2015职称英语考前冲刺第16讲

OnarecentfieldtriptotheKalahariDesert,ateamofresearcherslearntalotmoreabouthoneybadgers(獾).Theteamemployedalocalwildlifeexpert,KitsoKhama,tohelpthemlocateandfollowthebadgersacrossthedesert.Theirmainaimwastostudythebadgers’movementsandbehaviourasdiscreetly(谨慎地)aspossible,withoutfrighteningthemawayorcausingthemtochangetheirnaturalbehaviourTheyalsonnedtotrapafewandstudythemcloseupbeforereleasingthem.Inviewoftheanimal’sreputation,thiswassomethingthatevenKhamawasreluctanttodo.“Theproblemwithhoneybadgersistheyarenaturallycuriousanimals,especiallywhentheyseesomethingnew,”hesays.“that,combinedwiththeirunpredictablenature,canbeadangerousmixture.Iftheysenseyouhavefood,forexample,theywon’tbeshyaboutcomingrightuptoyouforsomethingtoeat.They’reactuallyquitesociablecreaturesaroundhumans,butassoonastheyfeeltheymightbeindanger,theycaneextremelyvicious(凶恶的).Fortunaythisisrare,butitdoesTheresearchconfirmedmanythingsthatwerealreadyknown.Asexpected,honeybadgersateanycreaturestheycouldcatchandkill.Evenpoisonoussnakes,fearedandavoidedbymostotheranimals,werenotsafefromthem.Theresearchersweresurprised,however,bytheanimal’sfondnessforlocalmelons,probablybecauseoftheirhighwatercontent.Previouslyresearchersthoughtthattheanimalgotallofitsliquidrequirementsfromitsprey(猎物).Theteamalsolearntthat,contrarytopreviousresearchfindings,thebadgersoccasionallyformedloosefamilygroups.Theywerealsoabletoconfirmcertainresultsfrompreviousresearch,includingthefatthatfemalebadgersneversocializedwitheachother.Followingsomeofthemalebadgerswasachallenge,sincetheycancoverlargedistancesinashortspaceoftime.Somehuntingterritoriescovermorethan500squarekilometers.Althoughtheyseemhappytosharetheseterritorieswithothermales,thereareoccasionalfightsoveranimportantfoodsource,andmalebadgerscanbeasaggressivetowardseachotherastheyaretowardsotherspecies.Asthebadgersbecameaccustomedtothepresenceofpeople,itgavetheteamthechancetogetupclosetothemwithoutbeingthesubjectoftheanimal’scuriosity—ortheirsuddenaggression.Thebadgers’eatingpatterns,whichhadbeendisrupted,returnedtonormal.Italsoallowedtheteamtoobservemorecloselysomeoftheothercreaturesthatformworkingassociationswiththehoneybadger,astheseseemtoadoptthebadgers’relaxedattitudewhennearhumans.WhydidthewildlifeexpertsvisittheKalahariToobservehowhoneybadgersTofindwherehoneybadgersTocatchsomehoneybadgersforTofindoutwhyhoneybadgershaveabadWhatdoesKitsoKhamasayabouthoneyTheyshowinterestinthingstheyarenotfamiliarTheyarealwayslookingforTheydonotenjoy ItiscommonforthemtoattackWhatdidtheteamfindoutabouthoneyThereweresomecreaturestheydidnotTheymaygetsomeofthewatertheyneededfromTheywereafraidofpoisonousFemalebadgersdidnotmixwithmaleWhichofthefollowingisatypicalfeatureofmaleTheydon’trunveryTheydefendtheirterritoryfromotherTheyaremoreaggressivethanTheyhuntoveraverylargeWhathappenedwhenhoneybadgersgotusedtohumansaroundTheybecamelessaggressivetowardsotherTheylostinterestinTheystartedeatingOtheranimalsstartedworkingwithWhydidthewildlifeexpertsvisittheKalahariDesert卡拉哈里沙漠ToobservehowhoneybadgersTofindwherehoneybadgersTocatchsomehoneybadgersforTofindoutwhyhoneybadgershaveabad(becausewhy(aimpurposetargetinordertosoastosothatinorderthat,todo...)WhydidthewildlifeexpertsvisittheKalahariDesert?