职称英语理工类概括大意加强练习(二)

职称英语理工类概括大意加强练习⑴

Thefridge

Thefridgeisconsideredanecessity.Ithasbeensosincethe1960swhen

packagedfoodfirstappearedwiththelabel:"storeintherefrigerator."

InmyfridgelessFiftieschildhood,Iwasfedwellandhealthily.Themilkman

camedaily,thegrocer,thebutcher,thebaker,andtheice-creammandeliveredtwo

orthreetimesaweek.TheSundaymeatwouldlastuntilWednesdayandsurplus

breadandmilkbecameallkindsofcakes.Nothingwaswastedandwewerenever

troubledbyrottenfood.Thirtyyearson,fooddeliverieshaveceased,fresh

vegetablesarealmostunobtainableinthecountry.

Whatrefrigerationdidpromotewasmarketing-marketinghardwareand

electricity,marketingsoftdrinks,marketingdeadbodiesofanimalsaroundtheglobe

insearchofagoodprice.

Consequently,mostoftheworld'sfridgesaretobefound,notinthetropics

wheretheymightproveuseful,butinthewealthycountrieswithmildtemperatures

wheretheyareclimaticallyalmostunnecessary.Everywinter,millionsoffridgeshum

awaycontinuously,andatvastexpanse,busilymaintaininganartificially-cooled

spaceinsideanartificially-heatedhouse-whileoutside,natureprovidesthedesired

temperaturefreeofcharge.

Thefridge/seffectupontheenvironmenthasbeenevident,whileits

contributiontohumanhappinesshasbeeninsignificant.Ifyoudon/tbelieveme,tryit

yourself.Investinafoodcabinetandturnoffyourfridgenextwinter.Youmaymiss

thehamburgersbutatleastyou/llgetrideofthatterriblehum.

1.Paragraph2A.Theinventionofthefridge

2.Paragraph4B.Thepollutioncausedbyfridges

3.Paragraph5C.Thewidespreadneedforfridges

4.Paragraph6D.Thedayswithoutthefridge

E.Thewasteofenergycausedbyfridges

5.Beforefridgescameintouse,itwasstillpossibleforpeopletohavefresh

foodsbecause.

6.Theinventionofthefridgehasnotprovidedanew,economicalwayinwhich

7.Animportantcontributionmadebytheinventionofthefridgeisthat

8.Ifyoustopusingthefridge,atleastyouwon/tbetroubledbythenoise

A.milk,meat,vegetables,etc.weredelivered

C.foodscanbepreserved

D.mostkidslikeicedsoftdrinks

E.everyhousewifeneedsfood

F.thefridgeproducedwhenitisworking

参考答案：

Passage1:

Thefridge

l.Do分析：段首句（观点句）说"在我童年的时候还没有冰箱，但是我吃的

很好，吃的是很健康的食物"，接着提到了“送奶工每天送奶，食品商等每周几

次的送货〃，这在内容上是具体说明“没有使用冰箱时生活的情况"，在该段最

后一句中提到“三十年过去了，供货者已经不再送食物（上门）了，.，'，结合该句

内容不难推断该段中前面部分的主要内容是有关“没有冰箱"时生活情况的描述,

因此判断D（没有冰箱的日子）是答案。

3.Eo分析：该段段首句很长，但是注意到段首句中出现了由转折词but所

引导的转折句（段首句/段未句中的转折分句处的句意往往很可能是段落的主题

句），该部分内容说"但是（世界上绝大多数的冰箱被发现是用在那些气候温和的,

富有国家里，这些国家从气候上说几乎是没有必要使用冰箱。）"，借助这部分

内容判断E（由冰箱所造成的能源浪费）是答案的选项。

5.Ao分析：空格所在句子的基本时态（主句时态）是一般过去时，所以空格

所在的结构（从句结构）应该是过去时态的一种，所以只有A,D,F可能是答案。

从搭配语意（在冰箱开始使用之前，因为牛奶，肉，蔬菜等食物都会送上门，所

以人们仍然可能获得新鲜的食物。）上看，A最合适。

6.Co分析：从搭配语意（冰箱的发明并没有提供出一种新型的，经济的方

法来保存食物。）上看，C最合适。

7.Bo分析：空格前面部分的内容说“冰箱的发明所作出的一个重要的贡献

是...〃，我们在解答概括大意部分的题时，已经了解到“市场销售/贸易'是"冰箱的

贡献〃，对比剩下的选项，判断B（冰箱促进了各种商品的销售）是答案。

8.Fo分析：空格前面部分的内容说“如果你停止使用冰箱，至少你不会被…

噪音所影响。”，从搭配语意上直接选择F（当冰箱工作时产生的）。

职称英语理工类概括大意加强练习⑷

TeachYourChildScience

1Itisimportanttomakeyourchildinterestedinsciencefromanearlyage.

