600MW电气运行规程Electric-Rev.A

ITPCL2ⅹ600MWOperatingProcedure运行规程ElectricMajor电气专业Preparedby:编写：程凡房Reviewedby:审核：张圣喜Approvedby:批准：Apr2014

Foreword前言Thisprocedureispreparedforstandardizingoperationalruntoguaranteesafeandeconomicoperationofunit2×600MW.Andthisprocedureispreparedbasingonthereferencelikedata,diagramsandmanualfrommanufacturer,andalsodatafromDesigner,Installerandetc.Andthisprocedureisconsideratedasaworkingaccordanceforrunningandcommissioning,andasalearningmaterialfortrainingprogramofrecruits.Afterpublicationofthisprocedure,relatedtechniciansshallbefamiliarwiththisprocedure.Andthisprocedureisusedforrunningandcommissioningofequipmentsof2×600MWThermalPowerPlantofITPCLofIndia.Thisprocedurecomesintoforcefromthedateofpublication.为保证2×600MW机组安全、经济运行，规范运行操作，特制定本规程。本规程依据设备制造厂家资料、图纸、使用说明书，设计院、安装单位等资料编制。本规程作为运行调试、操作的工作依据，有关技术、运行人员应熟知本规程，同时也作为新入厂员工上岗培训学习的资料。本规程适用于印度ITPCL2X600MW燃煤电站项目2×600MW机组设备的调试、运行。本规程自发布之日起开始执行。Contents目录TOC\o"1-3"\uChapterOneOperationregulationsforthegeneratoranditsexcitationsysetm \o"第一篇 发电机及其励磁系统运行规程"ChapterOneOperationregulationsforthegeneratoranditsexcitationsysetm第一篇发电机及其励磁系统运行规程1Overview1概述ThegeneratorisQFSN-600-2-22Gtypethree-phase,two-poleandnon-salientpolerotorsynchronousACgeneratordesignedandmanufacturedbyDongfangElectricMachineryCo.,Ltd.Itisdirectlydrivenbytheturbine.Seenfromtheturbineheadtowardsthegenerator,itsrotationdirectionisclockwise.发电机为东方电机股份有限公司设计、制造的QFSN-600-2-22G型三相、二极、隐极式转子同步交流发电机，由汽轮机直接驱动，其旋转方向从汽轮机头向发电机看为顺时针。Thegeneratoradoptsthecoolingmodeof“water-hydrogen-hydrogen”,thatis,thestatorwindinganditsleadingwireandoutgoingwireadoptinternalwatercooling,therotorwindingadoptshydrogencoolingandthestatorcoreandendsadopthydrogensurfacecooling.Hydrogenintheenginebaseiscirculatedinaclosedcycleviaaxialfansonbothendsoftherotor.发电机采用“水氢氢”冷却方式，即：定子线圈及其引线、出线采用水内冷，转子绕组采用氢冷，定子铁芯及端部采用氢气表面冷却。机座内的氢气由转子两端的轴流式风扇进行闭式循环。GeneratorexcitationsystemisselfparallelexcitationstaticsystemItiscomprisedofExcitationTransformer,siliconcontrolledrectifier（SCR),automaticvoltageregulator（AVR),deexcitationandovervoltageprotectiondevice,startexcitationdevice,necessarymonitor,protectionandwarningdevices.ExcitationsystemisprovidedwithasetofAVRcubical,asetoffieldbreakercubicle,asetoffieldflashingDCoutputcubicle,asetofconvertercubicle,asetofACinputcubicleandthreesetofonephasedry-typetransformer.发电机励磁系统采用自并励静止励磁系统。系统主要由机端励磁变压器、可控硅整流装置、自动电压调节器、灭磁和过电压保护装置、启励装置、必要的监测、保护、报警辅助装置等组成。励磁系统包括一面励磁调节柜、一面磁场开关柜、一面直流出线柜、三面整流柜、一面交流出线柜和三台单相干式变压器。Theexcitationsystemofferedisofstatictype.Excitationtransformerandstaticrectifierwouldbeassembly.ExcitationtransformeristappedofffromthegeneratorbusducttosupplytheexcitationcurrentACfortheexcitationsystem.Thetwo-channelautomaticexcitationregulatorwithpowersystemstabilizerisalsoprovided.Staticconverterswillhaveenoughstandby.Thenumberofparallelbridgesinthepowerconverterisfive.Incaseoffailureofoneofpowerconverter,itwillpermitcontinuousoperationunderallgeneratoroperatingstatusincludingforcingexcitation.Incaseoffailureoftwoofpowerconverter,itcanprovideratedfieldcurrent.Thesystemwillbecapableofsupplyingthefieldforcingrequirementforatleast30seconds.