卡拉哈里沙漠ToobservehowhoneybadgersTofindwherehoneybadgersTocatchsomehoneybadgersforTofindoutwhyhoneybadgershaveabad(第一段)onarecentfieldtriptothekalaharidesert,ateamofresearcherslearnalotmoreabouthoneybadgers.Theteamemployedalocalwildlifeexpertkitsokhamatohelpthemlocateandfollowthebadgersacrossthedesert.Theirmainaimwastostudythebadgers’movementsandbehaviorasdiscreetly(谨慎地)aspossiblewithoutfrighteningthemawayorcausingthemtochangetheirnaturalbehavior.theyalsonnedtotrapafewandstudythemcloseupbeforereleasingtheminviewoftheanimal’sreputation,thiswassomethingthatevenkhamawasreluctanttodo.表述意义不一致,则该选项与文章中的意义不一致。WhatdoesKitsoKhamasayabouthoneyTheyshowinterestinthingstheyarenotfamiliarTheyarealwayslookingforTheydonotenjoyItiscommonforthemtoattack解题经验2:下一道细节题判断答案的依据往往在上一道细节题判断答案依据的下文中;解题经验3:段落首/尾句处常设考点;引语处常设考点;转折句处常设考点(第一段)...Theirmainaimwastostudythebadger’smovementsandbehaviorasdiscreetly(谨慎地)aspossible,withoutfrighteningthemawayorcausingthemtochangetheirnaturalbehavior.(第一题判断答案的依据)Theyalso nnedtotrapafewandstudythemcloseupbeforereleasingthem.Inviewoftheanimal’sreputation,thiswassomethingthatevenKhamawasreluctanttodo.WhatdoesKitsoKhamasayabouthoneyTheyshowinterestinthingstheyarenotfamiliarTheyarealwayslookingforTheydonotenjoyItiscommonforthemtoattack(第2段)“Theproblemwithhoneybadgersistheyarenaturallyanimals,especiallywhentheyseesomethingnew,”binedwiththeirunpredictablenature,canbeadangerousmixture.Iftheysenseyouhavefood,forexample,theywon’tbeshyaboutcomingrightuptoyouforsomethingtoeat.They’reactuallyquitesociablecreaturesaroundhumans,butassoonastheyfeeltheymightbeindanger,theycaneextremelyvicious(凶恶的).Fortuna y,thisisrare,butitdoesWhatdidtheteamfindoutabouthoneyTheyweresomecreaturestheydidnotTheywereafraidofpoisonousTheymaygetsomeofthewatertheyneededfromFemalebadgersdidnotmixwithmale(第二段)“Theproblemwithhoneybadgersistheyarenaturallycuriousanimalsespeciallywhentheyseesomethingnew,”hesays.(第2题判断答案的依据)“That,combinedwiththeirunpredictablenature,canbeadangerousmixture.Iftheysenseyouhavefood,forexample,theybeshyaboutcomingrightuptoyouforsomethingtoeat.They’requitesociablecreaturesaroundhumans,butassoonastheyfeeltheymightbeindanger,theycaneextremelyvicious(凶恶的).Fortuna y,thisisrare,butitdoeshappen.”WhatdidtheteamfindoutabouthoneyTheyweresomecreaturestheydidnotTheywereafraidofpoisonousTheymaygetsomeofthewatertheyneededfromFemalebadgersdidnotmixwithmale(第三段Theresearchconfirmedmanythingsthatwerealreadyknownexpected,honeybadgersateanycreaturestheycouldcatchandkill.poisonoussnakesfearedandavoidedbymostotheranimalswerenotsafefromthem➊Theresearchersweresurprisedhoweverbytheanimal’sfondnessforlocalmelonsprobablybecauseoftheirhighwatercontentPreviouslyresearchersthoughtthattheanimalgotallofitsliquidrequirementsfromitsprey(猎物Theteamalsolearntthat,contrarytopreviousresearchfindingsWhichofthefollowingisatypicalfeaturesofmaleTheydon’trunveryTheyhuntoveraverylargeTheydefendtheirterritoryfromotherbadgersTheyaremoreaggressivethan(第3段Theresearchersweresurprisedhoweverbytheanimal’sfondnessforlocalmelons,probablybecauseoftheirhighwatercontent.(第3题判断答案的依据)Previouslyresearchersthoughtthattheanimalgotallofitsliquidrequirementsfromitsprey(猎物Theteamalsolearntthat,contrarytopreviousresearchfindingsthebadgersoccasionallyformedloosefamilygroupsTheywerealsoabletoconfirmcertainresultsfrompreviousresearch,includingthefactthatfemalebadgersneversocializedwitheachother.WhichofthefollowingisatypicalfeaturesofmaleTheydon’trunveryTheyhuntoveraverylarge×C.Theydefendtheirterritoryfromotherbadgers×D.Theyaremoreaggressivethan(第4段)➋Followingsomeofthemalebadgerswasachallenge,sincetheycancoverlargedistancesinashortspaceoftime.