2023学年完整公开课版Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars【区一等奖】

eachingguidefortheWorkbook

(练习册教学指导)

LISTENING

AskstudentstothinkaboutwhateducationandexperienceyouneedtobecomeanastronautandmakeatimelineshowingYangLiwei’seducationandexperience.Thenletthestudentsconsiderthesequestions：Whyisitimportanttobeacalmperson?Whytheearliestastronautsinanycountrieshavealwaysflownfastairplanes?Whatwouldworryyouaboutspacetravel?Whatproblemsdoyouthinkyouwouldhaveinspace?

LISTENINGTEXT

YangLiweiisthefirstChineseastronauttogointospace.HetraveledforfourteenhoursonOctober15,2003andcircledtheearthtwenty-onetimes.MrRenault，afamousreporter,isinterviewinghimonapopulartelevisionprogramMysteriesinSpace.

R=MrRenaultY=YangLiwei

R:Thankyousomuch,MrYangforcomingtodaytotalktousaboutyourexperiencesinspace.

Y:Notatall.I’mhappytobehere.

R:Pleasecanyoutelluswhatwasyourmostexcitingmoment?

Y:Well,thatwaswhenthespaceshipbegantoliftofftheground.ThenIknewIwasreallyonmywayandChinawasthethirdcountrytosendpeopleintospace.

R:Didn’tyoufeelafraidatall?

Y:No,becauseI’dbeentrainednottoworry.SoIwatchedallmyinstrumentsandstayedcalm.

R:Wasthereanythingthatsurprisedyou?

Y:Thebeautyofspace.I’dneverrealizedhowlovelytheearthlookstillIwasgoingroundit.

R:Nowweknowthatyouare38yearsold,thatyouhaveanexcellentdegree，youwanttobesuccessfulandyou’vetrainedfor10yearstobecomeanastronaut.Butwhatmadeyouwanttogointospace?

Y:Well，ofcourseitwasoneofmydreamstoflyinspace.IwasapilotfortheairforceofthePLA.SowhentheyofferedmethischanceIwasgladtotakeit.

R:Wheredidyoutrain?

Y:AtaspecialplaceintheGobiDesertcalled“SpaceCity”.OfcourseyouhavetobefitbutI’malsoluckytobeshortandlightsoIwasconsideredtoberightforanastronaut.ItwasawonderfulchancebutIhadtoworkveryhard.

R:Howtallandheavyareyou?

Y:I’malittlesmallerthanl70cmandlessthan70kgs.

R:Wasitsafeinyourspacerocket?

Y:Yes.Itwasfittedwithaspecialseattothrowmeoutofthespacerocketifthingswentwrongasitliftedoff.Thereisalsoaspecialdoorforanotherspacerockettorescuemeiftherewereproblemsinspace.

R:Theyseemtohavethoughtofeverything.Thankyoufortakingyourtime.

Y:Apleasure.

AnswerkeyforExercise1：

1F2F3T4T5T6T

AnswerkeyforExercise2：

InformationonYangLiwei,theastronaut

Theexamshepassed

Excellentdegreeand10years’training

Experience

PilotfortheairforceofthePLA

Physicalqualities

Smallerthan170cm；lessthan70kg

Personalqualities

Calm,mature,hard-working

AnswerkeyforExercise3：

1ThereareescapeseatsifYangLiweineedsthemandspecialdoorsconnectingtorescuerocketsifnecessary.

2Answerswillvary.

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NOTE:ThefirstwomaninspacewasaRussianastronautcalledValentinaTereshkova.OnJune16,1963ValentinaTereshkovawentintospaceaboardVostok6.Shebecamethefirstwomantotravelinspace.ValentinaTereshkovamade48orbitsoftheearth.Shespentalmostthreedaysinspace.ShewasbornonMarch6th1937.Therewerealsosomeotherwomenastronautsgoingonspacetripsafterher.

