2022年山东省威海市大学英语6级大学英语六级知识点汇总（含答案）

2022年山东省威海市大学英语6级大学英语六级知识点汇总（含答案）学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Oneinnovativeproposalproposedbysomeexpertsisproviding______for25,000qualifiedundergraduatestudents.

2.Whatistheadvantageoftheretirementsavings?

A.Governmentwithdrawsalighttaxontheretirementsavings.

B.Employeescangetmoneyastheretirementsavingsfromtheiremployers.

C.Anyonewiththeretirementsavingsisqualifiedfora401Kplan.

D.Morethan50%Americansenjoyfreemoneyintheretirementsavings.

3.

Baughman'ssuperstrong,superligh,transparentsheetcanbeinsertedinthewindshieldstohelp______.

4.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestion1--7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8--10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

Geniuses

In1905,AlbertEinsteindevelopedthetheoryofspecialrelativity.Healsoprovedthatatomsexistandfiguredoutthatlightbehavesasbothaparticleandawave.Totopitalloff,hedevelopedhisfamousequationE=mcc,whichdescribestherelationshipbetweenmatterandenergy,thesameyear.Hewasonly26yearsold.

Withoutadoubt,Einsteinwasagenius.SowasIsaacNewton-asanyfanof"StarTrek".TheNextGenerationcansayheinventedphysics.Healsoplayedabigroleinthedevelopmentofcalculus,whichsomepeoplehavetroublecomprehendingevenafterextensiveclassroomstudy.Anothergenius,WolfgangAmadeusMozart,startedcomposingmusicwhenhewas5yearsold.Mozartwrotehundredsofpiecesbeforehisdeathin1760atage35.

Accordingtoconventionalwisdom,geniusesaredifferentfromeveryoneelse.Theycanthinkfasterandbetterthanotherpeople,Inaddition,manypeoplethinkthatallthatextrabrainpowerleadstoeccentricorquirkybehavior.Andalthoughgeniusesarefairlyeasytospot,definingexactlywhatmakesonepersonageniusisalittletrickier.Figuringouthowthatpersonbecameageniusisharderstill.

Therearetwobigthingsthatmakeitdifficulttostudygenius:

Thegeniuslabelissubjective.Somepeopleinsistthatanyonewithanintelligencequotient(IQ)higherthanacertainvalueisagenius.OthersfeelthatIQtestsmeasureonlyalimitedpartofaperson'stotalintelligence.Somebelievehightestscoreshavelittletodowithrealgenius.

Geniusisabig-pictureconcept.Mostscientificandmedicalinquiries,ontheotherband,examinedetails.Aconceptassubjectiveasgeniusisn'teasytoquantify,analyzeorstudy.

So,whenexploringhowgeniuseswork,it'sagoodideatostartbydefiningpreciselywhatageniusis.Forthepurposeofthisarticle,ageniusisn'tsimplysomeonewithanexceptionallyhighIQ.Instead,ageniusisanextraordinarilyintelligentpersonwhobreaksnewgroundwithdiscoveries,inventionsorworksofart.Usually,agenius'workchangesthewaypeopleviewtheworldorthefieldinwhichtheworktookplace.Inotherwords,ageniusmustbebothintelligentandabletousethatintelligenceinaproductiveorimpressiveway.

GeniusandtheBrain

Thebrainregulatesthebody'sorgansystems.Whenapersonmovesaround,itsendsimpulsesalongthenervesandtellsthemuscleswhattodo.Thebraincontrolsthesensesofsmell,taste,touch,sightandhearing,andthepersonexperiencesandprocessesemotionsusinghisbrain,Ontopofallthat,thebrainallowspeopletothink,analyzeinformationandsolveproblems.Buthowdoesitmakesomeonesmart?

Scientistshaven'tfiguredoutexactlyhowallthegraymatterinthebrainworks,buttheydohaveanideaofwhichpartletspeoplethink.Thecerebralcortex(大脑皮层),whichistheoutermostpartofthebrain,iswherethoughtandreasoninghappen.Thesearethebrain'shigherfunction--thelowerfunctions,whichrelatetobasicsurvival,takeplacedeeperinthebrain.