➊Somehuntingterritoriesmorethan500squarekilometers.Althoughtheyseemtohappytosharetheseterritorieswithothermales,thereareoccasionalfightsoveranimportantfoodsource,andmalebadgerscanbeasaggressivetowardseachotherastheyaretowardsotherspecies.WhathappenedwhenhoneybadgersgotusedtohumansaroundTheylostinterestinTheybecamelessaggressivetowardsotherTheystartedeatingOtheranimalsstartedworkingwith(第4段)Followingsomeofthemalebadgerswasachallengesincetheycoverlargedistancesinashortspaceoftime.(第4题判断答案的依据)Somehuntingterritoriescovermorethan500squarekilometers.Althoughtheyseemtohappytosharetheseterritorieswithothermales,thereareoccasionalfightsoveranimportantfoodsource,andmalebadgerscanbeasaggressivetowardseachotherastheyaretowardsotherspecies.WhathappenedwhenhoneybadgersgotusedtohumansaroundTheylostinterestin×B.Theybecamelessaggressivetowardsothercreatures×C.TheystartedeatingD.Otheranimalsstartedworkingwiththem(第5段)➊Asthebadgersbecameaccustomedtothepresenceofpeople,itgavetheteamthechancetogetupclosetothemwithoutbeingthesubjectoftheanimals’curiosity–ortheirsuddenaggression.Thebadgers’eatingpatterns,whichhadbeendisrupted,returnedtonormal.➋Italsoallowedtheteamtoobservemorecloselysomeoftheothercreaturesthatformworkingassociationswiththehoneybadger,astheseseemedtoadoptthebadgers’relaxedattitudewhennearhumans.SaudiArabiaismentionedinthepassagebecauseit themostimportantfactorinfluencingbirthrateisthefactorsotherthantheeconomyinfluencebirthwmver,ahieculi

tciimportantfactohtiirflucessrtp❷SaudiArabia,forexample,doesnothaveanagriculture-basedeconomy,andithasoneofthehighestpercapitaesintheworld.❸Nevertheless,italsohasaveryhigbirthrate(7.0).MexicoandIndonesia,ontheotherhandarepoorcountries,withlargelyagriculturaleconomies,buttheyhaverecentlyreducedtheirpopulationgrowth.类似考题：(2012年理工B第二篇ArchiveGalleryTheBestofBionics仿生学"Cats","monkeys"and'giraffes"mentionedinparagraph1areexamples animalshaveskillsthathumansdonottheyarehighly-evolvedspeciesashumanscanlearnanimals'theyareskillfulindifferent该题考写作逻辑：观点/提示：当题干问及短文中出现的例子所起的用作时(识别标志：题干中出现exampletoillustrate/show),例子前面出现的句子就是判断答案的依据。Humansmightbethemosthighly-evolvedspeciesonthe net,butmostanimalspossessskillswecanonlydreamofhavingImaginehowmuchelectricitywecouldsaveifwecouldseeinthedarkthewaycatsdo.Imaginelea fromtreetotreelikeamonkeyGiraffes(长颈鹿whichareotherwisecalmandgood-naturedsleeponly4.6hoursa 答案常出现在有关系的选项中(含有相同的词语, can,maycouldmightpossibleprobablepossibilitylikelyprobably的含有绝对词(only,merely,all,entirely,comple anyone,everyone)的选项可能不是答案； 词短语)在确定出题的段落中没有出现则该选项可能是答案；语,则含有概括词的选项可能是答案。PeoplecarriedoutasystematicstudyonPeoplecouldflytheir neforPeoplestudiedmoreanimals ntstodevelopthe Peoplekepttheir neataFrench,则含有概括(第三段)TopreparefortheirflightatKittyHawktheWrightbrothersstudiedthemovementsofpigeonstofigureouthowtheystayedhighupwhentheywereheavierthanairTheirsuccessinspiredscoresofsuccessorstoimproveonthe nebystudyingvariousaspectsofnature.OneofOrvilleWright'spupilscaughtandstuffedseagullstoexaminetheirwingspanMeanwhiletwoFrenchinventorsexaminedspinningsycamore(梧桐seedsinanefforttoapplythosesamemotions,reversed,toahelicopter.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph5thatfamilytiesarestrongerinthanC.

