2023届内蒙古乌兰察布市集宁高考英语考前最后一卷预测卷含解析

2023高考英语模拟试卷考生请注意：.答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。.第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。3.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）一I'mafraidIcouldn'tgotoyourbirthdayparty.IhaveatestnextMonday.—Oh,!You'remybestfriendandyoumustbethere!A・goahead B.comeon C.youneedn'tD.itdoesn'tmatter—Hi,Johnson,anyideawhereSusanis?-Itisclasstime,sosheintheclassroomnow.A.canbe B.musthavebeenC.mighthavebeenD.shouldbe---Therewon'tbeanywheretopark.--Oh,・Let'strythesubway.A.that'sarealbargainB.thafsagoodpointC.thafsreallysomethingD.thafsallsettledWiththedevelopmentofscience,morenewtechnologytothefleldsofIT.A.hasintroduced B.isbeingintroducedC・isintroducedD.wasintroducedLiHuahismoneyfordollarsbeforehewentonaholidayinAmerica.A.exchangesB.hasexchangedC.willexchangeD.hadexchangedWhyyouchoosetoworkinaremotevillageschoolwhenyoucanownarespectablejobinacity?A.need B.shouldC.mustD.willTheywenttothestreettotothewholecitytohelpthepoorboy.A・apply B.appealC.addD.replyThehouseIliveinisverysmall.A.thatB.whomC.whenD.whatJane'spalefacesuggestedthatsheillandherparentssuggestedthatsheamedicalexam.A.be;shouldhave B.was;haveC.shouldbe;hadD.was;hadthedifferentrunnerswhopassedbyandquicklytookacupofwater.Somewalkedpast,somejoggedpastandafew 2pastWatchingsomany3ofpeopledoingit,IthoughtmaybeIcoulddoittoo!ThenextyearIdecidedto4therace.With5runningpractice,Ijustwantedtofinish.Onthedayoftherace,itwasterriblyhot.Onlyafter2miles,Ifeltsweat6offmeandmylegsswelling.Ibeganto7 JWhyamIdoingthis?WhatwasIthinking?Imustbe8Forthefollowingmiles,Ijogged.Iwalked,Ijoggedandwalked.Attimes,IwonderifIcould9 .10theend,a70-year-oldmanrushedpastme,very11 ,andIfeltalittle12thatIwasmorethan50yearsyoungerthanhimandIcouldn't13keepupwithhim.ButthenIrealizedsomething:hewasrunninghisraceandIwasrunningmine.Howofteninlifedowe14ourselvestoothersandfeeldisappointedinourselveswhenwereally15 ?Wearealluniquehumanbeingswithunique16 .It*sreallynogoodfocusingonothers1race.IdecidedthatIwouldnot17running,andthatonedayIwouldbeoneofthose18peoplewhowerestillrunningraces.AsIcrossedthefinishingline,Iwasproudofmyself.Ididn'tregrethavingsuchanexperience.Ifyoudon't 19othersbutgetthelessonandgrow,youaretrulya20・1>A.seeB.inspectC.stareD.notice2、A.struggleB.draggedC.rushedD.moved3、A.stylesB.ranksC.typesD.races4、A.runupB.runoutC.runacrossD.runfor5、A.someB.littleC.muchD.anyA.pouringB.takingC.meltingD.blowingA.doubtB.rememberC.imagineD.suppose8、A.friendlyB.crazyC.generousD.tired9、A.winB.stopC.makeD.finish10、A.OnB.AtC.NearD.By11、A.slowlyB.gentlyC.heavilyD.fast12、A.pleasedB.frightenedC.delightedD.embarrassed13、A.justB.evenC.stillD.already14^A.compareB.devoteC.recommendD.show15、A.couldn'tB,won*tC.shouldn*tD.can't16、A.significanceB.paceC.principleD.concept17、A.insistonlookuptoputupwithD.giveup18、A.elderlyB.professionalC.internationalD.educated19、A.persuadeB.changeC.beatD.follow20、A.learnerB・winnerC.dreamerD.competitor16、A.significanceB.paceC.principleD.concept17、A.insistonlookuptoputupwithD.giveup18、A.elderlyB.professionalC.internationalD.educated19、A.persuadeB.changeC.beatD.follow20、A.learner（15分）请根据上下文线索及所给提示填空，使短文语义连贯、语法正确，并把该词的完整形式写在答题纸上相应题号的横线处。