2022年上海中考一模复习笔记

上海化学知识点总结1、化学是研究物质构成、构造、性质以及变化规律基本科学。2、国内劳动人民商代会制造青铜器,春秋战国时会炼铁、炼钢。3、绿色化学环境和谐化学(化合反映符合绿色化学反映)①四特点P6(原料、条件、零排放、产品)②核心:运用化学原理从源头消除污染4、蜡烛燃烧实验(描述现象时不可浮现产物名称)(1)火焰:焰心、内焰(最明亮)、外焰(温度最高)(2)比较各火焰层温度:用一火柴梗平放入火焰中。现象:两端先碳化;结论:外焰温度最高(3)检查产物H2O:用干冷烧杯罩火焰上方,烧杯内有水雾CO2:取下烧杯,倒入澄清石灰水,振荡,变浑浊(4)熄灭后:有白烟(为石蜡蒸气),点燃白烟,蜡烛复燃。阐明石蜡蒸气燃烧。5、吸入空气与呼出气体比较结论:与吸入空气相比,呼出气体中O2量减少,CO2和H2O量增多(吸入空气与呼出气体成分是相似)6、学习化学重要途径--科学探究普通环节:提出问题→猜想与假设→设计实验→实验验证→记录与结论→反思与评价化学学习特点:关注物质性质、变化、变化过程及其现象;7、化学实验(化学是一门以实验为基本科学)一、惯用仪器及用法(一)用于加热仪器－－试管、烧杯、烧瓶、蒸发皿、锥形瓶可以直接加热仪器是－－试管、蒸发皿、燃烧匙只能间接加热仪器是－－烧杯、烧瓶、锥形瓶(垫石棉网-受热均匀)可用于固体加热仪器是－－试管、蒸发皿可用于液体加热仪器是－－试管、烧杯、蒸发皿、烧瓶、锥形瓶不可加热仪器--量筒、漏斗、集气瓶(二)测容器－－量筒量取液体体积时,量筒必要放平稳。视线与刻度线及量筒内液体凹液面最低点保持水平。量筒不能用来加热,不能用作反映容器。量程为10毫升量筒,普通只能读到0.1毫升。(三)称量器－－托盘天平(用于粗略称量,普通能精准到0.1克。)注意点:(1)先调节零点(2)称量物和砝码位置为"左物右码"。(3)称量物不能直接放在托盘上。普通药物称量时,在两边托盘中各放一张大小、质量相似纸,在纸上称量。潮湿或具备腐蚀性药物(如氢氧化钠),放在加盖玻璃器皿(如小烧杯、表面皿)中称量。(4)砝码用镊子夹取。添加砝码时,先加质量大砝码,后加质量小砝码(先大后小)(5)称量结束后,应使游码归零。砝码放回砝码盒。(四)加热器皿－－酒精灯(1)酒精灯使用要注意"三不":①不可向燃着酒精灯内添加酒精;②用火柴从侧面点燃酒精灯,不可用燃着酒精灯直接点燃另一盏酒精灯;③熄灭酒精灯应用灯帽盖熄,不可吹熄。(2)酒精灯内酒精量不可超过酒精灯容积2/3也不应少于1/4。(3)酒精灯火焰分为三层,外焰、内焰、焰心。用酒精灯外焰加热物体。(4)如果酒精灯在燃烧时不慎翻倒,酒精在实验台上燃烧时,应及时用沙子盖灭或用湿抹布扑灭火焰,不能用水冲。(五)夹持器－－铁夹、试管夹铁夹夹持试管位置应在试管口近1/3处。试管夹长柄,不要把拇指按在短柄上。试管夹夹持试管时,应将试管夹从试管底部往上套;夹持部位在距试管口近1/3处;用手拿住(六)分离物质及加液仪器－－漏斗、长颈漏斗过滤时,应使漏斗下端管口与承办烧杯内壁紧靠,以免滤液飞溅。长颈漏斗下端管口要插入液面如下,以防止生成气体从长颈漏斗口逸出。一、金属材料纯金属(90各种)合金(几千种)2、金属物理性质:(1)常温下普通为固态(汞为液态),有金属光泽。(2)大多数呈银白色(铜为紫红色,金为黄色)(3)有良好导热性、导电性、延展性3、金属之最:(1)铝:地壳中含量最多金属元素(2)钙:人体中含量最多金属元素(3)铁:当前世界年产量最多金属(铁>铝>铜)(4)银:导电、导热性最佳金属(银>铜>金>铝)(5)铬:硬度最高金属(6)钨:熔点最高金属(7)汞:熔点最低金属(8)锇:密度最大金属(9)锂:密度最小金属4、金属分类:黑色金属:普通指铁、锰、铬及它们合金。重金属:如铜、锌、铅等有色金属轻金属:如钠、镁、铝等;有色金属:普通是指除黑色金属以外其她金属。5、合金:由一种金属跟其她一种或几种金属(或金属与非金属)一起熔合而成具备金属特性物质。牛津初中英语重点词汇例句Aabit有点儿abitof后跟名词 abitofhouseworkIfeelabit/alonelyfromtimetotime我偶尔由于感到有点儿孤单。alittle有点儿,(比…)稍微…可修饰比较级It’s10a.m..Ifeelalittlehungry.上午10点了,我感到有点饿。Lilyis1.65metrestall.Iam1.63metrestall.LilyisalittletallerthanI.Lily1.65米高。我1.63米高。Lily比我高一点。2、abilityn.能力beabletodoDifferentpeoplehavedifferentabilities.Findoutmoreabouthisabilities.不同人有不同能力。3、aboveprep.在…上面WilsonlivestwofloorsaboveWendy.Wilson住在Wendy楼上两层。belowprep.在…下面MarylivessixfloorsbelowWendy.Mary住在Wendy楼下6层。overprep.在…上方Thereisabridgeovertheriver.有一座桥横跨这条河。underprep.在…下方Thereisabikeunderthetree.有一辆自行车在树下。onprep.在…上面oThereisabookonthedesk.桌上有一本书。4、abroadadv.在国外,到国外I’mplanningtotravelabroadinthiscomingsummerholidays.我筹划在即将到来暑假里去国外旅行。5、acceptvt.接受辨析:receive收到Doyouacceptwhathetoldyou?你能接受她所告诉你事吗?6、accidentn.事故,意外事Thecaraccidentkilledthreemenyesterday.昨天,三个人在这场车祸中丧生。7、achievevt.获得achieveabalancebetween…and…在…和…之间获得平衡Idon’tknowhowtoachieveabalancebetweenmyschoolworkandmyhobbies.Canyougivemesomeadvice?我不懂得如何在学习和兴趣两者之间获得平衡。你能给我某些建议吗?8、acrossprep.穿过goacrosstheroad/bridge/street/fieldGoacrosstheroadandwalkon,you’llseethebookshop.