2021年湖南省永州市孟公山中学高三英语联考试卷含解析

2021年湖南省永州市孟公山中学高三英语联考试卷含解析一、选择题1.—Howwasthejourney?

—Tiring!Icaughtthetrainatthelastsecondbutalltheseats_____．Istoodalltheway．

A．wouldoccupy

B．hadoccupied

C．hadbeenoccupied

D．wouldbeoccupied参考答案：C2.Notonlyhavetheexchangestudents’personalskillsstrengthened,_______havethesocialskillsthatthey’vegainedfromlivingabroad.A.butalso

B.so

C.butso

D.but参考答案：C3.Theballoons,agreat______,______theatmosphereofthefestival.A.scene;addedup

B.scenery;addeduptoC.view;added

D.sight;addedto参考答案：D略4.—Hey,Tina．CanIaskyouaquestion?—Sure．____ A．Whynot?

B．What'sup?

C．Sowhat?

D．Whatfor?参考答案：B5.Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents______allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.A.which B.whereC.whatD.who参考答案：A6.—Sorry,Iforgottoposttheletterforyou.—Nevermind,I______itmyself.A.post

B.amgoingtopost C.wasposting D.willpost参考答案：D7.__________,theoldmanevenhadnomoneytobuyabusticket.A.Ashiswalletstolen.

B.Hiswalletbeingstolen.C.Hiswalletstolen.

D.Stealinghiswallet.参考答案：C【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：他的钱包被偷，这位老人甚至没有钱买车票。因为前后句的主语不一致，所以要用独立主格结构。Hiswallet和动词steal的被动关系，用过去分词表被动，相当于Ashiswalletwasstolen.A项没有谓语动词，不是句子。此处不表示动作进行，不用beingstolen.steal的主语不是theoldman，不用Stealing形式。A、B、D都错误，故选C.【点睛】独立主格结构，是由“名词或代词+现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词短语、名词短语、介词短语或副词短语”构成的一种独立结构。在该结构中，名词或代词与其后的部分构成逻辑上的主谓关系，用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子。在句中作状语，表示“时间、条件、原因、伴随，方式或结果”

等含义。其位置比较灵活，放于句首句末均可。1.

名词（代词）+

现在分词Theclockstrikingtwelve,Iwenttobed.

（表原因）2.

名词（代词）+

过去分词Helaythereonhisback,

histeethset,hisrighthandclenchedonhisbreast.

（表伴随）Enoughtimegiven,shewillsurelydothejobbetter.

（表条件）3.

名词（代词）+

不定式Herearethefirstthreevolumes,

thefourthonetocomeoutnextmonth.

（表伴随）4.

名词（代词）+

形容词短语Herfacepalewithanger,sherosetogoaway.

（表原因）Isawadeeppond,

thewaterbluelikethesky.

（表结果）5.

名词（代词）+

介词短语Childinarms,

afewwomenstoodtherechatting.

（表方式）6.

名词（代词）+

副词短语Summerover,

thestudentsreturnedtoschool.

（表原因）7.

名词（代词）+

名词短语Hisfirstshotafailure,

Tomfiredagain.

（表原因）8.with复合结构“with复合结构”也是独立主格结构的一种，同样十分重要。在句中表示“原因，结果，伴随，方式”等情况。8.Thedancers,allof_______maskscameoffsuddenly,gaveusagreatsurprise.

A.their

B.whose

C.which

D.whom参考答案：B9.Havinghadaloosetoothtoremove,Iwenttothedentist’stogetit____outyesterday.A.pulled

B.topull

C.pulling

D.beingpulled参考答案：A试题分析：句意：因为有一颗活动的牙齿要移出，所以昨天我去牙医诊所把它拔了。“wenttothedentist’stogetitpulledout”去牙医诊所拔牙，此处it指代tooth，牙是被拔的，因此用过去分词pulled充当宾补以表示被动，故A项正确。10.Thesetwocountriesaresimilar

theybothhaveahighsnowfallduringwinter.A．towhich

B．inwhich

C．inthat

D．exceptthat参考答案：C略11.JudgingthevoicenotbyappearancebutbythevoiceitselfmakestheTVshow

fromnumerousamusementprograms.

