大学英语四级模拟考试

大学英语四级考试（CET4）

(恩波英语研究所命题)

MODELTEST

一BandFour一

(4LSH2)

试题册

(125分钟)

恩波英语模考试卷-PartIWriting(30minutes)

注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上，请在答题卡1上作答。

PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthe

questionsonAnswerSheetl.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoices

markedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiven

inthepassage.

ConsumerRecyclingandWasteReductionTips

Thefollowinginformationprovidessimpletipsonhowtorecycleandreducewasteasaconsumer.

GroceryStores

Manysupermarketssponsorredemptioncenters(回收中心)thatwillbuybackCalifornia

RedemptionValue(CRV)containersforrecyclingandmayacceptothermaterialslikesteelcans,

glassjarsandnewspapers.Somestoreshavereversevendingmachines,whichgiveyoumoney

backasCRVcontainersarefedintothem.

ManygrocerystoresintheSanDiegoareaalsohaveaplacetorecycleusedplasticgrocerybags

andfilmcontainers(plasticcanistersthatpackagethefilm):

Albertsons(alsotakenewspaperwrappers,drycleaningbags,oranytypeofLDPEplasticbag)

,Ralphs

•Vbns

,WalMart

•WholeFoodsMarket

Asforthequestion“Paperorplastic?”whynotbringyourownreusableclothshoppingbags

instead.Theclothbagsholdalotmore,sotherearefewertripsbackandforthfromthecarandthe

clothcarryinghandlesaremorecomfortableonyourhandsthanpaperorplastichandles.Some

storesevengiveasmalldiscountwhenyoubringreusableclothbagsorreuseoldshoppingbags

tocarryoutyournewpurchases.

Tip:Ifyoubringyourowncanvas,plastic,orpaperbags,besuretoaskthestoretocredityourbill.

Manystorestake5centsoffeachbagprovidedbythecustomer,evenifthestoredoesnotrecycle

plasticbags.

Andifyoubuyjustoneortwoitems,trygoingwithoutabagaltogether.Thestorepaysforits

bags,whichmeanssodoyou,andintheend,sodoestheenvironment.DryCleaners

Manydrycleanerstakebacktheirplasticclothesbags.Whenyougethomeandhangupyour

clothes,keeptheplasticcoversandrecyclethemonyournexttriptothedrycleaners—ratherthan

throwthemaway.Somestoreswillalsoreusecleanhangers.ReusingbyDonating

Therearemanyitemsthateventhemostactiverecyclermaythrowawaybecausetheyare

uncommonrecyclables.Someoftheseitemsincludemattresses,furniture,clothing,appliances,

electronicsorartmaterials.Theycanoftenbedonatedtolocalthriftstoresandnonprofitgroupsto

berepairedandreused.Visit,SanDiegosresourceforthriftstores,second

hand,rummagesales,recycling,retro,andmore.Plusacalendarofevents.SourceReduction-

MakeItRecyclableandReusable

Whileshopping,youcanhelptheenvironmentbyselectingproductsthatuselesspackagingand

arereusableorreadilyrecyclableinyourcommunity.Whenbuyingaproduct,stopandthink,

“Canthisitemberecycledorreused?^^Ifnot,isthereanalternativebrandorproductthatyoucan

buy?Bymakingthesechoices,youareusingyourpurchasingpowertorewardmanufacturersthat

makerecyclableandreusableproducts,notproductsthatareonlydisposable.TryTheseR

eusableAIternatives:

•Useaspongeinsteadofthrowawaywipes

,Buyrechargeablebatteries

,Buyclothnapkinsthatyoucanwashinsteadofpaperyouthrowaway

,Buywashableplatesandcupsforpicnicsinsteadofdisposables

,Buyrazorswithreplaceableblades

•Seekoutreusableorrefillablecontainersthatholdshampoo,soap,etc.

•Useplasticcontainerswithlidsinsteadofaluminumfoil,plasticbagsorplasticwrap

•RinseplasticbagsandreusethemBuyProductsMadeofRecycledMaterials

AphonedirectoryfeaturinglocalrecycledproductsisavailablebycallingEnvironmentalServices

at(858)6947000.Norecyclingprogramistrulysuccessfulunlessrecyclablescollectedare

transformedintomarketableproductsandthenpurchasedbyyou!Tocreateademandforrecycled

products,makesuretopurchaseproductsthatcontainrecycledmaterials.Askstoremanagersto

stockproductsmadewithrecycledmaterialsandwritetothemanufacturersoftheproductsyou

buyandtellthemyoupreferthattheyuserecycledmaterials.