D.(第5段Culturalreasonsalsocontributetotheproblemsaysociologists社会学家FamilytiesinsouthEuropeItaly,PortugalandGreecearestrongerthanthoseinmiddleandnorthEurope,saidSpanishsociologistAlmudenaMorenoMinguezinherreportTheLateEmancipationofSpanishYouth:KeyforAandA,BandA,B,CandDAorBeitherAorBneitherAnorBbothAandBfromAtoBnotonlyAbutalsoWhichofthefollowingisNOTamongthetypicalwaysofgreetingsinthehandsoff“What’sembracen拥抱(第一段)TheNewYorkTimesrecentlyreportedthatAmericanteensarehuggingpracticallyeveryonetheysee.Saygoodbyetothegreetingsofthepast,fromthehands-off(adj.不 的)“What’sup!”tothehandshakeorhigh-five.Foryoungpeopleacrossthecountry,huggingisthenew“ Inthelastcentury,newtechnologyimprovedthelivesofmanypeopleincountries.However,onecountryresistedthesechanges.HighintheHimalayanmountainsofAsia,thekingdomofBhutanremainedseparate.ItspeopleandBuddhist()culturehadnotbeenaffectedforalmostathousandyears.Bhutan,however,wasapoorcountry.Peoplediedatayoungage.Mostofitspeoplecouldnotread,andtheydidnotknowmuchabouttheoutsideworld.Then,in1972,anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutantoemodern,butwithoutlosingitstraditions.KingWangchucklookedatothercountriesforideas.HesawthatmostcountriesmeasuredtheirprogressbytheirGrossNationalProduct(GNP).TheGNPmeasuresproductsandmoney.Whenthenumberofproductssoldincreases,peoplesaythecountryismakingprogress.KingWangchuckhadadifferentideaforBhutan.Hewantedtomeasurehiscountry'sprogressbypeople'shappiness.Ifthepeople'shappinessincreased,thekingcouldsaythatBhutanwasmakingprogress.Todecideifpeoplewerehappier,hecreatedameasurecalledGrossNationalHappinessGNHisbasedoncertainprinciplesthatcreatehappiness.Peoplearehappiertheyhavehealthcare,education,andjobs.Theyarehappierwhentheyliveinahealthy,protectedenvironment.Theyarehappierwhentheycankeeptheirtraditionalcultureandcustoms.Finally,peoplearehappierwhentheyhaveagood,stableNowthisissomeevidenceofincreasedGNHinBhutan.Peoplearehealthierandarelivinglonger.Morepeopleareeducatedandemployed.Twenty-fivepercentofthelandhasenationalparks,andthecountryhasalmostnopollution.TheBhutanesecontinuetoweartheirtraditionalclothingandfollowtheirancientBuddhistcustoms.Bhutanhasalsoeademocracy.In2008,KingWangchuckgavehispowertohisson.Althoughthecountrystillhadaking,ithelditsfirstdemocraticelectionsthatyear.Bhutanhadpoliticalpartiesandpoliticalcandidatesforthefirsttime.Finally,Bhutanhasconnectedtotherestoftheworldthroughevisionandinternet.Bhutanisasymbolforsocialprogress.ManycountriesarenowinterestedBhutan'sThesecountriesareinvestigatingtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness.Theywanttocreatenewpoliciesthattakecareoftheirpeople,cultures,andland.BrazilmaybethenextcountrytousetheprinciplesofGNH.BrazilianleadersseetheprinciplesofGNHasasourceofinspiration.Brazilisalargecountrywithadiversepopulation.IfhappinessworksasameasureofprogressinBrazil,perhapstherestoftheworldwillfollow.WhowasJigmeSingAABuddhistAAApartformmodernizingBhutanwhatelsedidWangchuckwanttodoforToKeepitstraditionsandTomakeitspopulationTokeepitseparatefromtheToencourageitspeopletogetAcountryshowsitsprogresswithGNP sellingmorespendingmorespendinglessprovidingmoreAccordingtoGNH,peoplearehappierif havenewcanchangetheirhaveagood, havemore usingtheprinciplesofGNHtomeasuretheirworkingtogethertodevelopacommonscaletomeasuretakingbothBhutanandBrazilassymbolsforsocialtryingtofindtheirownwaystomeasureWhowasJigmeSingyeWangchuck细节题A. ✔C.A

