2020年度职称英语考试理工类练习题

职称英语考试理工类练习题

资料仅供参考

飘臂舞习副分,共

15

请

1.Sheexhibitedgreatpowersofenduranceduring

theclimb.

A.play

B.send

C.show

D.tell

Io她在攀登过程中表现出极大的耐力.

A.玩

B.发送

C.说明

D.告诉

2.Theeternalmotionofthestarsfascinatedhim.

A.long

B.never-ending

C.boring

D.extensive

2O星体永恒的运动使她着迷。

A.长

B.永无止境

C.乏味

D.广泛

3.Shecouldnotanswer,itwasanimmenseload

offherheart.

A.natural

B.fatal

C.tiny

D.enormous

3。她不回答，这是一个巨大的负荷了她的心。

A.自然

B.致命

C.小

D.巨大

4.Thebookmadeagreatimpactonitsreaders.

A.force

B・influence

C.surprise

D.power

4o这本书对读者产生了巨大的影响。

A.力

B的影响

资料仅供参考

C.惊喜

直流电源

5.Accompaniedbycheerfulmusic,webeganto

dance.

A.pleasant

B.colorful

C.fashionable

D.different

5O伴随着欢快的音乐，我们开始跳舞。

A.愉快

B.丰富多彩

时尚的

D.不同

6.Hewasnoteligiblefortheexaminationbecause

hewasoverage.

A.competitive

B.diligent

C.qualified

D.competent

60她不能参加考试资格，因为她太老了。

A.竞争

B.勤奋

合格的

D.主管

7.HernoveldepictsanambitiousChinese.

A.writes

B.sketches

C.describes

D.indicates

7o她的小说描绘了一个雄心勃勃的中国。

A.写道

B.草图

C.描述

D.指不

8.Don'tirritateher,she'sonashortfusetoday.

A.tease

B.attract

C.annoy

D.protect

8O别惹她，她今天的脾气。

A.取笑

B.吸引

C.骚扰

D.保护

资料仅供参考

9.Itisabsurdtogooutinsuchterribleweather.

A.ridiculous

B.funny

C.odd

D.interesting

9O在这样恶劣的天气里出去太荒唐。

A.可笑

B.有趣

C.奇怪

D.有趣

10o我通知她我的地址已经改变了。

A.通知

B.观察

C.嘲笑

D.误导

10.1notifiedhimthatmyaddresshadchanged.

A.informed

B.observed

C.mocked

D.misled

10o我通知她我的地址已经改变了。

A.通知

B.观察

C.嘲笑

D.误导

11.Themanagerallocatedutiestotheclerks.

A.assign

B.persuade

C.ask

D.order

iio经理分配任务的职员。

A.分配

B.说服

C.要求

D.秩序

12.Theoncebarrenhillsidesarenowgood

farmland.

A.hairless

B.bare

C.empty

D.bald

120昔日荒坡，现在好的农田。

A.无毛

B.赤裸的

C.空

资料仅供参考

D.白头

13.Itispostulatedthatacureforthediseasewill

havebeenfoundbytheyear.

A.challenged

B.assumed

C.deducted

D.decreed

130据推测，这种疾病的治疗方法都已经由发现的。

A.挑战

假设

C.扣除

D.命令

14.Wemustabidebytherules.

A.stickto

B.persistin

C.safeguard

D.apply

14»我们必须遵守规则。

A.坚持

B.坚持

C.保障

D.应用

15.Frommystandpoint,youknow,thisthingis

justfunny.

A.position

B・pointofview

C.knowledge

D.opinion

15。从我的观点来看，你知道，这件事是有趣的。

位置。

B.观点

C.知识

A.reasons

B.excuses

C.answers

资料仅供参考

D.plans

2.Theriverwidensconsiderablyasitbeginsto

turnwest.

A.twists

B.stretches

C.broadens

D.bends

3.Henrycannotresistthelureofdrugs.

A.abuse

B.flavor

C.temptation

D.consumption

4.Theseprogrammesareofimmensevaluetoold

people.

A.natural

B.fatal

C.tiny

D.enormous

5.Agreatdealhasbeendonetoremedythe

situation.

A.maintain

B.improve

C.assess

D.protect

6.JohniscollaboratingwithMaryinwritingan

article.

