高考英语阅读理解技巧细节理解题

第一页，共31页。1Let'sspotthedifferences大家来找茬第二页，共31页。2高三英语专题(zhuāntí)复习

StrategiesforQuestionsofDetails英语阅读理解(lǐjiě)技巧(事实细节题)第三页，共31页。3推理(tuīlǐ)判断题猜测(cāicè)词义题阅读(yuèdú)四大题型细节理解题主旨大意题第四页，共31页。4高考英语阅读理解题考查(kǎochá)方式是非题年代与数字(shùzì)考点Wh-题(who,what,when,where,why,how)第五页，共31页。51、细节(xìjié)题的题干分析2、细节题解题(jiětí)方法教学内容第六页，共31页。6分析往年高考卷的阅读(yuèdú)细节题分别考查哪些信息？60. HowdidPercivalfeelduringhismeetingwithLaura? 50.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthepassage?63. Whatmade“I〞finallythinkofgettingacellphone?57.WhendidTanniwinherfirstOlympicgoldmedal?72.Whydidtheauthorandhiswifetryanewdiet?事件(shìjiàn)人物(rénwù)方式时间因果第七页，共31页。7Notlongago.Mywife,PJ,andItriedanewdiet—nottolosealittleweightbuttoansweranannoyingquestionaboutclimatechange.原因(yuányīn)72.Whydidtheauthorandhiswifetryanewdiet?A.TotakespecialkindsoffoodB.Torespondtoclimatechange.C.ToloseweightD.Toimprovetheirhealth___________________________________________________________同义词第八页，共31页。8

In1988,TanniwenttoherfirstParalympicGamesinSeoul.Shewonbronzeinthe400metres.Evengreatersuccessfollowedatthe1992Barcelona.Paralympics.Tanniwongoldinthe100,200,400and800metresrelay,settingtwoworldrecordsintheprocess.时间(shíjiān)57.WhendidTanniwinherfirstOlympicgoldmedal?A.In1984.B.In1988.C.In1992.D.In2007第九页，共31页。9事实细节题考查的六大(liùdà)信息事实细节题干常用when,where,who,why,what和how等提问或要求用此类信息补全句子，考查(kǎochá)对应的六大信息内容，即_______、_____、_____、_____、_____和_______。时间(shíjiān)地点人物原因事件方式summary第十页，共31页。101.Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,what,which,etc.)___?2.Which

of

the

following

statements

is

correct/true?〔三误一正(yīzhènɡ)〕3.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetext?〔三正一误〕4Theauthor(orthepassage)statesthat___.5…..常见(chánɡjiàn)设题方式：第十一页，共31页。11

题干设计常常避开原文中所用的词汇，而用其同义词、近义词或反义词设题。设题特点(tèdiǎn)：第十二页，共31页。12解题技巧与策略(cèlüè)第一步：略读题干(Skimming)首先，快速浏览每道试题(shìtí)的题干(即问题)。第二步：通读(tōnɡdú)全文(Scanning)浏览了题干与选项之后，要带着“问题〞通读全文。第三步：研读攻关(Close-reading)注意对信息进行综合分析，分清主次、真伪，防止受信息的干扰，陷入高考题所设下的“陷阱〞，学会“排除〞干扰项。第十三页，共31页。13

(NewYork)AFrenchtouristhighlypraisedforrescuingatwo-year-oldgirlinManhattansaidhedidn’tthinktwicebeforedivingintothefreezingEastRiver.Tuesday’sDailyNewssaid29-year-oldJulienDuretfromFranceisthemanwholeftthespotquicklyaftertherescuelastSunday.HeliftedthelittlegirloutofwateraftershefelloffthebankattheSouthStreetSeaportmuseum.Hehandedthegirltoherfather,DavidAnderson,whohaddivedinafterhim.

Readingmaterial1

第十四页，共31页。14Q:WhodivedafterDuretintotherivertosavethelittlegirl?