Mostyoungchildrenaskalotofquestionsandyoushouldgivecarefulscientific

answers.Don'tonlygivefacts,buttrytogiveexplanationsaswell.

3Askyourchildtogetapieceofstring,somesalt,aglassofwaterandanice

cube（冰块）.Tellhertoputtheiceinthewater,andthenputoneendofthestring

ontheice,leavingtheotherendoverthesideoftheglass.Putalittlesaltontheice.

Waitaminute,andthenpullthestring;itshouldbeattachedtotheice.Askthechild:

"whathashappened?"

4Probablyshewon'tknow.Askherwhetherfreshwaterorsaltwaterfreezes

intoicefirst.Ifyouliveneartheseaandhaveacoldwinter,sheshouldknowfresh

waterfreezesfirstasshewillhaveseenthathappen.Showherhowtotesttheidea

byhalf-fillingtwopapercupswithwater,addingsalttoone.Thenputtheminthe

iceboxandcheckeverythreeminutes.Writetheresultsinatable.Theconclusion

willbethatsaltchangesthebehaviourofwater.'Thinkingaboutthestring,wesee

thesaltturnedsomeoftheiceintowater.Thenthesaltwentawayintothewater

andtheicefrozeagainleavingthestringattached.

5Thenyoucanask,"Willwaterwithsaltboilatthesametemperatureas

waterwithoutsalt?"Shecanthink,tellyouherideaand(takingcarebecauseofthe

heat)youcantestitinthekitchen.

23Paragraph1

24Paragraph2

25Paragraph3

26Paragraph4

AWhatexactlyisscience?

BHowdoyoufindanexplanation?

CWhattopicsdoyouneed?

DHowdoyouansweryourchild'squestions?

EWheredoesyourchildstudyscience?

FHowdoyousetuptheexperimentonsaltandwater?

27Whenyourchildasksyouquestions,youshouldgiveher

28Wesetupexperimentstotestourideasabout

29Intheexperiment,oneendofthestringwasattachedto

30Theexperimentshowsthatsaltchangesthebehaviourof

Atheicebox

Btheice

Cscientificanswers

Dtheexperiment

Etheworld

Fwater

答案与解析：

1.分析文章主题：teachyourchildScience

2.分析被选项小标题：

AWhatexactlyisscience?

BHowdoyoufindanexplanation?

CWhattopicsdoyouneed?

DHowdoyouansweryourchild'squestions?

EWheredoesyourchildstudyscience?

FHowdoyousetuptheexperimentonsaltandwater?

3.直接解题：

AWhatexactlyisscience?

BHowdoyoufindanexplanation?

CWhattopicsdoyouneed?

DHowdoyouansweryourchild'squestions?

EWheredoesyourchildstudyscience?

FHowdoyousetuptheexperimentonsaltandwater?

23Paragraph1

答案：Do（child是段落主题词）

1Itisimportanttomakeyourchildinterestedinsciencefromanearlyage.

Mostyoungchildrenaskalotofquestionsandyoushouldgivecarefulscientific

answers.Don'tonlygivefacts,buttrytogiveexplanationsaswell.

AWhatexactlyisscience?

BHowdoyoufindanexplanation?

CWhattopicsdoyouneed?

EWheredoesyourchildstudyscience?

FHowdoyousetuptheexperimentonsaltandwater?

24Paragraph2

答案：Ao

BHowdoyoufindanexplanation?

CWhattopicsdoyouneed?

EWheredoesyourchildstudyscience?

FHowdoyousetuptheexperimentonsaltandwater?

25Paragraph3

答案；F（water,salt是段落主题词）

3Askyourchildtogetapieceofstring,somesalt,aglassofwaterandanice

cube（冰块）.Tellhertoputtheiceinthewater,andthenputoneendofthestring

ontheice,leavingtheotherendoverthesideoftheglass.Putalittlesaltontheice.