A.cooperating

B.competing

C.combining

D.arguing

7.Heisdeterminedtoconsolidatehispower.

A.strengthen

B.control

C.abandon

D.exercise

8.Manyscientistshavebeenprobing

psychologicalproblems.

A.solving

B.explormg

C.settling

D.handhng

9.Hearingproblemsmaybealleviatedbychanges

indietandexercisehabits.

A.removed

B.cured

资料仅供参考

C.worsened

D.relieved

10.Andthecarsaretestedfordefectsbefore

leavingthefactory.

A.functions

C.motions

B.faults

D.parts

11.Thefoodisinsufficientforthreepeople.

A.instant

B.infimte

C.inexpensive

D.inadequate

12.Thousandsofpeopleperishedinthestorm.

A.died

B.suffered

C.floated

D.scattered

13.Butintheendheapprovedofourproposal.

A.undoubtedly

B.certainly

C.ultimately

D.necessarily

14.Foryoungchildren,gettingdressedisa

complicatedbusiness.

A.strange

B.complex

C.personal

D.iunny

15.InBritainandmanyothercountriesappraisal

isnowatoolofmanagement.

A.evaluation

B.efficiency

C.production

D.publicity

1.A2.C3.C4.D5.B6.A7.A8.B9.D

10,

明）分，共

1德曼霰瞿箴嬲请

l.Sheeventuallymarriedthemostpersistentone

ofheradmirers.

A.inaway

资料仅供参考

B.induecourse

C.intheend

D.inanycase

2.Fiveminutesleft,theoutcomeofthematchwas

stillindoubt.

A.result

B.judgment

C.decision

D.event

3.Thereporterwasaccusedofunprofessional

conduct.

A.movement

B.words

C.principle

D.behavior

4.Hemadeaconsiderablesumofmoneyinreal

estate.

A.large

B.positive

C.powerful

D.realistic

5.Acrowdgatheredtoseewhathadhappened.

A.collected

B.fixed

C.divided

D.assisted

6.1fImadeamistake,Iwilltrytoremedyit.

A.clarify

B.diagnose

C.evaporate

D.correct

7.Wed/riveinformationmainlyfromtheInternet.

A.deprive

B.obtain

C.descend

D.trace

8.Hissolemotivewastomakeherhappy.

A.aim

B.argument

C.capability

Djoursuit

9.Hecouldnottoleratetheextremesofheatinthe

desert.

A.bear

B.hate

资料仅供参考

C.like

D.criticize

lO.Thesefactorsinteractintimatelyandcannotbe

separated.

A.tensely

B.nearly

C.carefiilly

D.closely

ll.Sheexhibitedgreatpowersofenduranceduring

theclimb.

A.play

B.send

C.show

D.tell

12.Theeternalmotionofthestarsfascinatedhim.

A.long

B.never-ending

C.borin^

D.extensive

13.Shecouldnotanswer,itwasanimmenseload

offherheart.

A.natural

B.fatal

C.tiny

D.enormous

14.Thebookmadeagreatimpactonitsreaders.

A.force

B.influence

C.surprise

D.power

15.Accompaniedbycheerfulmusic,webeganto

dance.

A.pleasant

B.colorful

C.fashionable

灌掰）分,共

勰鹦誉请

11amnotcertainwhetherhewillcome.

Asure

Bdetermined

Csorry

资料仅供参考

Dglad

2sheseemedtohavedetectedsomeangerinhis

voice.

Aheard

Bnoticed

Crealized

Dgot

3PleasedonothesitatetocallmeifIcanbeof

furtherassistance.

Asee

Bcontact

Chelp

Dtouch

4Inshort,Iamgoingtolivetheremyself.

AInotherwords

BThatistosay

CTobefrank

DInaword

5Hehastroubleunderstandingthatotherpeople

judgehimbyhissocialskillsandconduct.

Abehavior

Bstyle

Cmode

Dattitude

6Ihadsomedifficultyincarryingouttheplan.

Amaking

Bkeeping

Cimplementing

Dchanging

7Mr.Johnsonevidentlyregardedthisasagreat

joke.

Areadily

Bcasually

Csimply

Dobviously

8WeallthinkthatMary*shusbandisavery_

[o二ingperson.

Ashy

Bstupid

Cselfish

Ddull

9Theworkersinthatfactorymanufacture

furniture.

