2016年职称英语考试职称英语理工B小抄王霞版理工B

InventorofLED........................................................................496

ElNino............................................................................................3

Smoking.........................................................................................4

EngineeringEthics........................................错误!未定义书签.

RescuePlatform.......................................................................499

MkrochipResearchCenterCreated......................................501

ModerateEarthquakeStrikesEngland...................................501

WhatlsaDream?......................................................................502

DangersAwaitBabieswithAltitude......................................504

TheBiologyofMusic...............................................................504

MoreThan8HoursSleepTooMuchofaGoodThing.........506

SootandSow：aHotCombination.........................................507

IcyMicrobes..............................................................................S08

HowWeFormFirstImpression..............................................510

MoreRuralResearchIsNeeded............................................512

WashoeLeamedAmericanSignLanguage...........................513

WorldCrudeOilProductionMayPeakaDecadeEarlierThanSomePredict|H：界原油产地可能提前十年达到卸值515

CitizenScientists公民科学家..........................516

■MotorlngTechnology汽车技术........................517

Late-NightDrinking----在深夜饮咖啡..........514

-SugarPowerforCellPhones用糖为手机发电520

EiffelIsanEyeful弓I人注目的埃菲尔铁塔521

YoungFemaleChimpsOutlearnThe!rBrothers年轻蛾相狎学习优于它们的弟兄518

WhenOurEyesServeOurStomach我们的视觉服务于我们的罚II524

-FloridaHitbyCoIdAirMass纳佛罗里达ifl受冷气团袭击....525

InvisibilityRing隐形环.................................526

JapaneseCarKeepsWatchforDrunkDrivers□本用来监视醉酒司机的新型概念?527

WingedRobotLearnstoFly肋生双翅机㈱入学E行.......528

JapaneseDrillingintoCoreofEarth日本人的地心旅行....529

ASunshadeforthePlanet地球防晒雷...................530

ThkstforOH石油匮乏................................531

MusicalRobotCompanionEnhancesListenerExperience....532

ExploreroftheExtremeDeep深海探索器...............533

-PlantGas植物,沼气的乂一来源.......................534

RealWorldRobots现实生活中的机器人...........535

PoweringaCity?It'saBreeze风力发电？轻而易举错误!未定义书签.

UndergroundCoaIFiresaLoomingCatastrophe....................537

-MaleandFemalepilotscauseaccidentsdifferently.............539

SieepLetsBrainFileMemories唾配促使记忆归档存儡...541

-DigitalRealm数码王国................错误!未定义书签.

•HurricaneKatrina卡特里爆飓风........错误!未定义书签.

Mind-readinglMachine读心机.......................545

ExpertsCaIIforlocalandRegionalControlofSite$forRadioactiveWaste-............................................541

•、MobiIePhones•移动电话...........542

二、TheWorld'sLongestBridge....................................................548

、ReinventingtheTabie...........................................................549

四、TheBilingualBrain...................................................................550

五、ARecord-BreakingRover（新增C）....................................550

六、DungtoDeath........................................................................551

七、TimeintheAnimalWorid.......................................................552

八、WatchingMicrocurrentsFlow................................................553

[1]CaptainCookArrowLegend（摩克船长弓上的传说）..556

[2]AvalancheandItsSafety（皆崩和安全问题）.........5S7

[4]Animal's"SixthSense“（动物的“第六感“）.....558

[5]SingingAlarmsCouldSavetheBlind（警报徭救百人）..558

[6]CarThievesCouldBeStoppedRemoteM远程制止偷车版）559

（7]AnIntelligentCar（智能汽车）....................560

[9]WonderWebs（奇妙的网）.......................561

[10]ChickenSoupfortheSouI:ComfortFoodFightsLoneliness（心灵鸡汤：爽心食品排解孤独感）561

InventorofLED---LED的发明者

[近义词]WhenNickHolonyaksetouttocreateanewkindofvisibIelightingusingsemiconductoralloys,hiscolleaguesthought

hewasunrealistic.Today,hisdiscoveryoflight-emittingdiodesorlEDs,areusedineverythingfromDVDstoalarmclockstoairports.

Dozensofhisstudentshavecontinuedhiswork,developingIightingusedintrafficlightsandothereverydaytechnology.

[反义词]OnApril23,2004,Holonyakreceivedthe$500,000LemeIson-MITPrizeataceremonyinWashington.Thismarksthe

1OthyearthattheLemelson-MITProgramattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）hasgiventheawardtoprominent

inventors.

