2022-2023年陕西省西安市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)

2022-2023年陕西省西安市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

SomeravensinNorthAmericaapplytheirintelligenceforthegoodoftheflockby______theotherstohisfoodstore.

2.

Mothers'gettingolderand______couldalsoaccountfortheobesityepidemic.

3.

100caloriesinacanofsodaequalsto______.

A.200,000regularcalories

B.200kilocalories

C.100kilocalories

D.4,184joules

4.

Usingtechnologyisaneasywaytoshop.

A.YB.NC.NG

5.

Accordingtothepassage,tubewormsliveon______.

6.

ThevaccinemadebyMerck&Cowashaltedinthatitmight______.

7.

Mr.Bellavancecashedouthispension,soldhishouseandunloadedthingshedidn'tneedatgarageafterlosinghisjobinordertochangehisfinancesinto_______________mode.

8.

Whatiscausingthesixthgreatextinctionaccordingtothepolling?

A.Fiveextinctionwavesinthehistory.

B.ThePermianandtheCretaceousevent.

C.Anerrantasteroidandsomevolcanoes.

D.Thehumanbeings.

9.

Individualscancontributedirectlytosolvingtheproblemofaciddepositionby______.

10.

Whatwillhappentoaperson'shealthinsuranceafteranearlyretirement?

A.Hewilllosealltheprotectionagainstmedicalproblem.

B.Hewillbecoveredbythesamepolicyforacertaintime.

C.Hedoesn'thavetopayforthehealthinsuranceanylonger.

D.Heonlyhastopaypartofhismonthlyinsurancepremium.

11.

MoreandmorepeopleintheU.S.tendtoidentifyasAmericanIndianspartlybecausethey______.

12.

Inmanycases,theinternallydisplacedarevirtuallythosewhoare______.

13.

Historywasshownthatthebeliefthat______isdangerous.

14.

______tellsyouhowtoalternateyourspeedtosmoothyourdriving.

15.

Theconvergencecriteriainvolvegovernmentbudgetdeficit,outstandinggovernmentdebt,inflation,nominallong-terminterestrateand______________________.

16.

BeforeChantakesherofficetheU.N.agencywillbeledbyDr.AndersNordstromofSwedenwhowasappointedas______inMay.

17.

Thermiceffectoffoodcostsyou______ofallthecaloriesyouconsumeinaday.

18.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispartyouwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1～7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8～10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

SoundEffects

Snorers(打鼾的人)havealwaysbeenmadejokes.Incartoons,theirnasal(鼻子的)roarliftstheroofoffhouses.Insituationcomedies,there'sthewifewhorollshereyesathersnoringbedmate.Butinreality,it'snotallthatfunny.Infact,snoringcanbeanightmareforsnorersandtheirtroubledpartners,whomaywakeupseveraltimesanighttopoke,andmaybehoistlovedonesontotheirsidesforalittlerelief.

RisksofSnoringProblems

Butthenightlyracketismorethanapotentialrelationshipstrain.Accordingtothelatestresearch,anincreasinglyolderandheavierpopulationmaymakethisconditionanevengreaterahealthriskthanwepreviouslythought.ForMaggieMoss-Tucker,successfultreatmentforalongtimesnoringproblemcamealmostbyaccident.Onefallmorningin2005,shesawasignatherlocalgymseekingsnorersasvolunteersforastudyatBoston'sBrigham&Women'sHospital.Moss-Tucker,now56,wasintrigued.Shehadstartedsnoringnearlyadecadeearlier."I'dtriedeverythingtostop,"shesays,fromsleepinguprighttousingnosestripsoramouthguard.Buttoherandherhusband'sdismay,nothingworked.WhenshesignedupforthestudyandspentanightatasuburbanBostonsleeplab,shefoundoutwhy.