穿过这条马路继续走,你就看到那个书店。crossvt.穿过Crosstheroadandyou’llseethemuseum.穿过这条马路,你就看到那个博物馆。crossroadsn.十字路口throughprep.穿过,通过gothroughtheforest/tunnel穿过森林/隧道Theyputcandlesinthemsothelightshinesthroughtheeyes,thenoseandtheteeth.她们把蜡烛放在里面,这样光线就会透过眼睛、鼻子和牙齿照出来。Thesunisshiningthroughthewindow.阳光透过窗户照进来。9、actionn.行动takeaction(s)采用行动Wecantakethefollowingactionstoprotectgiantpandas.你可以采用如下行动来保护大熊猫。Ifwedonottakeaction,therewillbenobearsintheworld.如果我们不采用行动,世界上就没有熊了。10、activeadj.积极,活跃反义词:inactiveYouareenergeticandactive,butsometimestooimpatient.你精力充沛、活泼,但有时你太没有耐心了。takeanactivepartin积极参加activelyadv.积极地,活跃地Wehopethisinformationwillhelpthemunderstandandmakethemactivelytakeactiontoprotectwildlife.我但愿这个信息将协助她们理解并且使她们积极地采用行动来保护野生动物。11、activityn.活动after-school/outdoor/indooractivities课外/户外/室内活动Wedoafter-schoolactivitieseveryafternoon.我们每天下午进行室内活动。12、advantagen.优势,长处disadvantagen.劣势,缺陷,不利条件Livinginthecountryhasadvantagesanddisadvantages.住在农村既有优势也有劣势。13、advisevt.建议,劝告advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事OurEnglishteacheradvisesustospeakEnglishasmuchaspossible.我们英语教师建议我们尽量多说英语。advicen.(U)建议,劝告,忠告givesb.someadvice给某人提某些建议Idon’tknowhowtolearnEnglishwell.Ihopeyoucangivemesomeadvice.我不懂得如何学好英语。我但愿你可以给我某些建议。suggestionn.(C)建议offersb.somesuggestionsCanyouoffermesomesuggestions?14、affectvt.影响affectourmoods影响我们心情Doyouknowthatcolourscanaffectourmoods?你懂得颜色能影响我们情绪吗?effectn.影响,作用haveagood/badeffectonsb.对某人有好/坏影响15、affordvt./vi.买起,能做affordsth.买起affordtodosth.有能力做某事Wecan’taffordtopaysuchaprice.我们没有能力承担这样价格。Thecaristooexpensive.Ican’taffordit/Ican’taffordtobuyit.这辆太贵了,我买不起。16、afraidadj.紧张,胆怯,恐怕beafraid/beafraidofsth./doing/beafraidtodosth./beafraidthatIhavealotofhomeworktodo.I’mafraid(that)Ican’tgowithyou.我有许多家庭作业要做,恐怕我不能和你去了。I’mafraidofsnakes.我胆怯蛇。I’mafraidofgoingoutaloneatnight.我胆怯晚上单独出去。Don’tbeafraidtoaskquestions.不要胆怯问问题。frightenedadj.感到恐惊Theyheardsomethingunusual,theyfeltfrightened.她们听到某些异常状况,她们感到恐惊。17、againstprep.反对,违背,紧靠Heiswantedbecausehehasdonesomethingagainstthelaw.她被通缉由于她做了违法事。18、agen.年龄attheageof在…岁时What’syourage?/Howoldareyou?你多大啦?Attheageoffive,shecouldswim.在5岁时候,她就能游泳。19、agoadv.此前twoyearsago两年前threesecondsago三秒种前Hedon’tknowwhathappenedtothemthreesecondsago.她不懂得三秒种前她们发生了什么事。beforeadv.此前IhaveneverbeentotheGreatWallbefore.我此前从来没有去过长城。prep.在…此前,在…前面IlikereadingEnglishbeforeIgotobed.我在上床前喜欢读英文。ThetrainhadleftbeforeIwenttothestation.在我到达火车站之前,火车就离开了。Hesitsbefore/infrontofme.她坐在我前面。thedaybeforeyesterday前天theyearbeforelast前年20、agreevi.批准,赞同agreewithsb.批准某人看法agreementn.批准,合同反义词:disagreeIagreewithyourparentsthatitisbetterforyoutogohomeearlier.我批准你父母观点,你最佳早点回家。21、airn.空气,大气airpollution空气污染Thereisn’tairorwateronthemoon.月球上没有空气和水。ThereislessairpollutioninSunshineTownthaninMoonlightTown.阳光镇污染比月光镇污染要少。v.