2023湖北高考英语试题及答案

绝密☆启用前2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖北卷)英语本试题卷共16页，81题。全卷总分值150分。考试用时120分钟。考前须知：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用统一提供的2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。2.选择题的作答：每题选出答案后，用统一提供的2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.完成句子和短文写作题的作答：用统一提供的签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一局部：听力〔共两节，总分值30分〕做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后。你将有两分钟的时间将卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节〔共5小题：每题1.5分，总分值7.5分〕听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有15秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?£19.15B.£9.15C.£9.18答案：B1.WhatdoesTomplantodonextweek?A.Tomakearobot.B.ToenteracompetitionC.Tosurprisethewoman.2.听第7段材料，答复第8、9题。8.Howdidthemancometotheplace?A.Bycar.B.OnfootC.Bytrain.9.Whyisthemanhere？A.Tohaveaninterview.B.Todiscusstrafficproblem.C.Tosharehisworkexperience.听第8段材料，答复第10至12题。10.Wherearethespeakers?A.InabankB.OnalakeC.Atahotel.11.WhydoesDavid’sfatherwanttospendChristmasinthecountryside?A.Hecanenjoythelakeview.B.Hecanbefreedfromhousework.C.Hecanhavesomepeaceandquiet.12.WhyisDavidunhappy?A.Hecan’tattendtheparty.B.Heisn’tallowedtoskate.C.Hehastocookforhisparents.听第9段材料，答复第13至16题。13.HowdoesStevendescribehismusic?A.It’shardrock.B.It’sfolkmusicC.It’smodernpop.14.WhydoesStevenloveAustralianaudiences?A.Theyneverthrowthingsathim.B.Theybuymoreofhisrecords.C.Theyaremorefriendly.15.What’sSteven’sattitudetowardspeopledownloadinghismusic?A.Hedoesn’tmindB.Hefeelsupset.C.Heispuzzled.16.WhatadvicedoesStevengivetosongwriters?A.Listentomoremusic.B.Sticktotheirownstyle.C.MakeuseoftheInternet.听第10段材料，答复第17至20题。17.Whichcanbestdescribeatensionheadache?A.Itoccursrepeatedly.B.Itlastsoveramonth.C.Itcausesseverepain.18.Whichisasymptomoftensionheadaches?A.Lossofconsciousness.B.Increasedbloodpressure.C.Apainatthebackthehead.19.Whichisthecauseofreboundheadaches?A.Stressfulevents.B.TensioninthemusclesC.Toomuchuseofpainmedicine.20.Whyisaheadachediaryhelpfulforthetreatment?A.Ithelpsonefindthecauseofhisheadaches.B.Itremindsonetotakemedicineontime.C.Ithelpsremoveconstantpain.听力答案：BABCCBBAACCAACABACCA第二局部：词汇知识运用〔共两节，总分值30分〕第一节：多项选择〔共10小题；每题1分，总分值10分〕从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：Tomakemembersofateamperformbetter,thetrainerfirstofallhastoknowtheir______andweaknesses.A.strengthsB.benefitsC.techniquesD.values答案：A21.Whenhewasrunningafterhisbrother,theboylosthis________andhadabadfall. A.balance B.chance C.memoryD.place22.Hegavehimselfanewnametohidehis________whenhewenttocarryoutthesecrettask. A.emotion B.talent C.identityD.treasure23.Theteamareworkinghardto________theproblemsothattheycanfindthebestsolution. A.face B.prevent C.raise D.analyze24.Inordernottobeheard,shepointedherfingerupwardsto________thatsomeonewasmovingaboutupstairs. A.whisperB.signal C.declare D.complain25.Thereisnodoubtthatthiscandidate’sadvantage________hisabilitytocommunicatewithforeignersinEnglish. A.leavesoutB.goesagainst C.liesin D.makesup26.Don’tworry.I’msureyourmissingglasseswill________soonerorlater A.standoutB.breakup