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浅谈江西旅游景点推介英译第1页/共51页第2页/共51页第3页/共51页第4页/共51页江西历史悠久,有着深厚的文化沉淀,加上地处南方,处处山清水秀,是一个典型的鱼米之乡。素有“物华天宝、人杰地灵”之称。其旅游资源特别丰富。中有南昌,北有庐山、鄱阳湖和景德镇,西南有井冈山,东有三清山和龙虎山,包括无数的名胜古迹,佛教道教圣地,风景山水,还有得天独厚的红色旅游。另外,这块土地上的民风淳朴。在英译时,首先必须满足游客的信息需要,要让他们能理解。有的直译,有的意译。另外,必须注重译入语的约定俗成、语言修辞。第5页/共51页1.直译:WordforWord/LiteralTranslation/Interpretation2.意译:FreeTranslation/Interpretation3.释译:ParaphraseTranslation/Interpretation第6页/共51页一、概况介绍江西省位于长江中下游南岸,三面环山,北枕长江,怀抱鄱阳湖。全省面积166,900平方公里,人口4,400万。因为唐代属江南西道,故名江西,又因赣江贯穿南北,简称赣。它包括10个地级市,共84个县(市)。JiangxiProvinceissituatedatthemiddleandlowerreachesofthesouthernflankoftheYangtzeRiver.SurroundedbymountainrangesonthreesidesandborderingtheYangtzeRiverinthenorthandthePoyangLakeinthenortheast,the

第7页/共51页provincecoversanareaof166,900squarekilometerswithapopulationof44million.BecauseitwasXidaointhesouthoftheYangtzeRiverintheTangDynasty,itisnownamedJiangxiandbecausetheGanRiverrunsthroughtheprovincefromsouthtonorth,inChineseitsabbreviatednameis“Gan”.Itgoverns10municipalities,including84counties.第8页/共51页江西属亚热带湿润气候,四季分明,光照充足,年平均气温摄氏16.3度至此9.7度之间,年平均降雨量在1340至1940毫米之间,年无霜在240至310天之间:Withasub-tropicalhumidclimateand4seasonsdistinctivelyseparated,JiangxiProvinceboastsplentifulsunshine.Itsannualaveragetemperatureisbetween16.3and19.7degreescentigrade;itsannualaveragerainfallisbetween1340and1940mm;andithas240to310frost-freedaysinayear.

第9页/共51页抚州位于江西东部,东邻福建,南接赣州达广东,西近京九铁路、赣粤高速,北临鄱阳湖。全市辖10县1区,面积1.88万平方公里,人口380万。境内气候温和,资源丰富,风景优美。FuzhouCityliesintheeastofJiangxiProvince,borderingFujianProvinceintheeast,GanzhouCityinthesouth,theBeijing-KowloonRailway,andtheGan-YueExpresswayinthewest,andthePoyangLakeinthenorth.Thecityhasjurisdictionover10countiesand1district,coveringanareaof18,800squarekilometerswithapopulationof3.8million.Itboastsatemperateclimate,richnaturalresources,andbeautifulscenery.第10页/共51页南昌是江西省的省会,是全省的政治、经济、文化中心。现辖四县(南昌县、新建县、进贤县、安义县)、五区(东湖区、西湖区、青云谱区、湾里区、青山湖区)、两个国家级开发区(南昌高新技术产业开发区、南昌经济技术开发区)、两个省级开发区(江西桑海经济技术开发区、南昌英雄经济技术开发区)和红谷滩新区,总面积7402平方公里,其中市区面积617平方公里、建成区面积约220平方公里,总人口485万人,流动人口近100万人,其中市区人口225万人,是全国35个特大城市之一。