使通风airtheroom使房间通风Weshouldairtheroomseverydayinspring.春天,我应当每天使房间通风。22、allowvt.容许allowsb.todosth.容许某人做某事Myparentsdon’tallowmetoplayoutsideafter6p.m.我父母不容许我下午6点之后出去玩.23、almostadv.几乎,差不多nearlyadv.几乎,差不多hardlyadv.几乎不Heisverytallalmost1.75metrestall.她很高,几乎有1.75米WelostourumbrellainthewindandInearlyfellover.大风卷走了我们伞,我几乎跌倒。24、aloneadv./adj.独自,单独beathomealone,livealonelonelyadj.孤单,寂寞feellonelyTheoldmanlivesalone,buthedoesn’tfeellonely.这个老人独自一人居住,但她不感到寂寞。25、alongprep.沿着go/walkalongtheroadgetalong(well)with与…相处(融洽),在…获得(大)进展Igetalongwellwithallmyclassmates.我和我所有同窗相处融洽。26、alreadyadv.已经yetadv.还(未)惯用于完毕时Wehavealreadyfinishedourhomework.我们已经做完我们家庭作业。Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?No,notyet.你已经做完你庭作业了吗?还没有。27、althoughconj.虽然,尽管不能和but连用Althoughhestudieshard,hecan’tcatchupwithothers.虽然她努力学习,但她不能赶上别人。28、alsoadv.也,tooadv.也,aswell也,either也Helikesreading.Ialsolikereading.Ilikereading,too.我也喜欢看书。Heisalsowearingapairofcolourfultrainers.她也穿了一双颜色鲜艳运动鞋。Iwanttoreadthebookaswell.我也想读这本书。Hedoesn’tlikerunning,Idon’t,either.她不喜欢跑步,我也不喜欢。29、amongprep.在…中间三者或以上betweenprep.在…之间两者Theteacherstandsamongthestudents.教师站在学生中间Thereisarailwaybetweenthetwocities.在这两都市间有一条铁路。30、angryadj.气愤,愤怒be/become/getangrywithangrilyadv.愤怒地Hisparentsbecameangrywhenhemadethesamemistakeagain.当她再次犯同样错误时,她父母气愤了。“What?”thetigersaidangrily.“什么?”老虎气愤地说。31、anotheradj.另一种,别后跟可数名词单数other后加可数复数Wouldyoulikeanothercupoftea?你想再要一杯茶吗?Iamgoingtotakeanotherroute.我想走另一条路线。one…theother…(两个中)一种…另一种…Theoldmanhastwodaughters.Oneisaworker,theotherisanurse.这个老人有两了女儿,一种是工人,另一种是护士。32、answern.答案theanswerto……答案Canyoutellmetheanswertothequestion?It’sdifficultforme.你能告诉我这个问题答案吗?这对我有点难。v.回答answeraquestion回答问题Canyouanswerthequestion?Yes,Ican.你能回答这个问题吗?replyn./v.答复,回答replytoaquestionMypenfriendintheUSAhasn’trepliedtomylastthreee-mails.我在美国笔友还没有答复我上次三份e-mail。33．anyonepron.任何人用于疑问句和否定句Isthereanyoneintheroom?房间里有人吗?34.appearancen.浮现,相貌相应名词:appear反义词:disappearShemadeherfinalappearanceonthescreen.她最后一次出当前银幕上。35、arguevi.辩论,争辩arguewithsb.和某人争辩Ilovepeaceanddonotliketoarguewithothers.我喜欢安静不喜欢和别人争辩。36、arrivevi.到达arriveat/in,getto,reachaplace到达某地arriveinBeijing,arriveatthestation,reachthestation,gettothestation,gethere/there/homearrivaln.到达timeofarrival到达时间Whenwearrived,thefilmhadbeenonfor10minutes.当我们到达时候。电影已经放映10分钟了。37、asleepadj.睡着fallasleep入睡Hewastootired,sohefellfastasleep.她太累了,不久就入睡了。sleepvi./n.睡觉gotosleep,getenoughsleepAfterbreakfast,Iwanttogotosleep.吃完早饭后,我想去睡觉。Idon’tgetenoughsleep.Ifeelsleepyinclass.我没有足够睡眠,我课堂上感到想睡觉。sleepyadj.欲睡,困倦feelsleepy感到困倦38、attentionn.注意,专心payattentionto注意YoushouldpayattentiontoyourspokenEnglish.你应当注意你口语。39、awakeadj.醒着反义词:asleepSuzywasstillawakeat12o’clocklastnight.Suzy昨晚12点依然醒着。40、awardn.奖,奖品,奖金近义词:prizetheGrade7MostHelpfulStudentAward七年级最佳乐于助人学生奖BeijingMusuicAwards北京音乐奖Bbadlyadv.