2018高考英语大题精做10语法填空

语法填空考试大纲要求考纲解读在一篇约200词左右的短文中留出10个空白，部分空白后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文在空白处填写1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。考查考生对语法、词汇和语用知识的掌握情况。语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形。同时强调语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。【考点统计】2015—2016年高考新课标全国卷语法填空考点统计年份有提示词类试题无提示词类试题特殊句式及固定搭配谓语动词非谓语动词派生词比较等级其他冠词名词介词代词情态动词形容\副词并列连词状语从句名词从句定语从句特殊句式固定搭酉己2017年全国卷I22211010000001002017年全国卷II213001010000000002016年全国卷I120001211010001002016年全国212113-1-卷II2015年全国卷I221020010010001002015年全国卷II13302101000001011【语法填空解题策略】语法填空题设空设空大致有如下特点：无提示词一般考查：冠词、介词、连词、代词、助动词、固定搭配等有提示词一般考查：谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词等。具体策略：（一）给出动词基本形态，填写词性词形转化（转为名词、形容词），或填写谓语部分，或是填写非谓语动词；（二）给出词语，词性的变化，如名词、动词、形容词、副词之间的转化，名词的复数形式，给出形容词，需要填写比较级、最高级，或词性词形转化，转化为副词，或是填写反义词（前缀）；（三）给出副词，填写比较级、最高级，或是填写反义词；（四）不给词语填写限定词的时候，很可能是填冠词、人称代词主格宾格形式，物主代词、反身代词的单复数形式。形容词性物主代词或some、any、other、another等限定词；有的名词前有限定词，比如：序数词，形容词的最高级等，其前用定冠词。真题精做Cloze1（2017•新课标I卷）体裁文章话题词数建议时难度自测正确-2-间率说明文人们对于食物中的脂肪和盐分的态度22110分钟★★★☆☆Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity(医学界)61amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside62(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease—theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired63(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt64(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.As65result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even66(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood67(be)fulloffatandsalt;by68(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack吃点心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be69(care)nottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,70isnotgoodforthehealth.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分，人们的态度不一。脂肪和盐分对于健康来说是必不可少的，但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分，自身的健康将会受到损害。.as【解析】考查介词。句意:这一趋势最初始于医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的方法。相表示“作为，以……身份匕故填鸿.effects【解析】考查单复数。分析语境可知作者表达的意思是“一些不为人知的副作用'根据前文的如1H可知“sideeffect川国」作用甫很多，故填effectso63.toprocess【解析】考查不定式。句意：他们被要求加工食物。require表示“要求”，requiresb.todosth.表示“要求某人做某事”，被动形式为“sb.berequiredtodosth.”（某人被要求做某事）。故填toprocess。areremoved【解析】考查被动语态。句意：当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉。分析可知fat，salt和move之间是被动关系，脂肪和盐分是两种东西，且是被人们去掉，所以用被动语态。故填 areremovedoa【解析】考查冠词。固定短语asaresult表示“结果”。句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。故填a。worse【解析】考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。故填worse。is1解析】考查主谓一致-句意：快餐食物中满是脂肪和盐。皿也强的意思是门快餐力表示一类食物，为不可数名词j谓语动词用单数形式口故填厮eating1解析】考查动名词。句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐.根据前文中的by可知此处应该填名词、动名词】所以填eating。carefill1解析】考查形容词。句意:然而，注意不要走极端。分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词作表语，故埴ffiiLwhich【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析可知whichisnotgoodforthehealt为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整句话。Cloze2(2017•新课标H卷)体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率说明文地铁的最初发展史19210分钟★★★☆☆In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible61(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand62work.