[词源解析]"Anytimeyougetanaward,bigorlittle,it'salwaysasurprise/'Holonyaksaid.

Holonyak,75,wasastudentofJohnBardeen,aninventorofthetransistor,intheearly1950s.A代ergraduateschool,Holonyak

workedatBellLabs.HelaterwenttoGeneralElectric,whereheinventedaswitchnowwidelyusedinhousedimmerswitches.

[Ml关短i吾】Later,Holonyakstartedlookingintohowsemiconductorscouldbeusedtogeneratelight.Butwhilehiscolleagues

werelookingathowtogenerateinvisiblelight,bewantedtogeneratevisibleIight.TheLEDsheinventedin1962nowIastabout10

timesIongerthanincandescentbulbs,andaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandcosteffective.

【派生词]Holonyak,nowaprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringandphysicsattheUniversityofIllinois,saidhes

uspectedthatLEDswouldbecomeascommonplaceastheyaretoday.Butdidn'trealizehowmanyusestheywouldhave.

【近义词】"Youdon'tknowinthebeginning.Youthinkyou'redoingsomethingimportant,youthinkit'sworthdoing,butyou

reallycan'ttelIwhatthebigpayoffisgoingtobe,andwhen,andhow.Youjustdon'tknow,"hesaid.

【词源解析】TheLemelson-MITProgramalsorecognizedEdithFlanigen,75,withthe$100,000Lemelson-MITLifetimeAchie

vementAwardforherworkonanewgenerationof"molecularsieves"thatcanseparatemoleculesbysize.

【反义词】当NickHolonyak着手用半导体合金创造一种新的可视照明设备的时候，同事们都认为他不现实。今天，他发现的发

光二极管，或叫LED,使用范围覆盖从DVD到机场警钟的一切东西。他的许多学生继续着他的工作，发明了交通灯中使用的照明

设备和其他日用技术。

2004年4月23日，Holonyak在华盛顿的一次典礼上被授予LemeIson-MIT项目的50万美元的奖金。这是麻省理工的

Lemelson-MIT项目第十年颁奖给杰出的发明人◎

【相关短语】“任何时候你得了奖，不论是大是小，总是一分惊喜JHolonyak说。

Holonyak,75岁，是20世纪50年代初期晶体管的发明者JohnBardeen的学生。从研究生院毕业之后，Holonyak在Bell实验

室工作。之后去了通用电器公司，在那里他发明了一种开关，现在在家用减光开关中普遍使用。

【词源解析】后来，Holonyak开始研究何应用半导体发电。当他的同事们正在研究如何发出看不见的光时，他却想要看得见的

光。1962年他发明的LED,现在的使用寿命可以比白炽灯泡长十倍，而且更环保、更经济。

Holonyak现在是伊利诺伊大学电子、计算机工程和物理专业的教授，他说他预料到LED的使用有可能像今天这样普遍，但

没有意识到它会有多少用途。

【派生词】"开始的时候你并不知道，你认为你在做一件很重要的事情，你认为它值得做，但是你不能说出要付出多大的代价,

什么时候付出，怎样付出。你并不知道。”他说。

Lemelson-MIT项目同样授予75岁的EdithFlanigen10万美元的终身成就奖，她的成就是创造新一代的“分子筛”，也就是

可以通过大小来分离分子。

【近义词］1.Holonyak'scolleaguesthoughthewouldfaiIinhisresearchonLEDsatthetimewhenhestartedit.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

2.HolonyakbelievedthathisstudentsthatwereworkingwithhimontheprojectwouldgettheLemelson-MITPrizesooneror

later.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

3.Holonyakwastheinventorofthetransistorintheearly1950s.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

4.HolonyakbelievedthatLEDswouIdbecomeverypopularinthefuture.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

5.Holonyaksaidthatyoushouldnotdoanythingyouarenotinterestedin.

ARightBWrong£Notmentioned

6.EdithFlanigenistheonlyco-inventorofLEDs.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

7.TheLemelson-MITPrizehasahistoryofover100years.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

ElNino----------厄尔尼诺

【近义词］Whilesomeforecastingmethodshadlimitedsuccesspredictingthe1997EINinoafewmonthsinadvance1,theCol

umbiaUniversityresearcherssaytheirmethodcanpredictlargeElNinoeventsuptotwoyearsinadvance.Thatwouldbegood

newsforgovernments,farmersandothersseekingtoplanforthedroughtsandheavyrainfallthatElNinocanproduceinvarious

partsoftheworid.