拙劣地,糟糕地,严重地比较级\最高档worse\worstOurteamplayedbadlyatfirstbutgotbetterinthesecondhalf.我们队伍开始打糟糕,但下半场打好些。Hisgrandfatherisbadlyill.她爷爷病得很严重beautyn.美,美丽Walkslowlyaroundthelakeandfeelthebeautyoftheoldpark.慢慢沿着湖边散步,会感受到这个古老公园美丽。WhenHepburndiedin1993,theworldmournedthelossofagreatbeauty,agreatactressandagreathumanitarian.当Hepburn在1993年去世时,整个世界都在哀悼一位美女、伟大女演员和慈善家拜别。beautifuladj.美丽beautifullyadv.Ourhometownisabeautifulandquietplace.我们故乡是一种美丽而安静地方。becomevi.成为,变得becamebecomeIwanttobecomeafamoussingerandtravelaroundtheworldinthefuture.我想将来成为一种知名歌手并且环游全世界。Nanjingisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.南京正变得越来越美丽。4、begin/startvi./vt.开始begin/starttodosth./doingsth.HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewassixyearsold.当她6岁时就开始学英语。beginningn.开始,起初beganbegunatthebeginningof在…开始Atthebeginningoftheclass,wesanganEnglishsong.在这堂课开始时,我们唱了一首英文歌。5.betweenpron.两者之间between...andamong三者或以上Hewillcomebetween5p.mand7p.m.她将在5点到7点之间来。6、birthn.出生,诞生dateofbirth出生日期atbirth出生时birthday生日NextSundayismytwelfthbirthday.下周日是我12岁生日。7、boringadj.乏味,无聊,令人乏味feelboredadj.感到无聊MrBlack’sclassisboring.Weallfeelboredinhisclass.MrBlack上课枯燥,我们在她课上都感到乏味。ThetriptotheWorldParkwasboring.Weallfeltboredontheway.去世界公园旅行令人乏味,在路上我们都感到乏味。8、borrowvt.(向某人)借用,借borrowsth.fromsb.向某人借某物lendvt.借给lendsth.tosb./lendsb.sth.把某物借给某人Excuseme,canIborrowabikefromyou?/CanIborrowyourbike?我能借你自行车吗?IlentmyEnglishbooktoKateyesterday.昨天我把我英语书借给Kate了。keep借多长时间Youcankeepthebookfor2weeks.这本书你可以借2周。9、bothpron./adj.两者,双方,两者,双方neither两者都不either两者中一种PeterandIarebothstudents.Pete和我都是学生。PeterandIbothloveplayingfootball.Pete和我都喜欢踢足球。Bothofusloveplayingfootball.BothheandIarehard-working.HeknowsbothEnglishandFrench.all(三者或三者以上)都none(三者或三者以上)都不Allofusarestudents.Weareallstudents.我们都是学生。WeallworkhardatEnglish.我们都努力学英语10.breadn.不可数名词Iamnotfull,Iwanttwomorepiecesofbread.我没吃饱,我还想要两快面包。11、breathn.呼吸outofbreath上气不接下气breathevt./vi.呼吸breatheheavily呼吸急促

Danielarrivedoutofbreathbecausehemissedtheearlybus.Daniel上气不接下气赶到,由于她错过早班车。Awitnessreportedthathewasbreathingheavilyandhadbloodonhisshirt.一种证人报告说她呼吸急促,衬衫上有血。12、bridgen.桥Thereisawoodenbridgeovertheriver.有一座木桥横跨这条河。goacrossthebridge/crossthebridge/walkoverthebridge过桥13、brightadj.明亮,聪颖Myclassroomisverybright.我教室非常明亮。Heisabright/smart/cleverboy.她是一种聪颖男孩。14、bringvt.带来,拿来broughttakevt.拿走tooktakenTaketheseoldchairsaway,andbringthenewoneshere.把这些旧椅子拿走,带某些新椅子来。Remembertobringyourhomeworkheretomorrow.记得明天把你作业带来。It’srainingoutside.Pleasetakeanumbrellawithyouwhenyougoout.外面正下雨。当你出去时候,请带一把伞。15、buildvt.建造,建筑builtbuildingn.建筑物,楼房Weshouldbuildmorereservesforgiantpandas.我们应当为大熊猫建立更多保护区。Mostofusliveintallbuildings.我们中绝大某些住在高楼里。16、burnvt.烧伤,烧ThefireburnedZhangHua’sneck,arms,andface.火烧伤了张华脖子、胳膊和脸。17、busyadj.忙,忙碌bebusywith/doingsth.忙于做某事businessn.