.【本模式作文范文】ItPaystoBeHonestItistruethatmostofusvaluehonestyhighly.However,nowadaysweoftenconfrontconfidencecrisissuchascheating,overcharging,fakecommodities,etc.Ithinkthatweshouldbehonestbecausebeinghonestisnotonlythewholesociety.Thereasonscanbelistedasfollows.Firstly,onlyhonestpeoplecanbetrulyrespectedbytheothersandcanmakemorefriendsoveralongperiodoftime.Secondly,honesty,whichisthetraditionalvirtueoftheChinesepeople,canmakeourlifeeasierandmoreharmonious.Forexample,consumerswillnotbeafraidofbeingoverchargedifdealersarehonest,andonthecontrarydealerscanwinmorecustomers.Thirdly,honestycanmakeoursociety.AcaseinpointisthatSingaporewhichisasocietyoftrustworthinessandintegrityhasacomparativelylowcriminalrate.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatbeinghonestyisofbenefittoboththesameandtheindividual.Thereisnodoubtthatweshouldfosterthespiritofhonesty.Inconclusion,layingstressonhonestywillbecomethepublicmoralsinoursociety.2.模板二(第1句)Somepeoplebelievethat（直接提出本文的观点）.(第2句)Thetruthisdeepandprofound（进一步强度观点的对的性）.(第3句)Asweknow,（论证理由一）.(第4句)Inaddition,（论证理由二）.(第5句)Therearenumerousexamples（承上启下）.(第6句)Acaseinpointis（举例一具体论证）.(第7句)Thereisclosetosuggest（总结例一）.(第8句)Foranotherexample（举例二具体论证）.(第9句)Moreover,（举例三具体论证）.(第10句)Allmentionedabovetellus（总结上下,重申论点）.(第11句)Butonethingwehavetonoticeisthat（指出该论点应注意什么）.(第12句)Inaword,（总结）.【本模式作文范文】ItPaystoBeHonestSomepeoplebelievethatmanydishonesties,suchascheating,overcharging,fakecommodities,etc.ruinournormallife,andtheymaintainthatbeinghonestisnotonlybeneficialtoothersbutalsotooneself.Thetruthisdeepandprofound.Asweknow,ifoneishonest,otherpeoplewilldeeplyrespecthimorher,andarewillingtomakefriendswithhimorher.Inaddition,beinghonestcanmakepeople'slifeeasierandmoreharmonious.Therearenumerousexamplessupportingtheargument.AcaseinpointisthatSingaporewhichisasocietyoftrustworthinessandintegrityhasacomparativelylowcriminalrate.Thisisclosetosuggestthathonestycanmakeoursocietymorestable,andallpeoplecanliveapeacefullifethere.Foranotherexample,buyersusuallyliketomakeadealwiththedealerstheytrust.Moreover,thedealer,suchasTongrentangHerbalMedicineShopwhichrunsbusinesshonestlyismorelikelysurvivethefiercemarketcompetition.Allmentionedabovetellusthatitishightimethatwetookactiontofightagainstdishonesty.Butonethingwehavetonoticeisthatsometimesweneedwhiteliestocomfortthepatientswhohavesufferedseriousillness.Inshort,weshouldletthedishonestyhavenoplacetostayinoursociety.C对比选择型1.模板一(第1句)Differentpeoplehavedifferentviewson(开门见山直入主体,表白对某事人们的不同见解).(第2句)Somepeopleperfer,(表白一部分人的见解).(第3句)Otherstendto(另一部分的见解).(第4句)Astome,Iagreewith/to(作者的见解).(第5句)Ofcourse,(认可自己不赞同的见解有一定的合理性).(第6句)Forexample,(举例说明支持第五句).(第7句)But,(转折指出这种观点的局限性).(第8句)Thefollowingreasonscanaccountformypreference(启下句过度到下段具体阐述自己所支持的观点的理由).(第9句)Themainreasonis(支持观点的理由一)..(第10句)Agoodexampletoillustrateis(举例说明理由一).(第11句)Furanother,(理由二).(第12句)Fromtheforegoing,(总结全文,从长远看).【本模式作文范文】2023年6月真题:Isatestofspokennecessary?AtestofspokenEnglishwillbeincludedasanoptionalcomponentoftheCollegeEnglishTest(CET).(第1句)Differentpeoplehavedifferentviewsonit.(第2句)Someprefertohavesuchatest.(第3句)OtherstendtodeclineanykindoftestofspokenEnglish.