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,63(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover64top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.Steamengines65(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen66(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing67everyday.Later,engineers68- (manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧道)，whichbecameknowntothetube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe69(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.ThecentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost70(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地铁的最初发展史。61.crowds【解析】考查名词，此处表示复数概念，crowd前没有冠词，且它是可数名词，故填crowds。62.from【解析】考查介词，toandfrom来回，故填from。63.laying【解析】考查非谓语动词，这里是由and连接的三个动词-ing形式，故填laying。64.the【解析】考查冠词，top是名词，前要用冠词，故填the.65.wereused【解析】考查被动语态，此处表示过去的被动，故填wereused。66.fairly【解析】考查副词，这里碗是形容词，plEMt也是形容词，所以需要将向I变为副词来修饰形容词，故填fairlyoS7.it【解析】考查代词，这里用1t指代前句的mils，故填计。68jnanaged【解析】考查动词，此处表示过去的情况，所以这里也应用一般过去时』故填aged。69.iuti'OdiKti9ii【解析】考查词性转换，空格前是但后面应该是名词，故填名词inrtmdiKtion口TO.successful【解析】考查形容词，空格前是3立其后要跟形容词构成最高级，故填SIXC有加1。Cloze3(2017•新课标HI卷)体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率说明文学业和诱人的职业面前的选择21510分钟★★★☆☆Shelookslikeanyotherschoolgirl,fresh-facedandfulloflife.SarahThomasislookingforwardtothechallengeofhernewA-levelcourse.Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term61(rest).Instead,sheisearning£6500adayas62modelinNewYork.Sarah63(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain'snewsupermodelearningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.HerfatherPeter,44,wantshertogiveupschooltomodelfull-time.ButSarah,64hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants65(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher66(educate).Shehasturneddownseveral67(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.Afterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfull-timebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree68engineeringorarchitecture.Sarahsays,"MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school69(come)first.Idon'twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.Itis70(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.Idon'twanttohavenothingelsetofallbackonwhenIcan'tmodelanymore."【文章大意】本文主要介绍YSarahThomas在学业和诱人的职业面前所做出的选择，她认为在青少年时期要把学业放在首位。61.resting【解析】考查非谓语动词口固定短语：spemltinie加ingstik在帮时间做某事口52.a【解析】考查冠词。皿＜曲1是可数名词,前面没有限定词.而此处泛指”一个故填心wastold/hasbeentold【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可判断出谓语动词应该用一般过去时或现在完成时的被动形式,又因主语Sarah是第三人称单数,故填wastoldrhasl)eeiitold«wto【解析】考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为Sarah,指人，要用刷io。toprove【解析】考查非谓语动词。wanttodosth.想要做某事。education【解析】考查词形转换。形容词性物主代词后面应该接名词形式。invitations【解析】考查名词单复数。配即1修饰可数名词复以形式,故填io加出ms。58.in【解析】考查介词◎出表示“在某方面”，获得某项学位"自eta加骐eia…”口comes【解析】考查动词。根据语境可知Sarah认为当下应该是学业第一，说明现在的情况应该用一般现在时。70.certainly【解析】考查副词。修饰动词应该用副词形式，故填certainly。