【反义词】Usingacomputer,theresearchersmatchedsea-surfacetemperaturestoIaterElNinooccurrencesbetween1980and

2000andwerethenabletoanticipateElNinoeventsdatingbackto1857,usingpriorsea-surfacetemperatures.Theresuitswere

reportedinthelatestissueofthejournalNature.

【派生词】Theresearcherssaytheirmethodisnotperfeet,butBryanCWeare,ameteorologistattheUniversityofCalifornia,

Davis,whowasnotinvolvedinthework,saiditusuggests2ElNinoisindeedpredictable.”

［相关短语】"ThiswilIprobablyconvinceotherstosearcharoundmoreforevenbettermethods,"saidWeare.Headdedthatthe

newmethod“makesitpossibletopredictElNinoatIongleadtimes3.°OthermodelsaIsousesea-surfacetemperatures,but

theyhavenotlookedasfarbackbecausetheyneedotherdata,whichisonlyavailableforrecentdecades,Wearesaid.

IndiaChinaAnderson【词源解析】TheabilitytopredietthewanningandcoolingofthePacificisofimmenseimportance4.The

1997ElNino,forexample,causedanestimated$20billionindamageworldwide,offsetbybeneficialeffectsinotherareas,said

DavidAnderson,oftheEuropeanCentreforMedium-RangeWeatherForecastsinReading,England.The1877EINino,meanwhile,c

oincidedwithafailureoftheImptingthedevelopmentofs

easonalforecasting,said.

ChinaWhenElNinohitin1991and1997,200millionpeoplewereaffectedbyfloodinginalone,accordingtoa2002United

Nationsreport.

【反义词1WhilepredictingsmallerElNinoeventsremainstricky,theabilitytopredictlargeronesshouIdbeincreasedtoatleast

ayearifthenewmethodisconfirmed.

【词源解析】ElNinotendstodevelopbetweenApriIandJuneandreachesitspeakbetweenDecemberandFebruary.Thewar

mingtendstolastbetween9and12monthsandoccurseverytwotosevenyears.

【相关短语】ThenewforecastingmethoddoesnotpredictanymajorEINinoeventsinthenexttwoyears,althoughaweak

warmingtowardtheendofthisyearispossible.

ColumbiaUniversity【派生词】1.ThemethodusedbytheresearcherscanpredictElNinoafewmonthsinadvance.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

ColumbiaUniversity2.TheresearchersstudiedtherelationshipbetweenthepastElNinooccurrencesandsea-surfacet

emperatures.

ARightBWrongCNotmeritioned

ColumbiaUniversity3.Theresearchersarethefirsttousesea-surfaceternperaturestomatchthepastElNinooccurrences.

ARightBWrongGNotmentioned

4.Weare'scontributioninpredictingEINinowashighlypraisedbyothermeteorologists.

ARightBWrong€Notmentioned

China5.AccordingtoaChinesereport,thefloodingincausedbyElNinoin1991and1997affected200millionChinesepeopie.

ARight-SWrongCNotmentioned

6♦IttakesabouteightmonthsforElNinotoreachitspeak.

A-RightBWrongCNotmentioned

America7.AspecialinstitutehasbeensetupintostudyElNino.