励磁系统为静态励磁。励磁变和静止励磁柜连接。励磁变直接从发电机出口封闭母线上取交流电源。同时提供双通道自动励磁调节器和电力系统稳定器PSS。静态整流器冗余配置，配置5只整流器。一只整流器故障时，发电机可连续运行，满足强励要求。两只整流桥故障时，满足额定运行要求。励磁系统满足至少30秒的强励需要。2Equipmentspecifications2设备规范CapacitiesandKeyParametersoftheGenerator:发电机容量和主要参数：ModelNo.QFSN-600-2-22G型号QFSN-600-2-22G额定容量706MVARatedoutput(MW)600MW,额定出力（MW）600MWRatedfrequency(Hz)50Hz额定频率（Hz50HzRatedpowerfactor0.85额定功率因数0.85Ratedterminalvoltage22kV额定机端电压22kVRatedrevolution3000rpm额定转速3000rpmRatedcurrent18524.6A额定电流18524.6ARatedexcitingcurrent4715.64A额定励磁电流4715.64AExcitingvoltage429.89V励磁电压429.89VShortcircuitratio(withoutnegativetolerance)≥0.5短路电流比（不计负公差）≥0.5Statorwindinginsulation/temperatureriseInsulationClassF定子绕组绝缘/温升F级绝缘Rotorwindinginsulation/temperatureriseInsulationClassF转子绕组绝缘/温升F级绝缘2.3Coolingsystemofthegenerator发电机冷却系统2.3.1Overview2.3.1概述Thehydrogen-oil-watercontrolsystemoftheturbinegeneratorisanauxiliarysystemofthegenerator.Itincludesthreepartswhicharehydrogencontrolsystem,sealingoilsystemandstatorwindingcoolingwatersystem.汽轮发电机氢油水控制系统是发电机的辅助系统。它分为三个部分：即氢气控制系统，密封油系统和定子线圈冷却水系统。2.3.2Hydrogencontrolsystem:Itusesdryhydrogenforcoolingtherotorwindingandstatorcoreofgeneratorandreplacesthegasingeneratorbyusingtheintermediatemediumbeforetheunitisstartedoraftertheunitstopsrunning.2.3.2氢气控制系统：是利用干燥的氢气对发电机转子绕组和定子铁芯进行冷却；在机组起动前或停止运行后利用中间介质置换机内气体。2.3.3Sealingoilsystem(alsoknownassealingpadoilsupplysystem):Itguaranteestheuninterruptedpressureoil(alsoknownassealingoil)supplyrequiredbythesealingpadtoavoidthehydrogeninthesealinggeneratorfromleaking.2.3.3密封油系统（或称密封瓦供油系统）：用以保证密封瓦所需压力油（又称密封油）不间断地供应，以密封发电机内的氢气不外泄。2.3.4Statorwindingcoolingwatersystem:Itguaranteestheuninterruptedwatersupplyforstatorwindingandmonitorsmanyparameterssuchaswaterpressure,flowandconductivity.Thesystemisprovidedwithanautomaticwatertemperatureregulatortoregulatecoolingwaterinlettemperatureofthestatorwindingandkeepitbasicallystable.Itisprovidedwithanionexchangertoimprovethequalityofcoolingwaterenteringthestatorwinding.2.3.4定子线圈冷却水系统：用以保证向定子线圈不间断地供水。监视水压，流量和电导率等参数。系统还设有自动水温调节器，以调节定子线圈冷却水进水温度，使之保持基本稳定。设置有离子交换器，用以提高进入定子线圈冷却水的水质。2.3.5Operatingparametersofcoolingsystemofthegenerator:2.3.5发电机冷却系统运行参数：Name名称Unit单位Value数值Differentialpressurebetweencoolingwaterpressureandhydrogenpressureingenerator冷却水压与发电机氢压的压差MPa0.1—0.2Statorcoolingwaterflow定子冷却水流量m3/h96Statorcoolingwaterinlettemperature定子冷却水进水温度℃40-50℃Statorcoolingwateroutlettemperature定子冷却水出水温度℃≤85Statorcoolingwaterelectricconductivity定子冷却水电导率ìs/cm0.5-1.5Statorcoolingwaterpressure定子冷却水压力MPa0.1-0.35Numberofhydrogencoolers氢气冷却器数目Piece个4Hydrogencoolerwaterinletpressure氢气冷却器进水压力MPa0.35Hydrogencoolerwaterinlettemperature氢气冷却器进水温度℃20-38Hydrogencoolerwaterinlettemperature氢气冷却器进水温度℃≤48Hydrogencoolerwaterflow氢气冷却器水流量m3/h4×115Ratedhydrogenpressure额定氢压MPa0.45Maximumhydrogenpressure最高氢压MPa0.5Coldhydrogentemperature冷氢温度℃30-50Hothydrogentemperature热氢温度℃≤68Hydrogenpurity氢气纯度%≥98Hydrogenhumidity(dewpoint)氢气湿度(露点)℃-5～25Generatorcapacity发电机容积m386Generatorhydrogenleakage发电机漏氢量m3/24h≤122.4Permissibletemperaturesofvariouspartsofthegenerator2.4发电机各部分允许温度Name名称Unit单位Value数值Statorwindingoperationtemperature定子线圈运行温度℃≤120Statorwindingalarmtemperature定子线圈报警温度℃Rotorwindingoperationtemperature转子线圈运行温度℃≤115Statorwindingtemperaturedifference定子线圈温差℃Statorcoreoperationtemperature定子铁芯运行温度℃≤120Statorcorealarmtemperature定子铁芯报警温度℃Statorterminalstructuretemperature定子端部结构件温度℃≤1202.5Valuesassociatedwithvibrationofthegenerator发电机振动相关数值BearingbasevibrationvalueattheratedrevolutionUnit单位Normalvalue正常值额定转速轴承座振动值Verticalmm≤0.025垂直mm≤0.025Horizontalmm≤0.025水平mm≤0.025Axialmm≤0.025轴向mm≤0.025Axlevibrationvalueattheratedrevolution额定转速轴振动值Verticalmm≤0.076垂直mm≤0.076Horizontalmm≤0.075水平mm≤0.0763Operationrulesofthegenerator3发电机运行规定3.1Generalrules一般规定3.1.1Duringnormaloperation,itisimpermissibletooperatethegeneratorwiththevaluesexceedingtheratingsspecifiedinthenameplate.发电机在正常运行时，不允许超过铭牌的额定数据运行。3.1.2Itisimpermissibletooperatethegeneratorwithoutexcitation.发电机不允许无励磁运行。3.1.3Whenthegeneratorisbeingoperatedwiththeratedparameters,themaximumpermissiblemonitoringtemperatureshallbedeterminedonthebasisoftheresultofthetemperaturerisetest.Beforethetemperaturerisetestisperformedonthesite,themaximumpermissiblemonitoringtemperatureshallbelowerthanthepermissiblevaluepermissiblevaluepermissiblevaluespecifiedbythemanufacturer.发电机在额定参数下运行，最高允许监视温度应根据温升试验结果确定，现场没有做温升试验前，最高允许监视温度应低于制造厂的规定允许值。3.1.4Fireworksarestrictlyprohibitedwithin10metersaroundthegeneratorinoperationandwarningsignsshallbeallocatedcompletely.运行中的发电机周围10米以内严禁烟火作业，且警告标示牌定置齐全。3.1.5Whenthegeneratoranditsexcitationsystemisoperatedwiththeratedvoltage,ratedfrequency,thepowerfactorof0.85andthecoolingwatertemperatureofthedesigntemperature,thegeneratorhastheoperationcapacityofcontinuousoutputof630MWoperatingconditionandtemperaturerisesofallpartsofthegeneratordonotexceedthespecifiedvalues.发电机及其励磁系统在额定电压、额定频率、功率因数0.85、冷却水温度为设计温度时，发电机具备连续输出630MW工况的运行能力，且发电机各部件温升不超过规定值Conditionsallowingthegeneratortooutputthemaximumcontinuouspowerof630MW:hydrogenpressureof0.45MPa,waterinlettemperatureofthehydrogencoolerof38℃,wateroutlettemperatureofthehydrogencooler≤48℃,coldhydrogentemperature≤40℃andambienttemperatureintheplant≤30℃.发电机允许输出最大连续功率630MW的条件：氢压0.45Mpa；氢冷器进水温度38℃；氢冷器出水温度≤48℃；冷氢温度≤40℃；厂内环境温度≤30℃。3.2Operationruleswhenthevoltage,cyclicwaveandpowerfactorchanges电压、周波、力率变化时的运行规定3.2.1发电机在额定功率因数，电压变化范围为±5％和频率变化范围为-5％到＋3％时，能连续输出额定功率，保证温升不超过规定的限值10K以上.3.2.2Whenthevoltageofthegeneratordropsbelow95%oftheratedone,thepermissiblecurrentofthestatorduringthelong-timeoperationshallnotexceed105%oftheratedone.当发电机的电压下降到低于额定值的95%时，定子允许长时间运行的电流不得超过额定值的105%。3.2.3Usuallytheoperatingfrequencyofgeneratorshallremain50Hz.Thegeneratorcanoperatecontinuouswithintherangefrom47.5to50.5Hz.Seethefrequencyvariationandpermissibleoperationtimeinthefollowingtable:3.2.3发电机的运行频率正常应维持在50Hz，在47.5-50.5Hz范围内，可连续运行。