Thecerebralcortexisthelargestpartofthebrain,andit'sfullofwrinklesandfoldsthatallowittofitintheskull.Ifanadulthuman'scerebralcortexisremovedandstretchedout,itwouldbeaboutaslargeasafewpagesofanewspaper.It'sdividedintos

A.AlbertEinstein.

B.StarTrek.

C.WolfgangMozart.

D.IsaacNewton.

5.

AccordingtoFreud,tosome______________certainwordsbecomemagical,symbolsofwholetrainsofthoughtcondensed.

6.

SomeoftheAndeanteachershadbeeneducateduptoonly______grade.

7.

Itcanbeeasiertochangeourdietalotthantochangeitalittle.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

Accordingtosomeresearchers,______inthebodycangiveriseto.certainmentalchanges.

9.

ThegoaloftheHumanGenomeProjectisto______.

10.ScientistsWorryMachinesMayOutsmartMan

Arobotthatcanopendoorsandfindelectricaloutletstorechargeitself.Computervirusesthatnoonecanstop."Predator"fighters,which,thoughstillcontrolledremotelybyhumans,comeclosetoamachinethatcankillautonomously.

Impressedandalarmedbyadvancesinartificialintelligence,agroupofcomputerscientistsisdebatingwhetherthereshouldbelimitsonresearchthatmightleadtolossofhumancontrolovercomputer-basedsystemsthatcarryagrowingshareofsociety'sworkload,fromwagingwartochattingwithcustomersonthephone.

Theirconcernisthatfurtheradvancescouldcreateprofoundsocialdisruptionsandevenhavedangerousconsequences.

Asexamples,thescientistspointedtoanumberoftechnologiesasdiverseasexperimentalmedicalsystemsthatinteractwithpatientstosimulatesympathy,andcomputerwormsandvirusesthatdefyextermination(消灭)andcouldthusbesaidtohavereacheda"cockroach"stageofmachineintelligence.

WhilethecomputerscientistsagreedthatwearealongwayfromHal,thecomputerthattookoverthespaceshipin"2001:ASpaceOdyssey,"theysaidtherewaslegitimateconcernthattechnologicalprogresswouldtransform.theworkforcebydestroyingawideningrangeofjobs,aswellasforcehumanstolearntolivewithmachinesthatincreasinglycopyhumanbehaviors.

Theresearchers—leadingcomputerscientists,artificialintelligenceresearchersandroboticistswhometattheAsilomarConferenceGroundsonMontereyBayinCalifornia—generallydismissedthepossibilityofhighlycentralizedsuperintelligencesandtheideathatintelligencemightspringspontaneouslyfromtheInternet.Buttheyagreedthatrobotsthatcankillautonomouslyareeitheralreadyhereorwillbesoon.

Theyfocusedparticularattentiononthespecterthatcriminalscouldexploitartificialintelligencesystemsassoonastheyweredeveloped.Whatcouldacriminaldowithaspeechsynthesissystemthatcoulddisguiseasahumanbeing?Whathappensifartificialintelligencetechnologyisusedtominepersonalinformationfromsmartphones?

Theresearchersalsodiscussedpossiblethreatstohumanjobs,likeself-drivingcars,softwarebasedpersonalassistantsandservicerobotsinthehome.Justlastmonth,aservicerobotdevelopedbyWillowGarageinSiliconValleyproveditcouldnavigatetherealworld.

Areportfromtheconference,whichtookplaceinprivateonFeb.25,istobeissuedlaterthisyear.Someattendeesdiscussedthemeetingforthefirsttimewithotherscientiststhismonthandininterviews.

TheconferencewasorganizedbytheAssociationfortheAdvancementofArtificialIntelligence(A.A.A.I.),andinchoosingAsilomarforthediscussions,thegrouppurposefullyevokedalandmarkevent(里程碑式事件)inthehistoryofscience.In1975,theworld'sleadingbiologistsalsometatAsilomartodiscussthenewabilitytoreshapelifebyswappinggeneticmaterialamongorganisms.Concernedaboutpossiblebiohazardsandethicalquestions,scientistshadhaltedcertainexperiments.TheconferenceledtoguidelinesforrecombinantDNAresearch,enablingexperimentationtocontinue.

ThemeetingonthefutureofartificialintelligencewasorganizedbyEricHorvitz,aMicrosoftresearcherwhoisnowpresidentoftheassociation.

Dr.Horvitzsaidhebelievedcomputerscientistsmustrespondtothenotionsofsuperintelligentmachinesandartificialintelligencesystemsrunamok(横行).

Theideaofan"intelligenceexplosion"inwhichsmartmachineswoulddesignevenmoreintelligentmachineswasproposedbythemathematicianI.J.Goodin1965.Later,inlecturesandsciencefictionnovels,thecomputerscientistVernorVingepopularizedthenotionof

A.robotsforciviluse

B.militarycomputers

C.artificialintelligence

D.biochemicalweapons

11.

Theresearchersarenowtryingtofigureout______.

A.whetherobservedantibodiescanblocktheinfectionofHIV

B.whetherthecombinationofvaccinesstimulatesnewmolecules

C.whetherthecombinationofvaccinescanworkwell

D.whetherthecombinationofvaccinescouldbetestedinnormalpeople

12.Evenontheirwaytodestinations,travelerscaneasilysurfInternetby802.11cardsifthereare______.

13.

Exercisesingratitude,kindnessandoptimismcanmakepeoplehappier—butonlyiftheykeepdoingthemandtheseexercises______.

14.TheScienceofInterruptions

In2000,GloriaMarkwashiredasaprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia.Shewouldarriveatherdeskinthemorning,fullofenergyandreadytotackleherto-dolist.Nosoonerhadshestartedonetaskthanacolleaguewoulde-mailherwithanurgentrequest;whenshewenttoworkonthat,thephonewouldring.Attheendoftheday,Markhadaccomplishedafractionofwhatshesetouttodo.

Lotsofpeoplecomplainthatofficemultitaskingdrivesthemnuts.ButMarkstudieshowhigh-techdevicesaffectourbehavior,soshewasabletodomorethancomplain:Shesetouttomeasurehownutswe'veallbecome.Shewatchedcubicle(办公室隔间)dwellersastheysurfedthechaosofmodernofficelifeandfoundeachemployeespentonlyten-and-a-halfminutesonanygivenprojectbeforebeinginterrupted.Eachshortprojectwasitselffragmentedintothree-minutetasks,likeansweringe-mailmessagesorworkingonasheet.

Mark'sstudyalsorevealedthatinterruptionsareoftencrucialtoofficework.Thehigh-techworkersadmittedthatmanyoftheirdailydistractionswereessentialtotheirjobs.Whensomeoneforwardsyouanurgente-mailmessage,it'softensomethingyoureallydoneedtosee;ifamobilephonecallbreaksthrough,itmightbethecallthatsavesyourhide.

Forsomecomputerengineersandacademics,thisrealizationhasbeguntoraiseanattractivepossibility:Perhapswecanfindanidealmiddleground.Ifhigh-techworkdistractionsareinevitable,maybewecanre-engineerthemsowereceivealloftheirbenefitsbutfewoftheirdownsides.

TheBirthofMultitasking

Thescienceofinterruptionsbeganmorethan100yearsagowiththeemergenceoftelegraphoperators—thefirsthigh-stress,time-sensitiveinformation-technologyjobs.Psychologistsdiscoveredthatifsomeonespoketoatelegraphoperatorwhilehewaskeyingamessage,theoperatorwasmorelikelytomakeerrors.Later,psychologistsdeterminedthatwheneverworkersneededtofocusonajobthatrequiredthemonitoringofdata,presentationwasallimportant.Usingthisknowledge,cockpits(驶舱)forfighterpilotswerecarefullydesignedsothateachdialandmetercouldbereadwithjustaglance.

Still,suchissuesseemedremotefromthelivesofeverydayworkers.Then,inthe1990s,computersbegantoexperiencearapidincreaseinspeedandpower."Multitasking"wasborn;insteadofsimplyworkingononeprogramforhoursatatime,acomputeruserworksonseveralsimultaneously.Officeworkersnowstareatcomputerscreensofoverwhelmingcomplexity,astheyjuggle(操纵)messages,textdocuments,PowerPointpresentationsandwebbrowsers.Inthemodernofficeweareallfighterpilots.

