叉车充电站规划设计技术要求-Battery-charging-room-requirement-

液态铅酸电池充电站计划1。充电站的定义和说明Definitionsanddescriptionsofchargingstat1。1电池房Battery-Rooms………………2。建筑结构Buildingconstruction…………………2。1充电站内的车辆空间Truckplaceinchargingstat2。2电池房的空间Placeinbatteryrooms.0…………….。。。。...。.。。。。。。.。。..。。。.3.2取暖Heating4.充电机Charger:5。通风Ventilation…………5.10总则Genera1。5.2根据DINVDE0510计算CalculationaccordingDINVDE0515.3必要的空闲房屋空间计算Calculationofthenecessaryfreeroomspac5.4必要的空气流量计算Calculationofthenecessaryvolumeofairfl6.房屋温度和气候Roomtemperatureandclimates9。维护和维修地方Maintenanceandrepairplacess11.急救措施Firstaido+电池房是一种专门给电池充电和储存电池的房屋，也可以将充电机安装在电池房内。1.2电池充电站电池充电站是一种专门房屋，在屋内，可以给装在车辆上的电池充电也可以给1。1所述的电池充电.AbatterychargingstationisaspecialroomforchargingbatterieswhichareinstaIledinthetrucksandalsochargingbatteriesaccording1.1.总之先要决定是否应该建立电池房或充电站，大多数情况下两班或三班工作制运行应该有电池房，充电机前放有正在一间房中.Generalistodecideifabatteryroomorabatterychargingstationshouldbesetup.Mostlyabatteryroomisnecessaryatatwoorthreeshiftoperation,normallyrechargedbatteriesandbatteriesunderchargestandinfrontofonecharger。InbatterychargingstationsnormallytruckswithinstalledbatteriesareconnectedtothechargerS.SImportantisiftheroomisaworkingplacewherepersonsareinchargetooptainandmaintainandchangebatteries.Inthiscasespecialregulationsforworkingplacesarenecessary,forexamplequestionsaboutlight,noise,temperature,gas—emissionandsoon,additionalwaitingrooms,washroomsandrestroomshadtobeinstalled.2。1s充电站里的车辆空间充电站的平面空间取决于充电站规模和车辆种类，而且根据VDI2197,2198和2199或国家特殊标准计算chargingstationandtheumaroundwiththetrucks2198and2199orspecialnational实际可以用15m²计算，重要的是：-车辆占据的面积(宽和深)-车辆高 norms.Inpracticeyoucancalculatewith15m²squaremeters,importantare:-kindandlargenessofthetrucks-quantityoftrucksofeachtrucktype-totalquantityoftrucks-quantityandtypeofchargers-thestandsquaremetersofthetruck(wideanddeep)-highofthetruck车辆附加的占地面积，必须将车辆周围空间0.6m和充电机到电池间1m的距离计算在内。Additionaltothestandsquaremetersofthetrucksanecessaryspacearoundthetruckof0,6metersandadistancechargertobatteryof1metermustbecalculated。BbCCaaaac)到易燃品的必备距离necessarydistancetoinflammablestorednecessarydistancetoexplosivematerialnecessaryhighoftheplace(dependsofthetrucks)最少2meter充电站的房屋布局相对放置的车辆间必备距离应该是车辆转动空间的一半(Wa)加上0。6m(B=Wa+0,6m)necessarydistancebetweentheoppositeplacedtruckshouldbethehalfoftheturnB电池充电房的必要面积取决于电池、充电机、起重设备或运输充放电电池的车辆的种类、数量和大小。Inbatterychargingroomsthenecessarysquaremetersdependsofthequantityandthelargenessofthebatteriesandthechargersandofthekindofcraneorthecha实际上，可以用7m²计算每个充电机前必须计算出必备空间，以放置两个电池加上电池之间最少0。2m的通风空间。放电池的托架必须以最重的电池考虑计算，并且与地隔离。Batterybanksmustbecalculatedfortheheaviestbatteryandmustbeisolatedagainstthed.d充电机前面板到电池的最短距离(a)为0.5m,电池到温度超过200C的加热装置最短距离为2.5m。Theminimumdistance(a)ofthechargerfrontpaneltothebatteryis0,5meterandminimum2,5meterbetweenbatteryandheatingsystemswithatemperaturemorethan200C压强>8N/mm抗酸腐蚀抗硫酸H₂SO4(50%)墙泄漏电阻。(10'ohm(电池周围1.5m.)绝缘阻抗>100kohm(电池周围1.5m。)屋顶抗酸腐蚀抗硫酸tH₂SO₄(50%)地板必须有一个最小0.25m³坑，其周围斜度为1%Divertresistancew(10ohm(onlyaroundtheplaceofthebatteries(1,5m)Isolationresistance)100kohm(onlyaroundtheplaceofthebatteries(1,5m)总则个充电机安装带慢动作熔丝的电源断路器或电机电路自动空气开关.应该具有通风并规定：只有工作通风时才能充TheelectricalinstallationistobedoneaccordingDINVDE0100orspecialnationalnormswithamainswitchpowerbreakerandeachchargerwithapowerbreakerwithslowactingfusesorautomaticbreakersformotor—atedcircuitsaccordingthete-充电机-加热系统-通风-照明-ventilation-illumination充电机1到n的视在功率计算：根据供货商的信息，功率P1,P2,.…Pna=因数，所有充电机都工作(一般为0,8)PoweraccordingtheinformationofthesupplierP1,P2,…。Pn对于充电机，效率和功率因数cosphi同样重要，典型计算：充电机技术/曲线效率50Hz一充电机/Wa,WoWa加热功率取决于房屋种类和大小，与充电机和电池的发热成反比.