频率变化及其允许运行时间见下表：Output输出Powerfactor功率因数Voltagevariation电压变化Frequencyvariation频率变化Overallvariationofvoltagefrequency电压频率综合变化Hydrogencoolerwaterinlettemperature氢气冷却器进水温度Hydrogenpressure氢气压力Temperaturerise温升Ratedoutput:额定输出0.85(lagging)0.85（滞后）±5%±2%5%38deg.C0.45MPaBGradeB级Ratedoutput:额定输出0.85(lagging)0.85（滞后）±5%-5~3%5%38deg.C0.45MPaFGradeF级Ratedoutput:额定输出0.85(lagging)~0.95(leading)0.85（滞后）~0.95（超前）±5%±2%5%38deg.C0.45MPaBGrade+10KB级+10KRatedoutput:额定输出0.85(lagging)~0.95(leading)0.85（滞后）~0.95（超前）±5%-5~3%5%38deg.C0.45MPaBGrade+10K(continuousrunning)B级+10K（持续运行）VWOworkingconditionVWO工况0.85(lagging)0.85（滞后）±5%±2%5%38deg.C0.45MPaFGradeF级≥0.9(lagging)不小于0.9（滞后）±5%-5~3%5%38deg.C0.45MPaFGrade(theoperationtimeadaptstotherunningstatusofsteamturbineundertheVWOoperatingcondition)F级（运行时间与VWO工况下汽轮机的运行情况相适应）3.2.4Thepowerfactorofthegeneratorshallbethelaggingphaseof0.85andgenerally,notexceed0.95.Whentheautomaticexcitationregulatorisputintouse,itispermissibletooperatewithintherangeof0.95-1.0.发电机的功率因数保持迟相0.85，一般不超过迟相0.95。自动励磁调节器投入时，允许在0.95～1.0范围内运行。3.2.5Thegeneratorcanbeoperatedbyreducingthepowerfactor.However,therotorcurrentexceedingtheratedoneisimpermissibleandtheapparentpowershallbereduced.Whenthepowerfactorisincreased,theapparentpowerofthegeneratorshallnotbemorethantheratedone.Whenthepowerfactorischanged,thepermissibleloadshallconformtotheoutputcurveofthegenerator.发电机可以降低功率因数运行，但转子电流不允许超过额定值，且视在功率应减少，当功率因数增大时，发电机视在功率不能大于额定值，功率因数变化时允许负荷应符合发电机出力曲线。3.2.6Thepermissiblerangeoftheleadingphaseoperationofthegeneratormainlyislimitedbytwofactors:staticstabilityofthegeneratorandheatingoftheendstructureofthestatorcore.Itispermissibletooperatethisgeneratorcontinuouslyattheratedvalueoftheactivepowerandthepowerfactorof0.95(advance)(statorcurrent≤18524.6A).发电机进相运行的允许范围，主要受发电机静态稳定和定子铁芯端部结构发热两个因素限制，本发电机允许在有功功率的额定值，功率因数为0.95(超前)的情况下持续运行(定子电流≤18524.6A)。3.2.7发电机具有失磁异步运行能力，但东电不推荐失磁异步运行。3.2.8Normally,thestatorcurrentofthegeneratorshallbesameinthreephases.Undercontinuouslyunbalancedloading,thecurrentdifference(I2)betweenphasesshallnotexceed10%oftheratedvalue(IN)andthecurrentinthelargestphaseshallnotexceedtheratedvalue.Underunbalancedloadinginashorttime,(I2/IN)2t≤10seconds.发电机定子电流正常三相应相同，在持续不平衡负荷时，各相电流之差(I2)，不得超过额定值(IN)的10％，且最大一相的电流不得超过额定值。在短时不平衡负荷时，(I2/IN)2t≤10秒。3.3Operationrulesduringshort-timeoverloadofthegenerator发电机短时过负荷运行规定3.3.1Incasethatthesystemisfailed,toensurethestabilityofthesystem,itispermissibletooperatethegeneratorwiththestatoroverloadandtherotorover-currentforashorttime.However,hydrogenparametersofthegenerator,internalwatercoolingparametersofthestatorwindingandthestatorvoltageshallbetheratedones.在系统故障的情况下，为保证系统稳定性，发电机允许定子短时过负荷、转子短时过电流运行，但此时发电机的氢气参数，定子绕组水内冷参数，定子电压均应保持在额定值。3.3.2S发电机具有一定的短时过负荷能力，能承受1.5倍的额定定子电流历时30秒，而不发生有害变形及接头开焊等情况。