EffectofMultitasking:Computer-affectedBehavior

Informationisnolongerascarceresource—attentionis.20yearsago,anofficeworkerhadtwotypesofcommunicationtechnology:aphone,whichrequiredaninstantanswer,andpostalmail,whichtookdays.Nowpeoplehavedozensofpossibilitiesbetweenthesetwopoles.

Theresultissomethinglike"continuouspartialattention",whichmakesussobusykeepinganeyeoneverythingthatweneverfullyfocusonanything.Thiscanactuallybeapositivefeeling,inasmuchastheconstantemaildingingmakesusfeelneededanddesired.Butwhathappenswhenyoutakethattotheextreme?Yougetoverwhelmed.Sanityliesindanger.

In1997,MicrosoftrecruitedMaryCzerwinski,whoonceworkedinNASA'sHuman-computerInteractionLab,toconductbasicresearchtofindouthowcomputersaffecthumanbehavior.Shetook39officeworkersandinstalledsoftwareontheircomputersthatwouldrecordeverymouseclick.Shediscoveredthatcomputeruserswereasrestlessashummingbirds.Onaverage,theyjuggledeightwindowsatthesametime.Moreastonishing

A.YB.NC.NG

15.AccordingtoRobertFeldman,theauthorofTheLiarinYourLife,Americansnow

A.regardthetruthasveryimportant

B.tendtoliemoreoftenthanbefore

C.startaconversationwiththreelies

D.hatetobedeceivedbytheirchildren

16.

SomepeoplethoughtthatNASAactedouttheApolloprograminmoviestudiospartiallybecausethepicturestransmittedfromthemoondonotinclude______.

17.

TheicetonguegrowingoutfromtheGreenlandcoastusedtorejectsaltbackintothewater,making______heavierandhelpingittosink.

18.

Allexpertsarewillingtoacceptthedefinitionsofsymptomtermsaboutdruguseandaddictionproblemsmentionedinthearticle.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.Comparedwithbeingliars,itis______todetectaliaraccordingtothestudy.

20.

Whatnegativeimpactdothemandatorynation-widetestsmostprobablyhaveonstudents'powerofwritingwell?

A.Theymakethestudentsunmotivated.

B.Theyprohibitstudents'creativityduetotheirrequirements.

C.Thestudentswillbeseverelypunishediftheyfailthetests.

D.Thestudentscarelittleaboutwriting.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.

【B5】

22.(21)

A.Thecompanywillcompensatethecustomer.

B.Thecompanywillrefundthecustomer'smoney.

C.Thecompanywillreplaceit.

D.Thecompanywilldonothingaboutit.

23.听力原文：I'mintheplayatschoolandIhaverehearsalsMondayTuesdayandFriday.ThentheplayopensonSaturdaynightandgoesallnextweekexceptMondayandTuesday.

M:Itsoundslikeyou'regoingtobeaverybusyyoungladyforthenextfortnight.

Q:InwhicheveningsisthewomanfreebetweenMondayandOpeningNight?

(13)

A.MondayandTuesday.

B.TuesdayandWednesday.

C.WednesdayandThursday.

D.ThursdayandFriday.

24.(32)

A.ToshowthattwinshaveidenticalIQs.

B.Toshowthattwins'IQsareindependentoftheeducationtheyreceive.

C.Toshowhowcriticalhumanbrainsareindeterminingone'sintelligence.

D.Toshowhowvitalenvironmentisinfosteringone'sintelligence.

25.(28)

A.Sheisselfishandcruel.

B.Sheiskindandpolite.

C.Sheisproudandhelpful.

D.Sheislonelyandunhappy.

26.

【B2】

27.听力原文：W:I'llwearthisbluejacket.Ilikethecoloronme,don'tyouthinkso?

M:Ithinkitlooksterrificonyon,really.

Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman'schoiceofclothing?

(19)

A.Hethinksherchoiceisgood.

B.Hethinksherchoiceisterrible.