Apromote

Bpaint

资料仅供参考

Cpolish

Dproduce

10theyonlyhaveaHmitedamountoftimetoget

theirpointsacross.

Alarge

Btotal

Csimilar

Dsmall

11Thehigh-speedtrainscanhaveamajorimpact

ontravelpreferences.

Ainfluence

Bforce

Csurprise

Dpower

12canyoufollowtheplot?

Achange

Binvestigate

Cunderstand

Dwrite

13Eveninahighlymodernizedcountry,Manual

workisastillneeded.

Amental

Bphysical

Cnatural

Dhard

14Inthelattercasetheoutcomecanbeserious

indeed.

Ajudgement

Bresult

Cdecision

Devent

15NormanBlarneyisanartistofdeepconvictions.

Abeliefs

Bstatements

Csuggestions

第瞬饕w陶箍习船队共

l.Youlooksmartinthenewsuit.

A.clever

B.handsome

C.loyal

资料仅供参考

D.brave

2.Hehasn'tthefundstocarryouthisdesign.

A.make

B.keep

C.change

D.implement

3.1wasastonishedatthenewsofhisescape.

A.amused

B.amounted

C.amazed

D.approached

4.It'salmost5O'clock;timetoquit.

A.increase

B.stop

C.continue

D.keep

5.DoyoufollowwhatIamsaying?

A.change

B.investigate

C.write

D.understand

6.Theboysbrokeintoexcitedcheering.

A.burst

B.blasted

C.burned

D.blazed

7.Chinadoesalotoftradewithmanycountries.

A.agreatdealof-

B.agreatmanyof

C.alargenumberof

D.agreatlevelof

8.Anoldfriendcalledonmethedaybefore

yesterday.

A.telephoned

B.rang

C.visited

D.saw

9oWearegoingtohavetheTVfixed.

A.prepared

Bomended

C.cleaned

D.arranged

10.1amheartilygratefultoyourhelp.

A.helpful

B.hateful

资料仅供参考

C.delightful

D.thankful

ll.Sheeventuallymarriedthemostpersistentone

ofheradmirers.

A.inaway

B.induecourse

C.intheend

D.inanycase

12.Fiveminutesleft,theoutcomeofthematchwas

stillindoubt.

A.result

B.judgment

C.decision

D.event

13.Thereporterwasaccusedofunprofessional

conduct.

A.movement

B.words

C.principle

D.behavior

14.Hemadeaconsiderablesumofmoneyinreal

estate.

A.large

B.positive

C.powerful

D.realistic

15.Acrowdgatheredtoseewhathadhappened.

A.collected

B.fixed

C.divided

腺漏整语考试理工类阅读判断练习题⑴

BritishWomen'sWaistlines

TheaverageBritishwoman*swaistlinehas

grownby2inchesin10years,allthankstothe

sedentary（久坐的）lifestyle.

AstudyconductedbyCancerResearchUK

scientistsfoundthattheaveragewaistlineof

Britishwomenhasincreasedffom31.8inchesto

33.5inches.

Menarealsonowherebehindthefairersex,

fortheresearchfoundthattheaverageman*s

waistlinehasgrownby1.4inchesto38inches.

“WeknowhighBodyweightincreasestherisk

ofanumberofcancersanditisimportantweget

资料仅供参考

thismessageouttoasmanypeopleaspossible,

theDailyMailquotedDrLesleyWalker,of

CancerResearchUK,assaying.

nAhealthydietwithplentyoffiber,fruitand

vegetables,aswellasregularexercisecanhelp

peopleloseweightandreducetheirriskof

cancer,"headded.

Thetrendwasfoundtobedominantinthe

under45s,whereortionofmenwitha

bodymassindexf,.一…数〜/）o_v__e_r_3_57,-a-n-d--o-f-w--o-m--e-n

withaBMIofover40,hasgrowntwo-foldduring

thedecade.

LeadresearcherProfessorJaneWardlesaid

itispossiblethatyoungpeoplefollowalesshealthy

lifestylethantheirelders.

“Suaehabits,takeawaymealshig______

andsedentarylifestyleswheremanypeoplespend

bothworkanleisuretimesittinginfrontofa

computerarealllikelytocontributetothe

results.n

Sheaddedthatgeneticsalsoplayavitalrole

inthegrowingrateofobesity.