公司,商行,工厂Thestudentsareverybusythesedays.学生这些天非常忙。Theywerebusywith/doingtheirhomeworkatthattime.她们那个时候忙于做作业。Wegetlotsofsupportfromlocalbusinesses.我们从本地公司得到许多支持。18、buyvt.买buysb.sth./buysth.forsb.boughtboughtMyfatherboughtmeanewbikeyesterday./Myfatherboughtanewbikeformeyesterday.我爸爸昨天为我买了俩自行车。sellvt.卖,出售soldsoldHunterswillmakealotofmoneyiftheysellelephants’tusks.猎人通过卖象牙来赚钱。19、byprep.通过,靠,用(表达通过某种方式)bybus/bike/plane/air/train/ship/sea/underground/boatbydoingsth.NowwecantakeanundergroundtothecentreofNanjing.NowwecangotothecentreofNanjingbyunderground.当前我们可以乘地铁到南京市中心。Wegotoschoolbybikeeveryday.Weridebikestoschooleveryday.我们每天骑自行车上学。Shewantedtoremindusthatweshouldprotecttheenvironmentbyshowingusthebeautyofnature.她想通过向我们展示大自然美来提示我们应当保护环境。Ccallvt.把……叫做/给命名WecallhimTom.TheboyiscalledTom.这个男孩名叫TomThereisaboycalledTominmyclass.\Jerryiscallingthepoliceforhelp.在我班上有一种名叫Tom男孩。Jerry在打电话给警察谋求协助。calmvi.安静下来,镇定下来adj.安静calmdown静下来Somecolourslikeblueandwhitemakeuscalmandpeaceful.蓝色和白色等颜色使我们安静。Weshouldcalmdownwhentheearthquakehappens.本地震发生时,我们应当镇定。cameln.骆驼Acamelisausefulanimal.骆驼是有用动物。cameran.照相机/摄象机Weusuallytakephotoswithcameras.我们用照相机照相。candlen.蜡烛Youcanputcandlesintopumpkinstomakelanterns.你可以把蜡烛放在南瓜里来制作灯笼。candyn.糖果AtHalloween,wecaneatalotofchocolatesandcandies.在万圣节,我们吃巧克力和糖果。capitaln.首都thecapitalof…首都(省会)WashingtonDCisthecapitaloftheUSA.华盛顿特区是美国首都。NanjingisthecapitalofJiangsu.南京是江苏省会。carev.介意,在乎Idon’tcareaboutmoney.我不在乎钱carefuladj.小心Becarefulwithfire,please.请小心火。carefullyadv.小心地,仔细地,认真地Listencarefullyinclass.carelessadj.粗心Tomisacarelessboy,heoftendoeshishomeworkcarelessly.Tom是一种粗心男孩,她经常做作业粗心。carelesslyadv.粗心地carrotn.胡萝卜Rabbitsliketoeatcarrots.兔子喜欢吃胡萝卜。carryvt.搬运,运送,携带carryonwith\doingsth执行、进展Iwantyoutocarryallthebagsforme.我想要你帮我搬运所有袋子。cartoonn.卡通片,动画片TomandJerryismyson’sfavoritecartoon.TomandJerry是我儿子最爱慕动画片。casen.病历,案例Somepeoplecan’tseethings,theyareblind.Butmostofthecasescanbecured.某些人不能看到东西,她们是盲人,但是大某些病例可以被治愈。catchvt.捉住,接住,赶上;染上caughtcatchupwith赶上catchacold感冒其延续性动词:haveacoldTheblackcatcaughtamouseyesterdayevening.这只黑猫昨晚捉住一只老鼠。causevt.引起,使发生n.因素Whatcausestheproblem?什么导致这个问题?centren.中心thecentreof…中心Boysdon’tlikeshoppingcentres.Theylikegoingtotheyouthcentreandthecomputercentre.男孩不喜欢购物中心,她们喜欢去青少年中心和电脑中心。centuryn.世纪,百年Acenturyisahundredyears.一世纪是1。certainadj.确信,无疑certainly固然,行Areyoucertainyoucandealwiththeproblems?你确信你能解决这个问题吗?Canyouhelpme?Certainly.chancen.机会Ifwestudyhard,everyonehasthechancetogothecollege.如果我们努力学习,每个人均有机会上大学。changevt变化,变化n.变化Idon’thaveagoodlifestyle.It’stimeformetochangenow.我没有一种好生活方式,当前到了我变化时间了。TherehavebeenalotofchangesinSunshineTownovertheseyears.在这几年阳光镇有了很大变化。charactern.特点,性格,品质,人物JayChouisthemaincharacterinthefilm.在这部电影里周杰伦是主角。chatvi./n.聊天,闲谈chatwithsb.和某人聊天chattingchattedPeteroftenspendsmuchtimechattingwithhisfriendsontheInternet.Peter经常花许多时间和她朋友在网络上聊天。