C.getout D.turnup27.Eventhoughtheconferencehallisnearhisapartment,hehastohurryalittleifhewantstobe________. A.AccurateB.punctualC.efficient D.reasonable28.Idon’tthinkwhathesaidis________tothetopicwearediscussing.Hehasmissedthepoint. A.faithful B.parallel C.relevant D.similar29.Thegirlusedtobeshy,butis________gettingactiveingroupworkandismorewillingtoexpressherself. A.graduallyB.usually C.previously D.merely30.Thismeetingroomisanon-smokingarea.Iwouldliketowarnyou________thatifyousmokedhereyouwouldbefined. A.inadvanceB.indetail C.intotalD.ingeneral第二节：完形填空〔共20小题；每题1分，总分值20分〕阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项〔A,B,C和D〕中选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“DailyStar,sir.〞CalledJason,carryingsomenewspaperunderhisarm.Thelittleboyhadbeenrunningupanddownthestreet,buttherewerestilltwenty___31__left.Hisvoicewasalmostgoneandhisheartwas___32_.Theshopwouldsoonclose,andallthepeoplewouldgohome.Hewouldhavetogohometoo,carryingthepapers___33___money.Hehadhopedtosellmorepaperstonighttomakemoremoneytobuya__34____forhismotherandsomeseedsforhisbird.Thatwaswhyhehadboughtthepaperswithallhismoney.He__35___ashethoughtofhisfailuretosellallhispapers.“Youdon’tknowthe____36___ofsellingpapers.Youmustshout“Hotnews!Bombbursting!〞anothernewsboyChadtoldJason.“___37___it’snotinthepaperatall,〞repliedJason.“Justrunawayquickly__38___theyhavetimetosee,andyou’ll___39___outandgetyourmoney.〞Chadsaid.Itwasanew__40___toJason.Hethoughtofhisbirdwithno___41__andthecakehewantedtobuyforhismother,butwas___42___thathewouldnottellalie.Thoughhewas__43___apoornewsboy,hehadbeen___44___somegoodthings.ThenextafternoonJasonwenttotheofficeforhispapers____45___.SeveralboyswerecrowdingaroundChad,whodeclaredwitha___46___smilethathesoldsixdozenthedaybefore.HeaddedthatJason___47_Moneybecausehewouldnottellalie.Theboys___48___Jason.“Youwouldn’ttellalieyesterday,myboy?〞AgentlemanattheofficecameupandpattedJason’sshoulder__49____.“You’rejusttheboyIamlookingfor.〞AweeklaterJasonstartedhisnew__50__.Helostthesaleoftwentypapersbecausehewouldnottellalie,butgotawell-paidjobbecausehetoldthetruth.31.A.shopsB.coinsC.people D.papers32.A.openB.heavyC.pure D.weak33.A.insteadofB.inreturnforC.regardlessofD.inexchangefor34.A.cupB.cardC.comb D.cake35.A.gaveinB.brokedownC.gotawayD.showedup36.A.difficultyB.processC.goal D.secret37.A.AndB.ButC.For D.so38.A.before B.sinceC.though D.unless39.A.call B.dropC.sell D.reach40.A.edition B.ideaC.policy D.task41.A.bread B.insectsC.seeds D.water42.A.concerned B.amazedC.excited D.determined43.A.still B.alreadyC.just D.also44.A.taught B.handedC.awarded D.allow45.A.atonce B.bychanceC.asusual D.onpurpose46.A.proud B.gentleC.warm D.polite47.A.borrowed B.lostC.made D.saved48.A.laughed B.shoutedC.nodded D.saved49.A.bravely B.gratefullyC.fondly D.modestly50.A.duty B.businessC.job D.method第三局部：阅读理解〔共20小题；每题2分，总分值40分〕阅读以下短文，从没篇短文后所给各题的四个选项〔A、B、C和D〕中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A“Iseeyou’vegotabitofwateronyourcoat〞saidthemanatthepetrolstation.“Isisrainingoutthere?〞“No,it’sprettynice,〞Ireplied,checkingmysleeve.“Oh,right.Apony(马驹)bitmeearlier.