1.Britishwomen'swaistlinewouldhave

grownmorethan2inchesiftheydidn'tspendtoo

muchtimesitting

A.Right

B.Wrong

entioned

,摆劈英寻

2.Theexactincreaseoftheaveragewaistline

ofBritishwomenis1.7inches

A.Right

B.Wrong

GNotm.entioned

差孑蕊餐.5。

3.Men'swaistlinehasgrownbecausethey

haveeatentoomanyhamburgers

A.Right

B.Wrong

资料仅供参考

tmentioned

是因为她

们吃了

4.DrWalkerbelievestheheavierthebodyis,

thehigherriskthereisofcancers

A.Right

B.Wrong

C,Notmentioned

筋口

5.Peopleover45aremostlikelytohavehigh

bodyweight

A.Right

B.Wrong

entioned

under45良

6.Youngpeoplefollowahealthierlifestyle

thantheirparents

A.Right

B.Wrong

〜entioned

刖

O

7.Wardlebelievesgeneticshavenothingtodo

withobesity

A.Right

B.Wrong

entioned

.沃尔德认吃

ritishWomen'sWaist

资料仅供参考

TheaverageBritishwoman'swaistlinehas

grownby2j"hesin10years,allthankstothe

sedeni:的）lifestyle.

A~conductedbyCancerResearchUK

scientistsfoundthattheaveragewaistlineof

Britishwomenhasincreasedfrom31.8inchesto

33.5inches.

Menarealsonowherebehindthefairersex,

fortheresearchfoundthattheaverageman's

waistlinehasgrownby1.4inchesto梵inches.

“Weknowhighbodyweightincreasestherisk

ofanumberofcancersanditisimportantweget

thismessageouttoasmanypeopleaspossible：

theD「ailyMailquotedDrLesleyWalker,of

CancerResearchUK,assaying.

nAhealthydietwithplentyoffiber,fruitand

vegetables,aswellasregularexercisecanhelp

peopleloseweightandreducetheirriskof

cancer,headded.

Thetrendwasfoundtobedominantinthe

under45s,whereortionofmenwitha

bodymassindex（体重数）ov指er35,,andofwomen

withaBMIofover40,hasgrowntwo-foldduring

thedecade.

LeadresearcherProfessorJaneWardlesaid

itispossiblethatyoungpeoplefollowalesshealthy

lifestylethantheirelders.

“Snachabits,takeawaymealshighi

andseden.ifestyleswheremanypeoplespend

bothworkandleisuretimesittinginfrontofa

computerarealllikelytocontributetothe

results.n

Sheaddedthatgeneticsalsoplayavitalrole

inthegrowingrateofobesity.

1、Britishwomen'swaistlinewouldhave

grownmorethan2inchesiftheydidn'tspendtoo

muchtimesitting

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

2、Theexactincreaseoftheaveragewaistline

ofBritishwomenis1.7inches

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

资料仅供参考

3、Men'swaistlinehasgrownbecausethey

haveeatentoomanyhamburgers

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

4、DrWalkerbelievestheheavierthebodyis,

thehigherriskthereisofcancers

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

5、Peopleover45aremostlikelytohavehigh

bodyweight

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

6、Youngpeoplefollowahealthierlifestyle

thantheirparents

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

7、Wardlebelievesgeneticshavenothingtodo

withobesity

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not^j^ioned

n资料仅供参考

是・沃尔德认吃

口考

UsingirustoCureCancer

Scientistsareplannmgjtousehuman

immunodeficient（免疫缺_:_陷_]）virus（HIV）oneof

mankind'smostfeared一viruses,asacarrtierof

geneswhichcanfightcancerandarangeof

diseasesthatcannotbecured.TheexpertssayHIV

hasanaIlmostpnerfectabilitytoavoidthebody's

immune（免疫的勺）defenses,makingitidealfor

carryingreplaaccee]mentgenesintopatients9bodies,

accordingtotheObserver.

AteamattheCalifornia-basedSalkInstitute,

oneoftheworld'sleadingresearchcenterson

biol（^icalsciences,hascreatedaspecialnewbreed

ofHIVandhasstartednegotiationswiththeU>S>

FoodandDrimAdmimst£ation（FDA）tobegin

clinicalgenetherapy（治疗）trialsthisjear.The

firsttrialsareexpectedtoinvolvepatients

sufferingfromcancersthatcannotbecuredby

surgeryalthoughprojectleaderProfessorInder

VermasaidtheHIVtechniquewouldhave”far

widerapplications”.