Waitaminute,andthenpullthestring;itshouldbeattachedtotheice.Askthechild:

"whathashappened?"

BHowdoyoufindanexplanation?

CWhattopicsdoyouneed?

EWheredoesyourchildstudyscience?

26Paragraph4

答案：B（排除法）

4Probablyshewon'tknow.Askherwhetherfreshwaterorsaltwaterfreezes

intoicefirst.Ifyouliveneartheseaandhaveacoldwinter,sheshouldknowfresh

waterfreezesfirstasshewillhaveseenthathappen.Showherhowtotesttheidea

byhalf-fillingtwopapercupswithwater,addingsalttoone.Thenputtheminthe

iceboxandcheckeverythreeminutes.Writetheresultsinatable.Theconclusion

willbethatsaltchangesthebehaviorofwater.'Thinkingaboutthestring,weseethe

saltturnedsomeoftheiceintowater.Thenthesaltwentawayintoit

职称英语理工类概括大意加强练习⑺

VoltsfromtheSky

Lightninghascausedaweandwondersinceoldtimes.AlthoughBenjamin

Franklindemonstratedlightningasenormouselectricaldischargemorethan200

yearsago,manypuzzlesstillsurroundthispowerfulphenomenon.

Thunderisgeneratedbythetremendousheatreleasedinalightningdischarge.

Temperaturesnearthedischargecanreachashighas507000°Fwithinthousandthsof

asecond.Thissuddenheatingactsasanexplosion,generatingshockwaveswehear

asthunder.

About2,000thunderstormsareoccurringintheworldatanytime,generating

about100lightingstrikeseverysecond,or8milliondaily.WithintheUnitedStates,

lightningstrikesareestimatedat20millionayear,orabout22,000perday.Youhave

al-in-600z000chanceofbringstruckbylightningduringyourlifetime.Lightningcan

striketwiceormoreinthesamespot.TheEmpireStateBuildinginNewYorkisstruck

bylightningabouttwodozentimesannually.

Youcanmeasurehowfaryouarefromalightningstrikebycountingthe

secondsbetweenviewingtheflashandhearingthebang,andthendividingbyfive.

Thisapproximatesthemileage.

练习：1-4题的要求是，从第一个方框的六个选项A、B、C、D、E、F中选出

四个选项为注明的段落各配一个合适的小标题。5-8题的要求是，从第二个方框

的六个选项A、B、C、D、E、F中选出四个选项完成每个句子。

1.Paragraphs2and3

2.Paragraph4

3.Paragraph5

4.Paragraph6

ACloud-to-groundlightningoccurringintheU.S.

BTypesoflightning

CCauseoflightning

DDifferencesbetweenthunderandthunderstorm

EFrequenciesofthunderstormsoccurringintheworldandtheU.S.

FShockwavesasthunder

5.Inmostcasesofcloud-to-groundlightning,theground'ssurface...

6.Oneformoflightningthat...isballlightning...

7.Cloudlightninglookslikearibbonwhenitslightingchannel...

8.Althoughnotfullyunderstandingprocessesoflightning,man...

Aoccursmostinfrequently.

Bisshiftedsidewaysbystrongwinds.

Cisoftenhiddenfromourview.

Disequippedwithagoodknowledgeofvariousformsoflightning.

Eisestimatedat20millionsayear.

Fispositivelycharged.

KEYS:CBFEFABD

职称英语理工类概括大意加强练习⑸

TheScienceofSport

1Atthe2004OlympicGamesinAthens,theChineseathleteLiuXiangequaled

theworldrecordforthe110metreshurdles（跨栏）whenherantheracein12.91

seconds.Thisrecordtimehadbeensetin1993byBritishsprinter（短跑运动员）Colin

Jacksonand9yearswentbybeforeanotherathletewasabletorunasfast.

2Record-breakinginalltrackeventsisslowingdownandweappeartobe

movingmuchclosertothelimitsofhumanperformance.Nevertheless,everyfour

years,recordswhichwerepreviouslythoughttobeunbeatablearebroken.Sowhat's

behindthisnever-endingimprovementinperformance?Andhowlongcanwekeep

breakingrecords?Istherealimittohumanperformanceorwillathletescontinueto

gainseconds?

3Mostexpertsagreethatitisn'ttheathletes'bodieswhichhavechangedbut

thehugeadvancesinsportsciencewhichhaveenabledthemtoimprovetheir

performances.Theindividualathleteobviouslyhastohavethenecessaryskilland

determinationtosucceed,butthehelpofscienceandtechnologycanbesignificant.