第11页/共51页Nanchang,thecapitalofJiangxiProvince,isthecenterofJiangxi’spolitics,economy,andculture.Itgoverns4counties(NanchangCounty,XinjianCounty,JinxianCounty,andAnyiCounty),5districts(EastLakeDistrict,WestLakeDistrict,QingyunpuDistrict,WanliDistrict,andQingshanLakeDistrict),2nationalleveldevelopmentzones(NanchangHigh-andNew-techIndustryDevelopmentZoneandNanchangEconomicTechnologyDevelopmentZone),第12页/共51页2provincialleveldevelopmentzones(JiangxiSanghaiEconomicTechnologyDevelopmentZoneandNanchangYingxiongEconomicTechnologyDevelopmentZone)andtheHonggutanNewDistrict.Itcoversanareaof7402squarekilometers,617squarekilometersofwhichisurbanareaand220squarekilometersofwhichisbuilt-area,withatotalpopulationof4.85million,about1millionofwhichistransientpopulationand2.25millionofwhichisurbanpermanentpopulation.Itisoneofthe35biggestcitiesinChina.第13页/共51页南昌地处长江中下游,濒临鄱阳湖西南岸,自古就有“粤户闽庭,吴头楚尾”之称,是唯一一个和我国经济发展最具活力的三个三角洲(区)——长江三角洲、珠江三角洲和闽东南三角区相毗邻的省会城市,是京九、浙赣铁路的交汇点,也是京九线上唯一的省会城市,承东启西,沟通南北,地理位置优越,区位优势明显。Nanchang,borderingthePoyangLakeinthenortheast,liessouthofthelowermiddlereachesoftheYangtzeRiver.Ithasbeenenjoyingobviousadvantagesgeographically.

第14页/共51页Sincetheancienttimes,ithasbeenknownasthefavorableplaceborderingGuangdongandFujianinthesouthandJiangsu,ZhejiangandHubaiinthenorth.ItistheonlyprovincialcapitalcityamongtheYangtzeRiverDelta,theZhujiangRiverDelta,andSoutheastFujianDelta,themostvigorouseconomicdevelopmentareasinChina.Besides,itstandsontheZhejiang-JiangxiRailwayanditistheonlyprovincialcapitalcityontheBeijing-KowloonRailway,connectingEastChinaandWestChina,SouthChinaandNorthChina.第15页/共51页二、绿色游绿色游(含生态游)指的是江西特有的美丽自然、乡村风光,包括名山大川、奇峰异洞、清泉瀑布和田园风光。在翻译时,必须译出景点的自然神韵、传奇色彩,即:“神化”,让游客情不自禁地进入这幅美丽的画卷中。1.山、峰、岩、崖、谷、涧、河、湖、溪、水库、池、潭、洞、泉、瀑布等。"大山"一般应译为:mountain或mount(Mt.),而"小山"则译为:hill。例如:庐山:theLu(shan)Mountain或者Mount/Mt.Lu(shan),井冈山:theJinggangMountain/Mt.Jinggang,龙虎山:theDragonandTigerMountain/Mt.DragonandTiger,三清山:theSanqingMountain/Mt.Sanqing,梅岭:theMeilingMountain,石钟山:theStoneBellHill,象鼻山:theElephantTrunkHill,西山:theWestHill。第16页/共51页2.“峰”译为:peak。例如:五老峰:theFiveOldManPeaks,五指峰:theFiveFingersPeaks,女神峰:theFairyMaidenPeak,梯云峰:theTerracedCloudsPeak,僧尼峰:theMonk-NunPeak,金枪峰:theGold-Gun/Penis

Peak。3."岩"译为:rock,"崖"译为:cliff,clifffaces或sheerfaces。例如:仙水岩:theFairyWaterRocks,通天岩:theTongtianCliffGrottoes,羞女岩:theMother/LabiaCliff,龙首崖:theDragon’sHeadCliff。4.表示"谷"的英语有:valley和gorge,"涧"有:ravine和gully。我们习惯把"谷"译为:valley,"峡"译为:gorge。例如:锦秀谷:theBrocadeEmbroideryValley/theBeautifulValley,三峡(长江):theThreeGorges。第17页/共51页5.