Cloze4（2017•浙江卷）体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率记叙文戒指失而复归20610分钟★★★☆☆-7-LastOctober,whiletendinghergardeninMora,Sweden,LenaPahlssonpulledoutahandfulofsmall56(carrot)andwasabouttothrowthemaway.Butsomethingmadeherlookcloser,andshenoticeda57(shine)object.Yes,therebeneaththeleafytopofonetinycarrotwasherlong-lostweddingring.Pahlssonscreamed58loudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse."ShethoughtIhadhurt59(I),"saysPahlsson.Sixteenyears60(early),Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondring61(cook)ameal.Whenshewantedtoputtheringbackonlater,itwasgone.Shesuspectedthatoneofherthreedaughters—thenten,eight,andsix-hadpickeditup,butthegirlssaidtheyhadn't.Pahlssonandhrhusband62(search)thekitchen,checkingeverycorner,butturnedupnothing."Igaveuphopeoffindingmyringagain,"shesays.Sheneverreplacedit.Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygot63(sweep)intoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden,64itremaineduntilthecarrot'sleafytopaccidentallysprouted(生长)throughit.ForPahlsson,itsreturnwas65wonder.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述YLenaPahlsson在花园里拔胡萝卜时，找到了丢失已久的结婚戒指的故事。carrots【解析】考查名词。根据"ahandfulof”可知要用carrot的复数形式，故填carrots。shiny/shining【解析】考查形容词。a为冠词,object为名词，横线处应填写形容词。故填shiny或shining。58.so【解析】考查固定结构。根据空后的"loudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse"可知这里为so…that结构，意为"如此 以至于"，故填so。myself【解析】考查代词。主语为I,横线处为宾语，根据语境可知这里指她以为“找”寺伤了自己。故填myselfoearlier【解析】考查形容词。这里指早在十六年前，故填的H工tocock【解析】考查动词不定式口一个句子不能出现双重谓语,所以此处要用不定式作目的状语口故填加cook.searched【解析】考查动词时态。根据"butMed呼nothing"可如这里是叙述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，故填searched。swept【解析】考查动词。ring与sweep之间是被动关系，要用被动语态口故填mwept。where【解析】考查连接词。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，定语从句申缺少地点状语，先行词为限garden,表示地点，故填关系副词由侬口a【解析】考查冠词。2加r是可数名词的单粒形式，且此处表示泛指,因此其前应加不定冠词心故填“Cloze5(2016•新课标I卷)体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率记叙文四川成都大熊猫基地的所见所闻19710分钟★★★☆☆Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia'sbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop61(attract).Soitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelpspayforresearch,I62(allow)togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.Fromtomorrow,IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe63(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback64mydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,65IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter66(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude67(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.Onmyrecentvisit,Ihelpalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby68(it)mother.Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew69(day)withhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed,70otheriswithmum-sheneversuspects.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者作为特邀人员在四川成都的大熊猫基地的所见所闻。attraction【解析】考查词性转换。但对于像我一样的游客，熊猫是成都最吸引人的事物.由形容词性物主代词电以及形容词3可知此处应该填动词wi的的名词形式stig,意为”吸引大之物vaas.all-awed【解析】考查时态和语态口分析句子结构可知,主语I与动词皿叫之间存在被动关系，目前一句的"词霞"表明此处应用一般过去时,故填wasallnvredqofficially【解析】考查词性转换。修饰动词应该用副词，所以填口航期。&Lto【解析】考查介词口即backto是固定搭配，意为"追溯到“o65.when【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，故填关系副词when。permitted【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，permit与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，故填过去分词permitted作后置定语，相当于that/roducing【解析】考查非谓语动词。动词include后需跟动名词作宾语，所以此空填introducing。