Whenshopping,buythoseitemsthatsay,“madefromrecycledmaterials,,andhavethehighest

percentageofpostconsumerrecycledcontent.(Postconsumercontentmeansanymaterial

thatthepublichasalreadyusedorrecycled.)Californialawrequiresthatanyconsumergoods

labeled“Recycled“mustcontainatleast10%postconsumercontent.Andbeware,claims

suchasuenvironmentallyfriendly,,,“ecosafe”,usafefbrtheenvironmentorunaturalv

donotnecessarilymeanthattheproductcanberecycledorcontainsrecycledmaterial!

Thankstotodaystechnologyandmanufacturing,theseproductsareashighaqualityas(ifnot

higherthan)productsthatdontcontainrecycledmaterials,andtheylookjustasnice.Lookfor

theseitemsforyourhomeorbusinessinyourcommunity:

•Clothingandshoes

•Childrenstoysandplaygroundequipment

•Gardentools

•Carpetpads

,Plasticlumberforplanters,decksandbenches

,Motoroil

•Floorsandcountertops

•Raingutters

,Packagingmaterials

•Paperproductsliketissueandtowels

•Cleaningsupplies

•Writingorcomputerpaperandenvelopes

YourchoicesandeffortscanmakeasignificantdifferenceinthesuccessofSanDiegoandour

nationsrecyclingprograms!AvoidExcessPackagingandBuyinBulk(社匕量购买)

Whileitstruethatsomepackagingisnecessaryforhealthandshelflifeconsiderations,all

toomanymanufacturersoverpackagetheirproducts.Thisexcesspackagingcostsconsumers

moremoney,costsourenvironmentmoreresourcesandenergy,andcostsourlandfillsvaluable

space.Sotakealittleextracarebeforeyoubuy.Lookforanalternativeproductwithoutpackaging

ortheleastamountofpackagingandsendamessagethatyoudontlikewaste.Also,avoid

singleservingitemsthatareoverlywrapped.

Whenitmakessense,buyinbulk,butonlypurchasetheamountyouwillusewithinareasonable

time.Youwillavoidoverpackagingandsavemoney,sincelargerquantitiesaregenerally

discounted.Trythesealternativesnexttimeyoushop:

•Largeboxofcerealvs.individuallywrappedsnackpackofminiboxesofcereal

,Puddinginaboxvs.puddinginplasticcupswhicharethenheldtogetherbyacardboardcarton

Freshvegetablesyoubuybythepoundvs.shrinkwrappedvegetablesinStyrofoamcontainers

•1gallonwaterjugsvs.6packofindividual12ounceplasticbottles

•Condensedcanofsoupvs.microwavablesingleportionsoups

注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上作答；8〜10题在答题卡1上。

1.Thispassageisaimedatgivingtipson.

A)howtosavemoneyinshoppingandrecycling

B)howtorecycleandreducewaste

C)howtobuythingsingrocerystores

D)howtobuythingsmadeofrecycledmaterials

2.Accordingtothepassage,manysupermarkets.

A)willbuybackallthecontainers

B)willbuyreusableclothshoppingbagsforcustomers

C)willbuybackCRVcontainers

D)willnotsellCRVcontainers

3.Accordingtothepassage,manydrycleaners.

A)takebacktheirplasticclothesbags

B)takebacktheirclotheshangers

C)paythecustomerswhentheysendbacktheirplasticclothesbags

D)paythecustomerswhentheysendbacktheirclotheshangers

4.Uncommonrecyclablessuchasmattresses,furniture,clothing,appliances,electronicsorart

materialscanoftenbe.

A)recycledbysupermarkets

B)donatedtolocalthriftstoresandnonprofitgroupstoberepairedandreused

C)soldtolocalthriftstoresandnonprofitgroupstoberepairedandreused

D)repairedandreusedbypeoplethemselves

5.Customerscanhelptheenvironmentbyselectingproductsthat.

A)donothaveanypackaging

B)cannotberecycledorreused

C)aremadebyfamousmanufacturersandwidelyavailableonthemarket

D)uselesspackagingandarereusableoreasilyrecyclableintheircommunity

6.Peopleareadvisedtobuythoseproductsmadefromrecycledmaterialsbecause.