Researchhasbroughtabetterunderstandingoftheathlete'sbodyandmindbutthe

advancesinsportsequipmenttechnologyhavealsohadanimportantimpacton

humanperformance.

4Scientistshaveshownthatanathlete'sbody'sneedsvaryaccordingtothe

typeofsport.Thisresearchhashelpedtopsportspeopletoadapttheirtraining

programmeanddietbettertotheirparticularneeds.Runningthemarathonand

cycling,forexample,areendurance（耐力）sportsandrequireadifferentparathion

（硝苯硫磷脂）tothatofa100-metresprinter.Insomesports,changesintechniques

havesignificantlyimprovedperformance.

23Paragraph2

24Paragraph3

25Paragraph4

26Paragraph5

ASciencemaybetooimportanttoday.

BSportsequipmenthasbeenimprovedalot.

CAthletesarestillbreakingrecords.

DSportsciencehelpsimproveathletes'performances.

EMentaltrainingisasimportantasphysicaltraining.

FDifferentsportsrequiredifferenttrainingprograms.

27Itismoredifficultfortoday'sathletes

28Wedon'tknowifthereisalimit.

29Researchhashelpedcoaches.

30Scientificadvancesaresuspected

Atobreakrecords

Btobetterunderstandtheathlete'sbodyandmind

Ctotimeandspace

Dtobereplacingthesportingchallenge

Etohumanperformance

Ftoavoidpsychologicaltechniques

答案与解析：

分析文章标题：thescienceofsports分析被选项小标题:

ASciencemaybetooimportanttoday.

BSportsequipmenthasbeenimprovedalot.

CAthletesarestillbreakingrecords.

DSportsciencehelpsimproveathletes'performances.

EMentaltrainingisasimportantasphysicaltraining.

FDifferentsportsrequiredifferenttrainingprograms.

直接解题：

ASciencemaybetooimportanttoday.

BSportsequipmenthasbeenimprovedalot.

CAthletesarestillbreakingrecords.

DSportsciencehelpsimproveathletes'performances.

EMentaltrainingisasimportantasphysicaltraining.

FDifferentsportsrequiredifferenttrainingprograms.

23Paragraph2

答案;C（breakrecords是段落主题词）

2Record-breakinginalltrackeventsisslowingdownandweappeartobe

movingmuchclosertothelimitsofhumanperformance.Nevertheless,everyfour

years,recordswhichwerepreviouslythoughttobeunbeatablearebroken.Sowhat's

behindthisnever-endingimprovementinperformance?Andhowlongcanwekeep

breakingrecords?Istherealimittohumanperformanceorwillathletescontinueto

gainseconds?

ASciencemaybetooimportanttoday.

BSportsequipmenthasbeenimprovedalot.

DSportsciencehelpsimproveathletes'performances.

EMentaltrainingisasimportantasphysicaltraining.

FDifferentsportsrequiredifferenttrainingprograms.

24Paragraph3

答案：E（段首句是段落主题句）

3Mostexpertsagreethatitisn'ttheathletes'bodieswhichhavechangedbut

thehugeadvancesinsportsciencewhichhaveenabledthemtoimprovetheir

performances.Theindividualathleteobviouslyhastohavethenecessaryskilland

determinationtosucceed,butthehelpofscienceandtechnologycanbesignificant.

Researchhasbroughtabetterunderstandingoftheathlete'sbodyandmindbutthe

advancesinsportsequipmenttechnologyhavealsohadanimportantimpacton

humanperformance.

ASciencemaybetooimportanttoday.

BSportsequipmenthasbeenimprovedalot.

EMentaltrainingisasimportantasphysicaltraining.

FDifferentsportsrequiredifferenttrainingprograms.

25Paragraph4

答案：F（段首句是段落主题句）

4Scientistshaveshownthatanathlete'sbody'sneedsvaryaccordingtothe

typeofsport.Thisresearchhashelpedtopsportspeopletoadapttheirtraining

programme

职称英语理工类概括大意加强练习(9)

Paris

Paris,thecapitalandthelargestcityofthecountry,isinnorthcentralFrance.