Afterreviewinghersleeppatternsandoxygenlevels,researcherstoldherthathersnoringwasactuallyanindicationofsomethingworse.Shesufferedfromasleepapnea(呼吸暂停),aconditioninwhichpatientsstopbreathingrepeatedlyastheysleepandcanwakeupasmanyas100timesanightoftenwithoutrememberingit.Thatkindofrevelationhasledtodoctorsre-evaluatingaconditiononcetreatedaslittlemorethananuisance."Inthepast,snoringhasbeentreatedlikeajokingmatter;younevertalkedaboutitwithyourdoctor,"saysDr.DavidRapoport,medicaldirectoroftheSleepDisordersCenteratNewYorkUniversityMedicalCenter."Butwhenitbecomesveryprominentorsuchthatitwakesyouuporinterfereswithbreathing,itcanbeaproblem."

Sleepapnea,inwhichtheairwaybecomesblockedor,lessoften,thebrainfailstoproperlycontrolbreathingduringsleeping,canbeviewedasoneextremeofthesnoringspectrum.Softsnoring,whichisnotgenerallyconsideredahealthhazard,wouldbeattheotherend.Asthesoundandpersistenceofapatient'ssnoringgrows,sodothehealthconcerns.AstudypublishedintheMarch1issueofthejournalSleepfoundthatloudsnorershada40percentgreaterriskthannon-snorersofsufferingfromhighbloodpressure,34percentgreateroddsofhavingaheartattackanda67percentgreaterchanceofhavingastroke.

That'saproblemgiventhenumberofnoisysleepersoutthere.InarecentpollbytheNationalSleepFoundation,aboutonethirdofUSworkingadultsreportedsnoringatleastafewnightsinthepreviousmonth.Snoringgenerallyworsenswithagesotherateisevenhigheramongtheelderly.And,contrarytocommonperceptions,it'snearlyascommoninwomenasmen.Menopause(更年期)appearstobeafactor,asisweight.Beingoverweightcancausethicknessintheairwaytube,holdingbacktheflowofoxygen.

TreatmentofSnoringProblems

Yetmanywhoregularlysnoredon'trealizethatitcouldbebadfortheirhealth.Theresearchlinkinghypertension,cardiacproblemsandloudsnoringisrelativelynew.Andthoughawarenessofs

A.thecausesofsnoringproblems

B.thetreatmentsofsnoringproblems

C.therisksofsnoringproblems

D.thehazardsandthetreatmentsofsnoringproblems

19.

Thegreatnumberofpatientsvisitingthecomplementary-medicinecenteratNewYork'sHospitalforSpecialSurgeryreflects______intheUS.

20.

TheU.S.RubberCompanyismakingtestsofmodelingtheelasticskinofadolphinfor_____.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.(26)

A.Oneweek.B.Onemonth.C.Twodays.D.Threedays.

22.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Whydowecry?Canyouimaginealifewithouttears?Notonlydotearskeepyoureyeslubricated,theyalsocontaina【B1】______thatkillscertain【B2】______sotheycan'tinfectyoureyes.Giveupyourtears,andyoulosethisonthespotdefense.Norwouldyouwanttogiveupthefloodof【B3】______tearsyouproducewhenyougetsomethingphysicalorchemicalinyoureyes.Tearsareverygoodatwashingthis【B4】______stuffout.Anotherthingyoucouldn'tdowithoutyourtearsiscryfromjoy,anger,orsadness.Humansaretheonlyanimalsthatproducetearsinresponseto【B5】______.Andmotpeoplesayagoodcrymakessomefeelbetter.Manyscientists,therefore,believethatcrying【B6】______helpsuscopewiththeemotionalsituations.Tear【B7】______,WilliamFredistryingtofigureouthowithappens."One【B8】______",hesays,"isthattearsdischargecertainchemicalsfromyourbody".【B9】___________________________,hesays.