C.Hedoesn'tlikethecolor.

D.Hedoesn'tlikethestyle.

28.听力原文：W:Whatastrangesuityouarewearing.Yourjacketdoesn'tmatchyourpants.

M:Iknow.Igotdressedinthedark,andIdidn'trealizemymistakeuntilI'vegottentomyoffice.

Q:Whydoestheman'ssuitseemunusual?

(19)

A.Thejacketandthepantsdon'tfittogether.

B.Thejacketistoodark.

C.Hegotdressedintheoffice.

D.Hemadeamistakeinhisoffice.

29.(22)

A.Itisclosetotheschool.

B.Itischeap.

C.Ithasconvenientfacilities.

D.Thetenantagreementisgood.

30.听力原文：Scientistssaythatmostdoctorsandpatientsalreadyknowwhatisrightforthemintermsofdietandexercise.Theproblemisthatwehavebecomeanationtoofocusedontreatingheartdiseaseandstrokeratherthanpreventingthem.Primary-caredoctorsareconstantlyinfirefightermode,rushingtothesceneofapatient'shealthdisaster,insteadofspendingthetimecounselingpatientsaboutthebestdietandpreventionprogram.

Forexample,notenoughdoctorsprescribeniacinfortheirheartpatients,eventhoughthemedicineisaproventreatmentforraising"good"cholesterol.Physiciansarereluctantbecauseniacinrequiresdiligentfollow-uptowatchforsideeffects,takingtimethatmostprimary-carepracticescannotafford.Ontheotherhand,toomanydoctorsareperformingheartoperationsthatrepresentafinancialwindfallforhospitals.Bottomline:Thereisn'tasmuchmoneytobemadeinpreventionasintreatment.

Weknownowbetterhowtousethetechnologyandhavearealshotatpreventingthenearlyonemillionheartattacksand700,000strokesthatoccureachyearintheU.S.Itistheuseofcomputedtomographyangiography.Thisisanoninvasiveheartscanthattakesabout10minutesandcantellyouifyouhaveanydevelopingplaqueinthevesselsthatsupplybloodtoyourheart.Thetrickistogetthetestdonebeforeyouexperienceanychestpainsorotherheartproblems.Cuttingdownonthatinflammationgreatlyreducesyourchanceofhavingaheartattackorstroke.

(30)

A.Moreandmorepeoplearesufferingfromheartdisease.

B.Moreandmoredoctorsarefocusingtoomuchondietandexercise.

C.Peopleareignorantofthepreventionofheartdiseaseandstroke.

D.Doctorsaremoremoney-pursuingthanbefore.

31.听力原文：W:I'dliketoenrollinthefreeseminaryouadvertisedinthenewspaper.Theoneonmanagingyourpersonalfinances.

M:OK.Nowtheaddidsaythatyouhavetohaveasavingsaccountatourbanktobeeligible.Doyouhaveonehere?

Q:Whatdoesthemanwanttoknow?

(19)

A.Ifthewomanhastakenotherclassesonpersonalfinances.

B.Whichseminarthewomanwantstosignupfor.

C.Ifthewomankeepsmoneyatthebank.

D.Wherethewomanlearnedabouttheseminar.

32.(36)

A.Onlyhumansrespondtoemotionsbysheddingtears.

B.Onlyhumansshedtearstogetridofirritatingstuffintheireyes.

C.Onlyhumantearscanresistinvadingbacteria.

D.Onlyhumantearscandischargecertainchemicals.

33.听力原文：W:Didyouturnoffthelightsandcheckthelocksonallthedoors?

M:Yes,ItoldtheJohnsonswe'vegonefortwoweeks.Theypromisetokeepaneyeonthehouseforus.

Q:Whatarethetwospeakersgoingtodo?

(16)

A.Stayawayforacoupleofweeks.

B.Checkthelockseverytwoweeks.

C.LookaftertheJohnsons'house.

D.Movetoanoterplace.

34.听力原文：W:HeyTaxi!

M:Whereto?

W:Well,I'mgoingtotheNationalMuseumofArt,and...

M:Sure.Hopin.Noproblem.