A.DavidAndersonB.Apasser-byC.HisgirlfriendD.Ataxidriver题干是问谁在Duret之后跳进河里救人，可以以dive为线索(xiànsuǒ)找到原文的Hehandedthegirltoherfather，DavidAnderson，whohaddivedinafterhim，故可知答案是DavidAnderson。1wh-细节(xìjié)题第十五页，共31页。15语篇解读：本篇文章为说明文。说明了什么是食物中毒以及它常见的病症，导致食物中毒的原因，如何正确处理食物以减少(jiǎnshǎo)中毒的可能，最后说明了食物中毒并不可怕，只要休息几天或多喝开水即可痊愈。Readingmaterial2第十六页，共31页。16Readingmaterial2

Foodsometimesgetspoisonedwithharmfulthings.Apersonwhoeatssuchfoodcangetanillnesscalledfoodpoisoning.Foodpoisoningisusuallynotserious,butsometypesaredeadly.Thesymptomsoffoodpoisoningusuallybeginwithinhoursofeatingthepoisonedfood.

Fever

isoneofthemostcommonsymptoms.第一段____________________________________________第十七页，共31页。17QWhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Foodwhenpoisonedcanmakepeoplesick.B.Foodpoisoningmeansdeath.C.Foodpoisoningcomesinvarieties.D.Foodpoisoningcanbeserious.Passage2以偏概全(yǐpiāngàiquán)三正(sānzhènɡ)一误2是非题Foodpoisoningisusuallynotserious,butsometypesaredeadly.第十八页，共31页。18

Readingmaterial3Thehumanbodyisalivingmachine,andlikeallmachines,itneedsfueltosupplyitwithenergy.Thatisthefoodweeat.Buthowmuchdoweneedtostayhealthy?Theenergyvalueoffoodisusuallymeasuredincalories.Acalorieistheamountofheatrequiredtoraisethetemperatureof1kgofwaterby1℃.Thenumberofcaloriespeopleneedperdayisdifferent,asthechartshows……

练习题Q1)____caloriesarerequiredtoraisethetemperatureof5kgofwaterfrom35℃to90℃.

A.55B.175C.325D.275第十九页，共31页。19

Q1)____caloriesarerequiredtoraisethetemperatureof5kgofwaterfrom35℃to90℃.

A.55B.175C.325D.275

文章(wénzhāng)【解析】答案(dáàn)为D。根据文章细节内容，计算公式为：(90-35)×5×1=2753计算题第二十页，共31页。20CALORIESNEEDEDPERDAYBaby750Officeworker2,700Childaged82,100Womanfeedingbaby2,700Manover702,100Boyaged163,000Woman3,600Farmer2,600A.

Achildaged8requiresmorethan3timestheamountofcaloriesthatababydoes.B.Aboyaged16requiresnearlytwicetheamountofcaloriesthataboyaged8does.C.Anofficeworkerrequiresthesameamountofcaloriesperdayasawomanfeedingababydoes.D.Afarmerrequiresnearly1.5timestheamountofcaloriesthatanofficeworker第二十一页，共31页。21

Q2)WhichstatementisTRUEaccordingtothechartabove?A.

Achildaged8requiresmorethan3timestheamountofcaloriesthatababydoes.B.Aboyaged16requiresnearlytwicetheamountofcaloriesthataboyaged8does.C.Anofficeworkerrequiresthesameamountofcaloriesperdayasawomanfeedingababydoes.D.Afarmerrequiresnearly1.5timestheamountofcaloriesthatanofficeworkerdoes.根据文章图表，依次验证A、B、C、D四个答案的内容是否(shìfǒu)正确。很容易找出C符合图表内容。4图表(túbiǎo)题第二十二页，共31页。22细节(xìjié)题类型1wh细节(xìjié)题2是非题3计算题4图表(túbiǎo)题5排序题6其它题summary第二十三页，共31页。23

有时命题者故弄玄虚，在选项中加些夸大其词的说法，把“大约”说成“绝对，肯定”(要留意选项中诸如all,

absolutely,

only,

never,

completely,definitely等词)，把抽象说成具体，或者把人名、地名、时间等张冠李戴，误串起来，从而构成形是实非的干扰项。注意(zhùyì)“陷阱〞：第二十四页，共31页。24____________明显不是文章的信息(xìnxī)，与文中事实相反或不符干扰(gānrǎo)项的特点与概括:(事实细节(xìjié)题的考点)正误并存扩大(缩小)范围偷换概念以偏概全无中生有_____________信息局部正确，局部错误______________是原文信息，但成心增加或减少细节______________符合常识，但不是文章的内容_____________与原句的内容极为相似，但在程度、态度、褒贬色彩上有变动______________是原文信息，但不是题干要求的内容答非所问第二十五页，共31页。25&Practicemakesperfect!

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