Spendingmychildhoodatthefarmisatrulyunforgettableexperiencesofar.Thelifel,Iledtherewithmyparentswasfullofattraction,and2.ismemoryofityet.Icancallbackthescenesofsunsets,themysteryofdeepforests,theearlysmells,thefaintodors（味道）ofwildflowers,theshinyappearanceofrain-washedleaves,thegentlesoundsofdropswhenwinds3,（shake）thetrees,4,thefar-offdrummingofwoodlong-tailedbirdsinthedistanceoftheforests,5>disturbedwildcreatureswereseentomovethroughthegrassquickly-Icancallitallbackandmakeitasreal6.iteverwas.Icancallbackthegrasslands,andits7.（lonely）andpeace,andahugeeaglehangingstillinthesky,withhiswingsspread8,（wide）inthebluesky.Icanseethewoodsintheirautumndress,theoakpurple,thehickories（山核桃）washedwithgold,andthemaplesshiningwithcrimson（深红的）fires,andIcanheartherustlemadebythe9.（fall）leavesaswewalkedthroughthem.Icanseethebluebunchesofwildgrapeshanging10.theleaves,andIrememberthetasteofthemandthesmell.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（人），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Maria,a91-year-oldwoman,hasanunbelievableexperiencelastweek>Agroupofthievesbrokeinherhousebuttooknothingawaywiththem、Mariarecalledthatthewindowswerebrokenandthatallherboxwereopened,butnothingwasmissing、Instead,shefoundahandwrittennoteonthetablethatwassaid,“Thisishelpyoutogetby、”Besidethenotetherewassomemoney>ItseemedthatthethievesrealizedhowpoorMarialivedanddecidednottotakesomething-buttohelp、Onepolicemanwhohasbeenworkingfor40yearsissurprisingbythiseventtoo、LaterMariakeptthenotereceivedfromherfriendlythievesorusedthemoneytobuysweetsforhisgreatgrandchildren>第二节书面表达（满分25分）.（25分）假定你是李华，你校英文报“外国文学”栏目拟刊登介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。请给你的美国老师Smith先生写信约稿。要点如下：.栏目介绍；.稿件内容；.稿件长度：约400词；.交稿日期：4月15日前。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考答案第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1、B2、D3、B4、B5、D6、C7、B8、A9、B10、D11、C12、D13、D14、A15、A16、A17、A18、C19、B20、A第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。1、C2、A3、C1、D2、B3、B4、B1、B2、C3、D4、A1、D2、B3、C1、C2、B3、D4、B第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.1、A2、C3、C4、D5、B6、A7、A8、B9、D10、C11、D12、D13、B14、A15、C16、B17、D18、A19、C20、B第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27>1.that/which/不填soshookandwhereas7・lonelinesswidefallenamong第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）Maria,a91-year-oldwoman,hasanunbelievableexperiencelastweek.Agroupofthieveshadbrokeinherhousebuttooknothingawaywiththem.Mariarecalledthatthewindowswereintobrokenandallherboxwereopened：butnothingwasmissing.Instead,shefoundahandwrittenboxesnoteonthetablethatsaid："Thisis'helpyoutogetby”.Besidethenotetherewassomemoney.ItseemedthatthethievesrealizedhowpoorMarialivedanddecidednottotakepoorlysomething-buttohelp.Onepolicemanwhohasbeenworkingfor40yearsissurprisingbyanything surprisedthiseventtoo.LaterMariakeptthenotereceivedfromherfriendlythievesbutusedtheandmoneytobuysweetsforhisgreatgrandchildren.28、her第二节书面表达（满分2528、29、DearMr.Smith,FmwritingtoaskyoutowriteanarticleforourSchoolEnglishNewspaper.The“ForeignCultures99sectioninournewspaperenjoysgreatpopularityamongusstudents.Itcarriesarticleswrittenbyforeignfriendsabouttheculturesoftheirhomecountries.Yourwritingaboutthelocalculturewillbehighlyappreciated.AndwewouldespeciallywelcomearticlesabouthowAmericansspendholidaysandfestivals,andthelifeofAmericanstudents.Youcancoveranythingrelevantsolongasit'sinterestingandinformative.400wordswouldbefine.CouldwehaveyourarticlebeforeApril15th?Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely,LiHuaItisobviousthatJohnisunhappy.,itcomesasnosurprisethatshehasdecidedtochangeherjob.A.HoweverB.OtherwiseC.MoreoverD.ThereforeItwasnotuntil3dayslaterthattheboycamebacktolifeandexplainedtothepolicewhattohim.A.washappeningB.wastohappenC.hadhappenedD.hashappened-Oh,wehavefinishedourtaskandcanhaveagoodrest.-・Ourmanagertookanotherorderyesterday.A.Yes,itwill B.Idon'ttakemuchofitC>It*spossibleD.It*shardtosay—Wouldyoulikemetheradioabit?一No,ifsallright.Fmused withtheradio .A.toturndown;towork;on B.turningdown;toworking;onC.turningdown;toworking;offD.toturndown;toworking;onIt'sthattimeofyearagain,whenAlipayusjusthowmuchwe'vebeenspending,andonwhat.A.reminds B.remindedC.hasremindedD.isremindingIfyougotobuythetopbest-sellingCD,pleasegetforme.A.one B.itC.thisD.thatThedebateherewillbelimitedintwomainrespects,thetimeavailable.A.inviewofB.inreturnforC.inadditiontoD.incomparisonwithU.S.PresidentBarackObamaarrivedinChina'seconomiccenterShanghaionSundaynight,November15th2009,astatevisittoChina.A.startingB.startedC.tostartD.havingstartedTheBritishgovernmentpublishedanofficialpolicydocumentitsplanstobringtheUKoutoftheEuropeanUnion.A.lettingoutB.puttingoutC.settingoutD.workingoutMytoothacheme.Ithoughtitwasgoingaway,butitisgettingworsenow.A.kills B.iskillingC.haskilledD.killedAccordingtoarecentstudy,thehighschoolgraduationrateforblackmenhasfallenby43percent,whileofblackwomenhasrisenby56percent.A.that B.whatC.oneD.which第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（6分）Thehighestbeefpricesinalmostthreedecadeshavearrivedjustbeforethestartofthehotseason,causingagreatshocktobothconsumersandrestaurantowners—andreliefisn'tlikelyanytimesoon.AdecreasingnumberofcattleandgrowingexportdemandfromcountriessuchasChinaandJapanhavecausedtheaveragepriceoffreshbeeftoclimbto$5.28apoundinFebruary,upalmostaquarterfromJanuaryandthehighestpricesince1987.Everythingthafsproducedisbeingconsumed,saidKevinGood,ananalystatCattleFax,aColorado-basedinformationgroup.PriceswilllikelystayhighforacoupleofyearsascattleproducersstarttorebuildtheircattleamongbigquestionsaboutwhethertheSouthwestandpartsoftheMidwestwillseeenoughraintowaterthegrass.nIquitbuyingsteaksawhileagowhenthepricewentupJsaid59-year-oldLenMarkham,whoworksatTexasTech.Shesaysshelimitsredmeatpurchasestohamburger,choosingchicken,porkandfishinstead.Restaurantowners,too,mustdealwiththehighprices.MarkHutchens,ownerofthe50YardLineSteakhouseinLubbock,raisedhismenupricesforbeefitemsbyabout5percentinNovember.Sincethen,theownerofthesmalleatinghousehastriedtomakecutselsewheretoavoidpassingitontocustomers.nItreallyputsmorepressureonthesmallguysJhesaidofnon-chainrestaurants.nIjustthinkyouhavetostaycompetitiveandkeepyourcostslow.”uWhite-tableclothrestaurantshaveadjustedthesizeoftheirsteaks,makingthemthinner"，saysJimRobb,directoroftheColorado-basedLivestockMarketingInformationCenter.uAndfast-foodrestaurantsarecuttingcostsbyreducingthenumberofmenuitemsandareofferingothermeatoptions,includingturkeyburgers,Robbsaid.Chainrestaurantsalsotrytobuybeefasmuchastheycan,whichessentiallygivesthemadiscount"，IowaStateUniversityassistanteconomicsprofessorLeeSchulzsaid.Thehighpricesarewelcomenewsforatleastonegroup: （大农场经营者卜especiallythoseinTexaswhoforyearshavestruggledamiddrought（干旱）andhighfeedprices.Butevenasranchersbreatheasighofrelief,someworrylastinghighpriceswillcauseconsumerstopermanentlychangetheirbuyinghabits—switchingtochickenorpork.PeteBonds,a62-year-oldTexasrancherandpresidentoftheTexasandSouthwesternCattleRaisersAssociation,saidthafsabigconcern.uButsuchfearsmaybeunfounded,Robbsaid.uThreeyearsago,economiststhoughtconsumerswouldstartfindingsubstitutionsforbeefasthedroughtspread.We'resurprisedwehaven'tseenmoreofthatJhesaid.SouthDakotarancherChuckO'Connorthinksthatconsumerswon'tabandonbeefforgood.'Tmsuresomearemaybegoingtocutbacksome,buttosaythatpeoplearen*tgoingtobuyitanymore,Idon'tthinkthafsgoingtohappen/*hesaid,adding,nIhopenot.”1、Thepriceofbeefhasincreasedbecause・A.thereisagrowingdemandoffreshbeefamongAmericansB・cattleproducershavesucceededinraisinganewtypeofcattlethereisalackofrainandtheexportofbeefisincreasingranchershavefoundwaystodealwithhighfeedprices2、WhichmethodisNOTusedbyrestaurantownerstodealwiththehighbeefprices?Theyhavemadethesteakssmallerthanbefore.Theyhaveincreasedthepricesofbeef-relateddishes.Theyhavemadehamburgerswithmanyotherkindsofmeat.Theyhavesoughtdiscountbypurchasinglargeamountsofbeef.3、JimRobbgivesanexampleinthesixthparagraphinorderto・tellpeoplethatitisatoughjobtolookforsubstitutionsforbeefshowhisfearthatchickenorporkmaybeanalternativetobeefexplainthatcustomerswon'tchangetheirbuyinghabitscompletelyindicatethatranchersmaybeleastaffectedbythehighbeefprices22.（8分）^Educationalresearchers,politicalscientistsandeconomistsareincreasinglyinterestedinthecharacteristicsandskillsthatparents,teachersandschoolsshouldfosterinchildrentoincreasechancesofsuccesslaterinlifeJsaidleadauthorMarionSpengler,PhDoftheUniversityofTubingen?9Ourresearchfoundthatspecificbehaviorsinhighschoolhavelong-lastingeffectsforone'slaterlife.”Spenglerandherco-authorsanalyzeddatacollectedbytheAmericanInstitutesforResearchfrom346,660U・S.highschoolstudentsin1960,alongwithfollow-updatafrom81,912ofthosestudents11yearslaterand1,952ofthem50yearslater.Theinitialhighschoolphasemeasuredavarietyofstudentbehaviorsandattitudesaswellaspersonalitycharacteristics,cognitiveabilities,parentalsocioeconomicstatusanddemographic（人口统计的）factors.Thefollow-upsurveysmeasuredoveralleducationalattainment,incomeandoccupationalprestige（声望）.Beingaresponsiblestudent,showinganinterestinschoolandhavingfewerproblemswithreadingandwritingwereallsignificantlyassociatedwithgreatereducationalattainmentandfindingamoreprestigiousjobboth11yearsand50yearsafterhighschool.Thesefactorswerealsoallassociatedwithhigherincomeatthe50-yearmark.Mosteffectsremainedevenwhenresearcherscontrolledparentalsocioeconomicstatus,cognitiveaibilityandotherbroadpersonalitycharacteristicssuchasconscientiousness.Whilethefindingsweren'tnecessarilysurprising,Spenglernotedhowreliablyspecificbehaviorspeopleshowedinschoolwereabletopredictlatersuccess.Furtheranalysisofthedatasuggestedthatmuchoftheeffectcouldbeexplainedbyoveralleducationalachievements,accordingtoSpengler.