its【解析】考查代词。由语境及后面的名词mother可知，此空应该填it的形容词性物主代词its。days-10-【解析】考查名词。由few修饰可数名词复数可知，此空填days。everyfewdays是”每隔几天”的意思。the【解析】考查冠词。这里考查的是one...theother...这一固定搭配，意为"一个……另一个……Cloze6(2016•新课标H卷)体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率说明文合理释放压力19010分钟★★★☆☆Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(识别)thoseof61(great)andlessimportance.Then,handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou'llfeelarealsenseof 62(achieve).Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow43(be)oftenacceptable.Mostofusaremorefocused64ourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.So,getanearlystartandtrytobeasproductive65possiblebeforelunch.Thiswillgiveyoutheconfidenceyouneedtogetyouthroughtheafternoonandgohomefeelingaccomplished.Recent66(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks67(regular).Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsidefor68while,exercising,ordongsomethingyouenjoy.Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you'llbelesslikely69(bring)yourworkhome.Itcouldbeanything-gardening,cooking,music,sports—butwhateveritis,70(make)sureit'sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.【语篇解读】本文属于说明，告诉我们当工作压力太大的时候，应该怎么做来合理释放压力。greater-11-【解析1考查形容词的比校级。根据语境及下文的“and蜘siniportBim”可知，此处应用形容词的比校级来修饰importaiic巧故填greateroadiievieiiieiit［解析1考查词性转换.苜先处理最重要的工作以便你能感到一种直实的成就感。介词后接名词^realsenseofachievemeiit意为"一种真实的成就感"口63.15【解析1考查主谓一致和时态口把不太重要的事情留到明天通常是可以接受的口分析句子洁构可知，该句中的主语为动名词短语"LeavingthekssimpartantthingsuntiltamaEraw"；故谓语动词为第三人称单数形式，目全文的基本时态为一般现在时。故填64.on【解析】考查介词。我们中的大多数人在早上的时候会比我们在一天中的晚些时候更加集中于我们的工作。固定短语befocusedon意为"集中于 "。故填on。65.as【解析】考查连词。因此，早点儿开始并且在午饭前要尽可能高效。固定结构-aspossible意为"尽可能……”。66.studies【解析】考查名词复教。最新的断究表明，如果我们有规律地短暂休息的话,我们在工作中会变得高效得多。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词为sho明为复数形式，目由试了作“的究，调查"讲时为可麹名词，故主语应为复数。故填studies^dTiegulariy【解析】考查词性转换，副词修饰谓语动词由，故填工第ularly”有规律地”,【解析】考查冠词。固定短语用ra的1选意为"一会儿"。⑮tobring【解析】考查非谓语动词o固定矩语belikelytndo3血意为"可能做某事"，故填tnbring口70jnakE【解析】考查祈使句口分析句子结构可知,but连接两个并列分句。其中第二个分句中，哂也旭引导让步状语从句，其后为祈使句充当主句.故填-12-模拟精做Cloze1（山东省济南外国语学校2017届高三质量检测）体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率记叙文城市戈马，年轻人办成音乐节20110分钟★★★☆☆MusicfestivalsarepopularacrossAfrica.ButthisseemssomethingfewwouldhaveimaginedpossibleinGoma.Foryears,thecity1(link)towars.Theyoungpeopleweretiredofyearsof2(violent),andayouthgroupsetouttoorganizeamusicfestival3peaceintheDemocraticRepublicofCongo.Theydecidedtoholdtheeventinthe4(east)cityofGoma.Theirfirstattemptin2013wascancelled5Gomacameunderattack.Butlastyear,25,000peoplecametothecitytoheartheirfavoriteartistsplay.Andthisyear,someofAfrica'stopmusiciansdecidedtoattend.Thecrowdcheered6HabibKoitearrivedforhisperformance.Thesmokemachinesfiredup.Somepeoplestoodonebehindanother, 7(form)aline.Thousandsofotherpeopleate,drankanddancedinthedust.VianneyBisimwawasoneofthe8(organizer)ofthefestival.HesaysheandotheryoungpeoplewantedtochangetheimageofGoma.Althoughthecountryisknownforwars,itisalsofamousfor9(it)music.Manylocalartistssingopenlyabouttheconflict.VianneyBisimwasaysthisgivespeople10chancetoexpresstheirfeelings.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了刚果民主共和国一个长期战乱的城市戈马，年轻人为了和平几经努力终于办成音乐节的事。