A.holdout

B.standout

C.stretchout

D.turnout参考答案：B12.Jane'sstruggletomakeaplaceforherselfinthemusiccircleisthekindoflifestory___afascinatingnovelmightbewritten．

A．where

B．bywhom

C．forwhat

D．aboutwhich参考答案：D略13.Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,_____arebeyondourcontrol.A.mostofthem

B.mostofwhich

C.mostofwhat

D.mostofthat参考答案：B14. _______playingdumbwithteachers．Theyknowverywelltheirstudents. A．It’snouse B．There’snodoubt C．It’snowonder D．There’snoneed参考答案：A15.Hemusthavebeenill,orhe________tothelecturethen.A.wouldcome

B.wouldhavecomeC.came

D.hadcome参考答案：B试题分析：考查虚拟语气。句意：他一定是生病了，不然，他那时就会去听讲座了。or表示相反的情况，根据then可知，与过去事实相反，主句用wouldhavedone，故选B。16.Manylifestylepatternsdosuch__greatharmtohealththattheyactuallyspeedup__weakeningofthehumanbody.A.a;/

B./;the

C.a;the

D.the;a参考答案：B二、完型填空17.Onewinternineyearsago,I___21___atahomelessshelterinLosAngeles,preparingmealsforpeople.ThereImetAlbert,whosaidhelikedmysocks.“Wanttoseemine?”heasked,liftinghis___22___.Hewasbarefoot.Hesaidhehadbeenhopingtogetapairbuthadnevermadeit.Ifelta____23____feelinginmystomach.Thenextday,afterwork,Iwenttobuysocks—about$100___24___.Thatnextmorning,_____25_____myalarmfor5a.m.anddrovetothelocalpark,acommondestinationfor___26___people.Itwasstilldarkout.Itookoutabagofsocksand___27___agroupofmen,standingaroundatree,___28___withcold.WhenIhandedeachofthemapairofsocks,theylookedconfusedatfirst,________29________mymotives(动机),buttookthem.Anhourlater,I____30____allthesocks.Mostpeopleweresleeping.IfeltlikeSanta.Whentheywouldwakeup,theywouldfindaverymeaningfulpresent.EveryweekI’llhandoutmanysocks.IfI’mawayformorethanaweek,Iwillbringsockswithmeandhandthemouttothehomelessinotherstatesandcountries.Inthepastyears,thishasbecomemyhabit.It’s_____31_____,Isuppose,andit’sincredibly____32____tohelpmakesomepeople’s____33____alittlebiteasier.PartofmehopestoseeAlbertoutthere,but____34____,Idon’t,I’dliketothinkoneofthepairswill____35____him.21.A.challenged B.volunteered C.researched D.calculated22.A.leg B.arm C.hand D.head23.A.magical B.sinking C.comforting D.frightening24.A.money B.worth C.value D.worthy25.A.made B.placed C.set D.fixed26.A.merciless B.sleepless C.jobless D.homeless27.A.signaledto B.shoutedat C.headedfor D.wavedat28.A.trembling B.clapping C.jumping D.sleeping29.A.proving B.inquiring C.demanding D.questioning30.A.tookoff B.tookout C.gaveoff D.gaveout31.A.detective B.impressive C.addictive D.sensitive32.A.satisfying B.embarrassing C.amazing D.entertaining33.A.winter B.lives C.families D.difficulties34.A.unless B.until C.evenif D.asif35.A.suit B.fit C.match D.find参考答案：21.B

