初中英语语法之一般现在时

一般现在时TheSimplePresentTense1getupgotobedgotosleep2havebreakfasthavelunchhavedinnerhavesupper3gotoschoolgohome4startworkstartlessonsfinishschool5playfootballwashhands6dohomeworkwatchTV71.我在早上七点半起床.2.我们在3：30回家。3.他们在学校吃午饭。4.我十二岁。

Igetupathalfpastseven.Wegohomeathalfpastthree.Theyhavelunchatschool.

I’mtwelve.8一般现在时

一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作，也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力，及普遍真理和自然规律。概念91.一般现在时表示现在的状态1〕I’mtwelve.(我十二岁〕2)Ihavethreebaseballs.〔我有三个棒球〕2〕I’mintheclassroom〔我在教室里〕3〕Jackisfromchina.〔杰克来自中国〕4〕Whereismybag?〔我的包在哪儿〕5〕Iamastudent.(我是一名学生〕用法102.一般现在时表示经常性和习惯性的动作。1〕Sheusuallygetsupatsixo’clock.(她通常在六点钟起床〕2〕HereadsEnglisheverymorning.他每天早晨读英语。11通常和时间标志词连用：often经常，usually通常，always总是，sometimes有时，never从不，everyday每天，onweekends在周末等3〕Lucynevertakesashower.(露西从不洗澡〕4〕Wesometimesplaybasketballafterschool.(我们有时在放学后打篮球〕5〕Ialwaysdomyhomeworkonweekends(我总是在周末做作业〕123.一般现在时表示主语具备的性格和能力。1〕ShelikesEnglish.(她喜欢英语〕2〕Ilikeplayingbasketballball,butdon'tlikeplayingbaseball.(我喜欢打篮球，但是我不喜欢打棒球〕3〕HecanspeakChinese.(他能够说英语〕4〕Shesingswell.(她唱歌很好听。〕134.普遍真理和自然规律：1〕Twoandfourissix.二加四等于六。2〕Themoongoesaroundtheearth.月亮绕着地球转。14

主要通过谓语动词的变化和用时间词语来表示，其中最主要的是谓语动词的变化。一般现在时动词变化的规那么是：当主语为非第三人称单数，谓语动词用原型。当主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。e.g.1.Weoftengetupearlyinthemorning.2.Myfatheroftengetsupearlyinthemorning.

一般现在时表达方法15用一句话概括：“非你、非我、非复数〞如he,she,it,myfather,mymother,mysister,ourEnglishteacher,Tom,Mike,LiuJia,China,mybook,etc.第三人称单数161、一般动词，在词尾加s;如：

work--

live--play--sing--eg:She______(live)inNingbo.

她住在宁波。动词第三人称单数变化的规那么与可数名词复数变化的规那么相同。动词三单变化规律lives

workslives

playssings172.以,-s,-x,-sh,-ch结尾的加-es。读作

/iz/如：

eg:Mymother_______(wash)thecoat.

我母亲洗了大衣。washesteach----wash----miss----pass----

mix----

fix----

push----wish----

teacheswashesmissespassesmixesfixespusheswishes183.以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i，再加-es。注意一定是辅音字母加y才变，假设是元音字母加y，那么直接加-s。如：fly→try→fry→copy→buy→enjoy→play→say→pay→fliestries

friescopiesbuysenjoys

playssays

pays194.以辅音字母+o结尾的词，一般情况是在词尾加es,读作[z]godogoesdoes5.特殊情况：havebe(am,are)hasis201.be动词的一般现在时的句式：肯定句：主语+be+表语(n.,adj.等)e.g.He_____aworker.You____thirteen.They____intheclassroom.否认句：主语+be+not+表语.e.g.He_____(notbe)aworker.You______(notbe)thirteen.They______(notbe)intheclassroom.句式结构isarearearen’taren’tisn't21

一般疑问句：Be+主语+表语?

e.g.___heaworker?Yes,he___./No,he___.____youthirteen?____theyintheclassroom?Yes,they___.No,they______.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语?

e.g.What___he?Whatcolour___thatbird?Howold___you?Where___they?IsAreArearearen’tisisn’tisisareare22小结：be动词的一般现在时的句式：肯定句：主语+be+表语(n.,adj.等)

否认句：主语+be+not+表语.

