河南省许平汝部分学校2022-2023学年高三下学期4月期中英语试题（原卷版）

英语(考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分)注意事项：1.本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.8:30.B.9:00.C.9:30.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipofthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Husbandandwife.C.Teacherandstudent.3.Howoftendoesthemanplayfootball?A.Everyweek.B.Everyfivedays.C.Everyotherweek.4.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Practicingrolling.B.Playingping-pong.C.Teachingcooking.5.Howdidthewomanprobablyfeellastnight?A.Excited.B.Nervous.C.Surprised.第二节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.HowmanybusestoManchesterarethereeveryday?A.4.B.5.C.6.7.WhenwillthewomannormallygettoManchester?A.10:30.B.11:00.C.12:30.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whyhasn’tthemangonetoseethemovie?A.Hedoesn’tlikeitatall.B.Hehashearditisnotsogoodasadvertised.C.Hethinksitisdifficulttounderstand.9.Whatinthemovieimpressedthewoman?A.Absorbingplot.B.Well-knownactors.C.JimRodgers’actingability.10.Whatwillthemandonext?A.LearnmoreaboutJimRodgers.B.Checktheboxoffice.C.Seethemovie.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WherewillthemanstayinWales?A.Inacottage.B.Inthemountain.C.Nearthebeach.12.What’stheweatherlikeinthebeach?A.Hot.B.Rainy.C.Windy.13.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Holidayplans.B.Ruralandcitylife.C.SceneryinWales.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatdoesthemando?A.Arepairman.B.Aproducer.C.Anafter-salesman.15.Whendidthewomanbuythefan?A.Halfamonthago.B.Within14days.C.Today.16Howwillthewomandealwiththefanfinally?A.Bringitbackanotherday.B.Continueusingitathome.C.Returnitsuccessfully.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatdoesFIRSTinclude?A.FIRSTLEGOprograms.B.FIRSTRoboticsCompetition.C.FIRSTSTEMLeague.18.WhatisFIRSTTechChallengeaimedat?A.Solvingtheissuesfacingtheworldtoday.B.Developingfutureleadersandinnovators.C.GettingstudentsinvolvedinSTEMdisciplinesearly.19.Whoistargetedaudience?A.Pre-Kto12students.B.Thenewinnovators.C.Highschoolparticipants.20.Onwhatoccasionisthespeakermakingthespeech?A.Anopeningceremony.B.Agraduationceremony.C.Awelcomingparty.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ALatestFitnessIndustryStatisticsHowbigisthefitnessindustry?Totalindustryreceiptwasestimatedtobe$54.2bnin2021,downfrom$96.7bnin2019.Isthefitnessindustrygrowing?Inreceiptterms,thisrepresentsa44%orsodecreasetotheoverallindustry.However,sectors(行业)withinit(e.g.onlinetraining,homeequipment)haveexperienceddramaticgrowth.Willthistrendcontinue?No,theindustryisalreadyreboundingfromrecentglobaleventsandtherearepositivegreatsignalsthatitwillcontinuetogrowoverthelongterm.HEALTHCLUBS►Thereareapproximately201,000healthclubsaroundtheworld.►TheU.S.hasthemostclubsat32,269,followedbyBrazilwith29,525.►Thereareover7,000gymsintheUK.►However,thisdataislimitedtohealthclubsonly.Itdoesn’taccountforboutiquestudios,communityrecreationfacilities,orgymslocatedinothervenuessuchashotels.CurrentIndustryTrendsThereareseveralfitnesstrendsthathavebeenconsistentoverrecentyears.Functionaltraining,HIIT,andashifttowardsholisticwellnessalllooksettostayfortheforeseeablefuture.While2021sawanewwaveofdigitaltrends(onlineandvirtualtrainingbothmadethetop10),2022trendsreflectareturntopreviouslypopularactivities.WearabletechreclaimedtheNo.1spot,followedbyhomegyms,outdoorexercise,andfreeweights.Millennials(千禧一代)usefitnessappsmorethanotheragegroups,withwomenusingthemtwiceasmuchasmen.46%wantasmuchquantifiabledataabouttheirhealthaspossible,and54%arelikelytobuyabody-analyzingdevice.1.Whichcountryhasthesecondmosthealthclubs?A.US. B.Brazil. C.UK. D.China.2.Whatisincludedinthenewwaveofdigitaltrendsin2021?A.Wearabletech. B.Homegyms. C.Freeweights. D.Virtualtraining.3.Whatdoweknowaboutmillennials?A.Womenarehealthierthanmen.B.Mostofthemneeddataabouttheirhealth.C.Lessthanhalfofthemtendtouseabody-analyzingdevice.D.Theyusefitnessappsmostcomparedwithotheragegroups.BItallstartedbecauseIheardmymomandhersistertalkingafterdinneroneevening.Myauntworksinanursinghomeandwastellingmymomhowsaditisthatsomeseniorcitizensdon’thavemuchmoneyforsnacksanddrinksfromthevendingmachine.Atthetime,wewerejustfinishingupon9th-gradeyearinschoolandwewere14yearsold.Atthatagesnacksandsodaareabigdeal.Ijustcouldn’timaginenothavingasnackeveryonceinawhile.IdecidedIcouldchangethatbutIwouldneedhelpsoIwenttomyfriend,KendallJoyner,andgothimtohelpme.WedecidedtodoaSeniorCitizenSummerCampthatyearwheremyauntworks.Wehadactivitieseverydayandtheprizesweresnacks!Wehadalotoffunandalotofsupportfromourcommunity.Overthelastcoupleofyears,ourprojecthaschangedalittlebutourmissionhasstayedthesame.Wenowbringold-timecandyandvisitthosewhohavememoryissues.Alotoftheelderlywevisitmayhaveahardtimerememberingthingsthathappenedrecently,buthavenoproblemrememberingthingsthathappeneddecadesago.Theycanremembereatingthecandywebringthem.Theycanrememberwalkingtothestorewiththeirfriends.Theyarealmostalwayshappymemories.Oneofthebestpartsofour“job”islisteningandwatchingthesepeople.Wegettohearincrediblestories.Weseetheirfaceslightupwhentheyhaveapieceofcandythattheyhaven’thadinyears.Wehavepeopleallthetimeaskiftheycanhavesomeextracandytogivetotheirgrandchildren.Theanswerisalwaysyes.Itfeelsgoodtogivesomethingawayandweliketogivethemthatgoodfeeling.4.Whydidtheauthordecidetohelptheseniorcitizenslackingsnacksanddrinks?A.Becauseheunderstoodandfeltsympathyforthem.B.Becausehewantedtohelphisauntoutwithherwork.C.Becausehecouldn’tbearnothavingasnackforamoment.D.Becauseheneededworkexperienceafterfinishinghisschool.5.Howdidtheauthorgivetheseniorcitizensthesnacksatfirst?A.Byofferingthemmoneytobuythemselves.B.Bygivingthemasprizesforactivities.C.Bygivingthemthroughthecommunity.D.Bygivingthemdirectlywhilevisitingthem.6.Whatdidthesnacksanddrinksbringtotheseniorcitizens?A.Reunionwiththeirfriends.B.Improvementofpoormemories.C.Abilitytoshareincrediblestories.D.Recoveryoftheirhighspiritsinlife.7.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.SeniorcitizensrememberhappymemoriesB.SeniorcitizensneedattentionandcompanyC.GivingsomethingawaycreatesgoodfeelingsD.GoodfeelingspassdownfromgenerationtogenerationCAstudyconductedbytheIrishgovernmentrevealsthatuptooneinthreechildrenareconsumingcaffeinated(含咖啡因的)energydrinks,withfrequentconsumptionassociatedwitharangeofhealthandbehaviourproblems.TheBMJOpenpaper,whichanalyzedpreviousdatasets,foundthatbetween3percentand32percentofunder-18sconsumedthedrinksatleastonceaweek.Thosewhoconsumedthesoftdrinksfivetimesaweekweremorelikelytoreportheadaches,sleepproblems,alcoholuse,smoking,irritability,andschoolexclusion.In2019,thegovernmentannounceditwouldbanthesaleofenergydrinkstounder-16s,buttherulenevertookeffect.Leadauthorofthepaper,ClaireKhouja,fromtheUniversityofYork,said,“Whilemoreresearchisneededtotracktheeffectsofenergydrinksonchildrenwhodrinkthem,ourresearchhasuncoveredconsistentevidenceoflinksbetweentheregularconsumptionofthesedrinksandharmfuleffectsonchildren’soverallwell-being.Thesefindingsoffersupportforagovernmentpolicybanningthesaleofenergydrinkstochildren.”Whilecaffeinecanbebeneficial,itdoeshavesomedownsides,particularlyforchildren.“Ifyoutaketoomuchcaffeineonaregularbasisyougetusedtoitandthenonwithdrawalyoucangetaheadache－that’saknownphenomenon,”saysClaire.“Andifyouhavecaffeinebeforebedtime,acertaingroupofthepopulationarelikelytosufferfrominsomnia(失眠)asaresult.Theeffectisusuallygreateronchildrenofalightbodyweightandyoungpeople.”Energydrinkscanalsobecomeaddictiveforchildrenandthey“containlargeamountsofsugarwhicharenotnecessaryforthatagegroup,”Clairewarns.