TheParismetropolitanareacontainsnearly20%ofthenation'spopulationandisthe

economic,cultural,andpoliticalcenterofFrance.TheFrenchgovernmentshave

historicallyfavoredthecityasthesiteforalldecisionmaking,thuspowerfully

attractingnearlyallofthenation/sactivities.

Parishasgrownsteadilysinceitwaschosenasthenationalcapitalinthelate

10thcentury.WiththeintroductionoftheIndustrialRevolution,agreatnumberof

peoplemovedtothecityfromthecountryduringthe19thcentury.Themigration

wasespeciallystimulatedbytheconstructionofrailroads,whichprovidedeasy

accesstothecapital.AfterWorldWarIImoreandmoreimmigrantsarrived.

Thecityisthecentralizedcontrolpointofmostnationalradioandtelevision

broadcasting.Itisaplaceofpublicationofthemostprestigiousnewspapersand

magazinesandaninternationalbookpublishingcenter.Withmorethan100

museums,Parishastrulybeenoneofthegreatestconcentrationsofarttreasuresin

theworld.TheLouver,openedasamuseumin1793,isoneofthelargestmuseums

intheworld.

Inthelate1980sabout4.1millionpupilsannuallyattendedabout47,000

elementaryschools.Inaddition,about5.4millionstudentsattendedsome11,200

secondaryschools.Approximately1.2millionstudentswereenrolledannuallyat

universitiesandcollegesinFranceinthelate1980s.Frenchcentersoflearninghave

servedasacademicmodelsthroughouttheworld.

练习

1.Paragraph?.

2.Paragraphs.

3.Paragraph4.

4.Paragraphs.

AHistoryofthecity

BIndustriesofthecity

CPopulationgrown

DEducation

ECulturalcenter

FImmigration

5.Parishasinhistorybeenthecenterof

6.Sincethe10thcentury,thepopulationofParis

7.Manyvaluableworksofart

8.ParisisnotonlythecenterofeducationofFrance,butalsothe

center.

AcanbefoundinParis

Bthemajoreventsofthenation

Cofthecountry'sindustries

Dalotofcinemasandtheaters

Ehasbeengrowingsteadily

Fhasbeendecreasingrapidly

Key:CEDBBEAC

职称英语理工类概括大意加强练习⑶

NiceNameButShe'sSoDeadly

1MorethanamillionpeopleintheUnitedStatesweretoldtoleavetheir

homesovertheweekendasHurricane（飓风）DennisheadedtotheGulfcoast,after

killingatleast15peopleintheCaribbeanSea.

2Ifyoureadthenewsoftenenoughsyoumaynoticethatallhurricanesare

givennames.Whyisthat?Remember,therecanbemorethanonehurricane

operatingatonetime.Withoutnamingthem,wecouldgetconfusedaboutwhich

stormwe'retalkingabout.

3Forhundredsofyears,hurricanesintheCaribbeanwerenamedafterthe

particularreligiousdayonwhichtheyoccurred.OneAustralianmeteorologist（气象

学家）begangivingwomen'snamestotropicalstormsattheendofthe19thcentury.

In1953,theUSNationalWeatherService,whichisresponsiblefortracking

hurricanesandissuingwarnings,beganusingfemalenamesforstorms.Byi979,both

womenandmen'snameswerebeingused.Onenameforeachletterofthealphabet

（字母表）jsselected,exceptforQ,UandZ.

4Sowhodecideswhichnamesareused'eachyear?TheWorldMeteorological

Organizationusessixlistsinrotation,soeachlistisreusedeverysixyears.

5Here'salistofthe2005Atlantichurricanes,accordingtotheUSNational

HurricaneCentre:Arlene,Bret,Cindy,Dennis,Emily,Franklin,Gert,Harvey,Irene,

Jose,Katrina,Lee,Maria,Nate,Ophelia,Philippe,Rita,Stan,Tammy,Vince,Wilma.

23Paragraph1

24Paragraph2

25Paragraph3

26Paragraph4

AReasonfornaminghurricanes

BWarningofanapproachinghurricane

CDeadlywomen

DHistoryofnaminghurricanes

EOrganizationresponsiblefornaminghurricanes

FWaystotrackhurricanes

27Overamillionpeoplewerewarnednot

28TheresponsibilityoftheUSNationalWeatherServiceis

29Hurricanesaregivennames.

30Attheendo[the19thcentury,women'snamesstarted.