A)itcanhelprecyclingprogramssucceed

B)productsmadefromrecycledmaterialsdonotpollutetheenvironment

C)productsmadefromrecycledmaterialsarebetterinquality

D)productsmadefromrecycledmaterialsarecheaper

7.Bywriting“buyinbulk”,thewritermeans.

A)peopleshouldbuyasmuchaspossibleeachtime

B)itisagoodideabecauselargerquantitiesaregenerallydiscounted

C)peopleshouldbuythingsinlargecontainersorpackages

D)peopleshouldbuythingsthatarenotpackagedatall

8.Somestoreshavereversevendingmachines,which.

9.IfyoucallEnvironmentalServicesat(858)6947000,youcangetinformationabout.

10.ManygrocerystoresintheSanDiegoarea,suchasAlbertsons,Ralphs,Vbns,WalMartand

WholeFoodsMarket,alsohaveaplacetorecycle.

PartIIlListeningComprehension(35minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Atthe

endofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththe

conversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.

Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichis

thebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethrough

thecenter.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卜2上作答。

11.A)Someotherstudenthasborrowedthebook.

B)Somebodyhasreservedthebookbeforeinadvance.

C)Thestudentsareonlyallowedtoreadthebookinthelibrary.

D)Thebookhasgotlostrecently.

12.A)Hegetsalongwellwithhisnewroommate.

B)Hisroommateisapleasantpersontolivewith.

C)Hedoesntlikehisnewroommate.

D)Hehateshisnewroommate.

13.A)HisChineselessons.B)Thelibrary.

C)Themuseum.D)Histutorsoffice.

14.A)$50.B)$150.C)$40.D)$120.

15.A)Heworkedhardatschool.

B)Heregrettedofnotworkinghardatschool.

C)Theschoolhewentwasacomfortableone.

D)Hedoesntliketheschoolhewent,becauseitwasveryuncomfortable.

16.A)Tohisbossshome.B)ToNewYork.

C)Totheairport.D)Toafriendshouse.

17.A)11：30.B)10:30,C)12：30.D)10：00.

18.A)Sheenjoyslearninghowtodrive.

B)Shehasneverattendedthedrivinglessons.

C)Sheisperhapsbadatdriving.

D)Shemustbegoodatdriving.

Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

19.A)ThereasonwhydoesSusanwanttoquitherjob.

B)Susanstalkaboutherrequirementswithherbossyesterday.

C)ThecomplaintsaboutSusansbossaroundtheoffice.

D)Susansbosshaslotsofcomplaintsaboutherjob.

20.A)Hewashappytohearthat,andhedeterminedtomakesomeimprovements.

B)HetoldSusanhemightneedsometimetothinkitover.

C)Hebecamesoangrythathedeterminedtofireher.

D)Hedisappointedherbyrejectingallherrequirements.

21.A)Susanmightbefiredwhenshegoestoworknextweek.

B)Susansbosswontfireherbecausehestillneedsherhelp.

C)Susanneedsthisjob,soshewillspeakgoodwordstoherbosslater.

D)Susanwillquitherjobwhenshegoestowork.

22.A)Letswaittoseewhatmighthappen.

B)Hopesomethingbadhappentohim.

C)Wishyougoodluck.

D)Letsputsomethingintoaction.

Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

23.A)Lookingforaparttimejobinalibrary.

B)Inquiringhowtodotheresearchproject.

C)Askingsomeinformationofthenewcourse.

D)Askingforadviceabouthowtostartapaper.

24.A)Topicsshouldbebuiltaroundacertainproblem.

B)Topicsshouldbebuiltonthebasisofimagination.

C)Topicsshouldbebuiltonthebasisofthepriorresearch.

D)Topicsshouldbebuiltaroundthepopularideasintheacademiccircle.

25.A)Notecardsshouldbearrangedaccordingtotheoutline.

B)Findthecentralideaofeachparagraphinthenotebook.

C)Expandtheideawithexamples,comparisonsandcontrasts.

D)Handoutyournotestootherstoseekgoodadvices.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreeshortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwill

hearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhear

aquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).

ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.

PassageOne

Questions26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

26.A)ThepassagetellsushowArchimedeshelpedtheKingtopulltheshipintowater.