一般疑问句：Be+主语+表语?

特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语?

232.实义动词的一般现在时句式：肯定句:主语(非三单)+v.原形+其他.1)I______(stay)athomeonSaturdays.2)They_____(have)sportseveryday.3)Myparents____(give)metenyuaneveryweek.主语〔三单〕+v.-s/v.-es+其他.He_______(stay)athomeonSaturdays.Lucy____(have)sportseveryday.stayhavegivestayshas24否认句：主语(非三单)+don't+v.原形+其他4)I_________(notstay)athomeonSaturdays.5)They_________(not)havesportseveryday.6)Myparents________(not)givetenyuantomeeveryweek.主语(三单)+doesn't+v.原形+其他He__________(notstay)athomeonSaturdays.Lucy___________(nothave)sportseveryday.

donotdoes+notdon’tstaydon’thavedon'tgivedoesn’tstaydoesn’thave25一般疑问句：Do+主语(非三单)+v.原形+其他？肯定答复：Yes,主语+do.否认答复：No,主语+don't.1)___you____(stay)athomeonSaturdays?2)___they____(have)sportseveryday?Does+主语(三单)+v.原形+其他？_____he_____(stay)athomeonSaturdays?_____Lucy______(have)sportseveryday?DostayDohaveDoesDoesstayhave26特殊疑问句：疑问词+do/does+主语+v.原形+其他？e.g.What___you______(want)?

What_____she_____(want)?Whattime___you_____(have)lunch?

Whattime____she____(have)lunch?What____you___(do)?

What______she____(do)?How____you____(spell)it?

How_____he_____(spell)it?dodododowanthavehavewantdodospelldoesdoesdoesdoesspell27小结：(1).如果主语是I/We/You/They及名词复数，谓语动词不用做任何变化，即仍然用动词原形表示：肯定句：主语+动词原形+其他否认句：主语+don't+动词原形+其他一般疑问句：Do+主语+动词原形+其他？肯定答复:Yes，主语+do.否认答复:No，主语+don't.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?28(2).主语是第三人称单数，肯定句:主语+动词的第三人称单数+其他否认句:主语+doesn't+动词原形+其他一般疑问句:Does+主语+动词原形+其他肯定答复:Yes，主语+does否认答复:No，主语+doesn't特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?29go____catch___brush___wash___do____like_____have____watch___drink___fly____say____learn_____eat____read____sing____buy_____study___stay____make____look___pass___carry____come___plant(种植)___teach_______buy__________练习稳固302.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Weoften_______(play)intheplayground.2.He_______(get)upatsixo’clock.3.____you______(brush)yourteetheverymorning.4.What______(do)heusually____(do)afterschool?5.Danny_______(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtatschool.316.Mikesometimes_______(go)totheparkwithhissister.7.Ateightatnight,sheoften_______(watch)TVwithhisparents.8._____Mike_____(read)Englisheveryday?9.Howmanylessons_____yourclassmate______(have)onMonday?10.Whattime______hismother_______(do)thehousework?

321.I____toschoolat7:00inthemorning.A.goB.goingC.goes2.They__bookseverydayinthelibrary.A.readsB.readC.reading3.Themonkey__eatingbananasverymuch.A.likeB.likesC.liking334.Myfather____toreadnewspaperaftersuppereveryday.A.likeB.likesC.liking5.IlikewatchingTV,butmymother__likeit.A.don’tB.doesn’tC.does6.____yourfatherdrinkmilkeveryday?A.DoB.AreC.Does347.Wewillgoshoppingifit____tomorrow.A.don'trainB.didn'trainC.doesn'trainD.isn'train8.Hesaidthesun____intheeastand____inthewest.Arose;setBrises;setsCrises,setDrise;sets359.WangMei___musicandoften__tomusic.Alike;listen