Theplanremainsverylikelytocause

controversysinceitinvolvesmakiiiguseofavirus

whichhascausedmorethan22milliondeaths

aroundtheworldinthepasttwodecades.Verma

saidthattheideaofusingHIVforabeneficial

purposewas“shocking”T）utthefiercenatureof

HIVhaddisappearedbyhavingallsixofthe

potentiallydeadlygenesremoved.

Illnessessuchasvariouscancersarecaused

whenageneinapatient9sbodyfailstowork

properlyhepasttwoyears,breakthroughsin

genetics（遗传学）haveledgenetherapyscientiststo

tryandreplacethegenesthatdonotfunction

normally.

资料仅供参考

Unfortunately,thebody'simmunedefenses

havebeenknowntoattackthemodifiedgenesand

makethemlosetheireffectsbeforetheycanstart

theirtaskandprogressinthefieldhasDeenheld

upbythelackofasuitablecarrier.

TheHIVvirushastheabilitytoescapefrom,

andthendestroy,theimmunedefensecells

designedtoprotectourbodiesandthismakesit

attractivetoscientistsasawayofsecretly

conveyingreplacementgenesintopatients5bodies.

16FDAnasapprovedtheplanofusingHIV

tocurecancerinhumans.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

17TheideaofusingHIVforabeneficial

purposehasbeenwidelyaccepted.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

18HIVcanbesafelyusedtocurecanceronly

ifthedeadlygeneshavebeenremoved.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

19TheHIVvirusisanexcellentwarriorto

fightthebody'simmunecells.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

20Othercountriesarealsoexpectedtobegin

clinicalgenetherapytrialssoon.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

21Itisthelackofmoneythathasheldupthe

progressinusingreplacementgenestocure

cancer.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

22TheHIVvirushascausedmoredeathsin

developedcountries.

ARight

BWrong

资料仅供参考

职C嫁Not/mentioned

练骋U）22C

BreastecordLow

Thenumberofwomendyingfrombreast

cancerhasfallentoarecordlowoydropping

under12,000ayearforthefirsttimesincerecords

began.

TheCancerResearchUKdatashowedthat

11,990womendiedintheUKin.

Thepreviouslowestfigurehadbeenrecorded

in1971-tneyearrecordsbegan-afterwhichitrose

steadilyyearbyyearuntilthelate1980s.

ProfessorPeterJohnson,CancerResearch

UK'schiefclinician,said,It*sincrediblyencoura­

gingtoseefewerwomendyingfrombreastcancer

nowthanatanytimeinthelast40years,despite

breastcancerbeingdiagnosedmoreoften.

Researchhasplayedacrucialroleinthis

progressleadingtoimprovedtreatmentsand

bettermanagementforwomenwithlhedisease.

_"Theintroductionofthe

度）breastscreeningprogramhasalsocontributed

aswomenaremorelikelytosurvivetheearlier

cancerisdiagnosed.n

Breastcancerisnowthemostcommoncancer

intheUKwith45,500womeneveryyeardiag

nosedwiththedisease-a50%risein25years.

Thenumberofdeathspeakedin1989,when

15,625womendied.Itthenfellbybetween200and

400deathseachyearuntil.

Therewasaslightriseinandthentwo

vearsoffalls.

DrSarahCant,policymanagerat

BreakthroughBreastCancer,said,nItisgreat

newsthatfewerwomenaredyingfrombreast

cancerandhighlightstheimpactofimproved

treatments,breastscreeningandawarenessofthe

disease.

nHoweyerK_.thisisstilltoomanywomenand

incidence（发生率）ofthediseaseisincreasingyear

byyear.**

Therisingrateofbreastcancerdiagnosishas

beenputdowntoavarietyoffactorsincluding

obesity（月巴胖）andalcoholconsumption.

资料仅供参考

16.11,990womendiedfrombreastcancerin

theUKin.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

17.Breastcancerdeathsbegantoberecorded

intheUKin1971.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

18.Therateofbreastcancerdiagnosisinthe

UKhasbeendropping.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

19.Breastcancercancomeback10years

afteryouwerefirstdiagnosed.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

20.BreastcancerismorecommonintheUK

thaninmanyothercountries.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

21.Fewerwomendiedfrombreastcancerin

theUKinthanin.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

22.Obesityandalcoholconsumptionmayalso

leadtosomeotherdiseases.