ARightBWrong€Notmentioned【词源解析】当某些预报方法不能提前几个月成功预测1997年厄尔尼诺现象的时候，

哥伦比亚大学的研究人员说他们的方法可以提前两年预测厄尔尼诺现象。这对全世界各地的政府、农民和其他寻求为厄尔尼诺

带来的干旱和大雨做准备的人来说是一条好消息。

研究人员使用计算机把1980年和2000年之间的海面温度和后来的厄尔尼诺的发生联系起来，进而能蜴用之前的海面温度

预测远至1857年的厄尔尼诺现象。研究结果刊登在最新的《自然》杂志上。

【反义词】研究人员说他们的方法并不完美，但加利福尼亚大学戴维斯分校的气象学家BryanC.Weare说这种方法显示出厄尔

尼诺是可以预测的，尽管他自己并没有参加研究工作。

Weare说：“这会促使其他人去寻找更好的办法。”他还补充说，新的方法“使在提前很长的一段时间里预测厄尔尼诺现象成

为可能”。其他方法也使用海面温度，但他们没能回顾得那么久远是因为缺少其他资料，而这些资料在近几十年才能够获得。

【派生词】预测太平洋的升温和降温有极其重要的意义。英国Reading的欧洲中级天气预报中心的DavidAnderson说：以

1997年的厄尔尼诺为例，它导致了全球范围内约200亿美元的损失，抵消了在其他一些地区的良性影响；1877年的厄尔尼诺

与印度遭受的季风和饥荒同时发生，导致了印度和中国约4000万人丧生，结果刺激了季节性预报的发展。

【近义词】根据2002年的联合国报道，1991年和1997年厄尔尼诺爆发的时候，仅中国就有2亿人受到洪水的侵害。

然而小的厄尔尼诺预测还是难以捉摸的，如果新的方法被认可的话，对大型厄尔尼诺现象的预测至少应该被提前一年。

厄尔尼诺总是在4月和6月期间形成，在12月和翌年2月之间达到高峰。气候总是在9月和12月之间变暧，并且每2~7年

出现一次。

尽管气温在年底的时候有可能微弱上升,新的预测方法预计未来两年不会出现大的厄尔尼诺现象。

Smoking----------抽学派烟

［近义词］Since1939,numerousstudieshavebeenconductedtodeterminewhethersmokingisahealthhazard.Thetrendofthe

evideneehasbeenconsistentandindicatesthatthereisaserioushealthrisk.Researchteamshaveconductedstudiesthatshow

beyondallreasonabledoubtthattobaccosmokingisassociatedwithashortenedlifeexpectancyl.

【反义词】Cigarettesmokingisbelievedbymostresearchworkersinthisfieldtobeanimportantfactorinthedevelopmentof

cancerofthelungsandcancerofthethroatandisbelievedtoberelatedtocancerofsomeotherorgansofthebody.Malecig

arettesmokershaveahigherdeathratefromheartdiseasethannon-smokingmales.Femalesmokersarethoughttobeless

affectedbecausetheydonotbreatheinthesmokesodeeply.

【相关短语】Apartfromstatistiesjtmightbehelpfultolookatwhatsmokingtobaccodoestothehumanbody.Smokeisami

xtureofgases,vaporizedchemicals,minuteparticlesofashandothersolids.Thereisalsonicotine,whichispowerfulpoison,and

blacktar.Assmokeisbreathedin,aIIthosecomponentsformdepositsonthemembranesofthelungs.Onepointofconcentratio

niswheretheairtubeandbronchusdivides.Mostlungcancerbeginsatthispoint.

［派生词］Filtersandlowtartobacco?areclaimedtomakesmokingtosomeextentsafecbuttheycanonlyslightlyreduce,not

eliminatethehazards.

【词源解析】1.Itiseasytodeterminewhethersmokingishazardous.

ARight8WrongCNotmentioned

2.Smokingreducesone'slifeexpectancy.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

3.Smokingmayinducelungcancer.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

4.Thereisevidencethatsmokingisresponsibleforbreastcancer.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

5.Malesmokershavealowerdeathratefromheartdiseasethanfemalesmokers.

ARight8-WrongCNotmentioned

6.Nicotineispoisonous.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

7.Filtersandlowtartobaccomakesmokingsafe.

ARightftWrongCNotmentioned

【相关短语】自1939年以来，人们进行了无数次研究，以确定抽烟是否危害健康。证据的趋向是•致的，显示出抽烟对健康

有严重危害。研究组进行的研究确凿无疑地表明抽烟与人的预期寿命的缩短有关。

这个领域的大部分研究人员都认为抽烟是肺癌和喉癌产生的重要原因，并且和人体其他某些器官的癌症有关。抽烟的男性

因心脏病而死亡的概率高于不抽烟的男性。女性吸烟者被认为受的_响较小，因为她们不深吸烟。

【反义词】'除了统计之外，看一看吸烟对人体的影响也可能会有帮助。烟是各种气体、蒸发的化学物质、微小的灰和其他固体

颗粒的混合物。里面还有很强的毒素尼古丁和黑焦油。当烟被吸人时，所有这些成分形成肺膜上的沉淀物，其集中的•点是气

管和支气管分叉的地方。大部分肺癌开始于这一点。

过滤嘴和焦油含量低的烟草被宣称使抽烟在某种程度上安全一些,但是它们只能梢微降低而不是消除危害。

EngineeringEthics-------工程道德

TexasA&MUniversity【近义i司】Engineeringethicsisattractingincreasinginterestinengineer!nguniversitiesthroughoutthe