22.A

23.B

24.B

25.C

26.D

27.C

28.A

29.D

30.D

31.C

32.A

33.B

34.C

35.D本文是一篇记叙文。九年前作者在洛杉矶的流浪汉收容所里做志愿者，和Albert的对话之后作者感到心里很难受，意识到流浪汉很需要袜子，之后他便去买袜子送给这些人，并把它养成了一个习惯，而作者也从帮助他人中获得了满足感。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：九年前的一个冬天，我在洛杉矶一个无家可归的收容所自告奋勇为人们准备袜子。A.challenged挑战；B.volunteered自愿做；C.researched研究；D.calculated计算。根据下文atahomelessshelter可知，在收容所做志愿者。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：句意：“想看看我的吗？”他问，说着就抬起了他的腿。A.leg腿；B.arm胳膊；C.hand手；D.head头。根据上文ThereImetAlbert,whosaidhelikedmysocks.“Wanttoseemine?”可知，Albert说喜欢作者的袜子，他问作者想看看他的袜子吗，因此推断是抬起他的腿。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我觉得肚子有种下沉的感觉。A.magical有魅力的；B.sinking下沉的；C.comforting舒适的；D.frightening令人恐惧的。根据上文Hesaidhehadbeenhopingtogetapairbuthadnevermadeit.可知，Albert说希望有一双袜子但是从来没有得到过，结合下文Thenextday,afterwork,Iwenttobuysocks作者第二天下班去买袜子，可推断，作者听了Albert没有袜子这件事心里一沉，心情沉重。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天下班后，我去买了一双大约价值10美元的袜子。4.句意：他说他一直希望得到一双袜子，但从未得到。A.money钱；B.worth价值；C.value价值；D.worthy值得的。worth与具体金额连用，表“价值多少钱”。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我把闹钟设置在了早上5点，开车去了当地公园，这是无家可归的人经常在的地方。A.made制作；B.placed放；C.set设置；D.fixed修理。根据下文yalarmfor5a.m.可知，设置闹钟为早晨5点。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我把闹钟设置在了早上5点，开车去了当地公园，这是无家可归的人经常在的地方。A.merciless残忍的；B.sleepless睡不着的；C.jobless没有工作的；D.homeless无家可归的。根据上下文可知，此处应指作者去给那些在公园里露宿的无家可归的人送袜子。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我拿出一袋袜子，朝一群人走去，那些人围着一棵树站着，冻得发抖。A.signaledto向……示意；B.shoutedat朝……喊；C.headedfor朝……走去；D.wavedat向……挥手。此处应指作者朝一群无家可归人走过去（分发袜子）。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拿出一袋袜子，朝一群人走去，那些人围着一棵树站着，冻得发抖。A.trembling发抖；B.clapping鼓掌；C.jumping跳；D.sleeping睡觉。根据空格后的withcold可知，他们围着树站着，瑟瑟发抖。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我递给他们每人一双袜子的时候，他们起初看起来很困惑，怀疑我的动机，但还是收下了他们。A.proving证明；B.inquiring打听；C.demanding要求；D.questioning对……怀疑。由上文theylookedconfused可知，他们应是怀疑作者的动机。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一小时后，我发完了所有的袜子。A.tookoff脱下；B.tookout拿出；C.gaveoff释放；D.gaveout分发。根据语境可知，此处指作者分发完了所有的袜子。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想，这会令人上瘾，并且帮助别人使别人的生活好过些，这会让我非常满足。A.detective侦探的；B.impressive印象深刻的；C.addictive上瘾的；D.sensitive敏感的。根据上文Inthepastyears,thishasbecomemyhabit.可在，这已经成为了作者的习惯，因此推断作者认为这是令人上瘾的。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想，这会令人上瘾，并且帮助别人使别人的生活好过些，这会让我非常满足。A.satisfying令人满意的；B.embarrassing令人尴尬的；C.amazing令人吃惊的；D.entertaining使人愉快的。此处表达的是"给人帮助，使他们（沉重）的生活变得轻松一点，可以给我们带来非同寻常的满足感。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，这会令人上瘾，并且帮助别人使别人的生活好过些，这会让我非常满足。A.winter冬天；B.lives生活；C.families家庭；D.difficulties困难。