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TALKING

Thistaskasksthestudentstoworkitinpairsandgiveafriendanumberof“dos”and“don’ts”forgoingintospace.Theyneedtomakesuggestionsusingthephrasesthattheyhavebeengiventohelpthem.Whentheyhaveworkedouttheadvicetheycanwritethesuggestionsdownandreadthemouttotheclass.

Sampledialogue:

WQ=WeiQing

WQ:I’mgoingtovisitacomet.Howexciting!I’llleavetomorrow.

YOU:Pleasecheckthatyou’vegotthecorrectsortofspacesuits.Youneedthekindthatwillkeepyouwarminthecoldestweather.

WQ:Ofcourse!

YOU:Makesureyoualsoknowa11thesafetyrules.Itisnotsafetostandonacometortogettooclose.Thereisalwaysastrongwindinspace.

WQ:OfcourseI’llnotleavethespaceshipexcepttotakephotos.

YOU:Photos?Justthinkofthedustintheair.It’llmaketakingphotosverydifficult.

WQ:Well,Iplantotakesomeanyway.

YOU:Watchoutforthespacewindwhichcanbeverydangerous.Itmakesastrangenoisetooasitgoesthroughthesky.Youmaybeabletohearit.

WQ:Yes.Myspaceleaderhasalreadymentionedthat.

YOU:Lastlydon’tforgettowatchthetimeasyouleavetheearthandseehowitgetsfasterorsloweronyourjourney.Alsopleasepayattentiontoeverythingyourspaceguidesays.Donotgooffonyourown.Lookatthetemperatureonyourspacesuitatalltimes.Ifitgetstoolowyouneedtowarmitupandifit’stoohighyouneedtopushthebuttontocoolitdown.Anyway，haveagoodtrip!

WQ:Thankyou.Iwill!

USINGWORDSANDEXPRESSIONS

AnswerkeyforExercise1：

Across

2float5mass6presence8carbon9mobile

Down

1planet2force3astronomy4explore7circle

AnswerkeyforExercise2：

1energetic2surface3dependson4gradually

5exists6prevent…from7spread8aremultiplying

9Nowthat

AnswerkeyforExercise3:

1Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,peoplehavecometodependmoreandmoreonthecomputertodealwithallkindsofthings.

2Nowthatmanyproblemsexistwhichcannotbesolved,warswillprobablybreakout.

3Hegraduallygotthehangofthismethodofresearchaftermanyyears’practice.

4Thepresenceofthatfamousdirectorcheeredupallthepeopleatthemeeting.

5Weshouldfindsomewaystopreventtheharmfulgasfromspreading.

6Heisalreadyexhausted.Weshouldlessenhispaininsteadofdisappointinghim.

USINGSTRUCTURES

AnswerkeyforExercise1:

1What2What3Why4What

5Where6When7How8What

SamplediscussionforExercise2:

S1:Myonlyproblemisfindingtimetolistentomymusic.MyparentsinsistthatIfinishdoingmyhomeworkbeforeIlistentomymusic.Butbythenit’stimetogotobed.

S2:You’reluckyifthat’syouronlyproblem.MytroubleisthatIhavetosharemybedroomwithmycousinwhowantstoworkatnightbutnotduringtheevening.Sohekeepsthelightonandmakesitverydifficultformetogotosleep.

S3:That’snoproblem.Myadviceisputtingatoweloveryourheadandthedarknesswillsoonputyoutosleep.Myproblem，now，isreallyimpossibletosolve.I’munabletoconcentrateonmyworkbecauseIgetsoworriedabouttheexams.ItseemsasifIfreezeandcan’tdoanything.ThismakesmeworryevenmoreandthenIreallypanic.

S4:Don’tworry.Iusedtohavethatproblem.Isolveditbymeditatingonmybedeverynightbeforegoingtobed.Classicalmusicalsoseemstohelpme.Youshouldtryit.

S3:ThanksIwill.