“Studentcharacteristicsandbehaviorswererewardedinhighschoolandledtohighereducationalattainment,whichinturnwasrelatedtogreateroccupationalprestigeandincomelaterinlife,"shesaid."Thisstudyhighlightsthepossibilitythatcertainbehaviorsatcrucialperiodscouldhavelong-termconsequencesforaperson'slife.”1、WhafsthefindingofMarionSpengler火research?Teachersplayadecisiveroleinstudents9latersuccessPersonalitycharacteristicsaremoreimportantthanacademicperformancesHighereducationalattainmenthaslittletodowithoccupationalprestigeBehaviorsinthehighschoolshouldbehighlystressed.2、WhichisTRUEabouttheresearch?TheresearchwasconductedamongtotallydifferentpeopleduringdifferentperiodsTheresearchwasbasedonthedatacollectedfrom1960to2010Morepeoplewereinvolvedinthefollow-upsurveysTheinitialhighschoolphasemeasuredattitudesonly3、Whatislikelytocontributetolatersuccessaccordingtotheresearch?ParentalsocioeconomicstatusOveralleducationalachievementsCognitiveabilityD.Hardwork4、Whydidtheresearcherscontrolsomefactorslikeparentalsocioeconomicstatus?ToavoidthepreviousmistakesTohighlighttheeffectsofcertainspecificbehaviorsTodrawanimmediateconclusionTohidsomenegativefindings23.（8分）“Tomorrowisanotherday”-thislinehasimpressedvariouspeopleatvarioustimes.It'snow70yearsafteritappearedinthefilm,butitstillseemstoholditspowerespeciallyduringaneconomicdownturn.ThephrasecomesfromafilmadaptationofMargaretMitchelFssuccessful1936novelGoneWiththeWind.IfssetintheAmericanSouthandtellsthestoryofastrongheroine,ScarlettO'Hara,whostrugglestofindloveduringtheCivilWarand,afterwards,ofherstrengthinsurvivingthewaranditshardships.LovestoryInamomentofdespair,ScarlettfinallyrealizesthatherlovebelongstoRhettButler.Formanyaudiences,itisthethemeofloveandstrugglethathaskeptthemoviealive.WhiletheburningofAtlantamightseemirrelevant（不相关的）totoday'sviewers,thetimelessthemeoflovekeepsitsabilitytotouchpeople.Withapromisetoherloverstillinhermind,ScarlettchoosestostayinthemidstofwarandtakecareofMelanie.ButherheartisbrokenwhenRhettjustwalksaway,leavingthewomanthatheoncelovedwithcruelwords,“Frankly,dear,Idon"giveadamn."（毫不在乎）Greatepic（史诗）Thefilmshowsthelove-haterelationshipofthesecharacters,butalsoAmericanhistory,thefalloftheConfederacyandthefollowingperiodofReconstructionintheSouth.Thebackgroundmadethisfilmatrueclassicintheepicgenre.WhenthefilmopenedafterWorldWarII,Frenchviewerslovedit,anditremindedthemoftheirfightagainsttheNazis.In1940Shanghai,duringtheWarofResistanceAgainstJapaneseAggression（侵略），peoplestoodinlineforhourstowatchthisfilm,andsawthesamesufferingtheywerehavingaswellasthehopeandpossibilityofbuildinganewhomelandfromtheruins.Eachnationalitycouldidentifywiththestoryandseeitasavictory.Infact,GoneWiththeWindneverlostitscharmandabilitytoinspireandamaze.BiggestofalltimeThefilmhadfivedirectors,15-plusscreenwriters,andanunexpected$3.9millionbudget.Thefilmbroughtin$200million,whichmakesitthebiggestsellingfilmofalltimesinNorthAmerica.Italsowon10Academyawardsin1940.Theunderlinedword"it"inthefirstparagraphrefersto.thenovelGonewiththeWind“tomorrowisanotherday”themovieGonewiththeWindD・theAcademyAward2、Thetextiswrittenmainlyto・celebratetheanniversaryofMargaretMitchellintroducehowthefilmwasdirectedandfilmedthrowlighton（阐述）thecharmofthemovie"GonewiththeWind”inspirepeopletostruggletheeconomicdownturn3、ItcanbeconcludedthatScarlettO'Harais.optimisticandluckychildishandrealisticcaringandstubbornstrong-mindedandpersistent（坚毅的）4、ThepassagementionsShanghaiinorderto・provethatthebackgroundofthemovietouchedviewersdescribehowpopularthemoviewasatthattimepointoutthatShanghaiwasacenterofentertainmenttellusthatChineseweresufferingtheWarthen24.