W:Uh.Excuseme.Howlongdoesittaketogetthere?

M:Well,thatalldependsonthetraffic,butitshouldn'ttakemorethantwentyminutesfortheaveragedriver.AndI'mnotaverage.Ihavedrivingdowntoanart,soweshouldbeabletogetthereinlessthantwelveminutes.

W:OK.Uh,sorryforasking,butdoyouhaveanyideahowmuchthefarewillbe?

M:Oh,itshouldn'tbemorethan18dollars...notincludinga...uh-hum...atipofcourse.

W:Oh,andbytheway,doyouknowwhattimethemuseumcloses?

M:Well,Iwouldguessaround6o'clock.

W:Uh,doyouhavethetime?

M:Yeah.It'shalfpastfour.Uh,thisisyourfirsttimetothecity,right?

W:Yeah.Howdidyouknow?

M:Well,youcantelltouristsfromamileawayinthiscitybecausetheywalkdownthestreetlookingstraightupattheskyscrapers.

W:Wasitthatobvious?

M:Well...

W:Oh,beforeIforget,canyourecommendanygoodrestaurantsdowntownthatoffermealsatareasonableprice?

M:Umm...Well,theMexicanrestaurant,LaFajita,isfantastic.It'snotasinexpensiveasotherplacesIknow,butthedecorisveryauthentic,andtheportionsarelargerthanmostplacesI'vebeento.

W:Soundsgreat!HowdoIgettherefromthemuseum?

M:Well,youcancatchthesubwayrightoutsidethemuseum.Therearebusesthatrunthatway,butyouwouldhavetotransferacoupleoftimes.Andtherearetaxistoo,buttheydon'trunbythemuseumthatoften.

W:OK.Thanks.

(23)

A.Morethan20minutes.

B.Morethan18minutes

C.Lessthan6minutes.

D.Lessthan12minutes.

35.(16)

A.He'sbeentoobusytocleanhisroom.

B.Cleaningisthelastthinghewantstodo.

C.Hehasn'tcleanedhisroomsinceLindavisitedhim.

D.Lindaistheonlypersonwhoevercomestoseehim.

36.听力原文：AnenvironmentalgroupcalledtheFoodCommissionisunhappyanddisappointedbecauseofthesaleofbottledwaterfromJapan.Thewaterisangrilyarguedinpublic,hastraveled10,000"foodmiles"beforeitreachesWesterncustomers."transportingwaterhalfwayacrosstheworldissurelytheextremelystupiduseoffuelwhenthereisplentyofwaterintheUK."ItisalsoworriedthatwearewastingourfuelbybuyingpramsfromIndonesia(7,000foodmiles)andcarrotsfromSouthAfrica(5,900foodmiles).

Countingthenumberofmilestraveleddonebyaproductisastrangewayoftryingtotellthetruesituationoftheenvironmentaldamagedonebyanindustry.Mostfoodistransportedaroundtheworldoncontainershipsthatareextremelyenergyefficient.Itshouldbenotedthatatonofbuttertransported25milesinatrackproducttransportedhundredsofmilesbysea.Besides,theideaof"miles"ignorestheamountoffuelusedintheproduction.ItispossibletocutdownyourfoodmilesbybuyingtomatoesgrowninBritainratherthanthosegrowninGhana;thedifferenceisthattheBritishonewillhavebeenraisedinheatedgreenhousesandtheGhanaianonesintheopensun.

Whattheideaof"foodmiles"doesprovide,however,isthechancetocutoutThirdWorldCountriesfromFirstWorldfoodmarkets.Thenumberofmilestraveledbyourfoodshould,asIseeit,beregardedasasignofthesuccessoftheglobaltradesystem,notasignofdamagetotheenvironment.

(33)

A.Becausesomeimportedgoodscauseenvironmentaldamage.

B.BecauseUKwastesalotofmoneyimportingfoodproducts.

C.Becausepeoplewasteenergybuyingfoodfromothercountries.

D.Becausegrowingcertainvegetablescauseenvironmentaldamage.

37.(44)

38.听力原文：W:IguessI'llsendMaryapostcardfromHawaiiwhenIgothereonmyvacation.