"河"译为:river,"湖":lake,"溪":stream,brook,"水库":reservoir,"潭":pool(面积小而深),"池":pond(面积大而浅)。例如:赣江:theGanRiver,抚河:theFuheRiver,鄱阳湖:LakePoyang/thePoyangLake,仙女湖:theFairyMaidenLake,青山湖:theQingshanLake,艾溪湖:theAixiLake,拓林水库:theZhelinReservoir,乌龙潭:theBlackDragonPool,大天池:theBigHeavenlyPool.养鱼池:fishpond。第18页/共51页6."洞"译为:cave(山洞),hole(地面洞眼),hollow(地面洼地、坑)。例如:仙人洞:theImmortals’Cave,龙宫洞:theDragonPalaceCave,狮子洞:theLion’sCave,孽龙洞:theRebellionsDragonCave。"泉"译为:spring而"瀑布":waterfall。例如:聪明泉:theIntelligent/CleverSpring,三叠泉:theThree-Folded/Level/StepWaterfall,秀峯瀑布:theBeautifulPeakWaterfall,仙女瀑布:theWaterfallattheFairyMaidenPool,彩虹瀑布:theRainbowWaterfall。第19页/共51页7.神龟翘首:theTortoiseRaisingItsHead,雄师回头:theLionLookingBack,含鄱口:theHanpoPass,庐山植物园:LushanBotanicalGarden,三宝树:theThreePreciousTrees,花径:theFloralPath,百花洲:theHundredFlowerIslet,北宋古城墙:theNorthernSongDynastyCityWall,三爪仑:SanzhualunForestPark,老道拜月:theOldTaoistPrayingbeforetheMoon,巨蟒出山:theBigBoaGettingOutofItsCave,三龙云海:theThree-DragonCloudSea,鞋山:theShoe-shapeIsland,国家级候鸟自然保护区:nationalmigratorybirds’preserve/sanctuary。第20页/共51页8.表示"风光/风景"的英文有:scenery,view,scene,sights,landscape。Scenery指广袤的外景,landscape也指广袤的外景。例如:thebeautifulsceneryoftheEnglishLakes(英国湖泊之美景),southern/northernscenery/landscape(南方/北方风光),ruralscenery/landscape(田园风光)。View指从某远处看的小景,如从窗口往外看的景,scene也指从某远处看的小景,但是它往往包含人和运动。例如:afineviewoftheriver(小河一瞥),ahappysceneofchildrenplayinginthegarden(一些小孩在花园玩耍的快乐景象)。而sights则指值得一看的景象。例如:toseethesightsofLondon(游览伦敦风光)。第21页/共51页9.风景点/区译为:scenicspot/attraction/sights/beauty,名胜古迹:placesofhistoricalinterestsandscenicbeauty/scenicspotsandhistoricalsites,名山大川:famousmountainsandgreatrivers,避暑胜地:summerresort,青山绿水:greenmountainsandbluewaters/picturesquescenery,风光旖旎:acharming/enchantinglandscape,锦绣河山:alandofsplendors/alandofcharmandbeauty,古雅幽静:tastefulandquiet,钟灵毓秀:pregnantwithbeautyandproductiveoftalents,鱼米之乡:alandwithplentifulfood/offishandrice,物华天宝,人杰地灵:apromisedlandabundantinsubstanceandoutstandinginproducingtalentedfigures,神仙所都:thecapitalofGods/immortals,人间福地:aparadise/promisedlandontheearth。第22页/共51页落霞与孤鹜齐飞,秋水共长天一色:Thesinglewildduckisflyingalongwiththesettingsun,OnecannottellthecoloroftheAutumnwatersfromthatofthesky.飞时遮蔽云和日,落时不见湖边草:Whenflying,thebirdshidethecloudsandsun,Whenlandingtheycoverthegrassylakeshore.