IfFredisright,【B10】_________________________?Boys,forexample,cryonlyaboutaquarterasoftenasgirlsoncetheyreachtheirteenageyears.Andweallcryalotlessnowthanwedidasbabies.Coulditpossiblybethatwefacelessstress?【B11】______________________.

【B1】

23.听力原文：W:Henry,whydon'twegoouttolunchtodayandvisitsomefriends?

M:Andmisstoday'sfootballgame?WashingtonandLosAngelesareplayingandthiswillbeoneofthebestgamesoftheyear

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(13)

A.Heisgoingtojoininthegame.

B.HeisgoingtoWashingtonandLosAngeles.

C.Hewantstowatchthefootballgame.

D.Hedoesn'tcareifhemissesthegame.

24.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：WehavetendedtoviewYogaasakindofforeignreligiousexercisebutinfactfromamedicalstandpoint,theage-oldsetofexercisesknownintheWestas"yoga"offersasignificantvarietyofhealthbenefits.Itincreasestheefficiencyoftheheartandslowstherespiratoryrate,improvesfitness,lowersbloodpressure,promotesrelaxation,reducesstress,andallaysanxiety.Itisnot,initself,acureforanymedicalailment.Atypicalsessionincludesthreedisciplines:breathingexercises,bodypostures,andmeditation.Youmayalsobegivenadviceonnutritionandlifestyle.Eachsessionusuallybeginswithasetofgentlewarming-upexercises.Theteacherwillthenaskyoutofocusonyourbreathing,andmaytakeyouthroughseveralbreathingexercises.Attheverylast,youwillbeaskedtobreathethroughyournose,evenlythroughbothnostrils.Thenit'sontotheyogapostures,aseriesofposesthattypicallymustbeheldforperiodsofafewsecondsorseveralminutes.Asyouassumethevariouspostures,youwillbeaskedtomovegently,withoutjerkingorbouncing.Breathingtechniquesremainimportant.Youwillneedtofocusonexhalingduringcertainmovementsandinhalingduringothers.Likewise,asyouholdcertainpostures,youmaybeinstructedtoinhalethroughonenostrilandexhalethroughtheother.Youwillbeallowedtorestaftereverythreeorfourpostures,andattheconclusionoftheexercises,thereisusuallyaperiodofrestormeditation.

(27)

A.ThebestwaytodoYoga.

B.Thetypicalprocessofyoga.

C.ThemedicalbenefitsofYoga.

D.TherelationshipbetweenhealthandYoga.

25.

【B7】

26.听力原文：W:Couldyoufillitupwiththeunleaded?

M:Sure.Doyouwantmetocheckunderthehood?

Q:Whatkindofworkdoesthemando?

(18)

A.Heisaplumber.

B.Heisadentist.

C.Heisagasstationattendant.

D.Heisanengineer.

27.

【B4】

28.听力原文：W:Hi,Kevin.YourroommatetoldmethatIcouldfindyouattheTV.Whatareyoudoinghere?

M:WhatdoesitlooklikeIamdoing?

W:Well,itlookslikeyouarewatchingtelevision.(23)Butwehaveamathmid-termtomorrow,soIthoughtyou'dbestudyingforitandmaybeIcanstudywithyou.

M:(24)Oh,well,Iwasjusttakingabreak.ThismathstuffgivesmeaheadacheifIworkonittoolong.YouknowIdon'treallylikeit.

W:Iknowwhatyoumean.I'vebeenworkingonitforthreehoursthroughitalready.I'mbeginningtogetacross.Iwastryingtofigureoutmineofthesampleproblems.Ijustdon'tgetsomeofthem.

M:ButIcan'tbelieveyouarecomingtome.ImeanyoudoknowwhatIgotonthelasttest,don'tyou?

W:Yeah,Iknow.Youtoldme.Ijustthoughttwoheadsmightbebetterthanone.

M:Yeah,that'saniceidea.But...youknow,IwishIknewthatpersoninourclasswhogotahundredonthelasttest.Shedidn'tmissaquestion.Umm...wasitElizabeth?