（8分）FROM:OfficeofRiskManagementSENT:Monday,March18,2016TO:AllnewemployeesSUBJECT:SafetyRegulationsTrainingAllnewemployeesarerequiredtocompleteatrainingcourseonthesafetyproceduresineffectatourvarioussites.Successfulcompletionofthiscourseisarequirementforobtainingpermanentemploymentstatusatthiscompany.Thetrainingcoursemustbecompletedbyeachemployeebeforetheendofhis/hersix-monthprobationary（试用）period.Thiscourseisindividualizedandself-contained;consequently,youmaytakeitatanytime.ItisavailableintheLearningResourceCenter,locatednexttothecafeteria.Thecenterisopenfrom7A.M.to9P.M・,makingitconvenienttoworkonthecoursebeforeorafteryournormalworkshiftorduringyourlunchhour.ThetrainingcoursecombinestheuseofacomputerandinteractiveCD-ROMs.Youwillbeabletolearnatyourownpace.Completionofthecoursetakesapproximately12to15hours.Uponcompletionyouwillberequiredtoassessthecourseusingtheassessmenttool.Acomputerprintoutwillprovideyouwithimmediateresults.Anyonewithascoreoflessthan75percentwillberequiredtorepeatthecourse.IfyouareunfamiliarwiththeuseoftheLearningResourceCenterequipmentorsoftware,staffareavailabletoassistyou.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsregardingthepurposeofthisrequirementorhowtofulfillit,pleasecontacttheOfficeofRiskManagement.Thankyouforyourcooperation.LouisaParksRiskManagementOfficerTheHolbrookCompanyWhowillmostprobablyreadthise-mailmessage?Retiredemployees.Jobapplicants.Trainingofficers.Recentlyhiredemployees.2、WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?Youcantakethecoursewhereveryoulike.Whenyouhavecompletedthecourse,therewillbeatest.Youhavetoworkonthecourseforover10hourseveryday.Youtakethecourseafteryoubecomeapermanentemployee.3、WherearetheCD-ROMslocated?A.Inthecafeteria.B.Intheemployees5office.A.C.Nexttothecafeteria.D.Inthelaboratory.25.（10分）AbitefromatsetseflyC.Nexttothecafeteria.D.Inthelaboratory.25.（10分）Abitefromatsetsefly（采采蝇）isanextremelyunpleasantexperience.Itisnotlikeamosquito,whichcanputitsthinmouthpartdirectlyintoyourblood,oftenwithoutyounoticing.Incontrast,thetsetsefly'smouthhastinysawsonitthatsawintoyourskinonitswaytosuckoutyourblood.Tomakemattersworse,severalspeciesoftsetseflycantransmitdiseases.Oneofthemostdangerousisaparasitethatcauses"sleepingsickness",or"humanAfricantrypanosomiasis"togiveititsofficialname.Withouttreatment,aninfectionisusuallyfatal.Likesomanytropicaldiseases,sleepingsicknesshasoftenbeenneglectedbymedicalresearchers.However;researchershavelongendeavoredtounderstandhowitavoidsourbodies'defencemechanisms.Someoftheirinsightscouldnowhelpuseliminatesleepingsicknessaltogether.Therearetwoclosely-relatedsingle-celledparasitesthatcausethisdeathlysleep:TrypanosomabruceirhodesienseandT.b.gambiense.Thelatterisfarmorecommon:itisresponsibleforupto95%ofcases,mostlyinwesternAfrica.Ittakesseveralyearstokillaperson,whileT.bruceirhodesiensecancausedeathwithinmonths.Therearestillotherformsthatinfectlivestock.Aftertheinitialbite,sleepingsicknesssymptomsoftenstartwithafever,headachesandachingmuscles.Astheillnessgoeson,thoseinfectedbecomeincreasinglytired,whichiswhereitgetsitsname.Personalitychanges,severeconfusionandpoorcoordinationcanalsohappen.Whilemedicationdoeshelp,sometreatmentsaretoxicandc