(第4句)Astome,Iagreewiththefirststatement.(第5句)Ofcourse,atestofspokenEnglishisverydifficulttohandleandthetesttimeisnotlongenoughtofullydisplayparticipants'abilitytospokeninEnglish.(第6句)Forexample,ifacandidatedrawsatopicwhichheofsheisnotfamiliarwith,it'shardtoshowhisorhercommandofspokenEnglish.(第7句)Butwithoutsuchatest,somepeoplemaynothavemotivationtopractisespokenEnglish.(第8句)Thefollowingreasonscanaccountformypreference.(第9句)Themainreasonisthatsuchatestenhancescollegestudents'awarenessoftheimportanceofspokenEnglish.(第10句)Agoodexampletoillustrateisthatseveralyearsago,collegestudentsonlystressedreadingandwritingskills,ignoringtobuildinguplisteningandspeakingability.(第11句)Foranother,acertificateofsuchatestwillmakejob-huntingeasier.(第12句)Fromtheforegoing,IthinkatestofspokenEnglishisofnecessity.2.模板二(第1句)Thereisnocompleteagreementamongpeopleasto(开门见山直入主体,表白对某事人们的不同见解).(第2句)Somepeopleconsider,(表白一部分人的见解).(第3句)However,othersthink,(另一部分的见解).(第4句)Somepeoplemaysay(观点一的理由).(第5句)Theyholdthisopinionbecause(进一步阐述观点一的理由).(第6句)However,othersbelieve,(观点二的理由).(第7句)Theyarguethat,(进一步阐述观点二的理由).(第8句)Personally,Iaminfavorofthe(我的立场).(第9句)Firstly,(个人见解依据一).(第10句)Secondly,(个人见解依据二).(第11句)Mostimportantofall(个人见解依据三).(第12句)Takingabove-mentionedfactorsintoconsideration,we/Imayreasonablyconcludethat(总结全文).3.模板三(第1句)Whenaskedabout(开门见山直入主体,表白对某事人们的不同见解),differentpeoplewillofferdifferentopinions.(第2句)Somepeopletakeitforgrantedthat(提出观点一).(第3句)Intheiropinion,(观点一的理由一).(第4句)Besides(观点一的理由二).(第5句)However,othershold(提出观点二).(第6句)Theymaintain(观点二的理由一).(第7句)And(观点二的理由二).(第8句)Weighingupthesearguments,Iamfor(我的观点).(第9句)Foronething(个人观点理由一).(第10句)Foranther,(个人观点理由二).(第11句)Forinstance,(举例说明).(第12句)Therefore,asstatedabove(综上所述再次强调自己的观点).【本模式作文范文】Isatestofspokennecessary?AtestofspokenEnglishwillbeincludedasanoptionalcomponentoftheCollegeEnglishTest(CET).(第1句)Whentalkingaboutit,differentpeoplewillofferdifferentopinions.(第2句)SomepeopletakeitforgrantedthatcollegestudentsshouldtakeatestofspokenEnglish.(第3句)Intheiropinion,itisgoodchanceforthemtotesttheirspokenEnglish.(第4句)Besides,italsomakesthemknowtheimportanceofthespokenEnglish.(第5句)However,othersholdthatatestofspokenEnglishisunnecessaryintheuniversityandcolleges.(第6句)Theymaintainthatcollegestudents'practiceofspokenEnglishisnotfortestingbutfordailyuse.(第7句)Andtheythinkitishardtomanagesuchasubjectivetest.(第8句)Weighingupthesetwoarguments,Iamforthefirstpointofview.(第9句)Foronething,spokenEnglishisveryimportant.(第10句)Foranother,atestofspokenEnglishcanguideandsupervisestudentstomakeconversationpractice.(第11句)Forinstance,whenchoosingbooksandothermaterials,studentscanpickthemaccordingtothebandsofthetesttheywanttotake.(第12句)Therefore,asstatedabove,thefirstpointofviewcanholdwater.D现象解释型模板(第1句)(最近出现的总体现象)hasbeenbroughtintofocus.(第2句)Nowdays,(现象的具体表现一).(第3句)Inaddition,(现象的具体表现二).(第4句)Manyreasonscontributeto(过度句到分析因素).(第5句)Generallyspeaking,(承上启下开始列举因素).(第6句)Firstofall,(因素之一).(第7句)Moreover,(因素二).(第8句)Therefore,(对因素一二进行总结).(第9句)AsfarasIamconcerned,(对现象的见解).(第10句)Asweknown,(支持见解的理由一).(第11句)Furthermore,(理由二).(第12句)Inaword,(总结).四．议论文写作参考题例真题[00.1]HowIFinanceMyCollegeEducation?[01.1]HowtoSucceedinAJobInterview?