nation.At,evidenceofthisinterestinprofessionalethicsculminatedinthecreationofanewcourseinengineeringethics,aswell

asaprojectfundedbyltheNationalScienceFoundationtodevelopmaterialforintreducingethicalissuesintorequiredun

dergraduateengineeringcourses.AsmallgroupoffacultyandadministratorsactivelysupportedthegrowingeffortatTexasASM,

yetthisgroupmustnowexpandtomeettheneedsofincreasingnumbersofstudentswishingtoIearn2moreaboutthevalue

implicationsoftheiractionsasprofessionalengineers.

【派4二词］Theincreasingconcernforthevaluedimension3ofengineeringis,atleastinpart,aresultoftheattentionthatthe

mediahasgiventocasessuehastheChallengerdisasteotheKansasCityHyatt-RegencyHotelwalkwayscoIlapse,andtheExxonoil

spill.Asaresponsetothisconcern,anewdiscipline,engineeringethics,isemerging.ThisdisciplinewiIIdoubtless4takeitsplace5

alongsidesuchwell-establishedfieldsasmedicalethics,businessethics,andIegalethics.【相关短语】Theproblempresentedby

thisdevelopmentisthatmostengineeringprofessorsarenotpreparedtointroduceliteratureinengineeringethicsintotheir

classrooms.Theyaremostcomfortablewithquantitativeconeepts6andoftendonotbelievetheyarequalifiedtoleadclassdiscus

sionsonethics.Manyengineeringfacultymembersdonotthinkthattheyhavethetimeinanalreadyovercrowdedsyllabusto

introducediscussionsonprofessionalethics,orthetimeintheirownschedulestopreparethenecessarymaterial.Hopefully,the

resourcespresentedhereinwillbeofassistance.

【反义词】1.EngineeringethicsisacompulsorysubjectineveryinstituteofscienceandtechnologyintheUniledStates.

ARightBWrong€Notmentioned

TexasA&SMUniversity?.Thenumberofstudentswishingtotakethecourseofengineeringethicsisdecliningat.

ARight8WrongCNotmentioned

3.TheNationalScieneeFoundationinvolvesitselfdirectlyinwritingupmaterialaboutethicalissues.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

4.ItseemsthatmedicaIethicsandbusinessethicsaremorematurethanengineeringethics.

A-RightBWrongCNotmentioned

5.Severalengineeringprofessorshavequitfromteachingtoprotestagainstthecreationofanewcourseinengineer!ngethics.

ARightBWrongC-Notmentioned

6.Manyengineer!ngprofessorsmaynothavetimetopreparemateriaIforclassdiscussiononprofessionalethics.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

7.Itislikelythatfollowingthisintroductorypassage,theauthorwiIIprovidethenecessarymaterialrelatedtothetopicofen

gineeringethics.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

【派生词】工程道德在全美的工程类院校里越来越受到关注。在得克萨斯州的大学，隙着工程道德这门新课的开设以及由全美

科学基金会提供基金、旨在为大学工程类必修课程提供道德问题方面［的材料的项目的启动，人们对职业道德的关注达到了顶峰。

一个由教师和管理人员组成的小组对得克萨斯州A一大学的不懈努力予以了积极的支持，但是由于越来越多的学生希望能够更

加了解作为职业工程人员自己的行为的价值含义，为了满足这些需求，目前该小组必须发展壮大。

【相关短语】人们之所以对工程价值尺度愈发关注，至少部分原因是由于媒体对挑战者号灾难、堪萨斯城Hyatt-Regency旅馆

通道的坍塌以及Exxon石油泄漏等事件的关注所引起的。为了响应人们的关注，•个新的学科一一工程道德应运而生。同医学

道德、商业道德和法律道德这些已经确立的学I科•样，该学科无疑也将确立起自己的地位。

开发这一新学科所面临的问题是，大部分工程教授不愿意将工程道德方面的资料引进课堂。他们满足于使用以数字表达的

概念，不相信自己有资格就工程道德问题在课堂上展开讨论。许多工程类教授认为课程安排紧张，没有时间在课堂上就职业道

德问题进行讨论,或者觉得自己没有时间去准备必要的材料。希望这里提供的资料会有所帮助。

RescuePlatform.......救生平台

【近义词】IntheaftermathoftheterroristattacksontheWorldTradeCenter,securityexpertsaretryingtodevelopnewwaysof

rescuingpeoplefromburningskyscrapers.OneideaisaplatformcapableofflyingverticallyandhoveringintheairIikeaheli

copter.1Theplatformwouldriseupanddownalongsideaskyscraperandpickuppeopletrappedinhighstories.