l.hasbeenlinked【解析】考查动词。句意：这个城市已经和战争联系在一起数年了。-13-2.violence【解析】考查名词。介词of后面应用名词形式。3.for【解析】考查介词。for表示"为……”。句意：一个年轻人团体为了和平在刚果民主共和国组织了一次音乐节。4.easternE解析】考查形容词。修饰名词的应用形容词作定语中Sbecause【解析】考查连同。第一；女音乐节被取消是因为Gcma遭受袭击。【解析】考查连词。句意：当哈比博来表演时，人群沸腾了。岫即表示"当一时"，引导时间状语从句。7.ianmng【解析】考查非谓语形式口句意:一些人一个挨一个站着，排成一条线。这里与前一句用逗号隔开，,没有连词，故判断用非谓语形式，根据与主语如people是主动形式，故用动词的而g形式。8.organizers【解析】考查名词的数。句意：VianneyBisimwa是音乐节的其中一个组织者。表示人用organizer,Oneof后加名词复数形式，故填organizers。9.its【解析】考查代词。修饰名词用形容词性物主代词。10.a【解析】考查冠词。句意：这给了人们一次表达感情的机会。chance是可数名词，这里表示一次机会，故前面要加a。Cloze2（广东省佛山市高明区第一中学2017届高三第二次大考）体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率记叙文父亲与期待20618分钟★★★☆☆Noonelovesmemorethanmyparents,especiallymyfather.Myfatherisstoutandstrong,1aseverelookonhisfaceandkeenexpressiveeyes.Atfirstsightyoumayfeelhimhard2(approach).Infactheisverykindandconsiderate.-14-Ibelievemyfatherisa3 (talent)man.Heisdecisiveandefficientindoingthings.Byhisowntalentsandyearsofefforts,he4 (provide)hisfamilywithagoodsocialpositionanda5 (relative)richlife.Besides,helivesinharmonywithothersandneverquarrelswithanyone,sopeoplefromallwalksoflifecometomyhome,from6I'vegainedlotsofsocialexperiences.Butathomeheisastrictparentwhoishardonmeandhashigh7 (expectation)ofme.Icanseethatmyidlingawaytime8 (hurt)himdeeply,whileifIhavedonesomethinggreatandmeaningful,suchas19 (write)abook,hewillbemoreexcitedthanme.Ialwaysremind10 (me)Imustgoonandon,andnevershallIgiveuphalfway.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述父亲是一个结实健壮的人，友好善良，用自己的天赋和努力为家人创造了好的生活，但是父亲对我严格，期待很高。我将不会辜负父亲的厚望，一定努力，决不不半路放弃。l.with【解析】考查介词。函也"有拥有句意：我的父亲是结实健壮的，脸上神色严肃，有着一双锐利而富有友情的眼睛口故填urittu.toappfcfldi【解析】考查不定式。mapproach作状语修饰3d,形容词后不定式作状语,him是不定式的逻辑宾语,用不定式的主动形式表示被动＜■故填tozppmach。.talented【解析】考查形容词。句意:父亲是一个有天赋的人口Rented”有天赋的”修饰曲作定语，作定语用形容词。故填talented。Jiasprovided【解析】考查动词。句意：用自己的天赋和多年的努力，父亲为全家提供了好的社会地位和相对富裕的生活。根据语境可知，”提供”这一动作指过去发生的动作对现在造成的结果，用现在完成时。主语是第三人称单数。故填hasprovidedo.relatively【解析】考查副词。relatively”相对地”修饰rich作状语，作状语用副词。故填relatively。6.whom【解析】考查定语从句。"from6I’vegainedlotsofsocialexperiences"作-15-定语修饰allwalksoflife,作介词宾语，指人，用关系代词whom。故填whom。7.expectations【解析】考查名词。句意：但是在家里，他是一个对我要求严格的严厉的父亲，对我有很高的期望.形容词bigh修饰名词jexpectation"期望"是可数名词。故填expectations口8-hurts【解析】考查动词。句意：我明白找虚度的时间深深饬害了他。讲述现在的事情，目主语是第三大称单救。故填hurts勺S.writing【解析】考查词性转化口suchas"诸如"〉as是介词，介词后跟动名词作宣语。故填wnting。lOjmysdf【解析】考查代词。句意：我总是提塘我自己我必须一直向前，绝不半路放弃。主语和宾语指同一事物，作宾语用翻身代词。故填myself。Cloze3（2017届四川省双流中学高三下学期模拟考试）体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率记叙文李健忠学习制作糖画18710分钟★★★☆☆Aslesspeoplechoosetomakesugarpaintings,thetraditionalChinesefolkcraftmighthavebecomea1(distance)memoryinsomeways.However,a38-year-oldcraftsman,LiJiangzhong,iscommittedto2(keep)theartofsugarpaintingalive.Liworkedasaminerformorethantenyears.After3minecloseddown,Liturned4housingdecoration,untilhe5(force)togivethatupduetoafingerinjury.Earlierthisyear,hediscoveredsugarpainting,somethinghereallyhadaninterestin.Sincetherewasnosugarpaintingcraftsmaninhisvillage,hestudiedby6(he)throughlargequantitiesofvideosandinformationontheInternet.Lilovedpaintingwhenhewasyoung,andhefounditeasytolearntheskillinsugarpainting.Hesoonmasteredtheskillandcouldmakea7(vary)ofsugarpaintings.Asugarpaintingismadewith8(melt)brownorwhitesugar.Craftsman9-16-(normal)paintanimalsandflowersonastoneboardwiththesyrup^l浆).Whenthesugarcoolsdown,10appearsisapieceofsugarart.