BABuddhist 的priest(和尚D.A(第一段)Inthelastcentury,newtechnologyimprovedthelivesofmanypeopleinmanycountries.However,onecountryresistedthesechanges.HighintheHimalayanmountainsofAsia,thekingdomofBhutanremainedseparate.ItspeopleandBuddhist( )culturehadnotbeenaffectedforalmostathousandyears.Bhutan,however,wasapoorcountry.Peoplediedatayoungage.Mostofitspeoplecouldnotread,andtheydidnotknowmuchabouttheoutsideworld.❶Then,in1972,anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutantoemodern,butwithoutlosingitstraditions.ApartfrommodernizingBhutanwhatelsedidWangchuckwanttodo Bhutan?(细节题)TomakeitspopulationTokeepitseparatefromtheToencourageitspeopletogetTokeepitstraditionsand(第一段Inthelastcentury,newtechnologyimprovedthelivesofmanypeopleinmanycountries.However,onecountryresistedthesechanges.HighintheHimalayanmountainsofAsia,thekingdomofBhutanremainedseparate.ItspeopleandBuddhist( )culturehadnotbeenaffectedforalmostathousandyears.Bhutan,however,wasapoorcountry.Peoplediedatayoungage.Mostofitspeoplecouldnotread,andtheydidnotknowmuchabouttheoutsideworld.Then,in1972,anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutantoemodern,butwithoutlosingitstraditions.AcountryshowsitsprogresswithGNPspendingmorespendingless✔C.sellingmoreD.providingmore

细节题(第二段KingWangchucklookedatothercountriesforideasHesawthatmostcountriesmeasuredtheirprogressbytheirGrossNatonalProduct(GNP).❶TheGNPmeasuresproductsandmoney.❷Whenthenumberofproductssoldincreasespeoplesaythecountryismakingprogress.KingWangchuckhadadifferentideaforBhutanHewantedtomeasurehiscountry’sprogressbypeople’shappiness.Ifthepeople’shappinessincreased,thekingcouldsaythatBhutanwasmakingprogress.Todecideifpeoplewerehappier,hecreatedameasurecalledGrossNationalHappiness(GNH).AccordingtoGNH,peoplearehappierif havenew✔B.haveagood, canchangetheirhavemore(第三段)GNHisbasedoncertainprinciplesthatcreatehappiness.Peoplearehappieriftheyhavehealthcare,education,andjobs.Theyarehappierwhentheyliveinahealthy,protectedenvironment.Theyarehappierwhentheycankeeptheirtraditionalcultureandcustoms.➊Finally,peoplearehappierwhentheyhaveagood,stable Todaymanycountries ✔A.tryingtofindtheirownwaystomeasureB.usingtheprinciplesofGNHtomeasuretheirC.workingtogethertodevelopacommonscaletomeasureD.takingbothBhutanandBrazilassymbolsforsocial(倒数第二段)Bhutanisasymbolforsocialprogress.➊ManycountriesarenowinterestedinBhutan’sGNH.❷Thesecountriesareinvestigatingtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness.Theywanttocreatenewpoliciesthattakecareoftheircultures,and(最后一段)Brazilmaybethenest