S2:I’llalsotryyourideawiththetowel—maybethatwillworkforme.

S1:Asforme，Ishalljusthavetodiscoverawayofworkingevenharderso1havemorefreetime!

LISTENINGTASK

Thepurposeofthislisteningistointroducestudentstothepotentialvalueofspacetravel.Theinterviewisbetweenahypotheticalastronomer,LiYanping,andtheworkhehasdoneinspace.Thisinterviewisnotwitharealastronomerbutitisbasedonarealevent.TheHubbletelescopehadtobepolishedbecauseitwasnotproperlyconstructedbeforeitwasputintospace.Spacewalkingisverydifficultandneedsagreatdealofpractice.Itisextremelydangerousandtheinterviewstressesthewayspeoplehavetoadapttotheharshnessoflifeinspace.Letthestudentslistentothetapeandthendiscusswiththemwhatthepotentialdangersareandhowtheequipmentthattheastronautcarrieshelpshim／her.

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LISTENINGTEXT

W=WallisL=LiYanping

W:MrLiYanping,wouldyoupleasetellusaboutyourfirstspacewalk?

L:Yes.Iwouldbeveryhappytodoso.WerepairedtheHubbletelescope.

W:Really?Whatdidyouhavetodo?

L:Itwillprobablyseemverysimpletoyou.Wehadtocleanit.

W:Sohowdidyougetreadyforthewalkfromthespaceship?

L:Firstwehadtogetintoourspacesuits.Theyareverythickandcarryalltheoxygenwewillneedtobreathe.Italsohashotandcoldwatersothesuitcanwarmusifitistoocoldorcoolusifitistoohotinspace.Itisveryheavy.

W:Isitdangeroustoleavethespaceship?

L:Yes,indeed.Whenweleave,wegointoasmallroom.Wehavetowearourgravitybootssowecanwalkthere.Weclosethedoorbehindusandthenwecanopenthedoortospace.Thenourgravitybootsstopworkingandwecanflyoutofthedoor.

W:Howdoyougetaboutinspace?

L:Weusesmallenginestomovearound.Togoleftwepushtheleftengineandtogorightwepushthefightone.Wehavetogoveryslowlybecausewedon’tweighanythinginspace.Wecanflyaroundlikefeathers.

W:Whatdoesitfeellikeinspace?

L:Verystrange.Wehavenoweightbecausethereisnogravity,sodoinganylittlejobisverytiring.Wehadtopracticemovingandworkingalotbeforewewereallowedoutsidethespaceship.

W:Whathappensifyouflytoofarfromthespaceship?

L:Youwouldneverbeabletogetbacktoitsowetieourselvestothespaceshipwithaspecialrope.

W:WhatdidyouusetorepairtheHubbletelescope?

L:Weusedsomespecialtoolsthatweretiedroundourwaists.Thatwaywedidn’tlosethemastheymightflyawayinspacetoo.Wedidagoodjob.Thetelescopeworksfinenow.

W:Thankyouverymuch,MrLi.

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AnswerkeyforExercise1：C

AnswerkeyforExercise2：

1Oxygencan(ontheback)

2Watersystem(thepartofthesuitcoveringthebody)

3Gravityboots(onthefeet)

4Leftengine(ontheleftside)

5Rightengine(onthefightside)

6Toolkit(onthewaist,attheback)

READINGTASK

Suggestedanswers：

Oldideasabout“blackholes”

Wasthiswhatwefound?

Newideasabout“blackholes”

Blackholescannotbeseen.

Objectsarepulledtowardsit.

Objectsgoroundandroundoutsidethemouthofthe“blackhole”.

Objectaslargeassuncandisappearintothe“blackhole”.

Allobjectsmustgointothe“blackholes”whentheyarecaughtbyitsgravity.

Theycanbethrownfarfromthe“blackhole”bytheenergyinthe“blackhole”.

Timeslowdownwhenyouareclosetoa“blackhole”.