［反义词】TheideafortheverticaItakeoffplatformwashatchedmorethantenyearsagobyaRussianaerospaceengineer,David

Metreveli,whohassince2movedtoIsrael.Metrevelsdesign,calledtheEagle,callsfortwojetenginesthatturnfourlarge

horizontalpropellers.ThespinningofthepropeIlersgeneratesthenecessarylift,orupwardforee,toraisetheplatform.Themore

powerissuppliedtothepropellerszthehighertheplatformrises.Movingtheplatformsidewaysinvolvesapplyingdiffering

amountsofpowertoeachpropeIler.

【近义词】HelicoptersarenowusedinsomecasestogetpeopIeoutofburningbuildings.Escapebaskets3slungfromthem

danglebesidethebuildingforpeopletoclimbinto.Unfortunately,thebasketscannotreacheveryfloorofabuildingbecausethe

ropesfromwhichtheyhangbecomeunstablebeyondacertainlength.

【派生词］Sofar,Metrevelihasbuiltasmall-scalemodeIoftheEagletotesthisidea.Inthewakeof4September11,hehasbeen

abletosecureenoughfundingtostartbuildingalarger,4-meterby4-meter5prototype,whichhecallstheEaglet.

［相关短语］1.ArescueplatformcalledtheEagleiscapableofmovingverticallybutnotsideways.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

2.ThefourpropellersarefittedhorizontallytotheEagle.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

3.Withthehelpofjetengines,theEaglecanflyataspeedof100milesanhour.

ARightBWrongGNotmentioned4.Inthethirdparagraph,thewordhelicopterreferstotheEagIe.

ARight8WrongCNotmentioned

5.Themorejetenginesarefittedtothepropellers,themorepeopletheplatformcancarry.

ARightBWrong€Notmentioned

6.InthewakeofSeptember11,Mr.Metrevelihassecuredenoughfundingtobuildupasmall-scalemodeloftheEagletotesthis

idea.

ARight6-WrongCNotmentioned

Israel?.Mr.MetreveliisdesigningforamoreadvancedformofrescueplatformthantheEagleortheEaglet.

ARightBWrong€Notmentioned

【词源解析】在世界贸易中心遭到恐怖袭击后，安全专家们正在努力寻找新方法，来从燃烧的摩天大楼上营救人们。其中的想

法之一就是构建一个能够垂直升降并像直升机一样在空中盘旋的平台。该平台可沿摩天大楼上下移动，运送高楼受困人员。

【相关短语】十多年前，一名俄罗斯航空航天工程师DavidMetreveli酝酿出垂直起落平台这一想法，随后移居以色列。

Metreveli的设计方案命名为“老鹰”，需用两个喷气发动机来推动四个大型水平方向旋转的螺旋推进器。螺旋推进器快速旋转,

生成必要的上升力，使平台升起°供给螺旋推进器的能量越多，平台升得就越高。要使平台侧向移动，则需要给螺旋推进器添

加不等的能量。

【派生词】现在，人们有时还用直升机营救起火大楼中的被困人员。从直升机中抛出的救生篮在大楼旁摇摆，人们可以爬到里

面去。不幸的是，由于悬挂救生篮的绳索在超出一定长度后就会非常不稳定，所以救生篮无法达到每一层楼。

4米4米【近义词】目前，Metreveli己经建立起一个小型“老鹰”模型来检测自己的构思。“9・11”事件后，Metreveli获得

了足够的基金，开始构建•个较大规模的模型。该模型大小为X,他将之命名为“小鹰”。

MicrochipResearchCenterCreated—微芯片研究中心成立

【相关短语】AresearchcenterhasbeensetupinthisFarEasterncountrytodevelopadvaneedmicro-chipprodactiontechnology.

Thecenter,whichwilIstartoutwithaboutUS$14million,willhelpthecountrydevelopitschipindustrywithoutalwaysdependin

gonimportedtechnology.

