高考专项复习写作技巧之并列句和复合句

并列句和复合句高考(ɡāokǎo)专项复习句子(jùzi)写作之第一页，共32页。一、并列句

第二页，共32页。并列句定义:由并列连词连接的有两个或两个以上独立分句(fēnjù)的句子就是并列句。其句式结构为:简单句+并列连词+简单句。此外并列句也可用分号连接。第三页，共32页。并列连词分类:1.同等关系:常用and,notonly...butalso...,both...and...,aswellas,then等。Workhardandyouwillsucceedsoonerorlater.努力工作，迟早你会成功(chénggōng)的。HeisinClassOneandIaminClassTwo.他在一班,我在二班。

第四页，共32页。2.选择关系:

常用or,otherwise,either...or...,neither...nor...等。Eitheryoudidn'tunderstandthisproblem,oryouwerenotcarefulenough.要么你不懂这个(zhège)问题，要么你不够细心。第五页，共32页。3.转折关系:常用but,still,yet,while等。

Tombecameajudgewhileheremainedafisherman.汤姆成了法官，然而他依然是个渔夫(yúfū)。Ihavefailed,butIshalltryagain.我失败了，但我还要尝试。ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,yet,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmycousin.她认为我在谈她女儿,可是,事实上我在谈我表妹。第六页，共32页。4.因果关系:常用(chánɡyònɡ)so,for等Hetoldmetodoit,soIdidit.他让我这样做，于是我就这样做了。Peterwenttobedearly,forhefeltverytired.彼得早早地睡觉(shuìjiào)了,因为他感到非常疲惫。第七页，共32页。【点津】“祈使句+and/or(otherwise)+简单句〞也是并列句的一种(yīzhǒnɡ),or在此意为“否那么〞。GivemeonemoreminuteorIwon’tbeabletofinishit.再多给我一分钟,否那么(nàme)我不可能完工。第八页，共32页。[句式升级]Hesucceededbecauseofhispersistenceanddeterminationandhewasgivenafamoustitle—theChinese“UncleSusan〞，namedafterAuntSusaninEngland.(冗长(rǒngcháng)的并列句)→Hispersistenceanddeterminationhavepaidoffwithafamoustitle—theChinese“UncleSusan〞，namedafterAuntSusaninEngland.(简练而高级的简单句)第九页，共32页。当并列句的结构前后相同时，可以根据句意省掉后面或前面相同的局部。Readingmakesafullman;conference(makes)areadyman;writing(makes)anexactman.读书(dúshū)使人充实；讨论使人机智；写作使人准确。二、并列句的高级(gāojí)表达形式1．并列句的省略第十页，共32页。Let'sdothedishes.I'llwash(thedishes)andyoudry(thedishes)．我们洗碗吧。我来洗碗，你来把碗弄干。2．祈使句＋and/or(else)/otherwiseStudyhardor(else)/otherwiseyouwillnotpasstheexam.努力学习，否那么(nàme)你不会通过考试。第十一页，共32页。根底稳固(wěngù)(在下面的句子中填入适当的连词)1．didhespeakcorrectly,hespokeeasily.2．Hetriedhardhedidn'tsucceed.3．Hemusthavebeeninahurry,itwasgettingdark.4．Hewaswalkingonthestreethefoundanoldmanfallover.5．Comeearlyyou'llmissthefirstbus.6．Useyourheadyou'llfindaway.Notonlybutalsobutforwhenor(else)/otherwiseand第十二页，共32页。二、复合句第十三页，共32页。定义:复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。主句和从句都具有完整的主谓结构,主句是全句的主体,从句附属于主句,不能独立存在。从句分类:根据从句在全句中的不同作用,从句可分为(fēnwéi):主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句。复合句第十四页，共32页。1.主语从句:在句子中充当句子主语的从句。Whowillgototheconferenceisnotimportant.谁将参加会议并不重要(zhòngyào)。2.宾语从句:在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。HerteacherpointedoutthatZhangHonghadn’tstudiedhardenough.老师指出,张红学习不够努力。3.表语从句:在句子中起表语作用的从句。Thequestioniswhetherweshallrunoutoffoodsoon.问题是我们的食物是否很快会吃完。第十五页，共32页。4.同位语从句:在复合句中充当同位语的从句。Hemadeapromisethathewouldnevercomelate.他承诺永远不会迟到。5.定语从句:在复合句中作定语用来修饰句子中某一名词或代词的从句。ThisisjusttheplacethatI’vebeenlongingtovisitforyears.这就是我多年(duōnián)来一直期望去旅游的地方。第十六页，共32页。6.状语从句:在复合句中作状语,其位置在主句前或主句后。(1)时间状语从句通常由when,as,while,after,before,assoonas,since,till(until),whenever等引导。(2)地点状语从句通常由where,wherever等引导。(3)原因(yuányīn)状语从句通常由because,since,as和for等引导。(4)目的状语从句通常由sothat...,inorderthat...等引导。(5)结果状语从句通常由sothat...,so...that...等引导,往往放在句尾。第十七页，共32页。(6)比较状语从句通常由as,than,as(so)...as等引导。(7)让步状语从句通常由though(although),as,evenif(eventhough),however,whatever等引导。(8)条件状语从句通常由if,unless,aslongas等引导。(9)方式状语从句通常由as,(just)as...so...,asif,asthough引导。【点津】如果一个句子有多个谓语(wèiyǔ),那么这个句子可能是并列句或者是复合句。如果有并列连词,就是并列句,如果没有就是复合句。第十八页，共32页。如何(rúhé)写好复合句恰当地使用从句，可以使作文富有变化，注意各种从句之间的转换。该规定要求(yāoqiú)你不要把邮箱密码告诉他人。→Itisrequiredintheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure­mailaccount.(主语从句﹚第十九页，共32页。→Whatisrequiredintheregulationsisthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure­mailaccount.(主语、表语(biǎoyǔ)从句)→Asisrequiredintheregulations,youshouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure­mailaccount.(定语从句)第二十页，共32页。Ⅰ.根底稳固(在下面(xiàmian)的句子中填入适当的连词)1．therearelotsofdifficultiestoovercome,sheneverletsherproblemsdefeather.2．Ihearmanyfreshmenareatalosswhattodotheyareatcollege.3．Smilingbrightly,shetoldmeshelearntfromhermotherhadneverlefther.Although/Thoughwhenthatwhat第二十一页，共32页。4．Mostofthepupilsleftschool