井冈山下后,万岭不思游:AftervisitingtheJinggangMountains,Ihavenodesiretotourothermountains.第23页/共51页假如我们从空中俯瞰灵山,灵山象一条翻腾的巨龙,在那犹如滚滚波涛的绿色大地上露出强健的脊梁。这是“国内罕见的地质奇观—中华大地上巨龙的脊梁”。IfwelookdownattheLingshanMountainfromtheair,sheislikeaseethingChinesedragon,showingherstrongandhealthybacklyingontherollingwave-likegreenearth.Thisistheraregeologicwonder---thegreatdragonbackinChina.第24页/共51页三、古色游古色游包含江西的名胜古迹,几千年来的文化积淀和人民智慧的结晶。要译出景点的自然神韵、历史沿革、文化底蕴和传奇色彩,即:"神化",让游客情不自禁地进入这幅美丽的画卷中。1.阁、宫、殿、楼、亭、塔、书院、寺、庙、宗、祠、纪念堂/馆、博物馆、旧址、旧居、墓、牌坊、碑、题词、题诗。第25页/共51页表示"阁"、"楼"的英文有:pavilion,building,"宫":palace,"殿":hall,"亭":summerpalace,kiosk。例如:滕王阁:theTengwangPavilion,龙珠阁:theDragonPearlPavilion,八镜台:theBajingPavilion,浔阳楼:theXunyangPavilion,烟水亭:theMistandWaterPavilion;西山万寿宫:theWest-hillLongevityPalace,三清宫:theSanqingPalace;天师殿:theHeavenlyMaster’sHall;牡丹亭:thePeonySummerPalace/Kiosk,花经亭:theFloralPathSummerPalace/Kiosk。第26页/共51页表示"塔"的英文有:pagoda(若干层的佛塔),dagoba(佛教的舍利子塔),tower(独立高建筑或金属高塔)。例如:绳金塔:theShengjinPagoda,白塔(北京北海公园):theWhiteDagoba,电视发射塔:TVtower。表示"书院"的英文有:academy,"寺、庙、宗祠":monastery和temple,"纪念堂/馆":memorialhall,"愽物馆":museum。例如:白鹿洞书院:theWhiteDearCaveAcademy,铅山书院:theYianshanAcademy,白鹭洲书院:theWhiteHeronIsletAcademy;东林寺:theEastForestMonastery/Temple,青原山净居寺:theJingjuMonastery/TempleintheQingyuanMountain,文氏宗祠:theWen’sTemple;文天祥纪念馆:theMemorialHalltoWenTianxiang,王安石纪念馆:theMemorialHalltoWangAnshi,八大山人纪念馆:theMemorialHalltoBadashanren/BadshanrenMuseum,陶渊明纪念馆:theMemorialHalltoTaoYuanming;革命博物馆:theRevolutionMuseum。第27页/共51页表示"旧址"的英文:site,"旧居":residence,"墓":tomb,grave.例如:吉州古窑址:theAncientKilnsSiteinJizhou,湖田古窑址:theAncientKilnsSiteatHutian;朱德旧居:ZhuDe’sResidence;汤显祖墓:theTomb/GraveofTangXianzu,皇姑墓:theEmperor’sSister’sTomb/Grave,岳母墓:theYueFei’sMother’sTomb/Grave,古崖墓群:theAncientCliffTombs/Graves。"牌坊"、"山门"译为:memorialarchway/gateway,"碑":monument,tablet,stele,"题词":inscription。例如:流坑村牌坊:theMemorialGateways/ArchwaysinLiukengVillage,西山万寿宫山门:theGatewayoftheWest-hillLongevityPalace,八一起义纪念碑:theMonumenttotheAugust1NanchangUprising,碑林:theForestofSteles,康熙皇帝手书"秀峰寺"EmperorKangxi’sHandwritingStele:"XiufengMonastery",历代摩岩石刻:theMoStoneInscriptionsbyPastGreatMenofLetters.第28页/共51页