根据语境可知，此处指“让一些人的生命更轻松了点”。故选B。【34题详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：我还是希望在那里能见到Albert，但是尽管我不想（看见他还在那里），我更喜欢想到有一双袜子会找到他。A.unless除非；B.until直到；C.evenif尽管；D.asif好像。根据句意可知，此处是让步关系。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还是希望在那里能见到Albert，但是尽管我不想（看见他还在那里），我更喜欢想到有一双袜子会找到他。A.suit适合；B.fit适合；C.match匹对；D.find找到。此处find是拟人的用法，指Albert总有一天会收到作者送出去的袜子，符合文意。故选D。三、阅读理解18.Dailyphysicalactivityisanimportantpartofahealthylifestyle.Forthisreason,manyarchitectsanddesignersareworkingtocreatebuildingsthatencouragepeopletomakeexerciseapartoftheirordinaryroutine.Themovementtopromotehealthyactivitythrougharchitectureiscalledactivedesign.Itbeganin1998aspartofauniversitypublichealthprogram,andithassincegainedpopularityincitiesaroundtheworld.Activedesignusesanumberoftechniquestoencouragetheoccupantsofabuildingtobemoreactive.Oneofthemostimportantstrategiesofactivedesignisinspiringpeopletomakewalkingpartoftheirroutine.Aparticularlysuccessfultoolforpromotingwalkingistheskip-stopelevator.Theseelevatorsstoponlyoneverysecondorthirdfloor,leavingriderstotakethestairsinordertoreachtheirdestination.Anotherstrategyofactivedesignistomakestairsmorepleasantandinviting.Insteadofcreatingdarkstairwellsthatarelocatedinisolatedpartsofbuildings,activedesignuseswell-litandcentrallyplacedstairstoencouragemorefoottraffic.Skip-stopelevatorsandappealingstairdesignarebotheffectivetoolsofactivedesignbecausetheyofferincentiveandopportunityforexercise.Infact,researchersstudyingabuildingthatemploysbothskip-stopelevatorsandmoreattractivestairdesignsaidthat70percentofbuildingoccupantsreportedusingthestairseveryday.Activedesignencouragesphysicalactivityusingnotonlytheinteriorfeaturesofabuilding,buttherelationshipbetweenabuildinganditssurroundingsaswell.Abuildingthatemploysactivedesignmayintegrateoutdoorspaceinordertomaketheenvironmentmoreengagingandpromotephysicalactivity.Someelementsthatarchitectsusetoincorporatetheexteriorwiththeinteriorareglasswalls,interiorgardensorparkspaces,andcourtyardswithopenceilings,allofwhichde-emphasizetheboundariesbetweeninsideandoutside.Theseelementsmakethebuildingmorephysicallyandmentallyinvigorating.Similarly,byincreasingthenumberofentrancesandexitstoabuilding,architectscanhelpkeepabuilding’susersinterestedintheirsurroundingsbyprovidingavarietyofroutesforthemtouse.Ifpeoplecontinuetobestimulatedbynewsightsorexperiences,theyarelesslikelytochoosethequickestandeasiestpathtotheirdestinationandmayinsteadchooseamorephysicallychallengingroute.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“incentive”inparagraph2mean?A.requirement