发电机允许过电流时间与过电流倍数按以下公式计算：（I2－1）t＝37.5s3.3.3Short-timeovercurrentcapacityoftheexcitationwinding(twiceshallnotbeexceededeveryyear)励磁绕组短时过电流能力(每年不超过2次)Time(second)103060120Overcurrentmultiple2.081.461.251.12时间(秒)103060120过电流倍数2.081.461.251.12Itcanalsobedeterminedviathefollowingformula:(I2-1)t=37.5where:I–overcurrentmultiple,t–overcurrenttime(unit:second)也可按下式确定：(I2-1)t=37.5其中：I--过电流倍数t--过电流时间(单位：秒)3.4Rulesoncoolingmedia冷却介质的规定3.4.1Normally,inletpressureofstatorcoolingwateris0.1–0.3Mpa.定冷水进水压力正常为：0.1～0.3Mpa。3.4.2Normally,inlettemperatureofstatorcoolingwateris45±3℃.Whenitishigherthan48℃orlowerthan42℃,thesystemwillalarm.定冷水进水温度正常为：45±5℃；当高于50℃或低于40℃时报警。3.4.3Theratedflowofstatorcoolingwateris45t/h.Itispermissibletooperatethegeneratoronlyfor30secondswhencoolingwateriscutoffundertheratedload.Ifstatorcoolingwatercannotberecoveredafter30seconds,thegeneratorshallbesplitandtheterminalvoltageshallbereducedtozero.I定冷水额定流量为96t/h。在额定负荷下发生断水，只允许运行30秒；30秒后定冷水仍不能恢复，则应解列发电机，并降机端电压为零。3.4.4Intheconditionsofvariousloads,hydrogenpressureshallbeintherangeof0.3±0.02MPa.Duringnormaloperation,itisimpermissibletooperatethegeneratorbyreducingthehydrogenpressure.Whenitisnecessarytooperatethegeneratorbyreducingthehydrogenpressureinspecialconditions,loadshallbecontrolledaccordingtothetablebelowbasedontheoutputdiagramofthegenerator(cosφ=0.85),theminimumhydrogenpressureshallbe0.1Mpaandstatorcoolingwaterpressureandhydrogencoolercoolingwaterpressuremustbeatleast0.04Mpalowerthanthehydrogenpressure.Andthegeneratorshallbeinspectedcompletelyimmediatelytofindcauses,eliminatethefailureandrecoverthehydrogenpressuretonormalassoonaspossible.Ifalotofhydrogenisfoundinthestatorcoolingwatersystem,thegeneratorshallbeshutdownandinspectedimmediately.在各种负荷条件下，氢气压力都应维持在0.45MPa范围内。发电机正常运行时，不允许降低氢压运行。特殊情况下需降低氢压运行时，应遵循发电机出力图按下表控制负荷(cosφ=0.85)，且最低氢压为0.1Mpa，定冷水压及氢冷器冷却水压必须低于氢气压力至少0.04Mpa。并立即全面检查发电机，查明原因，消除故障，尽快使氢压恢复正常；若在定冷水系统中发现大量氢气，应立即停机检查。3.4.5Intheconditionsofvariousloads,coldhydrogentemperatureshallbeintherangeof30-46℃.Normally,hothydrogentemperatureshallbe≤65℃.Whenthecoldhydrogentemperatureofthegeneratoristheratedvalue,itsloadshallnotbehigherthan1.1timesoftheratedvalue.Whenthecoldhydrogentemperatureishigherthan46℃,thestatorcurrentshallbereducedby2%whenthetemperatureisraisedby1℃.Whenthecoldhydrogentemperatureexceeds50℃,itisimpermissibletooperatethegenerator.在各种负荷条件下，冷氢温度都应维持在30～46℃范围内。热氢温度正常≤68℃。发电机冷氢温度为额定值时，其负荷不应高于额定值的1.1倍；当冷氢温度高于46℃时，每升高1℃定子电流应降低2%；冷氢温度超过50℃时，不允许发电机运行。3.4.6Duringnormaloperationofthegenerator,fourhydrogencoolersshallbeputintouse.Waterflowandpressureofeveryhydrogencoolershallbebalancedandshallnotbetoolarge.Whenthecoolingwaterinlettemperaturedoesnotexceed38℃,coldhydrogentemperatureshallnotexceed50℃.Whenonecoolerisoutofservice,thegeneratorstillcanbeoperatedcontinuouslywith70%oftheratedpowerwiththetemperaturerisenotexceedingthepermissibleone.Intheconditionthatcoldhydrogendoesnotexceed50℃when10%ofthepipelineforeveryhydrogencoolerisblatchedandcoolingwaterinlettemperaturedoesnotexceed38℃,thegeneratorstillcanbeoperatedcontinuouslywith70%ofthemaximumcontinuouspower.发电机正常运行时，应投入四台氢气冷却器；每个氢冷器的水流量及压力应均衡，且不宜太大；在冷却水进水温度不超过38℃时，冷氢温度不超过50℃。