充电能量计算例如电池48V750Ah,放电等级80%充电机ao输出曲线WoWa,负载系数1,2中负载电压2,4V/Z总能量：64,8kWh(所有充电机有功功率)消耗的负载能量51,8kWh损失能量13,0kWh(可用于加热)CalculationofthechargeenergyBattery48V750Ah,dischargegrade80%ChargersoutputcurveWoWa,loadfactorl,2middleloadvoltage2,4V/Zefficiency80%Totalenergy:064,8kWh(apparentpowerofallchargers)为了选择正确的充电机，必须要知道电池型号、电池种类、额定电压、额定容量和根据工种、单班、两班或三班决定的充电时间。充电机根据外形大小既可以墙上安装也可以地面安装。为了良好通风充电机之间最小0.2m间距很重要。为便于方便操作，应该选择好安装充电机的高度。任何与水有关的安装必须在充电机下面.Toselectthecorrectchargersitisnecessarytoknowthebatterytype,thekindworking,singlevoltage,thenominalcapacityaworking,singlevoltage,thenominalcapacityandshiftortwo,threeshiftareeitherwallmountedorthechargers.Themountinghighshouldbeselectedthatagoodoperationwiththechargersispossible。Anyinstallationofwatermustbebelowthechargers。Exampleforwallmountedchargers因为电解液的水分离在电池腔内形成氢氧混合气体，这个过程是在接近电池充电结束时，即电池过充时发生的，超过过充电压就开始放气阶段。要设计电池充电房和充电站有足够的自然通风，如果需要强迫通风，就应该在始开充电时接通通风装置，进风尽可能的接近地面，经过电池然后尽可能高的从对面排出。Abatterycabformagasmixtureofhydrogenandoxygenduetotheelectrolyticdecompositionofwater.Thisgasdevelopsparticularytowardstheendofbatterychargingorifthebatteryisovercharged,ltisatitgreatestabovethevoltageatwhichgassingstarts.Batterychargingroomsandbatterychargingstationsshallwherepossiblebedesignedsothatthenaturalventilationissufficient.Ifartificialventilationisnecessary,itshallbeensuredthattheventilationisswitchedonwhilstchargingistakenplace。Theinletairshallenterascloseaspossibletotheground,passoverthebatteriesandescapeashighaspossibleontheoppositeside.电池充电房和充电站的通风，在充电时要考虑到至少有足够的空气流量Q,Q由以下公式决定：TheventilationofbatteryroomsandchargingstationsisregardedasadequateifduringchargingatleastthevolumeofairlowQ,determinedaccordingtothefollowingequQo空气流量m³/hv。稀释系数，氢/空气混合物在较低的爆炸限度时，空气和氢气体积之比(96%空气/4%氢气=24)isthedilutionfactorwhichisequaltotheratiooftheamountbyvolumeofairandhydrogenattheatthelowerexplosionlimitofthehydrogen/airmixture(96%Luft/4%H2=24)q氢气体积流量，与一个单体电池在0C和1013Pa时电解液Ah每A每h的电流强度有关 So安全系数=5(船舶核潜艇=10)isthecurrentlevelinAwhichcausesthedevelopmentofhydrogen充电特性曲线每100Ah额定容量电流IWa-特性characteristicWsa一特性characteristicIU-到2。4V/Z的特性IU-到2.25V/Z的特性计算*Q[m/h]=0,05x5.3必备的空闲房屋空间Normallyatbatteryroomsandchargingstationsnospecialventilationisnecessaryifthehallsarelargeenough,theformulais:。高high。H:..。.…mExampleforachargerwithWoWacharacteristic:Atthesecharacteristicthecalculationistobedonewithacurrentof4Aforeach100Ahbattery10个带有48V/400Ah的电池Numberofcellsperbattery24oTotalnumberofcellsNominalcapacity4000Gassingcurrent(A/100Ah):Totalgassingcurrent(A/400Ah):4如果用2.5xQ计算不需要专门的通风，空闲房屋空间要足够大。对于空闲房屋空间480m³来说，550m⁸充电房足够大。例如，房屋可以选用wxdxh:10x10x5。5m对于一个充电房内所有电池都要进行这样的计算，即必须加入单个流量：专用电池充电房和充电站。充电站应该具有+10C到+25C的室温和干燥环境，以保证充电机和电池寿命。如果这些环境条件不能满足，就要配备一些设备如：对充电机用空调，对电池用加热电缆。设备的供货商可以提供相关信息。7.加水带液态电解液的电池，由于充电时会引起放气过程而失去水分，必须再加水，根据DIN43530或国标必须加蒸馏水，一般的水会破坏电池.由充电极控制的不需维护的自动加水系统对电池加水有益，在充电结束前的适当时间进行短时加水，电池必须有专门的添满自关闭装置。自动加水系统的压力应该是：最小0.2bar最大1bar、2到10米，询问电池供货商有关加水系统的正确计划。Batterieswithliquidelectrolytelostwatercauseofthegassingduringcharge,thismustberefilled.ThereforitmustbeuseddistilledwateraccordingDIN43530ornationalnorms,normalwaterdestroyedthebattery。Automaticallywatertoppingsystemswithoutanymaintainholdgoodcausecontrolledbythechargertherefillingofwatertakesplaceatthecorrecttimeshortlybeforethechargewillbefinished.Batteriesmusthavespecialself-closingcrams。ThepressureoftheautomaticallywatertoppingsystemshouldhaveminimumO,2andmaximum1bar,especially2to10meter。Askabatterysupplierforthecorrectplanningofawatertoppingsystem.8.搬运电池