theirfamiliescouldn'taffordtheireducation.5．Thisyear,thereisanewregulation

somestudentscanattenduniversityforfree.becausethat第二十二页，共32页。6.NeitherJack____hiswifecanplaythepiano.7.Let’sgooutforawalk______youaretootired.8.Sowhatwillhappen__youdon’tlikeyourmajor?9._______hewasill,hecouldnotgotoschool.10.Wechatwithourcolleaguesallthetime,________wehavelunch,orleaveworktogether.

norunlessifBecausewhether第二十三页，共32页。Ⅱ.能力提升(tíshēng)1．一句多译(1)他过去是一个善良的孩子，每个人都想和他交朋友。_Hewassokindaboythateveryonewantedtomakefriendswithhim.(结果状语从句)Hewassokindaboyaseveryonewantedtomakefriendswith.(定语从句)第二十四页，共32页。(2)他乐于助人，这为他赢得了好名声。_________________________________________________________(and连接的并列句)_________________________________________________________(which引导的定语(dìngyǔ)从句)_______________________________________________(动名词作主语)Hewasreadytohelpothersanditwonhimagoodreputation.Hewasreadytohelpothers,whichwonhimagoodreputation.Beingreadytohelpotherswonhimagoodreputation.第二十五页，共32页。(3)掌管这家公司的这个人上个月被指控吸毒。______________________________________________________________________________________________(定语(dìngyǔ)从句)__________________________________________________________________________________(分词短语或介词短语作后置定语(dìngyǔ))Themanwhohastakenchargeof/beeninchargeofthecompanywaschargedwithtakingdrugslastmonth.Themantakingchargeof/inchargeofthecompanywaschargedwithtakingdrugslastmonth.第二十六页，共32页。2．选用(xuǎnyòng)以上句子组建一篇人物介绍的小短文参考范文：_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Hewassokindaboythateveryonewantedtomakefriendswithhim.Whenhegrewup,hewasreadytohelpothers,whichwonhimagoodreputation.Buthe,nowtakingchargeof/inchargeofacompany,waschargedwithtakingdrugslastmonth.第二十七页，共32页。Ⅲ.按照要求变换句型(jùxínɡ)1.Ifyoudon’tgetupnow,you’llbelateforwork.(变为并列句)→_________________________________2.Whiletheyhaveclasses,they’realwaysgossiping.(变为省略句)→________________________________________3.Heisyoung.Heknowsalot.(变为复合句)→_______________________________Getupnow,oryou’llbelateforwork.Whilehavingclasses,they’realwaysgossiping.Thoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.第二十八页，共32页。4.He