【文章大意】本文是记叙文，讲述38岁的李健忠回到老家继承中国传统文化，学习制作糖画的故事，文章还说明了糖画的制作。l.distant【解析】考查词性转换。空格处修饰名词memory,形容词修饰名词作定语，故填distant。2.keeping【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一位38岁的手艺人李健忠致力于继承糖画艺术。becommittedto“致力于”是固定搭配，to是介词，接动名词作宾语。故填keeping。3.the【解析】考查冠词。上文提到他做过十多年矿工，故此处表示他所在的矿井关闭以后，为特指，故填the。4.to【解析】考查介词。句意：他转而去做房屋装修的工作了。 turnto”转而做，转向”是固定词组。故填to。5.wasforced【解析】考查动词的时态和语态口句意：直到他因为手指受伤而被迫放奔。此处讲逑过去的事情，故用一般过去时，句子的主语和之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语和是第三人称单数。故填was砧rcedq5Jumself【解析】考查代词口句意：由于他的村子里没有精画手艺人，因此他自学制作精画。by皿self固定用法，表示啦自也，全靠自己地7敌填himse明7variety【解析】考查词性转换。句意：他很快掌握了这项技术并熊制作出各种各样的糖画.awi电❾仔各种各样”是固定矩语，故填variety。8.melted【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：糖画通常用褐色或白色的融化了的糖做。melt作定语，与sugar是被动关系，用过去分词作定语表示被动关系，故填melted。9.normally-17-【解析】考查词性转换。句意：手艺人们通常用糖浆在石板上画动物和花。修饰谓语动词用副词作状语，故填normally。10.what【解析】考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“所……的东西”，what引导主语从句，作主语、宾语或者表语。故填what。Cloze4（2017届山西省太原市高三第三次模拟）体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率说明文着装的注意事项19410分钟★★★☆☆Withthedevelopmentofmodernsocietyandhightechnology,childrenwearmoreandmorebeautifulandfashionableclothes.Morechildren1(allow)tochoosetheirfavoriteclothes,whichis2relativelynewtrend.Manyyearsago,childrenhadtosufferthewhims(突发奇想)ofadultsasfarasclotheswereconcerned.Like3(adult)clothes,children'sclothesfollowedfashionsaswell.About120years4,boysinEuropeandAmericaworewhiteankle-lengthdresses,justliketheirsisters,untilthey5(reach)theageoffive.Olderboysfromwealthy6(family)werethendressedinprettyvelvet(丝绒)suits7lacecollars.Theirhairwasgrowntoshoulderlength8longer.Formanyunluckyboys,thesecarefullyplannedandorganizedcostumeswerenorreservedforspecialoccasions;theyhadtowearthesame9(restrict)anduncomfortableoutfitsforeverydayplay.Cleanandproperclothessaythatthepersonhasbothself-respectandrespectforotherpeople.Clothingcantellquitealotabouttheperson,sometimesmorethanwewouldliketoreveal.Soweshouldpaymoreattentionto10(wear)properclothesindifferentoccasions.【文章大意】文章讲述了在西方，孩子们服装的发展，同时说明了着装的注意事项。.areallowed-18-【解析】考查时态和语态，文童讲述的是现在的情况,所以用一般现在时；句子的主语Morechildren与allow构成被动关系，所以此处用一般现在时的被动语态.故填areallowed■口a【解析】考查冠词.此处指“一种比较新的趋势'iel疝射过是辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。.adults【解析】考查名词。句意：如同成年人的衣服，孩子们的服装也紧跟时尚。此处用名词作定语。故填端址。.agp【解析】考查副词.田39口号旨“多长时间之前'故填晤展.reached【解析】考查时态。根据时间状语“About120yearsago”可知，谓语用一般过去时态。故填reachedo.families【解析】考查名词。此处指“来自富有家庭的大一点的男孩子”，根据事实逻辑，应该用复数。故填familieso.with【解析】考查介词。句意：来自富有家庭的大一点的男孩子则穿着带有蕾丝衣领的漂亮的天鹄绒套装。with在此表示“附芾看,有:与后面的名词构成后盖定语口故填而也口fi.or【解析】考查连词口此处指“他们的头发到达肩部或者更长一些％故填^?le&trictive【解析】考查形容词口与uncomfiirtablE相并列,此处用形容词来修饰名词outfits口故填底如血11职。lO.WEsring【解析】考查非谓语口短语pay皿entionto—中，tn是介词，后面跟名词或动名词口故填wearing口Cloze5（2017届山西省孝义市高三下学期高考考前质量检测三（5月模拟））体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率议论文快乐的意义20810分钟★★★★☆Someoneasksmewhatonearthhappinessmeans?Ican'tgiveyoutheexactdefinitionofit,butI'msureifyouloveandhelpothers,you'llgetit.