2.题西林壁苏轼横看成嶺侧成峯,远近高低各不同。不识庐山真面目,只缘身在此山中。Thissidearangeofhillsandthereapeak,Fromdifferentvantagepoints,adifferentmountain.TomeitisnotgiventoknowtherealfaceofLushan,BecauseIamuponit.第29页/共51页在这首诗中,译者把中诗的中心意思:庐山峰峦起伏,云烟缭绕,变化多姿的景色和诗人身处山中,难于把握庐山的完整形象,不易看清其真实面目这种感情都译出来了。但是其平仄韵律和韵脚,就无法反映出来。译文的字数对仗也没法表现出来。望庐山瀑布李白日照香炉生紫烟,遥看瀑布挂前川。飞流直下三千尺,疑是银河落九天。第30页/共51页WatchingtheWaterfallatLushanLiBaiInsunshineCenserPeakbreathespurplevapor,Faroffhangsthecataract,astreamupended;Downitcascadesasheerthreethousandfeet---AsiftheSilverRiverwerefallingfromHeaven!第31页/共51页译文将中诗中那幅奇特,气势磅礴,富有浪漫主义色彩的景象描绘得惟妙惟肖:首先是一座顶天立地的香炉山,冉冉地升起了团团白烟,缥缈于青山蓝天之间,在红日的照射下化成一片紫色的云霞展现在译入语受者的眼前。在第一行中,译者巧妙地用了拟人法“breathes”,变静为动,赋予了香炉峰生命,从而加深了该奇景的感染力。第二行化动为静,用倒装“Faroffhangsthecataract…”表现出倾泻的瀑布的形象:一条巨大的白练高挂于山川之间。第三行中,译者又巧妙地用了“sheer”这个词,表示该“飞流”的壮观。在最后一行中,译者更是采用大写“SilverRiver”来引起译文受者的注意,并选用了虚拟句给译文受者以想象的空间。尽管韵律,韵脚和“九天”未能译出,但中诗的中心和风格都已较好的表现,不愧为佳作。第32页/共51页十八罗汉罗汉是梵语音译“阿罗汉”的简称,小乘佛教修行四果位之最高果位。佛教传说原来只有十六位罗汉,均为释迦牟尼弟子,遵佛祖旨意永住人间,弘扬佛法,利益众生。18ArhatsLohanisthetransliterationofthesimplenameofArhatinSanskrit.ItisthehighestfruitionamongthefourfruitionsofpracticeinTheravadaBuddhism.Itissaidthatthere16LohansinBuddhism.TheyareallthedisciplesofSakyamuniandtheyfollowBuddha’sdecree,livingamongthepeopleontheearth,developingBuddhismandbenefitingthepeople.第33页/共51页四、红色游江西是革命老区。在第二次国内革命战争(1927-1937)期间,中国共产党领导人民在江西开辟了农村革命根据地,实行了土地改革,建立了人民军队,成立了工农民主政府,多次粉碎了国民党反动派的“围剿”。在这片红土地上,处处留下了我党早期革命斗争的踪迹。近年来,这些旧址已变为旅游的一大靓点,吸引着大批海内外游人。我们应该原汁原味地反映这些斗争史,规范有关红色游的翻译。第34页/共51页1.与"八一南昌起义"有关的地名、标语、题词等。牵涉到"八一"的可以译为:"Bayi",但是最好译为:"August1",因为后者赋予了这个术语意思。例如:八一军旗:theAugust1ArmyFlag,八一起义纪念塔:theMonumenttotheAugust1Uprising,八一起义纪念馆:theAugust1UprisingMuseum,八一广场:theAugust1Square,八一大道:theAugust1Avenue,八一大桥:theAugust1Bridge,八一公园:theAugust1Park,八一起义总指挥部:theHeadquartersoftheAugust1Uprising,军官教育团旧址:theSiteofOfficers’TrainingCorps,铁军:IronContingent,第35页/共51页领导起义的中共前敌委员会:theCPCFrontCommitteeoftheUprising,国共合作:acooperationbetweentheCommunistPartyandNationalistForces,北伐战争:theNorthernExpedition,打倒军阀:DownwiththeWarlords!江泽民的题词:"军旗升起的地方":PresidentJiangZemin’sInscription:theSacredPlaceWheretheArmyFlagRose.第36页/共51页起义部队打响了武装反抗国民党反动派的第一枪,从此诞生了一支由中国共产党独立领导的人民军队:TheuprisingtroopsfiredthefirstshotagainsttheKuomintangreactionaries,thusgivingbirthtotheestablishmentofthepeople’sarmyundertheleadershipoftheChineseCommunistPartyalone.