[1](2023.1)HowIfinanceMyCollegeEducation1、上大学的费用（tuitionandfees）可以通过多种途径解决。2、哪种途径适合我（说明理由）。HowIfinanceMyCollegeEducationWiththereformoftheeducationalsysteminChina,highereducationisnoLongerfree.Studentsmustpayfortheirschooling.Butmanyfamiliesfinditdifficulttoaffordthetuitionandfees.Howdotheysolvethisproblem?Infact,manymeasureshavebeentakentohelptalentedstudentswithfinancialdifficultytofinishtheircollegeeducation.Studentscanapplyforbankloanswhichwillcovertheirtuitionandfeesatcollegeandrepaythemoneygraduallyaftertheygraduateandearnmoney.Inthisway,thestudentscanberelievedofthefinancialpressureduringtheiryearsofstudy.Universitiesalsoprovidescholarshiporbenefitsforstudentswithhonorsorfrompoorfamilies.Inaddition,therearealsowarm-heartedvolunteerswhodonatemoneytostudentsfrompoverty-strickenareasfortheircollegeeducation.Iamluckytobeborninawell-offfamilyandmyparentsprovidemewithallmytuitionandfees.ButIdonotwanttobetotallydependentonmyparents,soItakepart-timejobsinmysparetimeandtrytosavesomemoneyformytuitionandfees.(187words)所面临的问题(what)如何解决此问题(how)?我的途径[2](2023.1)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:HowtoSucceedinaJobinterview?Youshouldwriteatleast100wordsandyoushouldbasedyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below.1、面试在求职过程中的作用。2、取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是……。HowtoSucceedinaJobInterview?Besideswrittendocumentslikeresumeandrecommendationletters,anemployerneedssomefirst-handinformationabouttheapplicant,suchashisappearanceandresponse.Soajobinterviewoftencomesafterone'sapplicationhasbeenaccepted.Astheemployerwillbasehisfinaldecisionontheperformanceofthecandidateintheinterview,jobinterviewsareofgreatimportancetoanyapplicant.Tosomeextent,tosucceedinajobinterviewistosucceedinacquiringthejob.Ifyouaregoingtohaveajobinterview,pleasepayattentiontothefollowingthings.Firstofall,besuretoarriveontime.lfyouarelate,evenifonlyoneminute,yourchanceofgettingthejobwillbecomegloomy.Secondly,becarefulaboutyourappearance.Yourdressshouldbeneat,formalandproperfortheoccasion.Thirdly,bepolitetoyourinterviewerbutconfidentofyourself.Yourgoodmannersandconfidencewillleaveapleasantimpressiononyourfutureboss.Ajobinterviewisbothachallengeandanopportunityforyou.Beartheabovepointsinmind,andIbelieveyoucangraspthechance.Goodluck!(190words)IntroductionGivingsuggestionsRestatement五．议论文写作练习（模拟题）【1】ModelTestOne(Composition2)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteOnSecondMajorsofCollegestodescribethesituationandgivesuggestionsonchoosingsecondmajorsforcollegestudents.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.许多学校都开设了第二专业供学生选择。学生选择第二专业的目的多种多样。我个人的见解是……OnSecondMajorsofCollegesNowadays,manyuniversitiesandcollegesoffervarioussecondmajorstostudentstochoosefrom.Forinstance,highermathematicsforthosewhoareinterestedinmathcompetitions;Englishforthosewhodevotethemselvestothelanguagedevelopmentandsoon.Studentschoosedifferentsecondmajorsfordifferentpurposes.Somestudentswanttofurtherupgradethemselvesinanotherfield.Theythinktheycanlearnmuchknowledgeandmoreskillsfromthecourseeventhoughitmightnotbemuchfun.Somesimplychoosewhattheylikeorfindawaytokilltheirsparetime.Theydon’tcarewhatmaybegained.Andstillotherschoosethecoursejustoutofadmirationforthehonorableandwell-knownteachers,sotheycanlearnsomethingundertheguidanceofthegreatmaster.AsfarasI’mconcerned,mysecondmajorinthistermis“AdvancedOralEnglish”.ThereasonwhyIhavechosenitisthatI’mextremelyinterestedinEnglish,especiallyoralEnglish.IthinkhavingagoodcommandoforalEnglishisaskillindispensableforjob-huntingtoday.I’veworkedhardinthiscourseandbenefitedalotfromitasaresult.