当1只冷却器停用时，发电机仍能承担70%额定功率连续运行，不会超过允许温升；在每只氢冷器10％管道堵塞时，在冷却水进水温度不超过38℃时，冷氢温度不超过50℃的情况下，发电机仍能承担70%最大连续功率连续运行。3.4.7Inspecttheinternalhumidityatanytimetomaintaintheinternalhydrogenhumidity≤-5-25g/m3。随时检查机内湿度，保持机内氢气湿度≤-5～25g/m3。(以实际不结露为准)3.4.8Inspecttheinternalhydrogenpurityregularly.Ifthepurityisreducedto96%,dischargecontaminationandaddhydrogen.Theamountofeveryreplacementshallnotexceed10%ofthetotalhydrogenamount.定期检查机内氢气纯度。若机内氢气纯度降到了96%，应排污补氢；每次置换的氢气量不应超过10%的氢气总量。3.4.9Statorcoolingwaterinlettemperatureshallbeatleast2–5℃higherthancoldhydrogentemperature.定冷水进水温度应高于冷氢温度至少2～5℃。3.4.10Inanycase,statorcoolingwaterpressureandhydrogencoolercoolingwaterpressureshallbeatleast0.04Mpalowerthanhydrogenpressure.任何情况下，定冷水压及氢冷器冷却水压应低于氢气压力至少0.04Mpa。3.4.11Sealoilpressureshallbe0.056±0.02Mpahigherthanhydrogenpressure.密封油压应高于氢气压力0.056±0.02Mpa。3.5Rulesonbearingvibrationandtemperature轴承振动和温度的规定3.5.1Thepermissiblevalueofthebearingbaseinthedirectionoftwocoordinates(doubleamplitude)shallbenotmorethan0.025mm(guaranteevalue)andbenotmorethan0.10mmbeyondthecriticalspeed.Thepermissiblevalueoftherelativedisplacementoftheshaftvibration(doubleamplitude)shallbelessthan0.076mmandlessthan0.15mmbeyondthecriticalspeed.轴承座在二个座标方向的允许值（双倍振幅）为不大于0.025毫米（保证值），过临界转速时不大于0.10毫米。轴振振动相对位移允许值（双倍振幅）为小于0.076毫米，过临界转速小于0.15毫米。Duringnormaloperationofthegenerator,whentheshaftvibrationis≥0.125mm,thegeneratoralarmsandwhenitis≥0.254,thegeneratorshallbesplit.发电机正常运行过程中，轴振≥0.125mm报警，≥0.254mm解列。Duringnormaloperationofthegenerator,thebearingvibrationshallbe≤0.025mm.发电机正常运行时，轴承振动应≤0.025mm。3.5.2Duringnormaloperationofthegenerator,bearingoilinlettemperatureshallbe35-45℃,oiloutlettemperature<70℃andbushtemperature<105℃.发电机正常运行时，轴承进油温度应在35～45℃之间，出油温度应<70℃，轴瓦温度应<105℃。3.6Rulesoninsulationresistanceofthegenerator发电机绝缘电阻的规定3.6.1Theinsulationresistanceagainstgroundandbetweenphasesofthestatorwinding(withoutwater,dryandclosetotheworkingtemperature)shallbe≥5MΩ(2500Vmegohmmeter).定子绕组(无存水、干燥、接近工作温度时)，其对地和相间绝缘电阻≥5MΩ(2500V兆欧表)。3.6.2Theinsulationresistanceoftherotorwinding(coldstate20℃andthedeexcitationswitchshallbedisconnected)shallbe≥1MΩ(500Vmegohmmeter).转子绕组(冷态20℃，应断开灭磁开关)，绝缘电阻≥1MΩ(500V兆欧表)。3.6.3Itisprohibitedtomeasuretheinsulationresistancebetweenpositiveandnegativeelectrodesoftheexcitationsystemwiththemegohmmetersoastopreventreversebreakdownoftherectifiertube.禁止用兆欧表测励磁系统的正负极间绝缘电阻，以防整流管反向击穿。3.6.4Theinsulationresistanceofthethermometricelement(coldstate20℃)shallbe≥1MΩ(250Vmegohmmeter).测温元件(冷态20℃)，绝缘电阻≥1MΩ(250V兆欧表)。3.6.5Theinsulationresistanceofthestatormanifoldandoutgoinglinewaterinletpipeshallbe≥100KΩwithoutwaterandbe≥30KΩwithwatersupplied(1000Vmegohmmeteroruniversalmeter).定子汇流管及出线进水管，无存水时≥100KΩ，通水时≥30KΩ(1000V兆欧表或万用表)。3.6.6Theinsulationresistanceoftheexcitation-endbearingandoilsealingagainstgroundshallbe≥1MΩ(1000Vmegohmmeter).励端轴承、油密封对地绝缘电阻≥1MΩ(1000V兆欧表)。3.6.7Insulationresistanceofvariouspartsshallbemeasuredpriortostartupofthegeneratorafterrepairandoverhaul.大小修后的发电机，在启动前应测量各部绝缘。