第37页/共51页革命委员会于1927年8月1日提出了建立新的革命根据地,继续不妥协地反帝反封建,打倒新旧军阀,实行土地革命,维护工农利益的奋斗任务:OnAugust1,1927,therevolutionarycommitteeputforwarditstasks:tosetupnewrevolutionarybaseareas,continuetheuncompromisingstruggleagainstimperialismandfeudalism,putdowntheoldandnewwarlords,carryoutlandreformandprotecttheinterestsoftheworkersandpeasants.第38页/共51页2.与井冈山斗争和瑞金有关的地名、标语、题词等。中国工农红军:theChineseWorker-PeasantRedArmy,五大哨口:theFiveGreatPasses,黄洋界保卫战:theDefenseBattleofHuangyangjiePass,北山烈士陵园:theNorth-HillMartyrs’Cemetery,红军医院:theRedArmyHospital,大井:theBigWellVillage,小井:theSmallWellVillage,八角楼:theOctagonalBuilding,红色故都---瑞金:theRedCapital---Ruijin,会师:joinforces,反"围剿":theCampaignsofAnti-Encirclement-and-Suppression,第39页/共51页八角帽:theOctagonalCap,红军八角礼堂:theRedArmy’sOctagonalAuditorium,红军检阅台:theRedArmyReviewingStand,红军烈士纪念塔:the(Memorial)MonumenttotheRedArmyMartyrs,第二次国内革命战争:theSecondRevolutionaryCivilWar,中华苏维埃共和国临时中央政府:theTemporaryCentralGovernmentofSoviet-typeRepublicofChina,红军万岁:LongLivetheRedArmy!星星之火,可以燎原!:Asinglesparkcanstartaprairiefire!革命烈士永垂不朽!:EternalGlorytotheRevolutionaryMartyrs!第40页/共51页中国革命摇篮井冈山:theJinggangMountains,theCradleoftheChineseRevolution,《中国红色政权为什么能够存在?》WhyIsItThatRedPoliticalPowerCanExistinChina?:建立农村革命根据地,以农村包围城市,最后夺取城市:tobuildupbasesinthecountrysideandseizethecitiesbyagradualprocessofencirclement

吃水不忘挖井人,时刻想念毛主席:Weneverforgetthewell-diggerwhiledrinkingthewater,AndalwaysmissChairmanMaowhileenjoyingthetaste.第41页/共51页井冈山精神:坚定不移的理想信念,实事求是的思想路线,党管武装的基本原则,血肉相联的干群关系,艰苦奋斗的创业精神:TheJinggangMountainsSpirit:Anunshakableidealandbelief,apracticalandrealisticthinkingroute,aprincipleoftheParty’scontroloverthearmy,theflesh-and-bloodtiesbetweenthecadresandmassesandapioneeringspiritofhardstruggleandplainliving.第42页/共51页三大纪律八项注意:TheThreeMainRulesofDisciplinesandEightPointsforAttention.游击战术:敌进我退,敌驻我扰,敌疲我打,敌退我追:GuerillaTactics:theenemyadvances,weretreat;theenemycamps,weharass;theenemytires,weattack;theenemyretreats,wepursue.

第43页/共51页山下旌旗在望,山头鼓角相闻。敌军围困万千重,我自岿然不动。早已森严壁垒,更加众志成城。黄洋界上炮声隆,报道敌军宵遁。第44页/共51页Belowthehillsflyourflagsandbanners,Abovethehillto

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