cheapadj.便宜Theshirtistooexpensive.Doyouhaveacheaperone?这条裙子太贵了。你有更便宜吗?expensive/dearadj.昂贵ThiscoatissoexpensivethatIcan’taffordit.这件外套太贵了,我买不起。Thepriceofthiscoatishigh\low.checkn.核算,查明Whenwegotothecinema,thereissomeonecheckingtheticketsattheentrance.当我我们去看电影时,有人在入口处查票。cheervi.欢呼,喝采cheerfuladj.令人高兴,高兴Icheeredupforourteam.我为我们队伍欢呼加油。Heisacheerfulboy.她是个令人高兴男孩。childn.孩子Children’sDay小朋友节I’mthesecondchildofmyfamily.我在我家排行老二。chipn.薯条Howmanychipsdoyouwanttohave?你想要多少薯条?choicen.选取NowIknowhwotomakemychoice.当前我懂得作出我选取。choosevt.选取Therearemanyclothesfordancerstochoosefrom.有许多衣服让舞蹈者来挑选。choosesbtodosthChristmasn.圣诞节atChristmas/onChristmasDay在圣诞节ChristmasisaveryimportantfestivalintheWest.圣诞节是西方一种非常重要节日。cineman.电影院gotothecinema去电影院TomorrowisSunday.Wouldyouliketogotothecinemawithme?明天是星期天,你想和我去电影院吗?cityn.都市adj.都市NanjingisthecapitalcityofJiangsu.南京是江苏省会。clapvt.鼓掌clappingclappedThechildrenallclappedandscreamedwithjoywhentheysawtheirfavoritecharactersinDisneyland.孩子们都高兴地鼓掌尖叫当她们在迪斯尼乐园看到她们最爱慕人物。cleanadj.干净v.打扫Mike’sbedroomlooksascleanasnew.Mike卧室和新同样新。Wecleanourclassroomeverymorning.我们每天早上打扫我们教室。clearlyadv清晰地Icannotseetheblackboardclearly,Ineedtowearglasses.我不能清晰地看到黑板,我需要戴眼镜。cleveradj.聪颖,伶俐beclever\brightat在……很聪颖Tomiscleveratmath.Tom数学较好。climbvt.爬,攀登climber攀登者Madeeusuallyclimbsaladdertogetintoherhouse.Madee普通要爬梯子进入她房子。clonevt./n.克隆DavidisveryinterestedinDolly,thefirstclonedsheep.David对第一只克隆绵羊非常感兴趣。cloudn.云cloudyadj.多云It’ssunnytoday.Thereisnocloudinthesky.今天是晴天,天空中没有云。What’stheweatherliketoday?It’scloudy.今每天气如何啊?多云。coachn.客车,教练Werantotheparkassoonaswegotoffthecoach.我一从下车就朝公园跑去。coinn.硬币MrZhang’sfive-year-oldsonspreadthecoinsalloverthefloor.Itmadehimveryangry.张先生5岁儿子把硬币撒满了地板,这使得她很气愤。collectvt.收集Doyoulikecollectingstamps?你喜欢集邮吗?collegen.大学,学院Wehaven’tmetsincewegraduatedfromcollege.自从我们大学毕业后,我们没有见过面。comeon来吧,快点,得了吧Comeon,wehavenotime.快点,我们没有时间了。comeout出版,发行,刊登,出来comeoutof从……中出来AneweducationalCD-ROMcalled“AroundtheWorldinEightHours”hasjustcomeout.一种名叫八小时环游世界教育光盘刚刚出来。comfortableadj.舒服,舒服uncomfortable不舒服Cottonclothesareverycomfortabletowear.棉制衣服穿起来很舒服。communicationn.交流,交际Manyteenagersusuallyhavenocommunicationwiththeirfamilymembers.许多青少年普通不和她们父母交流。comparevt./vi.比较ComparedwithTom,Kateworksharderatschool.和Tom相比,Kate学习更认真。completevt.完毕I’maGrade9studentnow.Ioftenstayuplatetocompletemyhomework.我当前是九年级学生了,我经常熬夜去完毕家庭作业。concertn.音乐会giveaconcert举办音乐会Ifyousendtextmessagesto1396,youcouldwintwofreeconcerttickets.如果你发送信息到1396,你就可以得到2张免费音乐会门票。conferencen.会议Theconferencehasbeenoverfor10minutes,这个会议已经结束10分钟了。connectvt.连接connect…to/with…把…和…连接beconnectedto/with被连接到…Youcanconnecttheprintertothecomputer.你可以把打印机连接到电脑上。considervt.以为,考虑GongLiisconsideredasagreatactress.巩俐被以为是一位伟大女演员。controlvt.