【近义词】Thecenterwillmakeuseofitsresearchskillsandfacilitiestodevelopnewtechnologyfordomesticchipplants.Thea

dventofthecenterwillpossiblyfreethecountryfromthesituationthatitisalwaysbuyingalmost-outdatedtechnologiesfromo

thercountries,saidthecountry'sflagshipchipmaker.lCurrently,chipplantsinthiscountryareinapassivesituationbecause

manyforeigngovernmentsdon'tallowthemtoimportthemostadvancedtechnologies,fearingtheywilIbeusedformilitary

purposes.Moreover,thehighlicensingfeestheyhavetopaytotechnologyprovidersarealsoanimportantreasonfortheirdec

isionofself-reliance2.

【反义词］Asmainstreamchipproductiontechnologyshiftsfromonegenerationtothenexteverythreetofiveyears,plantswith

newtechnologycanmakemorepowerfulchipsatlowercosts,whileplantswithoutdatedequipment,whichoftencostbillionsof

dollarstobuild,willbemarginalizedbythemaker.

［派生词】Morethan10chipplantsarebeingbuilt,eachcostingmillionsofUSdollars.Themajorityofthatmoneygoestoovers

easequipmentvendorsandtechnologyowners-mainlyfromJapanandSingapore.Shouldthenewcenterplayamajorrolein

improvingthesituationintheindustry,thecountryadmitstheUS$14millioninvestmentisstillrathersmall.Thiscountryis

developingcomprehensivetechnologies.Mostoftheinvestmentwillbespentonsettingallianceswithtechnologyandintellectual

propertyowners.

［相关短语】1.ThecountrysaysthattheinvestmentofUS$14millionisbigenoughfordevelopingthatcountry5schipi

ndustry.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

2.Thatcountrygivestopprioritiestodevelopingchipsformilitarypurposes.

ARightBWrong€-Notmentioned

3.AlthoughtheIicensingfeesarenotveryhigh,thatFarEasterncountrycannotaffordtopay.

ARightsWrongCNotmentioned

4.Manywesterncountriesbantheexportingofthemostadvancedchip-makingtechnologiestothatcountrytopreventthem

frombeingusedformilitarypurposes.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

5.Currently,aImostalltheflagshipchipmakersinthatcountryareownedbyAmericaninvestors.

ARightBWrong€Notmentioned

6.Mainstreamchipproductiontechnologydeveloprapidly.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

7.Morethan10chipplantsbeingbuiltinthatcountryareanexampleofself-reliance.

ARight8WrongCNotmentioned

【词源解析】为了开发先进的微芯片生产技术，这个远东国家建立了一个研究中心，该中心启动资金为1400万美元，可以帮

助该国开发自己的芯片工业，不必总是依赖于进口技术。

【近义词】该中心将会应用自己的研究技术和设施，为本国芯片厂家开发新技术。这个国家名列首位的芯片制造公司说，芯片

中心的成立可能使这个国家摆脱从他国购买即将淘汰的技术的困境。由于许多外国政府担心先进技术会被用于军事目的，不允

许这个国家的芯片生产厂家进口前沿技术，所以这些生产厂家处于••种被动局面。另外，由于这些芯片生产厂家必须向技术提

者支付高额的许可费，这也构成了他们决定要自力更生的•个重要原因。

【反义词】由于主流芯片生产技术每隔3〜5年就要进行更新换代，所以掌握了新技术的厂家就可以以较低的成本制造出较好

的芯片，而那些耗费数十亿美元建立起的厂家，如果设备落后，也将会被生产商所淘汰。

【派生词】十几个芯片厂正在建立之中，每个厂的造价都在几百万美元，其中大部分资金都流向了海外设备商和技术所有者一

一主要是日本和新加坡。如果新建的芯片中心能在改变该国芯片行业的被动形势中起到重要作用，该国承认，1400万美元的

投资仍是微不足道的。该国正在开发综合技术,大部分投资符用于与技术和知识产权所有者建立联盟。

ModerateEarthquakeStrikesEngland--中度地震袭击英国

1inKentCounty【相关短语】AmoderateearthquakestruckpartsofsoutheastEnglandon28April2007,topplingchimneysfrom

housesandrousingresidentsfromtheirbeds.SeveraIthousandpeoplewereleftwithoutpower.Onewomansufferedminorh

eadandneckinjuries.

3"19a【派生词】"Itfeltasifthewholehousewasbeingsiidacrosslikeafim-fairride,saidthewoman.TheBritishGeologicaI

Surveysaidthe4.3-magnitudequake4struckat8:.m.andwascenteredundertheEnglishCh