“That’seasilygoingtocontributetotheproblemswealreadyhavewithchildrenandobesity,diabetesandattentiondeficitdisorder.”8.Whatarethepaper’sresultsbasedon?A.Personalmedicalrecords. B.Interviewswithteenagers.C.Analysesofformerdatasets. D.Datacollectedbythegovernment.9.WhathasClaire’sresearchfoundabouttheregularconsumptionofenergydrinks?A.Itsconsistenteffectsonchildren. B.Theurgencyandnecessitytobanit.C.Thereasonsforitsharmfuleffectsonhealth. D.Itsconnectionwithbadeffectsonchildren’shealth.10Whowillbethemostaffectedbythecaffeine?A.Alightcollegesenior. B.Athinhighschoolstudent.C.Aheavymiddle-agedman. D.Astronggymnasticathlete.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Energydrinksmayaffectchildren’shealth. B.EnergydrinksshouldbebannedinIreland.C.Energydrinksbecomeaddictiveforchildren. D.Caffeineoughttoberemovedfromenergydrinks.DExposuretoextremeheatincreasesmalnutrition(营养不良)amongbabiesandyoungchildreninlow-incomecountries,threateningtochangedecadesofprogress,Cornellresearchfinds.Linkingsurveyandweatherdataovermorethan20years,astudyofmorethan32,000WestAfricanchildrenaged3to36monthsfoundthataverageheatexposurehadincreasedtheoccurrenceofslowgrowthfrommalnutritionby12%,andoflowweightby29%.Theresearchersestimatethatiftheaverageglobaltemperaturerises2degrees,whichscientistswarnislikelywithoutsignificantreductionsincarbonemissions(碳排放),theaveragebadeffectofheatexposureongrowthwouldnearlydouble,erasinggainsrecordedduringthestudyperiod(1993to2014).Thefindingsareworrying,theresearcherssaid,becausetemperaturesinWestAfricaarerisingandexpectedtocontinuetodosoforseveraldecades.Andtheeffectsofmalnutritioninearlychildhood,whicharelinkedtohigherdeathratesandtolowereducationandincomesinadulthood,areirreversible.“We’retalkingaboutchildrenataveryyoungagethatwillhavechangesfortherestoftheirlives,sothisispermanentlyaffectingtheirpotential,”saidArielOrtiz-Bobea,associateprofessorintheCornellJebE.BrooksSchoolofPublicPolicy.“Whatwearedoingtoreduceglobalpovertyisbeinggraduallydestroyedbyourlackofactiononclimate.”Moreresearchisneededtodiscoverthedriversofthoseeffectsexactly,whicharemostevidentbetween6and15months,buttheyarelikelynotphysiological(生理的)responsestodirectheat,theresearcherspredicted.Rather,theysuggest,acombinationoffactorsmaybeatworkaschildrentransitionawayfrombreastfeeding(母乳喂养),includingahigherriskofcontractingpathogens(病原体)fromfoodandwater,andlowerconsumptionofproteinfromanimalsources,possiblyduetoextremeheathurtingagriculturalproductivity.12.Whatisthefinalresultofthemalnutritioncausedbyextremeheat?A.Slowgrowthofbabies.B.Lowweightofchildren.C.Socialdecline.D.Lessagriculturalproductivity.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“irreversible”inParagraph4mean?A.Impossibletochange. B.Happeningquickly.C.Notspecialinanyway. D.Difficulttobelieve.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Aresearchof6to15monthsisthemosteffective.B.Malnutritionisadirectphysiologicalresponsetoextremeheat.C.Thereasonsforthemalnutritioncausedbyextremeheatareclear.D.Manyaspectsmayaccountforthemalnutritioncausedbyextremeheat.15.Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanwefindthetext?A.Health. B.Society. C.Education. D.Technology.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenyouthinkaboutcamping,youalwaysassociatecampingwithtentsetupandcampfire,whichisonlyonepartofalargerpicture.___16___Whetheryouareplanninganovernighttripoutdoors,aweekendgetawayorjustadaytrip,youcanlookatthefollowingpopulartypesofcampingtomakeappropriatearrangements.AdventurecampingThisisthetypeofcampingwhichfocusesmostlyonadventures,suchascompetinginaraceormountainbiking.Campinghappensatnightinabasicandminimalistmanner.DrycampingInshort,drycampingreferstocampinginalocationwithnoaccesstonaturalwater,e.g.adesert.___17___Thendrycampingisagoodoption.Pleasenotethatdrycampersmustpreparetheirwatercarefullyinadvance.BackpackingBackpackingallowsyoutolivedeepinthewildernessandissuitablefortheexperiencedtraveler.There’salsosuperlightbackpacking.