控制,支配underthecontrolof在…控制下outofcontrol失去控制Thecarwasoutofcontrolandithitabigtreelastnight.昨晚,这辆小汽车失去控制,撞上一棵大树。cookvt.烹饪,煮n.厨师cookingn.Ilikecookingdeliciousfood.SoIwanttobeacookwhenIgrowup.我喜欢烹饪美味食物。因而当我长大我想成为一名厨师。cooladj.酷,凉快Theboylookscoolinthenewjacket.这个小男孩穿这件夹克看上去酷。It’scoolinautumn.秋天凉快。copyn.一本副本vt.抄写,复制,复印,抄袭Ifyougotothecarshow,youwillgetacopyofthecarmagazine.如果你去车展,你将得到一本汽车杂志。Theteacherasksustodoourhomeworkbyourselvesandnottocopyothers’.教师叫我们自己做作业,不要抄别人。cornern.角落,拐角at/inthecornerof…在……拐角Thereisabookshopatthecornerofthestreet.在街拐角处有一家书店。costvt.值(多少钱,耗费/vi费用,价格sthcostssbmoney某物耗费某人多少钱/Itcostssbmoneytodosth耗费某人钱去做某事payfor/spend…(in)doingsth/onsth.Thebookcostmetenyuan.Itcostmetenyuantobuythebook.Ispenttenyuanon/buying/inbuyingthebook.Ipaidtenyuanforthebook.我花了10元买了这本书。cottonn.棉,棉花,棉布silk丝wool羊毛fur皮毛TheT-shirtismadeofcotton.这个T恤是棉制。TheT-shirtsmadeofcottonareverycomfortable.这个棉制T恤非常舒服。countvt.数,点数The2-year-oldboyisverybright.Hecancountfrom1to100.这个2岁男孩非常聪颖,她能从1数到100.discountn.打折,折扣Thereisadiscountonlastyear’sChristmascards.去年圣诞卡片打折。countryadj./n.国故乡村()countrypark乡村公园Ourcountryisbecomingstrongerandstronger.我们国家正变得越来越强大。countrysiden.乡村,农村Thereislessairpollutioninthecountrysidethaninthecity.农村污染比都市小。couragen.勇气IfailedintheEnglishtest.Ihavenocouragetotellmyparentsaboutit.英语考试失败了,我没有勇气告诉我父妈妈。encouragesbtodosth.勉励某人做某事Weshouldencouragefarmerstoleavethegiantpandareserves.我们应当勉励农民离开大熊猫保护区。coursen.课程ofcourse固然,可以DailyEnglishisanewEnglishcoursefromAmerica.每日英语是来自美国一种新英语教学课程。63.covervt覆盖,涉及,报道becoveredwith…被……覆盖becoveredlive直播ItsnowedheavilyinFebruaryin,everythingwascoveredwithheavysnow.2月份雪下很大,万物都被雪覆盖。Thisyear’sBeijingMusicAwardswillbecoveredlive.今年北京音乐颁奖典礼将现场直播。64.crazyadj.着迷,狂热becrazyabout…痴迷于……Tomiscrazyaboutfootball.Whenhecan’tfindafootball,heoftenkicksastoneoracan.Tom对足球狂热,当她找不到足球时候,她就经常踢65.createvt.创立ThomasEdisioncreatedalabtodotheexperiments.爱迪生创立了一种实验室来做实验。相应形容词:creativeacreativeleader一种有创造力领导.66.crowdedadj.拥挤becrowdedwith…被……拥挤Theearthisbecomingmoreandmorecrowdedandpolluted,maybewecanmovetotheMarsoneday.地球变得越来越拥挤,污染越来越严重,或许将来我们要移到火星上。67.crueladj.残酷,冷酷Thecruelmankilledaboywithagun.这个冷酷用枪杀了一种男孩。68.cryvi.哭喊Thelittlegirllostherwayandcriedonthestreet.这个小女孩迷路了,在街上哭。69.cupn.奖杯TheWorldCupisheldeveryfouryears.世界杯每4年举办一次。70.curevt.治愈Manycasesofblindnesscanbecured.许多失明病例可以被治愈Ddailyadj.寻常,每日weekly每一周everydayadj.寻常ChinadailyisaverypopularEnglishnewspaperinChina.中华人民共和国日报是一份在中华人民共和国非常受欢迎英文报纸。dangern.危险dangerousadj.危险indanger处在危险中outofdanger脱离危险insafetysafeadj.安全endangered濒临灭绝Itisdangeroustoplaywithfire.玩火危险。Whenpeopleareindanger,weshouldhelpthem.当人们处在危险时候,我们应当协助她们。darkadj.深色,黑色brown棕色blonde金色Chinesepeoplehavedarkhair.中华人民共和国人有黑色头发。daten.日期Whatisthedatetoday?今天是几月几日?dayn.(一)天(一)日Whatafineday!真好一天!Therearesevendaysinaweek.一周有７天。daylightn日光,白昼inthedaytime在白天dealvi.