-19-I'llneverforgetanoldlady1livesinasmallhousealone.It'ssaidthatherhusbandandherson2(die)inatrafficaccident.Howbitterherlifeis!Buttheoldladyoftenhelpsothers3asmile.Wheneveritsnows,sheisalwaysthefirst4(clean)thepaths.Shelooksafterseveralchildrenlivingnearby.Iamoneofthem.Ioftenrememberthestoriesshetoldusandherkindsmile.Perhapssheisunlucky,5Ithinksheisahappyperson.Herlifeisfulloflaughterandlove.ButI'msadtoseesomepeoplegettingtheirhappinessinbadways.Theyspeakloudlyincinemasandmeetingrooms;theydestroytreestoenjoy6(they)andtheylaughatothers'7(shortcoming).Perhapstheyfeelhappyatthattime,buttheywillnevergethappiness8(true)becausetheyhavelosttheirpersonalities.NowIknow9happinessis.Itmeanskindness,loveandunselfishness.Aboveall,only10(bring)happinesstootherscanmakeyougetit.【文章大意】本文为议论文。讲述的是快乐的意义就是如果你乐于助人，你就会得到真正的快乐。1.who/that【解析】考查定语从句。定语从句缺少主语，应用关系代词who或that引导定语从句修饰先行词anoldlady。2.died【解析】考查时态语态。句意：据说，她的丈夫和儿子在一起交通事故中死亡。根据句意可知die与主语之间为主动关系，且为一般过去时，故用died。3.with【解析】考查介词。句意：但是这位老太太经常面带微笑帮助别人。介词with表示“带着”。4.toclean-20-【解析】考查非谓语动词，加叶序数词十不定式小固定结构，表示"第一一个做一…一一的、故用加5口5.bat【解析】考查连同口句意:或许她很不幸，但是我认为她是一个快乐的人.根据句意可知此处应用转折连词butourgii【解析】考查代词。句意;为了玩得开心,他们破坏树木,他们嘲笑别人的缺点#艮据句意可知应用th皿构成固定姮语eqicyoneself,表示五玩得开心，7.shortcoinings【解析】考查名词口statcomiiig为可数名词,根据句意可知此处应用复地形式diortcamh唱s。S.truly【解析】考查副词口句意:或许他们当时感到高兴，但是他们永远不会真正地得到快乐,因为他们已经失去了他们的人格。根据句意可知此处应该用副词truly修饰fiethappinesso9.what【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：现在我知道快乐意味着什么了。根据句意可知此处应该用what引导宾语从句。10.bringing【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：最重要的是，仅仅带给别人快乐就会使你得到快乐。根据句意可知应用bringing在句中作主语。Cloze6（2017届安徽省淮北市第一中学高三最后一卷）体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率议论文在人生中要学会与人分享21410分钟★★★★☆Apoorfarmerhadafriendwhowasfamous1thewonderappleshegrew.Oneday,hismendgavethefarmerayoungappletreeandtoldhimtotakeithomeandplantit.Thefarmerwas2(please)withthegift,butwhenhegothomehedidnothowwhere3(plant)it.Hewasafraidthatifheplantedthetreenearmeroad,strangerswouldstealthefruit.Ifheplantedthetreeinhisfield,his4(neighbor)wouldcomeatnightandstealsomeoftheapples.Finallyheplantedthetreeinhiswood,5noonecouldseeit.6therewasnosunlightorgoodsoil,-21-thetreesoondied.Latermemendaskedthefarmerwhyhehadplantedthetreeinsuchapoorplace."What'sthe7(differ)?”thefarmersaid8(anger)."TfIhadplantedthetreeneartheroad,strangerswouldhavestolenthefruit.IfIhadplantedthetreeinmyfield,myneighborswouldhavecomeatnightandstolensomeoftheapples.""Yes,"saidthefriend,"butatleastsomeonecouldhaveenjoyedthefruit.Nowyounotonly 9(rob)everyoneofthefruit,butalsoyouhavedestroyed10goodappletree!"【文章大意】本文通过苹果树的故事告诉我们在人生中要学会与人分享。只有与人分享，我们才能得到真正的幸福和快乐。l.for【解析】考查介词。此处运用了befamousfor这个短语，表示“这个朋友因为种了神奇的苹果树而远近闻名”。故填for。2.pleased【解析1考查形容词口现pl昭sedMb…是固定搭配，指“对 感到满意“故填pleasetL3toplant【解析二考查非谓语口tn◎时后面跟动词不定式？此处考查了a疑问词+不定式择构口故填tophnK4-jiei^ihciur^［解析］考查名词口根据后面的“myaeigliborswo-uldhavecomeatniglitandstoleasamcoftheapples一词知，此处指他的邻居们。用可数名词的复麴形式,故填aei典xmn。S.where：【解析二考查连词口本句运用了定语从句，先行词是hi与wood,引导词在从句中作地点状语，表示.在他的林子里乙故填wliereo^Because【解析：!考查连词△句意：因为没有阳光和好的泥土，树不久就死了，前一句是后一句的原因，故填Ewe.7.difference【解析】考查名词。句意：那有什么不一样？在定冠词the后面跟名词。故填difference。8.angrily【解析】考查副词。副词修饰谓语动词said。句意：农夫生气地说……。故填angrily。9.haverobbed-22-【解析】考查时态。butalso并列句中用了现在完成时，所以此句中也用现在完成时。故填haverobbedo10.the【解析】考查冠词。此处是特指朋友给这位农民的苹果树。故填the。