3.6.8Resultsfromeverymeasurementshallberecordedintheinsulationresistancelogbookandbereportedtotheshiftsupervisor.每次所测结果应记入绝缘电阻记录簿内，并汇报值长。3.6.9Ifsomeinsulationresistancevalueisnotcoincidentwiththespecifiedvalue,measuresshallbetakentorecoverit.Ifitcannotberecovered,itsoperationinputshallbeapprovedbythechiefengineer.若某绝缘电阻值不符合规定值，应采取措施恢复；一时恢复不了，能否投入运行应经总工批准。3.7Operationrulesoftheexcitationsystem励磁系统运行规定3.7.1Theexcitationequipmentshallberemotecontrolledinnormalconditionsandcanbeoperatedlocallyfordebugging,testingoremergencycontrol.正常情况下励磁装置应远控操作；调试、试验或紧急控制时可就地操作。≥0.9(lagging)不小于0.9（滞后）±5%-5~3%5%38deg.C0.45MPaFGrade(theoperationtimeadaptstotherunningstatusofsteamturbineundertheVWOoperatingcondition)F级（运行时间与VWO工况下汽轮机的运行情况相适应）3.7.2UseadigitalmicrocomputerbasedAVRwhichhasreliableperformanceaswellashardinterfaceandcommunicationinterface(thetypeistobedetermined)withDCS.IthastwomasterredundantcontrollersAandBwhicharecompletelyindependentinrespectofsignalinputandsignaloutputandrespectivelyacceptsemaphoresfromthePTandCTsecondarysides.Whenonechannelbreaksdown,itcanswitchtoanotherchannelautomaticallyandtriggerpulsewithnondisturbancetocontrolthesiliconcontrolledrectifierdirectly.Whentheworkingsystembreaksdown,itcanswitchtothestandbysystemautomatically.Eachmastercontrolleralsohasthemanualexcitationcontrolfunctionwhichissubjecttoautomatictracking.3.7.2AVR采用数字微机型，其性能可靠，并具有与DCS的硬接口和通信接口（型式待定）。它有2个冗余主控制器A和B，两个主控制器从信号输入到信号输出完全相互独立，分别接受来自不同的PT和CT二次侧的信号量，一通道故障时自动切换为另一通道且无扰动触发脉冲直接控制可控硅整流器。当工作系统故障时，将自动切换至备用系统。每个主控制器还包含手动励磁控制功能，手动励磁控制功能具备自动跟踪功能。AVRhasthefollowingoperationmodes:AVR具有下列运行方式：--Constantvoltageoperationatthecomputerterminal--机端恒压运行--Constantexcitingcurrentoperation--恒励磁电流运行--Constantreactivepoweroperation--恒无功功率运行--Constantoperation--恒功率因数运行--No-loadtrackingnetworkvoltageoperation--空载跟踪网压运行3.7.3Intheautomaticmodeoftheexcitationsystem,regulatethegeneratorvoltageautomatically.Inthemanualmode,automaticallymaintainconstantexcitationofthegenerator(fieldcurrent).Itisnecessarytoregulatemanuallytheexcitation(thegivenvalueofthefieldcurrent)basedontheloadchangesoastokeepthegeneratorvoltageconstant.Thenon-operatingregulationmodealwaysfollowstheoperatingregulationmodeanddifferentoperatingmodescanbeswitched.Whenthemanualmodeisfailed,latchtheautomatictomanualswitching.Whentheoperationconditionsexceedtheoperationrangeallowedinthemanualmode,themanualregulatorshalllatchthetrackingofthemanualchannel.Inordertoavoidthemanualmodefrombeingswitchedtothefailurestatewhenthefailureisremoved,delaytrackingshallbeadopted.励磁系统自动方式下，自动调节发电机电压。手动方式下，自动维持发电机恒定励磁(磁场电流)；需人为根据负荷变化，来调整励磁(磁场电流的给定值)，以维持发电机电压恒定。非运行调节方式总是跟随运行调节方式，可在不同的运行方式之间进行切换。手动方式发生故障，闭锁自动到手动的切换；当工况超出手动方式允许的运行范围，手动调节器闭锁手动通道的跟踪。为避免故障切除时手动方式切换到故障状态，采用延时跟踪。3.7.4Intheautomaticmode,thegivenvalueofthegeneratorvoltageshallbeadjustedviatheexcitationincrease/decreaseorders.Whenthelimiteracts,stoptheactionoftheexcitationincrease/decreaseordersinthelimitationdirection.Inthemanualmode,thegivenvalueoftheexcitationcurrentshallbeadjustedviatheexcitationincrease/decreaseorders.ThemanualmodeonlyhaslowexcitationlimitationandV/Hzlimitation.Theexcitationincrease/decreaseordersarenotalwaysprotectedbythelimiter.So,itmustbeadjustedmanuallytopreventoverride.