M:I'msurethatshe'dbegladtogetone.Shehasacollectionofcardsfromallovertheworld.

Q:WhatdowelearnaboutMary?

(16)

A.MaryisgoingtoHawaii.

B.Maryhastraveledallovertheworld.

C.Marylikespostcards.

D.Maryisgoingonvacation.

39.

【B4】

40.【B8】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.Whotackledtextmessagesonearthquake-hitHaitithatpouredinto4636?

42.

TheNationalAcademyofSciencesholdsthestancethat______.

A.DNAtestingshouldbesystematized

B.onlyauthorizedlaboratoriescanconductDNAtesting

C.theacademyonlyisauthorizedtoworkoutstandardsfortesting

D.theacademyhastherighttoaccreditlaboratoriesforDNAtesting

43.

Whatdoestheauthorsuggestbyreferringtothelessonofpersonalcomputers?

A.GMfoodwillultimatelyenterintothedietofcommons.

B.GMfoodissimilartopersonalcomputersinsomeaspects.

C.Likepersonalcomputers,GMfoodwillbecomeindispensabletopeople.

D.GMfoodisoneoftheachievementsofhightechnology.

44.

Whichwordisclosestinmeaningtotheword"reinvent'(lastsentence,Paragraphtwo)?

A.recreate.B.reinforce.C.reproduce.D.reexamine.

45.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Scientistshaveknownfordecadesthatcoffeebeanscontainoil.Mohapatraandcolleagues,however,werethefirsttoanalyzecoffeegrounds.

Usedgroundsusuallyendupinlandfills,thoughgardenerssometimesusethemasakindoffertilizer.ThescientistscollectedusedgroundsfromStarbucks,whichgivesbagsofgroundsawayaspartofthecompany's"Groundsforyourgarden"program.

Topreparethegroundsforanalysis,theteamfirstdriedtheminanoven.Theymixedtheresultingpowderwithacombinationofsolvents(溶剂)thatcausedtheoiltoseparatefromthesolution.Theyextractedtheoil,savingthesolventsforthenextroundofprocessing.Theremainscouldstillbeusedascompost,ethanolfeedstock,andfuelpellets.

"We'renotwastinganything,"MohapatratoldDiscoveryNews."It'sarecyclingprocess."

Thestudyshowedthatusedgroundscontainabout15percentoilbyweight,dependingonthetypeofcoffee.That'snottoofarofftheproportionsinsoybean,rapeseed,andpalmoils,whicharealsousedassourcesforbio-diesel.Andcoffeeoilismorestablethantheseothersourcesbecauseofitshighantioxidantcontent,foundthestudy,whichappearedinDecemberintheAmericanChemicalSociety'sJournalofAgriculturalandFoodChemistry.

Aroundtheworld,growersproducemorethan16billionpoundsofcoffeeeachyear,accordingtotheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture.Thescientistsestimatethatspentgroundscouldadd340milliongallonsofbio-dieseltotheglobalfuelsupply.

Mohapatrapicturesastreamlinedcoffeerecyclingsystem,inwhichthesametrucksthatdeliverbeanstoStarbuckscouldpickupthebrewedwasteandheadtoabio-dieselplant.Theplantwouldbecloseby,tosaveontransportationcostsandemissions.

Coffeegroundsappeartoproducehigh-qualityoil,grantedRobertMcCormick,anengineeratTheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratoryinGolden,Colorado.But,hesaid,coffeeprobablywon'tbeapracticalsolutiontotheworld'senergyneeds.

Foronething,thecountry'smainsourcesofbio-diesel-cookingoilandanimalfat-are100percentoil,comparedtocoffee's15percent.Andevenwhenacafebrewsalargeamountofcoffee,relativelyfewgroundsareleftbehind.Ittakes50gallonsofspentgroundstoproducejust1gallonofoil,Mohapatrasaid.

Still,McCormickcommendstheresearchersforthinkingoutsidetheboxabouttheworld'senergyissues.

"Anythingthattakesawasteproductandmakesafueloutofitisreallyapositive,"hesaid."Thisisprettycool."

Withthe"Groundsforyourgarden"program,Starbucksencourages