经典精做Cloze1体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率说明文可以发出地震警报的应用程序22810分钟★★★☆☆Anewphoneappusesvibrationsfromsmartphonestoalertpeopleaboutearthquakes.1phoneapprecognizessuddenshakingoftheearth'ssurfacethroughsensorsinsmartphones.ThenewappiscalledMyShake.Itistheworkoffour2(research)attheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.Theysaidtheycreatedaworldwidewarningsystem3wouldinformpeopleandgivethemtimetoprepare.OtherearthquakeappsincludeQuakeFeed,QuakesandEarthquake.Theyshow4earthquakeshavehappened,atwhatstrength,andtheaftershocks.ThoseusedatafromtheU.S.GeologicalSurvey.Smartphones5(equip)withaccelerometers(加速计).Theseinstrumentsmeasuremovement,likethatofacarorairplane.6(probable),theycanalsomeasuretheshakingofamachine,abuildingorotherstructures.Accelerometersareusedinactivitytrackersandappsthatcountstepsorotherexercise.Theyalsoareusedinglobalpositioningsystemapps,also7(call)GPS.MyShakeusesphoneaccelerometerstomeasureseismic地震的)activity.Ithasbeendesigned8(know)thedifferencebetweennormalactivityandearthquakemovement.Thesoftwaredeveloperssaytheirappisright93percentofthetime.Asmartphonesendsseismic9(inform)totheappdevelopers.Ifthedevelopers-23-receiveseveralwarningsfromonearea,itrecognizesthatanearthquakemaybetakingplace10willtakeplacesoon.【文章大意】本篇为说明文，介绍了智能手机上一款可以发出地震警报的应用程序 MyShake。1.The【解析】考查定冠词的用法。由首句信息可知此处为第二次提到这个手机程序，表示特指，所以用定冠词The。2.researchers【解析】考查词形转换以及名词复数形式。由关键词four可知需要用名词，而且需要用复数形式，故填researchers。3.that/whichE解析】考查定语从句口此处用that/哂Jch指代理stem1并在从句中作主语口E解析】考查名词性从句。句意:它们能显示地震发生的地点、强度和余震中所短词引导宣语从句，并在从句中作地点状语，故用whe比。5.areequippedE解析】蓍查动词的被动语态口主语SmartplioflEs为复射，与动词㈣呷之间为逻辑上的被动关系，目为一般情况，故用areequipped.62Probably【解析】考查词形转换。此处需要副词修饰整个句子，故用nogbi%calledE解析】考查过去分词作定语。globalpositioningsystem御is与call之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故此处用过去分词作非限制性定语。toknow【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。句意：设计的目的是为了了解正常活动与地震运动的区别。information考查词形转换。此处需要用该词的名词形式，故用information。10.or【解析】查连词的用法。上下文之间为逻辑上的选择关系，故用or。Cloze2-24-体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率说明文健康的饮食对22710分钟★★★☆☆BodyandFoodOurbody,whichhascloserelationswiththefoodthatweeat1ourdailylife,isthemostimportantthingthatweown,soourbody2(need)propertreatmentandpropernourishment(营养).Theoldsaying"Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway"isnotassillyassomepeoplethink.Thebodyneedsfruit3vegetables,suchasapples,pears,banana,carrotsandcabbages,becausetheycontainvitaminC,4isverynecessaryandimportanttousall.It'sclearthatalackofvitaminCcanmakepeopleillandweakeasily.Inordertogetenoughneededvitamins,manypeopletakeextravitaminsinpillform,5(believe)thatthesewillmakethem6(health).Butagooddietismadeupofnourishingfoodandthisgivesallthevitaminsthatweneed.Thebodydoesn'tneedoruseextravitamins,sowhywastemoneyonthem?Nowadaysmanypeoplearetoobusytobotherabouteatingproperly.Theythrowanythingintotheir7 (stomach),eatingsomethingcarelesslyand8 (hurried).Thelistofillnesses 9(cause)ormadeworsebybadeatinghabitsisfrightening.Itishightimeweshouldrealizetheimportanceofhavingagooddiet.Ifnot,itisimpossiblefor10(we)tokeepfitandstrong.【语篇解读】健康的饮食对我们的健康有很大的好处，所以我们一定要注意自己的饮食习惯。1.in【解析】考查介词。inourdailylife在我们的日常生活中。.needs-25-【解析】考查谓语动词.本处谈常态的事情，应用一般现在时；结合主语皿比曲应用里数第三人称形式。.and【解析】考查并列连词口我们的身体需要水