自动方式下，发电机电压的给定值由增磁/减磁命令来调整；当限制器动作，在限制方向上阻止增磁/减磁命令的作用。手动方式下，励磁电流给定值由增磁/减磁命令来调整；手动方式只有低励限制和V/Hz限制，增磁/减磁命令不是总能受到限制器的保护，必须人为调整不越限。3.7.5Prerequisitesofexcitationstart:theexcitationswitchintheengagedposition,withoutdisengageorderandtrippingsignal,thespeedofthegeneratormorethan90%oftheratedvalueandwithexcitationpowersupply.完成起励的前提条件：励磁开关在合位；无分闸命令和跳闸信号；发电机转速大于90%额定值；有起励电源。3.7.6Aftertworegulatorsarefailed,therectifiercabinetshallbeswitchedtothe“manual”modetomaintainthegeneratorvoltagenormal.两套调节器故障后，应将整流柜切到“手动”方式运行，维持发电机电压正常。3.7.7The“manual”modeoftheregulatorisnotthenormaloperationmode,soitshallbereportedtotheshiftsupervisorandthechiefengineerforquickdisposal.调节器“手动”方式为非正常运行方式，应汇报值长、总工，尽快处理。3.7.8Whentheexcitationsystemisfailed,theexcitationregulatorwillquitoperationautomaticallyandtheexcitationswitchwillbedisconnected.励磁系统故障，励磁调节器将自动退出运行，同时励磁开关断开。4Monitoring,inspectionandmaintenanceduringtheoperationofthegenerator4发电机运行中的监视、检查及维护4.1Monitoringduringtheoperationofthegenerator发电机运行中的监视4.1.1Duringtheoperationofthegenerator,allmetersshallbestrictlymonitoredtoensurecorrectindicationandallparametersnotexceedingthespecifiedvaluesandtheoperationconditionsshallbeanalyzedcarefully.发电机运行中应严格监视各表计指示正确，各参数不超过规定值；并认真分析运行工况。4.1.2Theparametersofthegeneratorunderoperationinvariousoperationconditionsshallberecordedeveryhouraccordingtotherulesandcomparedwiththeprintedreport.Ifanydifferenceoccurs,theanalysisshallbeconductedtofindcauses.Ifindividualparametersarefoundabnormal,monitoringonthispointcanbeintensifiedbasedonthespecificconditionsandmeterreadingintervalscanbeshortened.Thisshallbereportedtotheshiftsupervisorandnoticedtotheexaminationandmaintenancepersonnel.每小时应按规定抄录运行发电机各工况参数，并与打印报表对照。若有差异，应分析原因；若发现个别参数异常，可根据具体情况加强对该点的监视，缩短抄表时间，并汇报值长，通知检修。4.1.3Duringactiveandreactiveadjustmentofthegenerator,attentionshallbepaidtochangesofvariousparameters.在进行发电机有功、无功调整时，应注意各参数变化情况。4.1.4Maketheoverallmonitoring,reportimmediatelyifanyabnormallyisfoundandadjustasnecessary.全面监视，发现异常及时汇报，并做必要的调整。4.1.5Maketheaccidentanticipationinvariousoperationconditions.做好各种工况下的事故预想4.2Inspectionduringtheoperationofthegenerator发电机运行中的检查4.2.1Inspectionofthecentralcontrolroomandthedistributionroom集控室和配电室的检查Indicationsofallmetersshallnotexceedthepermissiblevaluesandcorrelationshallbecorrect.各表计的指示不应超过允许值，相互关系应正确。Positionfeedbackofallknifeswitchesandswitchesshallbeconsistentwiththepositionsindicatedactuallyandcorrect.各刀闸及开关位置反馈与实际指示位置应相符并且正确。Indicationsofthree-phasevoltmeterandammetershallbebalanced.三相电压、电流表指示应平衡。Audibleandvisualalarmshallworkwithoutanomaly.声光报警无异常。Relaysandautomaticdevicesshallbenormalwithoutoverheatingandfuming.继电器和自动装置应正常，无过热冒烟现象。Alllightsignalsshallindicatenormally.各灯光信号指示正常。TheDCsystemshalloperatenormally.直流系统运行正常。Theregulatorsshalloperatenorma