【2】ModelTestTwo(Composition2)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteOnKeepingPetstodescribeandanalyzethesituationandreasonsforkeepingpetsinrecentyears.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.养宠物越来越流行。2.人们养宠物的因素是……3.养宠物产生的问题……OnKeepingPetsNowadays,thereseemstobeatendencyofkeepingpetsinagrowingnumberoffamilies.Ithasbecomeacommonphenomenoninsomecommunities:peopleincasualweartakeastrollleisurely,notforthemselvesbutfortheirdearpets.Atsocialgatherings,youheargossipsaboutexperienceintakingcareofpets.Peoplekeeppetsforgoodreasons.First,petsprovidecompanyandmakeushappyandfarfromfeelinglonely.Second,petsgiveusasenseofbeingimportantandneededbecausetheydependonusforhome,foodanddrink.Moreover,apetinafamilykeepsusintouchwithamorenatural,animalworld.Actually,somepeoplekeeppetsasasymboloftheirhighsocialstatus.Atthesametime,therearealsoproblemsthatcannotbeignored.Theincreasingnumberofpetsmaycauseserioushygieneproblems.Sopet-ownersshouldtrytokeeptheenvironmentcleanaswell.Inmanypublicplacespetsareforbiddentoenterincasetheyspreaddiseasesanddisturbotherpeople.【3】ModelTestThree(Composition2)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteOnSocialSecuritytogivesuggestionsonimprovingsocialsecurity.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.社会治安一直是我们关心的话题。2.目前的社会治安状况还不容乐观。3.我的建议和见解。OnSocialSecuritySocialsecurityhaslongbeenagreatconcernofdifferentlevelsofourgovernmentandthepublic.Wecannotimaginehowwecanwork,studyandlivenormallyunderturbulentcircumstances.Hencethesignificanceofsocialsecuritycanneverbeoverstated.Asamatteroffact,thepresentsituationofsocialsecurityisfarfrombeingsatisfactoryalthoughwehavetakenvariousmeasurestoprotectpeopleandinstitutionsfrombeingattacked.Almosteverydaywereadorhearthenewsofrobberies,murders,kidnappings,orevenassassinationshappeningindifferentpartsoftheworld.Whatisworseisthatnewcrimesarecommittedbymeansofhightechnology,andtheyarecalledcomputercrimes.Personally,Ithinkthatourgovernmentshouldenforcelawsandregulationsmoreefficiently.Inthemeantime,weshouldpunishthecriminalsmoreseverely.Themostimportantthingistoeducatepeopletomakethembetterandmorecivilizedcitizens.Onlyinthiswaycanwehaveamoresecuresocietytowork,studyandlivein.【4】ModelTestFour(Composition2)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionIsItNecessarytoDevelopSpeakingAbility?Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:很多人认为没有必要提高口语能力，理由是……也有人持不批准见。我的见解和打算。IsItNecessarytoDevelopSpeakingAbility?Inteachingaforeignlanguage,mostChineseinstructorsgiveprioritytothedevelopmentofreadingskills.TheytendtothinkthatspeakingpracticeisofnousebecausemostChinesestudentshavefewopportunitiestotalkwithforeigners.Thatiswhytheimpo