B.encouragementC.technique

D.assistance13.Whydoestheauthordiscussdarkstairwellsinparagraph2?A.Todemonstratethedifferencesbetweenelevatorandstairwelldesign.B.Todescribeoneadvantageofusingskip-stopelevatorsinbuildings.C.Tomakeapointaboutwhypeopledon’tusethestairsoften.D.Toarguethatskip-stopelevatorsmayleadtodesignfailures.14.WhichofthefollowingisNOTawaythatarchitectsweakentheboundarybetweenindoorandoutdoorspaces?A.Creatingmoreroutesforenteringandexiting.B.Buildinggardensinsidethebuilding.C.Creatingspaceswithopenceilings.D.Usingsee-throughmaterials.15.Howdoesparagraph2relatetoparagraph3inthepassage?A.Para2describesanearlymodelofadesigndiscussedinpara3.B.Para3arguesabouttheeffectivenessofthetechniquefrompara2.C.Para3introducesadifferentstrategythantheonediscussedinpara2.D.Para2explainsatechnique,andpara3givesexamplesofhowitisused.参考答案：12.B

13.C

14.A

15.C【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了日常体育活动是健康生活方式的重要组成部分。出于这个原因，许多建筑师和设计师都在努力建造一些建筑，鼓励人们把锻炼作为日常生活的一部分。【12题详解】词义猜测题。划线词所在的句子Skip-stopelevatorsandappealingstairdesignarebotheffectivetoolsofactivedesignbecausetheyofferincentiveandopportunityforexercise.跳停电梯和吸引人的楼梯设计都是积极设计的有效工具，因为它们提供了激励和锻炼的机会。划线的词与opportunity并列，都应该是表示积极意义的词，所以“incentive”意思是鼓励，A.requirement要求；B.encouragement鼓励；C.technique技巧；D.assistance帮助，故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第二段Anotherstrategyofactivedesignistomakestairsmorepleasantandinviting.Insteadofcreatingdarkstairwellsthatarelocatedinisolatedpartsofbuildings,activedesignuseswell-litandcentrallyplacedstairstoencouragemorefoottraffic.（积极设计的另一个策略是让楼梯更舒适、更吸引人。积极设计没有在建筑的孤立部分创建黑暗的楼梯井，而是使用采光良好的中央楼梯来鼓励更多的步行交通。）这正解释了人们为什么不经常走楼梯的原因，故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第三段Someelementsthatarchitectsusetoincorporatetheexteriorwiththeinteriorareglasswalls,interiorgardensorparkspaces,andcourtyardswithopenceilings,allofwhichde-emphasizetheboundariesbetweeninsideandoutside.（建筑师用来将室内外结合的一些元素包括玻璃墙、室内花园或公园空间，以及带有开放式天花板的庭院，所有这些都弱化了室内外的界限。）其中并没有提到“创建更多的进出路径”，故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第三段Activedesignencouragesphysicalactivityusingnotonlytheinteriorfeaturesofabuilding,buttherelationshipbetweenabuildinganditssurroundingsaswell.（积极设计鼓励身体活动，不仅要利用建筑物的内部特征，还要利用建筑物与其周围环境之间的关系。）这一句很好的把第二、三段进行了连接，第三段引入了与第二段中讨论的策略不同的策略，故选C。【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。小题2，答案定位在第二段Anotherstrategyofactivedesignistomakestairsmorepleasantandinviting.Insteadofcreatingdarkstairwellsthatarelocatedinisolatedpartsofbuildings,activedesignuseswell-litandcentrallyplacedstairstoencouragemorefoottraffic.（积极设计的另一个策略是让楼梯更舒适、更吸引人。积极设计没有在建筑的孤立部分创建黑暗的楼梯井，而是使用采光良好的中央楼梯来鼓励更多的步行交通。）这正解释了人们为什么不经常走楼梯的原因，故选C。19.Competitionisanideology(意识形态)thatspreadsalloveroursocietyandmisleadsourthinking.

Butitmeansnoprofitsforanybody,nomeaningfuldifferentiation,andastruggleforsurvival.

Weadvocatecompetition,seeitasnecessary,andsetitslaws;andasaresult,wetrapourselveswithinit—themorewecompete,thelesswegain.Oureducationalsystembothdrivesandreflectsourcrazeforcompetition.

Gradesaloneareprecisemeasurementofeachstudent'scompetitiveness;pupilswiththehighestmarksreceivestatusandcredits.

Anditgetsworseasstudentsrisetohigherlevelsofthetournament.

Highereducationistheplacewherepeoplewhohadbigplansinhighschoolgetstuckinfiercecompetitionwithequallysmartpeersoverconventionalcareerslikemanagementconsultingandinvestmentbanking.

Fortheprivilegeofbeingturningintoconformists(顺从者),students(ortheirfamilies)payhundredsofthousandsofdollarsinrapidlyrisingtuition.

Whyarewedoingthistoourselves?IwishIhadaskedmyselfwhenIwasyounger.

Mypathwassotrackedthatinmy8th-gradeyearbook,oneofmyfriendspredicted—accurately—thatfouryearslaterIwouldenterStanford.AndIenrolledatStanfordLawSchool,whereIcompetedevenharderforthestandardbadges(徽章)ofsuccess.

Thehighestprizeinalawstudent'sworldisunambiguous:theSupremeCourtclerkship.

Iwassoclosetowinningthislastcompetition.

IfonlyIgottheclerkship,Ithought,Iwouldbesetforlife.

ButIdidn't.

Atthetime,Iwasfrustrated.In2004,afterIhadbuiltandsoldPayPal,Iranintoanoldfriendwhohadhelpedmepreparemyfailedclerkshipapplications.Wehadn'tspokeninnearlyadecade.

Hisfirstwordstomewerenot“HiPeter”or“Howareyoudoing？”Butrather,“So,are