〞Asithappened,thebitewasvirtuallypainless:morethekindofsmallbiteyoumightgetfromanaughtychild.TheponyresponsiblewasqueuingupforsomeicecreaminthecarparknearHaytor,andperhapsthoughtI’djumpedinaheadofhim.ThereasonwhytheponiesherearenaughtyisthatHaytoristourist-heavyareaandtouristsareconstantlyfeedingtheponiesfoods,despitesignsaskingthemnotto.Byfeedingtheponies,touristsincreasetheriskofthemgettinghitbyacar,andmakethemhardertogatherduringthearea’sannualponydrift(迁移).Thepurposeofaponydriftistogatherthemupsotheirhealthcanbechecked,thebabyonescanbestoppedfromfeedingontheirmothers’milk,andthosewho’vegonebeyondtheirlimitedareacanbereturnedtotheircorrectarea.Someofthemarealsolatersold,inordertolimitthenumberofponiesaccordingtotherulessetbyNaturalEngland.Threeweeksago,iwitnessedasmallnear-disasterafewmileswestofhere.Whilewalking,Inoticedaponyrolloveronhisback.“Hello!〞Isaidtohim,assuminghewasjustrollingforfun,buthewasverystilland,asIgotcloser,Isawhimkickinghislegsintheairandbreathingheavily.Ibegantoproperlyworryabouthim.Fortunately,ImanagedtogetintouchwithaDartmoor’sLivestockProtectionofficeransendheraphoto.Theofficerimmediatelysentalocalfarmerouttocheckonthepony.Theponyhadactuallybeentrappedbetweentworocks.Thefarmerfreedhim,andhebegantorunhappilyaroundagain.Dartmoorhas1,000orsoponies,whoplayacriticalroleincreatingthediversityofspeciesinthisarea.Manypeopleareworkinghardtopreservetheseponies,andtryingtocomeupwithplanstofindasustainable(可持续的)futureforoneofDartmoor’smostfinancially-troubledelements.51.Whyretouristsaskednottofeedtheponies?A.Toprotectthetouristsfrombeingbitten.B.Tokeeptheponiesoffthepetrolstation.C.Toavoidputtingtheponiesindanger.D.Topreventtheponiesfromfighting.52.Oneofthepurposesoftheannualponydriftis_______.A.tofeedbabyponiesonmilkB.TocontrolthenumberofponiesC.toexpandthehabitatforponiesD.toselltheponiesatagoodprice53.Whatwastheauthor’sfirstreactionwhenhesawaponyrollonitsback?A.HefreeditfromthetrapB.Hecalledaprotectionofficer.C.Heworriedaboutitverymuch.D.Hethoughtofitasbeingnaughty.54.WhatdoestheauthorimplyaboutthepreservationofDartmoor’sponies?A.Itlackspeople’sinvolvement.B.Itcostsalargeamountofmoney.C.ItwillaffecttourisminDartmoor.D.Ithascausedanimbalanceofspecies.BWhatTheresaLoeisdoingprovesalargefarmisn’taprerequisiteforamoderngrow-our-ownlifestyle.Onamere1/10ofanacreinLosAngeles,Loeandherfamilygrow,can(装罐)andpreservemuchofthefoodtheyconsume.Loeisamasterfoodpreserver,gardenerandcanningexpert.Shealsooperatesawebsite,wheresheshareshertipsandrecipes,withthegoalofdemonstratingthateveryonehastheabilitytocontrolwhat’sontheirplate.Loeinitiallywenttoschooltobecomeanengineer,butshequicklylearnedthatherenthusiasmwasmainlyaboutgrowingandpreparingherownfood.〞Igotintocookingmyownfoodandstartedgrowingmyownherbs(香草)〞andfoodsforthatfreshflavor,〞shesaid.Engineerbyday,Loelearnedcookingatnightschool.Sheultimatelypurchasedasmallpieceoflandwithherhusbandandbegangrowingtheirownfoods.Canningisanaturalextensionoftheplantingshedoes.Witheveryplantedfood.Loenoted,there’samomentwhenit’sburstingwithitsabsolutepeakflavor.“Itryandkeepitinatimecapsuleinacanningjar.