W:Ohyeah,Elizabeth!Sheisafriendofmine.She'dbeabighelprightnow.Whydon'tIgiveheracall?

M:(25)What!Atthishour?It'salreadytenthirty.Idon'twanttoimposeonher.

W:Yeah,Iguessyouareright.Butyouknowwhat;sheowesmeabigfavor.Let'satleastgiveheracallandseewhatshesays.Maybegoingoversomeoftheproblemswithuswouldhelpherreviewthematerial.

M:It'sworthatry.

(20)

A.Aclasspresentationthey'repreparing.

B.Atelevisionprogramthemaniswatching.

C.Visitingaclosefriendoftheirs.

D.Studyingforatest.

29.

【B9】

30.听力原文：W:IwishSusiewouldstoprecitingthatpoem.I'veheardherrepeatithundredsoftimes.

M:Atleastthatmuch.IusedtoreallylikeWhitman'spoemsuntilIhadtolistentoheroverandoveragain.

Q:Whatdothemanandwomanmean?

(19)

A.Theyaretiredofhearingthepoem.

B.TheyareveryexcitedtohearWhitman'spoems.

C.Susieisoneoftheirfavorite.

D.TheywanttolistentoSusie'srecitationofthepoem.

31.(47)

32.【B3】

33.听力原文：W:Hey,Jim,whatacoincidencetoseeyouhere!Longtimenosee.

M:Yeah,metoo.Hey,justasoldfriendsIgottatellyou...youdon'tlookthatwell.Areyousickorsomething?

W:Well,notreally.It'sthesameoldstoryofthelifeofanoverworkedundergraduatestudent,Iamuptomyneckonthisproject.Iamworkingonaprojectthathastobedonebytheendofthismonth.

M:Can'tyouspeaktoyourprofessoraboutthat?Maybehewouldallowanextensionandyouwillthenhavesomebreathingspace.

W:Fatchance.Myprofessorisoneofthoseworkaholictypesandheexpectseveryonethatworkswithhimhastobethesameway.Youknow,sometimeshesleeps4hoursanightbutcanstillkeepgoingduringtheday.

M:Wow,soundslikeyourprofessorisreallynuts.YouknowIdon'tmindworkinghardbutnottothepointofkillingmyself.Hopeyoucangetyourprojectdonewithoutanyhitches.

W:Whataboutyou?Iheardthefacultyisbuildinganotherbuildingoncampus.AbigprojectitseemsbythelooksofthingsandnearlycompletedIthink.

M:Well,notquitethereyet.Theystillhavenotdecidedwhethertheyshouldmovethereornot.TheDepartmentDeanwantsmetomarkpapersanddosomeadministrationworkforthem.Ihavetomakeadecisionbytheendofthisweek.

W:Thatisatoughdecision,isn'tit?IwouldjumpontheofferifIhadone.Toworkwithsomeoftheseacademictypesmustbeinteresting.

M:Sureitis.IwouldnotthinktwiceifIdidn'thavesuchaheavyloadthissemester.Besides,mygirlfriendisn'tkeenonmealwaysspendingtimeatschool.

W:Icanunderstandhowyourgirlfriendfeels.Maybeyoucanaskforalighterload.Perhapsyoushouldrequesttoworkonlyoncertaindays.

M:That'strue.ThenIwouldn'thaveto-workunderaworkaholicprofessoranymore.

W:Hey,Jim.DoyouthinkIhaveanychanceofgettingsomeworkthere?

M:Hmm...areyouseriousaboutworkingthere?Ithoughtyouwerejoking.

(23)

A.TherootofJim'shealthproblems.

B.Thewoman'sproblemswithherworkaholicprofessor.

C.Jim'srelationshipwithhisprofessor.

D.ProblemsthatJimandthewomanhavewiththeirworkloads.

34.(14)

A.Allthepassengerswerekilled.