B)ThepassagetellsushowArchimedeshelpedtheKingtofindoutwhetherthecrownwaspure

goldornot.

C)ThepassagetellsustwoofArchimedeslifetimestories.

D)ThepassagetellsusthelifetimeofArchimedesandhismathematicaldiscoveries.

27.A)Ahugecrane.B)Alonglever.

C)Asetofpulleysandropes.D)Acrowdofstrongyoungmen.

28.A)HeaskedArchimedestofindoutwhatmaterialthecrownwasmadeof.

B)HeaskedArchimedestofindoutwhetherthecrownwaspuregold.

C)HeaskedArchimedestobendthenewlymadecrown.

D)HeaskedArchimedestofindoutwhetherthegoldsmithhadtriedhisbesttomakethecrown.

29.A)Archimedesachievementswerepracticalindailylife.

B)Archimedespreferredtotakebaths.

C)ArchimedeswasemployedtodoresearchfortheKingonly.

D)Archimedeswasascientistwhodevotedhimselftoinventingwarmachines.

PassageTwo

Questions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

30.A)Friendship.B)Liberty.C)Democracy.D)Peace.

31.A)Becausetheyhadtopaytaxontheisland.

B)Becausemanycoupleswereseparatedonthisisland.

C)Becausepeoplewhoweresickwerealwayssenttothisisland.

D)Becausetheyhadtobeexaminedbythedoctorsandofficialsthere.

32.A)Theimmigrantswerenotallowedtopasstheexaminationontheislandiftheycouldnot

speakEnglish.

B)Theimmigrantswererefusedadmissioniftheyhappenedtohaveacough.

C)TheimmigrantshatedthedoctorsandofficialsontheEllisIsland.

D)TheimmigrantsdonthavetoenduretheinsultofEllisIslandtoday.

PassageThree

Questions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

33.A)Becauseshewasterriblyill.

B)Becauseshewasinbadmood.

C)Becauseshewantedherhusbandtoseehowheavetheeverydayhouseworkis.

D)Shewassoabsorbedinreadinghernovelthatsheforgottocleanthehouse.

34.A)One.B)Two.C)Three.D)Four.

35.A)Angry.B)Upset.C)Sad.D)Puzzled.

33.A)MostofhisworksarewellknownintheUS.

B)MostofhisworksarewellknowninEngland.

C)HisworksarereceivedbothinEnglandandintheUnitedStates.

D)Hisworksarereceivedallovertheworld.

34.A)Scott.B)Poe.

C)Thackery.D)Shakespeare.

35.A)HewasgrantedanhonorarydegreefromOxford.

B)HereceivedthemedaloftheRoyalofLiterature.

C)Hisachievementswerewhollyowingtohiswritings.

D)HewasmadeambassadortoSpain.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthe

firsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecond

time,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhave

justheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.

Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemain

pointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheck

whatyouhavewritten.

注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上，请在答题卡2上作答。PartWReading

Comprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions：Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectoneword

foreachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthe

passagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbya

letter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasingleline

throughthecenter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Whatdoesayoungchildsabilitynottoeatamarshmallowhavetodowithsuccessin

life?Quitealot,asitturnsout.The4yearoldchildwhoisabletoholdoutinordertoreceive

asecondtreatis47moreselfcontrolthatwillservehimorherwellasanadult.

Thisabilitytocontrolones48isjustonepartofwhatiscalledEmotionalIntelligence.The

childrenwho49itwillgrowuptobebetter50andmoresuccessful.Thosekidswhodont

haveitarelesslikelytosucceedwhenitcomestomeeting51anddealingwithlife

frustrations.

Inthepast,ourconceptofintelligencewas52limitedtothekindsofskillsthatenableonetodo

wellinschool.ButEmotionalIntelligence53whatitmeanstobesmartbyfocusingonhow

themind54feelingsratherthanideas.

TherearemanywaysinwhichanunderstandingofEmotionalIntelligencecanbeveryhandy.It

canhelpparentsraisetheirchildren,helpsolvemanysocialproblemsandhelpcorporations55

employees.Theseideasarenotverycontroversial,butsomeotherprocessesofEmotional

Intelligence.Forexample,somescholarsareoffendedattheideathatsucha56andabstract

ideawouldbereducedtoasimplenumericalmeasureintheformofan"EQ".