〞Loesaid.“Canningformeisaboutknowingwhat’sinyourfood,knowingwhereitcomesfrom.〞Inadditiontobeingmoreintouchwiththefoodshe’seating,anotherjoycomesfrompassingthisknowledgeandthisdesireforgoodfoodtoherchildren:“Influencingthemandtellingthemyouropiniononnotonlybeingcarefulwhatweeatbutunderstandingthebiggerpicture.〞Shesaid,“thatifwedon’ttakecareoftheearth,ononewill.〞55.Theunderlinedword“prerequisite〞(Paragraph1)isclosestinmeaningto“___________〞A.recipeB.substituteC.RequirementD.Challenge56.WhydoesLoesuggeststartingwithherbs?A.TheyareuseddailyB.TheyareeasytogrowC.TheycangrowverytallD.Theycanbeeatenuncooked57.AccordingtoLoe,whatisthebenefitofcanningherplantedfoods?A.ItcanpreservetheirbestflavorB.Itcanpromoteheronlinesales.C.Itcanbetterhercookingskills.D.Itcanimprovetheirnutrition.58.Whatisthe“thebiggerpicture〞(Para.6)thatLoewishesherchildrentounderstand?A.Theknowledgeaboutgoodfood.B.Thewaytoliveagrow-our-ownlifeC.ThejoyofgettingintouchwithfoodsD.Theresponsibilitytoprotectourearth.CHilversumisamedium-sizedcitybetweenthemajorcitiesofAmsterdamandUtrechtintheGooiareaofNorthHolland,theNetherlands.UnlikemostoftheNetherlands,Hilversumisactuallyinahillyareawiththesoilmostlyconsistingofisland.OncecalledtheGardenofAmsterdam,itstillattractstravelerstocomeovertocycleandwalkthroughthesurroundingforest.Theyvisititforarelaxingdayofffromtheurbanmadness.ForDutchpeople,Hilversumisallabouttextile(纺织)andmediaindustries,andmodernarchitecture.Inhistory,Hilversumwaslargelyanagriculturalarea.Dailylifewasmarkedbyfarming,sleepraisingandwoolproduction.ArailwaylinktoAmsterdamis1874attractedrichtradersfromAmsterdamtoHilversum.Theybuiltthemselveslargevilla(别墅)inthewoodedsurroundingsofthetown.OneofthefamiliesmovinginwastheBrenninkmeijers,currentlythewealthiestfamilyoftheNetherlands.TheymovedinafterbigsuccessinthetextileindustryandaidedasubstantialtextileindustryinHilversum.Butthetextileboomlastedonlyseveraldecades.Thelastfactoryclosedinthe1930s.Thechangetoamediaeconomystartedin1920,whentheNederlandseSeintoestellenFabriek(NSF)establishedaradiofactoryinHilversum.Mostradiostationssettledinthelargevillasintheleafyareasofthetown.Televisiongaveanotherpushtothelocaleconomy.HilversumbecamethemediapartoftheNetherlands,andDutchtelevisionstarsmovedintotheleafyneighborhoodssurroundingthetown.Intheearly1900s,modernarchitectsW.M.DudokandJ.DuikerplacedhundredsofremarkablebuildingsinHilversum.Thesemodernarchitecturalmasterpieces(杰作)aresomanythatHilversumalmostfeelslikeanopenairmuscumDudokaloneshapedmostof20thcenturyHilversumandapproximately75buildingsstillbearhisuniquecharacteristics.Hismasterpiece,Hilversumtowerhallwasbuiltin1928-1931.Ithaswideinternationalfameandisincludedinmanyarchitecturetextbooks.Thebuildinghasaremarkableshapeandlookslikeacombinationof“blocks〞.Actually,onemaystarthisjourneyofmodernarchitecturebywalkingofbikingtheW.M.DudokArchitecturalRouteinHilversum.59.HilversumisdifferentfrommostoftheNetherlandsinthat_______.A.ithasalargepopulationB.itiscutofffrombigcitiesC.ithasmanybeautifulgardensD.itisinahillyareawithsandysoil60.WhatwasthegreatestcontributionoftheBrenninkmeijerstoHilversum?A.BuildingarailwaylinktoAmsterdam.B.Helpingitstextileindustrytodevelop.C.Constructinglargevillasforthepoor.D.Assistingitsagriculturalindustry.61.ThebeginningofthemediaindustryinHilversumwasmarkedbytheestablishmentof______.A.aradiofactoryB.themediacapitalC.aradiostationD.aTVstation62.WhatisknownaboutW.M.Dudok’sHilversumTownHall?A.Itconsistsofapproximately75buildings.B.itlookslikeanopenairmuseuminthecity.C.Itisaclassicexampleinarchitecturetextbooks.D.Ithasshapedmostof20thcenturyHilversum.DTheoddnessoflifeinspaceneverquitegoesaway.Herearesomeexamples.Firstconsidersomethingassimpleassleep.Itspositionpresentsitsownchallenges.Themainquestioniswhetheryouwantyourarmsinsideoroutsidethesleepingbag.Ifyouleaveyourarmout,theyfloatfreeinzerogravity,oftengivingasleepingastronautthelookofafunnyballet(芭蕾)dancer.“I’maninsideguy,〞MikeHopkinssays,whoreturnedfromasix-monthtourontheInternationalSpaceStation.“Iliketobewrappedup.〞Onthestation,theordinarybecomesstrange.TheexercisebikefortheAmericanastronautshasnohandlebars.Italsohasnoseat.Withnogravity,it’sjustaseasytopedalviolently.Youcanwatchamoviewhileyoupedalbyfloatingamicrocomputeranywhereyouwant.Butstationresidentshavetobecarefulaboutstayinginoneplacetoolong.Withoutgravitytohelpcirculateair,thecarbondioxideyouexhale(呼吸)hasatendencytoformaninvisible(隐形的)cloudaroundyourhead.Youcanendupwithwhatastronautscallacarbon-dioxideheadache.LeroyChiao,54,anAmericanretiredastronautafterfourflightsdescribeswhathappensevenbeforeyoufloatoutofyourseat.“Yourinnerearthinksyou’refalling.Meanwhileyoureyesaretellingyouyou’restandingstraight.Thatcanbeannoying-that’swhysomepeoplefeelsick.〞Withinacoupleofdays—trulyterribledaysforsome-astronauts’brainslearntoignorethepanickysignalsfromtheinnerear,andspacesicknessdisappears.Spacetravelcanbesodelightfulbutatthesametimeinvisiblydangerous.Forinstance,astronautslosebonemass.That’swhyexerciseisconsideredsovitalthatNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)putsitrightontheworkdayschedule.Thefocusonfitnessisasmuchaboutscienceandthefutureasitisaboutkeepinganyindividualastronauthealthy.NASAisworriedabouttwothings:recoverytimeonceastronautsreturnhome,and,moreimportantly,howtomaintainstrengthandfitnessforthetwoandahalfyearsormorethatitwouldtaketomakearound-triptoMars.63.Whatisthemajorchallengetoastronautswhentheysleepinspace?A.Decidingonapropersleepposition.B.Choosingacomfortablesleepingbag.C.Seekingawaytofallasleepquickly.D.Findingarighttimetogotosleep.64.Theastronautswillsufferfromacarbon-dioxideheadachewhen______.A.theycirclearoundontheirbikesB.theyusemicrocomputerswithoutastopC.theyexerciseinoneplaceforalongtimeD.theywatchamoviewhilepedaling65.Someastronautsfeelsickonthestationduringthefirstfewdaysbecause_______.A.theirsensesstopworkingB.theyhavetostandupstraightC.theyfloatoutoftheirseatsunexpectedlyD.theirbrainsreceivecontradictorymessages66.OneofNASA’smajorconcernsaboutastronautsis______.A.howmuchexercisetheydoonthestationB.howtheycanremainhealthyforlonginspaceC.whethertheycanrecoverafterreturninghomeD.whethertheyareabletogobacktothestationESciencehasalotofuses.Itcanuncoverlawsofnature,curedisease,makebombs,andhelpbridgestostandup.Indeedscienceissogoodatwhatitdoesthatthere’salwaysatemptation(诱惑)todragitintoproblemswhereitmaynotbehelpful.DavidBrooks,authorofTheSocialAnimal,TheHiddenSourcesofLove,Character,andAchievement,appearstobethelatestinalonglineofwriterswhohavefailedtoresitthetemptation.Brooksgainedfameforseveralbooks.HislatestbookTheSocialAnimal,however,ismoreambitiousandseriousthanhisearlierbooks.Itisanattempttodealwithasetofweightytopics.Thebookfocusesonbigquestions:whathassciencerevealedabouthumannature?Whatarethesourcesofcharacter?Andwhyaresomepeoplehappyandsuccessfulwhileothersaren’t?Toanswerthesequestions,Brookssurveysawiderangeofdisciplines(学科).Consideringthis,youmightexpectthebooktobeadryrecitationoffacts.ButBrookshasstructuredhisbookinanunorthodox(非常规的),andperhapsunfortunate,way.Insteadofintroducingscientifictheories,hetellsastory,withinwhichhetriestomakehispoints,perhapsinordertokeepthereader’sattention.SoasHaroldandErica,theheroandheroineinhisstory,livethroughchildhood,wehearaboutthescienceofchilddevelopment,andastheybegintodatewehearaboutthetheoryofsexualattraction.Brookscarriesthisthroughtothedeathofoneofhischaracters.Onthewhole,Brooks’storyisacceptableifuninspired.Asonewouldexpect,hiswritingismostlyclearand,tobefair,somechaptersstandoutabovetherest.Ienjoyed,forinstance,thechapterinwhichHarolddiscovershowtothinkonhisown.WhileHaroldandEricaarecertainlynotstrongormemorablecharacters,themoreseriousproblemswithTheSocialAnimallieelsewhere.TheseproblemspartlyinvolveBrooks’sattempttotranslatehistaleintoscience.Theauthormentionsthefunctionsofscienceatthebeginningofthepassageto_________.illustratewheresciencecanbeapplied.demonstratethevalueofBrooks’snewbook.remindthereadersoftheimportanceofscience.explainwhymanywritersusescienceintheirworksAccordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingcouldbeastrengthofthebook?itsstrongbasis.itsconvincingpoints.itsclearwritingitsmemorablecharactersWhatistheauthor’sgeneralattitudetowardsthebook?A,contradictoryB.SupportiveC.CautiousD.CriticalWhatistheauthorlikelytowriteaboutafterthelastparagraph?ProblemswiththebookBrooks’slifeexperienceDeathofthecharactersBrooks’stranslationskills.第四局部：书面表达〔共两节，总分值50分〕第一节：完成句子〔共10小题；每题2分，总分值20分〕阅读以下各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。例：______wasthattheyoungplayerperformedextremelywellinthetabletennistournament.(delight)令球迷欣喜的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为出色。答案：Whatdelightedthefans/madethefansdelightedIfshehadbeenawarethatthemushroomswerepoisonous,shethemfordinner.(pick)要是她知道这些蘑菇有毒，她就不会采来做晚饭了。thebeefbeingcookedonthestove,themotherpicturedthewholefamilyhavingmealstogether.(look)看着炉子上炖着的牛肉，妈妈想象着一家人在一起吃饭的画面.Thedirector，adorm-roomintheFilmAcademy,hasalreadymadefourfilms.(share)这位导演已经执导了四部影片，在电影学院求学时杰克〔Jack〕与他同住一间寝室。Intothecompletesilenceofthewaitingclass“Goodmorning,children.〞(come)在全班同学静静的等待中传来了老师甜甜的嗓音:“孩子们，早上好.〞willnotmakeanydifferencetoourarrangements.(say)无论她说什么都不会对我们的安排有影响。Wemustactasquicklyaspossiblenow.Justtellusthetaskornot.(undertake)现在