___18___Whateveritis,backpackingrequiresmuchmorestrengthandeffortsthananovernightcampingtrip.VehiclecampingVehiclecampingreferstotheinvolvementofacertaintypeofvehiclesonyourcampingtrip.___19___Somepeopleprefertobringtheirvehiclesalongformoremobility,butatthesametime,itresultsinheavierluggageandextraweight.Themedcamping___20___Thereisglam-ping,whichmeansattractiveandwealthycamping,festivalcamping,wherealotofpeoplegathertocampandcelebrateanevent,andreenactmentcamping,wherepeoplecanchoosetoliveinacertainhistoricperiodbydressingandactingandrole-playingaccordingtotheera.A.Youmayworryabouttheriskofflashflood.B.Itcanbeabicycle,acar,aboatoramotorhome.C.Backpackersbringasfewcampingitemsaspossible.D.Thereareplentyofcampsitesavailableforyoutochoosefrom.E.Thelasttypeofcampingreferstothewaycampingisorganized.F.Youritemsshouldbesufficienttokeepyoureadyforsuchevents.G.Youmaybeamazedtolearnthere’smorethanonetypeofcamping.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasvisitingsomeoneinthehospital,andthewomanshesharedthe___21___withwasdeafforherwholelife.Shewasaround80yearsoldandhadjusthadastroke(中风).Hersonwasthereforawhilewaitingforherto___22___,butnot30secondsafterheleft,sheopenedhereyes.___23___,shehadnoideahehadbeenthere.Therewas___24___onstaffatthehospitalinthesmalltownwho___25___signlanguage.Herhusbandhadpassedawayandherdaughterdidn’tliveinthestate,soitwasonlyherson___26___totalktoher.Itabsolutelybrokemyhearttothinkofherwakingupandfeeling___27___andunableto___28___.Iwassonervous,___29___tookadeepbreathandwentovertoherandjuststarted___30___.Itoldherthather___31___hadbeenthereandIlearnedallabouttheirfamily.Herfacetotallylit___32___.Shesmiledandmyheartaboutburst!Thenursescameinandhadme___33___herabunchofthings.Irememberjustaskingherifsheneededabedpan(便盆)andahugereliefthatcameoverher.Shecouldn’tevenaskforabedpan!Noone___34___her!Anyway,forthenextmaybeanhourandahalf,Ijusttoldherwhatever___35___Icouldthinkof,stuffabouttraveling,classes,etc.Icamebackto___36___herthenextdaytoo,butthenIhadtogohome(thiswasoutofstate).WhenIleft,Ikissedherheadandshe___37___(fromthestroke)managedtogether___38___intoanI-love-yousign.Ihaveneverfeltso___39___inmywholelife.Thiswas20yearsagoanditstillmakesmecryto___40___.21.A.sign B.room C.story D.disease22.A.getup B.pickup C.showup D.wakeup23A.Ofcourse B.Inshort C.Toconclude D.Aboveall24.A.somebody B.anybody C.nobody D.everybody25.A.liked B.taught C.heard D.knew26.A.beyond B.abroad C.nearby D.indoors27.A.angry- B.fortunate C.lonely D.well28.A.talk B.look C.smile D.breathe29.A.or B.but C.so D.however30.A.speaking B.waving C.shaking D.signing31.A.husband B.son C.doctor D.daughter32.A.offBon B.on C.away D.up33.A.ask B.help C.write D.tell34.A.understood B.visited C.comforted D.treated35.A.treatments B.alternatives; C.stories D.means36A.encourage B.tend C.visit D.treated37.A.happily B.slowly C.hardly D.carefully38.A.hands B.body C.face D.feet39.A.grateful B.hopeful C.peaceful D.useful40.A.reward B.react C.recall D.regret第二节(共10小题;每小题分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Artificialintelligencedevicesarenowbeingwidelyadoptedbyfamilies.Think___41___(repeated)forexamChinesechessrobotonthedesk,handwritingerasedrevision,andautomaticpainting___42___(base)onseveralkeywords.Technologieslikeplayingchess,identifyingfacesand___43___(document),andrenderingfor3Dworldsarenormallyusedinbusinessandacademicfields.Theyofteninvolvecomplicatedcalculationsandcome___44___highcosts.ButnowAIismore___45___(access)andaffordableforconsumers.“Ourgoalis___46___(create)arobotthatcanphysically‘think’and‘act’,bringindustrialgradeAItechnologytoeveryfamily,andmakerealinteractionswithchildrenandelderfamilymembers,”saidXuLi,ExecutiveChairmanandCEOofSenseTime.HK-listedSenseTime,___47___offersAIforurbanmanagementandpandemiccontrol,haslaunched___48___Xiaqi,orChinesemasterrobot,asthecompany’sfirstconsumer-orienteddevice.Thecandybox-sizedrobot,certifiedbytheChineseXiangqiAssociation,___49___(offer)