Atotrackhurricanesandissuewarnings

Btoavoidconfusion

Ctostayathome

Dtobegiventotropicalstorms

Etomakepredictions

Ftokillatleast15people

答案及解析

1.分析文章标题：NiceNameButShe'sSoDeadly

1MorethanamillionpeopleintheUnitedStatesweretoldtoleavetheir

homesovertheweekendasHurricane（飓风）DennisheadedtotheGulfcoast,after

killingatleast15peopleintheCaribbeanSea.

2Ifyoureadthenewsoftenenough,youmaynoticethatallhurricanesare

givennames.Whyisthat?Remember,therecanbemorethanonehurricane

operatingatonetime.Withoutnamingthem,wecouldgetconfusedaboutwhich

stormwe'retalkingabout.

3Forhundredsofyears,hurricanesintheCaribbeanwerenamedafterthe

particularreligiousdayonwhichtheyoccurred.OneAustralianmeteorologist（气象

学家）begangivingwomen'snamestotropicalstormsattheendofthe19thcentury.

In1953,theUSNationalWeatherService,whichisresponsiblefortracking

hurricanesandissuingwarnings,beganusingfemalenamesforstorms.Byi979,both

womenandmen'snameswerebeingused.Onenameforeachletterofthealphabet

（字母表）isselected,exceptforQ,UandZ.

4Sowhodecideswhichnamesareused'eachyear?TheWorldMeteorological

Organizationusessixlistsinrotation,soeachlistisreusedeverysixyears.

5Here'salistofthe2005Atlantichurricanes,accordingtotheUSNational

HurricaneCentre:Arlene,Bret,Cindy,Dennis,Emily,Franklin,Gert,Harvey,Irene,

Jose,Katrina,Lee,Maria,Nate,Ophelia,Philippe,Rita,Stan,Tammy,Vince,Wilma.

2.分析小标题被选项：

AReasonfornaminghurricanes

BWarningofanapproachinghurricane

CDeadlywomen(*)

DHistoryofnaminghurricanes

EOrganizationresponsiblefornaminghurricanes

FWaystotrackhurricanes

3.直接解题：

23Paragraph1

答案：Bo

1MorethanamillionpeopleintheUnitedStatesweretoldtoleavetheir

homesovertheweekendasHurricane(飓风)DennisheadedtotheGulfcoast,after

killingatleast15peopleintheCaribbeanSea.

AReasonfornaminghurricanes

CDeadlywomen(*)

DHistoryofnaminghurricanes

EOrganizationresponsiblefornaminghurricanes

FWaystotrackhurricanes

24Paragraph2

答案：：(段落主题词：在段落中没有分

AnameoHistory,organization

别对应的细节信息)

2Ifyoureadthenewsoftenenough,youmaynoticethatallhurricanesare

givennames.Whyisthat?Remember,therecanbemorethanonehurricane

operatingatonetime.Withoutnamingthem,wecouldgetconfusedaboutwhich

stormwe'retalkingabout.

CDeadlywomen(*)

DHistoryofnaminghurricanes

EOrganizationresponsiblefornaminghurricanes

FWaystotrackhurricanes

25Paragraph3

答案：D（name是段落主题词，段落中出现了与“历史"呼应的细节信息）

3Forhundredsofyears,hurricanesintheCaribbeanwerenamedafterthe

particularreligiousdayonwhichtheyoccurred.OneAustralianmeteorologist（气象

学家）begangivingwomen'snamestotropicalstormsattheendofthe19thcentury.

In1953,theUSNationalWeatherService,whichisresponsiblefortracking

hurricanesandissuingwarnings,beganusingfemalenamesforstorms.Byi979,both

womenandmen'snameswerebeingused.Onenameforeachletterofthealphabet

（字母表）jsselected,exceptforQ,UandZ.

CDeadlywomen（*）

EOrganizationresponsiblefornaminghurrica

职称英语理工类概括大意加强练习⑵

MoreThan8HoursSleepTooMuchofaGoodThing

Althoughthedangersoftoolittlesleeparewidelyknown，newresearch

suggeststhatpeoplewhosleeptoomuchmayalsosuffertheconsequences.

InvestigatorsattheUniversityofCaliforniainSanDiegofoundthatpeoplewho

clockup9or10hourseachweeknightappeartohavemoretroublefallingand

stayingasleep,aswellasanumberofothersleepproblems,thanpeoplewhosleep

8hoursanight.Peoplewhosleptonly7hourseachnightalsosaidtheyhadmore

troublefallingasleepandfeelingrefreshedafteranightssleepthan8-hoursleepers.