A.Right

B.Wrong

职懒黑罂露嘤

阅读判断练习题（5）

IrishDolphinsMayHaveaUniqueDialect

Irishscientistsmonitoringdolphinslivingina

riverestuaryinthesouthwestofthecountry

believetheymayhavedevelopieeddauniquedialect

tocommunicatewitheachother.TheShannon

DolphinandWildlifeFoundation(SDWF)lhas

beenstudyingagroupofupto120bottle-nose

dolphinsmtheRiverShannon!usingvocalisations

资料仅供参考

collectedonacomputerinacowshed3nearthe

RiverShannon.

Aspartofaresearchproject,studentRonan

Hickeydigitisedandanalysedatotalof1,882

whistlesfromtheIrishdolphinsandthose4from

theWelshdolphinsonacomputerandseparated

themintosixfundamentalwhistletypesand32

differentcategories5.Ofthecategories,hefound

most6wereusedbybothsetsofdolphins7一but

eightwereonlyheardfromtheIrishdolphins.

“Wearebuildingupacatalogueofthe

differentwhistletypestheyuseandtryingto

associatethemwithbehaviourlikeforaging,

resting,socialisingandthecommunicationsof

groupswithcalves/9projectleaderSimonBerrow

said.^Essentiallywearebuildingupwhatislikea

dictionaryofwordstheyuseorsoundsthey

make."

Berrow,amarinebiologist,saidthedolphins9

clicksareusedtofindtheirwayaroundandlocate

prey.Thewhistlesarecommunications.uTheydo

awholerangeofothersoundlikebarks,groans

andakindofgunshot,hesaid."Thegunshotisan

intensepulseofsound.Spermwhalesuseittostun

theirprey.w

“WhenIfirsthearditIwassurprisedasI

thoughtspermwhalesweretheonlyspecieswho

usedit.Wecanspeculatethedolphinsareusingit

forthesamereasonasthespermwhales."Borrow

said.

Referencesinlocallegend8indicatethere

havebeendolphinsintheShannonestuaryfor

generationsandtheymayevenhavebeenresident

thereasfarbackasthe6thcentury9.

Theyareregularlyseenbypassengersonthe

Shannonferryandanestimated25,00()tourists

everyyeartakespecialsightseeingtoursonlocal

boat^ovisitthem.

1.Thedifferenceineatinghabitsbetweenthe

bottle-nosedolphinsandthespermwhales

interestedtheSDWFscientists.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

2.RonanHickeyanalysedalmost2,000

differentdialectsofthebottle-nosedolphins.

资料仅供参考

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

3.Oithe32categories,eightwereproduced

onlybytheIrishdolphins.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

4.Whistlescouldalsobeusedtocommunicate

betweenadultdolphinsandbabydolphins.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

5.Spermwhalescanproducestronger

ultrasonicwavestokilltheirpreythandolphins.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

6.Asearlyasthe6thcentury,Irishfishermen

startedraisingdolphins^iiitheShannonestuary.

ARishhitB—Wrong…CN,otment•ioned

7.二Idrioslhphinsattracttouristsandover

25,000pe'cometoseethemeveryyear.

rongCNotmentioned

H

1I•詈

又早出

7,.i表呆”1=1

Spare

资料仅供参考

Itisnolongerunusualforaspouseorrelative

todonateakidneytoalovedone,butthenumber

ofAmericanswhohavegivenakidneytoafriend,

aco-workerorevenacompletestrangerhasrisen

sharplyfrom68in1994to176in1998.

Therearemanyreasons.First,it\*spossibleto

liveanormallifewithonlyonekidney.(The

remainingkidneyenlargestomakeupmostofthe

difference.)Inadditionakidneyfromalivedonor

lastslongerthanakidneytakenfromsomeone

whohasdiedsuddenly.Butthebiggestchangein

thepastfewyearsisthattransplantsurgeonshave

startedusinglaparoscopictechniquestoremove

thedonorkidneythroughamuchsmallerincision,

andthiscancutrecoverytimeforthedonorfrom

sixweekstofourweeks.