解决,应付dealwith/dowithIdon’tknowhowtodealwiththematter.Idon’tknowwhattodowiththematter.我不懂得如何解决这件事。deathn.死,死亡diev.死亡deadadj.死亡loseone’slife丧命,死亡Mydogdiedtwodaysago.我狗２天前死了。Mydoghasbeendeadfortwodays.我狗死了有２天了。Thedeathofmylittledogmademeverysad.我小狗死使我很伤心。Decembern十二月December25thisChristmasDay.１２月２５日是圣诞节。decidevt./vi.决定decidetodosth决定做某事decisionn.决定makeadecision作决定IhavedecidedtogotoHainanforaholiday.我决定去海南度假。Wearingredcanhelpyouwhenyouarehavingdifficultymakingadecision.当你很难做决定期,穿红色可以协助你。deepadj.深,深厚adv深深,在深处Theriverisnotdeep,youcanwalkthroughit.这条河不深,你可以走过去。developvt./vi开发,发展developedcountry发达国家developingcountry发展中华人民共和国家developmentn发展ThescientistsaredevelopingakindofplanttogrowonMars.科学家正在哺育一种可以在火星上种植植物。devotevt.献身于,致力于devote…todoingsth致力于做某事AudreyHephurndevotedmuchofhertimetocharity.AudreyHephurn把她大某些时间花在慈善事业上。diaryn日记keepadiary记日记Keepingdiariesisagoodhabit.记日记是一种好习惯。dictionaryn.字典YesterdayLilyboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.昨天Lily买了一本英中文典。differencen.差别,不同differentadj.bedifferentfrom与…不同TheweatherinBeijingisverydifferentfromthatinNanjing.北京气候和南京不同。LilyandLucyaretwinsisters,itisnoteasytotellthedifferencesbetweenthem.Lily和Lucy是双胞胎姐妹。不容易分清她们俩不同点。difficultadj.困难difficultyn困难hardadj.困难havedifficultydoingsth在做某事方面有困难Itisdifficulttoworkoutthemathproblem.算出这个数学问题不容易。dinnern正餐,宴会Ioftenhavedinneratmygrandparents’home.我经常在我爷爷奶奶家吃晚饭。directionn.方向inalldirections各个方向Therobbersranawayinalldirectionswhenthepolicemenappeared.当警察浮现时候,劫匪到处逃散。directorn.导演directvt.执导ZhangYimouisafamousChinesedirector.张艺谟是一位知名导演。dirtyadj.脏clean干净(反义词)Theboyissodirtythatnobodywantstoplaywithhim.这个男孩如此脏以至于没有人想和她玩。disappearvi.消失appear浮现(反义词)appearancen.浮现,外貌Tigersaredisappearingfasterthanpandas.老虎灭绝速度比熊猫快。discovervt.发现,发现Let’sdiscoverhowthepowerofcolourcanchangeyourmoods!让我们发现颜色力量是如何变化我们情绪。discussionn.讨论discussvt.讨论Theprogrammewillstartwithadiscussionabouttheanimals.这个节目以一种关于动物讨论开始。Theyarediscussingabouttheproblemwiththeteachers.她们正在和教师讨论这个问题。dislikevt.不喜欢,讨厌,厌恶n.厌恶对象hate憎恨Milliedislikesbananas.Sheeatsveryfewofthem.Millie不喜欢香蕉,她很少吃香蕉。disturbvt.打扰,扰乱MycousinalwaysmakesalotofnoiseanddisturbsmewhenI’mstudying.当我在学习时候,我表弟总是发出噪音打扰我。dividevi./vt.划分divide…into…把…提成…bedividedinto……被提成…Ayearisdividedintofourseasons.一年分为四个季节。doubtvt./n.怀疑Ioftendoubtwhetheritisworthworkingsohard.我经常怀疑如此努力工作与否值得。downadv.向下prep.沿…而下putdown放下takedown取下liedown躺下calmdown安静下来Godown/alongtheroad,youwillfindthepostofficeattheendofit.沿着这条路走,你会在路尽头找到那个邮局。drawingn.绘画Heisgoodatdrawing.Hecandrawverywell.她擅长绘画,她可以画地较好。dreamadj.梦想n.梦vt.做梦,梦见inthedream在梦中dreamabout梦见Manystudentsdreamofbecomingsingersinthefuture.许多学生梦想将来成为歌手。Hehadaverystrangedreamlastnight.她昨晚做了一种奇怪梦。dressvt.给…穿衣服n.服装dressupas装扮成辨析:dresssb给某人穿衣服wear穿着,表状态puton穿上,强调动作Hoboisdressingupasaghost.Hobo装扮成鬼。Theboyi