Thesefindings,whichDLDanielKripkereportedinthejournalPsychosomatic

Medicine,demonstratethatpeoplewhowanttogetagoodnightsrestmaynot

needtosetaside。morethan8hoursanight.Headdedmightbeagood

ideauforpeoplewhosleepmorethan8hourseachnighttoconsiderreducingthe

amountoftimetheyspendinbed,butcautionedthatmoreresearchisneededto

confirmthis.

Previousstudieshaveshownthepotentialdangersofchronicshortagesofsleep

一forinstance,onereportdemonstratedthatpeoplewhohabituallysleeplessthan

7hourseachnighthaveahigherriskofdyingwithinafixedperiodthanpeoplewho

sleepmore.

Forthecurrentreport,Kripkereviewedtheresponsesof1,004adultstosleep

questionnaires,inwhichparticipantsindicatedhowmuchtheysleptduringtheWeek

andwhethertheyexperiencedanysleepproblems.Sleepproblemsincludedwaking

inthemiddleofthenight,arisingearlyinthemorningandbeingunabletofallback

tosleep,andhavingfatigueinterferewithday-to-dayfunctioning.

KriDkefoundthatpeoplewhosleptbetween9and10hourseachnightwere

morelikelytoreportexperiencingeachsleepproblemthanpeoplewhoslept8

hours.Inaninterview,Kripkenotedthatlongsleepersmaystruggletogetrestat

nightsimplybecausetheyspendtoomuchtimeinbed.Asevidence,headdedthat

onewaytohelpinsomniaistospendlesstimeinbed."Itstandstoreasonthatifa

personspendstoolongatimeinbed,thenthey'llspendahigherpercentageoftime

awake.Hhesaid.

1.Paragraph2.

2.Paragraph4.

3.Paragraph5.

4.Paragraph6.

A.Keprike'sresearchtool

B.DangersofHabitualshortagesofsleep

C.CriticismonKripke/sreport

E.Sleepproblemsoflongandshortsleepers

F.Classificationofsleepproblems

5.Togetagoodnightsrest,peoplemaynotneedto,

6.Longsleepersarereportedtobemorelikelyto,

7.Oneofthesleepproblemsiswakinginthemiddleofthenight,unableto

8.Onesurveyshowedthatpeoplewhohabituallyeachnighthaveahigher

riskofdying.

Afallasleepagain.

Csleeplessthan7hours

Dconfirmthoseseriousconsequences

Esuffersleepproblems

Fsleepmorethan8hours

参考答案:

MoreThan8HoursSleepTooMuchofaGoodThing

1.E：Investigators...foundthatpeoplewhoclockup9or10hourseach

weeknightappeartohavemoretroublefalling,than...该句回应了文章的主题一睡

眠时间太长不是好事;对应被选项发现只有E和F与这个内容有关系，但段落最后

一句中又提到了睡眠不足的人的问题，因此判断E是答案（睡眠长和睡眠短的人所

面临的睡眠问题）。

2.B.分析：段落的结构--Previousstudieshaveshownthepotentialdangersof

chronicshortagesofsleep-fo门nstance..表明了该段的中心是讲述“长期睡眠不足

的潜在危险〃

3.A.分析：对于该段落答案的选择具有一定的迷惑性，A和F容易相互成为

干扰项，但由于段落中提到的“睡眠问题〃是属于问卷上要回答的内容，是和

Keprike的直接研究有关，所以判断A是答案，同时推测F可能是干扰项。

4.D：段落中出现的Kripkefound,Kripkenoted和headded表明"Kripke的

观点和态度应该是该段的中心"，对比被选项排除C（段落中没有出现批评的话语）

和F（段落中没有具体提到睡眠问题的表现形式），而段落最后第2句提到了克服

失眠的方法一一少花时间在床上，与D呼应。

5E分析：根据搭配结构needtod。sth.判断所有选项都在语法上合适。借助

搭配句意：“为了获得晚上好的休息，人们没有必要。。”判断F（睡眠超过8小时）。

6.E.分析：借助搭配句意："睡眠时间长的人根据报道更有可能。。〃，并结

合文章主题一睡眠时间长不是好事情，判断E合适。也可借助文章中的相关内容

（利用题干中的Longsleepe