注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。

A)impulses

B)popularizing

C)demonstrating

D)display

E)mainlyF)adjusted

G)challenges

H)proceeds

I)redefines

J)complexK)manage

L)partly

M)aspects

N)processes

O)respectively

SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsor

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).You

shoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2witha

singlelinethroughthecenter.PassageOne

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Socialconditionsshapepeoplesideologies(orideas,concepts),butideologiesinturncanalso

influencethecourseofevents:theycanbecome“detached”,asitwere,fromthesocialconditions

inwhichtheyoriginallyaroseandcanthenhaveanindependenteffectonsocialaction.For

example,thebanonartificialbirthcontrolbytheCatholicChurchandotherChristiangroups

stemedultimatelyfromthestrictmorality(道德)oftheancientIsraelites(古以色列人).The

Israeliteswereasmalltribe,subjecttoahighinfantdeathrateandsurroundedbyenemies,so

theyplacedgreatvalueonlargefamilies.ThisvaluewastransmittedtoChristianity,and

disapprovalofartificialbirthcontroleventuallybecamepartoftheofficialthinkingofseveral

churches,eventhoughtheoriginsofthevaluehadbeenforgotten.Thebeliefthatbirthcontrolis

somehowimmoralisnotappropriate,however,indevelopingnationswhereresourcesarelimited

andpopulationisfastgrowing.Failuretointroduceeffectivebirthcontrolmethodswill

inevitablyleadtomajorsocialchangesinthesecountries,includingchangescausedbymass

povertyandevenmassstarvation.

Ideas,oftenexpressedinslogans,havebeenanimportantingredientinmanysocialchanges.The

cryforuliberty,equality,fraternity(博爱)"intheFrenchRevolutioninfluencedpoliticalevent

inthatcountryandinmanyothers.Theconceptof“thebrotherhoodofman^^wasusedbythose

whowishedtogetridofslaveryintheUnitesStatesandelsewhere.Appealstotheidealof

“democracy"and"civilrights”helpedinfluenceAmericanpublicopinioninfavorofextending

thevotetowomenandtoblacks.Yetnoneoftheseideasexistedinavacuum;theywere

influentialonlyinthecontextofothersocialforces.

Ideasareaparticularlyimportantelementinsocialchangeincountriesthattakechangeasaway

oflife.Thereasonisthatwetrytoshapethefutureintermsofourconceptsofwhatitshouldbe

like.Ourideasdeterminewhatweregardasneeds,andwetakesocialactiontobringaboutthe

changesnecessarytomeetthoseneeds.注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。57.Accordingto

thepassage,ideologiesare.

A)fromsocialconditionsandcaninfluencesocialconditions

B)fromsomecleverpeopleandcaninfluencethechangeofsocieties

C)fromtheancientIsraelites

D)differentfrommorality

58.TheancientIsraelitesplacedgreatvalueonlargefamiliesbecause.

A)theywereagainstartificialbirthcontrol

B)theywereasmalltribewithahighinfantdeathrateandsurroundedbyenemies

C)theywereasmalltribewithalowinfantdeathrateandsurroundedbyenemies

D)theywereinfluencedbytheideathatartificialbirthcontrolwaswrong

59.TheauthorusestheexamplesofFrenchRevolutionandthecivilrightmovementintheUnited

Statesto.

A)supporthisviewthatsocialchangesareinevitable

B)demonstratehisviewthatideascomefromsocialconditions

C)supporthisviewthatideasplayaroleinsocialchanges

D)explainthatbrotherhoodisimportantforman

60.Ideasareaparticularlyimportantelementinsocialchangeincountriesthatwelcomechanges

because.

A)peoplewanttohavesomeideas

B)peoplewanttobringaboutsocialchanges

C)therearemanyideasinthesecountries

D)peoplewanttochangethesocietyaccordingtotheirideas

61.Thewritersattitudetowardsbirthcontrolcanbedescribedas.

A)criticalB)objective

C)indifferentD)sympatheticPassageTwo

Questions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Citiesdonotappearontheearthrandomly(任意地),nordotheygrowinarandomfashion.They

developastheresultofacomplexinterplayofenvironmentalandsocialfactors.