Justbecauseyoudosomething,however,it

doesn\*tmeanyoushould.Donatingakidney

meansundergoinganoperationthatcarriessome

risk.Youcouldarguethatyoumaybehelpingto

savealife,butyoucertainlycanVtpretendthat

you\!rebetteroffwithoneKidneyinsteadoftwo.

So,whataretherisks?"Aswithanymajor

operation,thereisachanceofdying,of

reoperationduetobleeding,ofinfection,ofvein

clotsinthelegsoraherniaattheincision,nsays

Dr.ArthurMatas,directoroftherenal-transplant

programattheuniversityofMinnesotaMedical

CenterinMinneapolis.Evenlaparoscopy,a

relativelynewtechniqueforkidneydonation,is

notrisk-free.Doctorsestimatethatchancesof

dyingfromtheprocedureareabout3in10,000.

There\*snomoneytobemade;sellingan

organisillegal.Buttherecipient'sinsurance

normallycoversyouroperationandimmediate

aftercare.Yourcostscanincludehotelbills,lost

payduringrecoveryorpossiblefuturedisability.

Althoughtransplantcentersmustevaluate

anypotentialdonor\*ssuitability,itneverhurtsto

haveanindependentopinion.Themostcommon

contraindicationsareheartdisease,diabetesand

highbloodpressure.

Neverletanyone,notevenacloserelative,

pressureyouintogivingupanorgan-nomatter

ifyou\*renealthy.nTherevsoftenthefeelingthat

资料仅供参考

you\*renotagoodfriend,father,motherifyou

don\*tdothis/*saysArthusCaplan,directorofthe

UniversityofPennsylvaniaX^centerforBioethics.

Sometransplantcenterswillinventa"medical

problem**onbehalfofthosewhoarereluctantto

donatebutfeeltheycan\*tsayno.

1.From1994to1998thenumberof

Americanswhohaddonatedakidneyreached244.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

2.Oneofthereasonswhythenumberof

kidneydonorshasrisenisthatoneisbetteroff

withonekidneyinsteadoftwo.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

3.Yoaon\*thavetobedeadtodonateakidney,

butyouhadbetterknowtherisksbeforeyougive

itup.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

4.NoneoftheAmericanswhodonatesa

kidneyduringtheperiodlastingfrom1994to1998

diedfromtheprocedure.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

5.NoonesellsorgansintheU.S.sinceitis

illegal.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

6.Peoplewithheartdisease,diabetesandhigh

pressurearenotsuitableforkidneydonation.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

7.Sometransplantcentersinventnmedical

problemsntocheatpotentialkidneydonors.

职成逋踝遮哭麻嘱鹦整0

BreakingtheNewsaboutYourDiagnosis

1WhenIwasdiagnosedwithbreastcancer

nearlyayearago,Ifoundmyselfatalossfor

wordsatfirst.Oyertime,however,Ideveloped

somepointers（点子）,whichIhopewillhelp

others.

2Duringthefirstfewweeksofemotional

"aftershocks"（余悸）fromthediagnosis.Ifound

myselfunabletoutterthewordncancer0.,FS"ti：l"l.I1

wantedtosharethenewswithmyLre_l二at二iv_e_s__a_nd

fnendswhoalreadyknewthatI*aPhad-a_bi*op.s.y（活

检）andwereanxiouslyawaitingmyteleph，one';call.

IdidthebestIcould,whichisallanyonecandoin

thissituation.WhenIcalledthem,Isaid,nWhat

资料仅供参考

wefearedhashappened.nTheyimmediatelyknew

whatImeant.

3Nearlyayearaftermydiagnosis,Ifind

myselfmorecomfortabletellingpeoplenlwas

diagnosedwithcancerninsteaaofsayingM,1have

cancer.**Onsomedeeplevel,Idon*twantto

''own''thisillness.Chooselanguagethatsuitsyou

whenyoushareyournews.Andkeepinmmdthat

thereisnoone''right"wayofdoingthis.

4Mostpeople,afterhearingyour

announcement,willbecuriousaboutthenextstep.

Theymaywonderifyouwillbeundergoing

radiationtherapyand/orchemotherapy（w

疗）.Theymaywonderwhereandwhenyouwill

havesur,Answertheirquestionsasbestyou

can,but>inmindthatnldon'tknowright

now"ornI,mstill