SPEAKINGTASK

Thepurposeofthistaskistousetheinformationthestudentshavegainedfromthelisteningtextandreadingpassageinanewsituation.Theyaregoingtointerviewtheastronomerinourstory，LiYanping，foraschoolnewspaper.Soinpairstheyneedtoworkoutsomequestionstoaskhim.Eachofthepairsneedstothinkofthreedifferentquestions(sotheyneedtothinkofsixaltogether).

Suggestedquestions:

1Whatwasthemostunexpectedthingyoufoundoutaboutthe“blackholes”?

2Ifyoucannotseea“blackhole”,howdidyouknowyouhadreachedone?

3Whatwasthemostfrighteningthingthathappenedtoyouonthisjourney?

Possibleanswerstothequestions:

1Mostunexpectedthing：the“blackhole”threwoutmaterialaswellasswallowingobjects.

2Knowingwhenwereachedit:Youonlyknowyouareclosetoablackholebyseeingthingsdisappearintowhatappearstobeallemptyspace.Theblackholecannotbeseen.

3Mostfrighteningexperience：whenthegravityofthe“blackhole”waspullingitsslowlyintoits“mouth”,andthenthespaceshipmovedaroundtheholeandbegantogofasterandfasterintoit；IwasterrifiedbecauseIthoughtwewouldbeswallowedbythe“hole”.

WRITINGTASK

Thepurposeofthiswritingtaskisforthestudentstousetheinformationtheyhavegatheredonastronomyandtheirquestionstoeachothertowriteaninterestingandlivelynewspaperarticle.Thereading，listening，speakingandwritingtaskshavebeenintegratedsothatitwillstimulatethestudents’interestandinvolvementinthetopic.Itshouldstimulateinterestinthesubjectanddeveloptheircreativewritingskills.

HopefullytheywillalsofollowthedevelopmentoftheChinesespaceprogrammeclosely.AllthepreparationshavebeencarriedoutforthefirstChinesemannedspaceflighttotakeplace.EventuallyChinaplanstoputalaboratoryintospacemannedbyscientistsforshortperiods.TheyaimtovisittheMoontolookforvaluableresourcesthereaswellastostudyitsenvironmentandgeologicalstructure.

China’smannedspaceprogrammehasfourgoals:todevelopbasicmannedspaceflighttechnology,toobservetheearthandundertakeexperimentsinspace,tohelpdesignspacevehiclesandtoaccumulateexperienceforalargespacestation.Yourstudentsmaybecomepartofthisfutureprogrammewithyourencouragementinstimulatingtheirinterest.

Samplewriting:

Iwouldliketovisittheplanet,Venus,ifIhadanopportunitytogointospace.IhavealwayswantedtovisititeversinceIfirstfoundoutwhichstaritwasinthenightsky.Ithinkitwouldtakemealongtimetogetthere.SoIwouldneedaspaceshipwithlotsofdistractions.ItwouldbeveryimportantformetoexerciseonmyjourneytoVenussoIwouldneedagymandaswimmingpool.ThenmymuscleswouldbestrongwhenIreturntotheeachtotellmystory.

IhopethatIwillseemanyexcitingthingsonVenus.IloveheatbutIunderstanditisextremelyhotthere.Myspacesuitwillhavetobeabletowithstandheatofover1000degreesandnotmelt.ItwouldbewonderfulifIcouldpassclosetothemoononmywaytoVenus.IwouldliketobeabletoseethefirstfootprintsleftbytheAmericanastronautsandfindtheplacewheretheylanded.Iwillbeabletoseethatbecausetheyleftaflagonthesurface.IexpectthatwhenIgetthereVenuswillbeverycloudyhotandhumid.Ishallneedspecialclothestowearandairtobreathe.IwouldliketobethefirstastronauttowalkonVenusandplotitsgeography.Thatwouldbewonderfulformeaswellasmycountry.Iho