Severalfactorsinthenaturalenvironmentdeterminethelocationofcities.Largecities,for

example,ai-egenerallynotfoundininhospitable(不可居住的)zones.Mostmajorcities

developedfromvillagesandtownsthatgrewupalongshorelines,rivers,orrailroads.Thegrowth

patternofanurbansettlementisalsoinfluencedbyfactorsinthenaturalenvironment.For

example,mountainsmustbeskirted,lakesmustbeavoided,andhousingandindustrymustbe

placedconvenientlynearwaterandrawmaterials.

Socialfactorsalsoinfluencetheappearanceanddevelopmentofcities.Forinstance,acitymaybe

establishedasaresultofapoliticaldecision:BrazilcreatedthenewcapitalofBrasiliainthemidst

ofthejungleinordertostimulatetheeconomicdevelopmentthere.Ideasaboutarchitectureand

townplanningalsoinfluenceurbangrowthpatterns.Forinstance,thepatternofManhattanisthe

productofaplanningdecisionmadein1811.Besides,theactualusetowhichlandisputoften

dependsoneconomicfactors,becauseownerstendtodevotetheirlandtotheusethatgivesthem

thegreatestgain.

Thelocationofparticularsocialgroupisalsoinfluencedbyecological(生态学的)factors.

Certainkindsoflanduse,suchasparkinglots,mayquicklygenerateadislikedareaandresultina

massdepartureoftheoriginalinhabitants.Thelocationoftheneighborhoodsofdifferentgroupsis

thusrelatedtosuchfactorsastheirrelativeincomeandtotheirfeelingsofgroupunityor

prejudiceagainstoutsiders.

Socialinventionssuchastheautomobileandmasstransitsystemsalsoinfluenceurbanpatterns.If

workershavetowalktotheirfactorieseveryday,theirhomesmustbeneartheworkplace,butif

theycandrivetowork,theycaneasilylivefifteenmilesaway.Iflargenumbersoftheurbanlabor

forcemoveawayfromthecitycenter,servicesandfacilitieswilltendtofollowthem,perhaps

leavingthecitycentergreatlychanged.

注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。

62.Accordingtothepassage,mostmajorcitiesare.

A)locatedalongshorelines,rivers,orrailroads

B)locatedfarawayfromshorelines,rivers,orrailroads

C)resultsofpoliticaldecisions

D)resultsofarchitecturaldecisions

63.Theexamplethatshowstheinfluenceofpoliticaldecisionsonthelocationofacityisthe

locationof.

A)ManhattaninNewYork

B)thenewcapitalofBrasiliaofBrazil

C)LosAngles

D)London

64.Accordingtothepassage,certainkindsoflanduse,suchasparkinglots,may.

A)maketheoriginalinhabitantshappy

B)causetheoriginalinhabitantstomoveawayfromanarea

C)destroyatown

D)resultinecologicaldisastersinanarea

65.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatpeopleoflowincome.

A)tendtoliveinbigcitiesB)tendtoliveinsmalltowns

C)mostlyliveincitycentersD)arelikelytolivetogether

66.Accordingtothepassage,thelocationsofcitiesareinfluenced.

A)onlybyalotofenvironmentalfactors

B)onlybyalotofsocialfactors

C)bybothsocialandenvironmentalfactors

D)onlybyalotofecologicalfactorsPartVCloze(15minutes)

Directions：Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblanktherearefourchoices

markedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfits

intothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet2withasingleline

throughthecenter.

注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。

Haveyoueverwonderedwhatourfutureislike?Practicallyallpeople67adesiretopredicttheir

future68.Peopleseeminclinedto69thistaskusingcausalreasoning.First,we

generally70thatfuturecircumstancesare

71causedorconditionedbypresent72.

Welearnthatgettinganeducationwill73howmuchmoneyweearnlaterandthatswimming

beyondthereefmaybringanunhappy74withashark.

Second,peoplealsolearnthatsuch75ofcauseandeffectareprobabilistic(概率)innature.That

is,theeffectsoccurmoreoftenwhenthecausesoccurthanwhenthecausesare76,but

notalways.77,studentslearnthatstudying

hard78goodgradesinmostinstances,butnoteverytime.Sciencemakestheseconceptsof

causalityandprobabilitymoreexplicitand79

techniquesfordealing80themmorerigorouslythandoescausalhumaninquiry.Inlookingat

ordinaryhumaninquiry,weneedto81betweenpredictionandunderstanding.Often,evenif

wedontunders