B.Theplanecrashedinthenight.

C.Nomoresurvivorshavebeenfound.

D.It'stoolatetosearchforsurvivors.

35.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：Theaveragepersonlearnsmostofthe30,000-40,000wordswhosemeaningswerecognizebyhearingthemorgettingfamiliarwiththeminthecontextwithoutconsciouseffort.[26]Thebestwaytobuildagoodvocabulary,therefore,istoreadagreatdealandtoparticipateinalotofgoodconversations.Therearerelativelyfewwordsthatwelearnpermanentlybypurposefullyreferringtodictionariesorkeepingwordlists.Herearesomesuggestionsofhowtodoit.

Readplentyofgoodbooks.[27]Whenyoucomeacrossanewwordoranewmeaningofanoldword,stopandseeifyoucanunderstanditfromitscontext.Ifyoucan't,andifyoucanmanagewithoutinterruptingthethoughtofthebooktoomuch,lookitupinadictionaryorasksomebodyandthenrepeatitsmeaningtoyourselfacoupleoftimes.Ifyouarereallyconscientious,writethewordanditsmeaninginapersonalvocabularylist.Gooverthelistfromtimetotime.Further,trytousethenewwordinwritingorconversationafewtimesoverthenextseveraldays.

[28]Listentogoodconversationsandbealerttonewwordsyouhearortonewmeaningsofwordsyouhavealreadyknown.Thentreatthemjustasyoutreatthenewwordsyouread.

Learnandbealerttothepartsofwords:prefixes,suffixesandroots.Knowingthemenablesyoutomakeintelligentguessesaboutthemeaningsofwords.

(27)

A.Torecitealotofwonderfulreadingmaterials.

B.Tocombineprefixes,suffixesandrootsfreely.

C.Totakepartinalotofgoodtalks.

D.Tomakeasmanywordlistsaspossible.

36.听力原文：M:I'vebeenrunningamileeveryafternoonforthepastmonth.ButIstillhaven'tbeenabletolosemorethanapoundortwo.Iwonderifitisworthit.

W:Italwaysseemshardwhenyouarejuststartingout.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(14)

A.Themanshouldstartrunningdaily.

B.Shealsopreferstoexerciseintheafternoon.

C.It'simportanttowarmupbeforeexercising.

D.Themanshouldcontinuehisexerciseprogram.

37.(36)

A.Shecommunicatedherideasveryeffectively.

B.Shemadeexcellentpoliticalachievements.

C.Shehadahusbandseverelyinjuredinanincident.

D.Shehaddifferentpoliticalopinions.

38.

【B3】

39.(38)

40.听力原文：Uptoabout1915,movieswereshortandprogramsweremadeupofseveralworks.Then,D.U.Griffithandothersbegantomakelongerfilmswhichprovidedthesamepowerfulemotionalappealasdidmelodramaandpresentedspectaclesfarbeyondwhatthetheatercouldoffer.Consequently,afterWorldWarIincreasingnumbersofspectatorsdesertedthetheaterforthemovies.Thistrendwasacceleratedinthelate1920'sasaresultoftwonewelements.In1927soundwasaddedtothepreviouslysilentfilm,andthusoneofthetheater'sprincipalclaimstosuperiorityvanished.In1929aseriouseconomicdepressionbegan.Sinceaudiencecouldgotothemoviesforafractionofwhatitcosttoseeaplay,theatergoingbecamealuxurywhichfewcouldafford,especiallyasthedepressiondeepened.

BytheendofWorldWar1I,theAmericantheaterhadbeenreducedtoaboutthirtytheatersinNewYorkcityandasmallnumberoftouringcompaniesoriginatingthere.

(30)

A.Filmsprovidedmoremelodrama.

B.Filmsprovidedlongerprograms.

C.Filmsprovidedemotionalappeal.

D.Filmsprovidedgreaterspectacles.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

Inseekingaresponseifhedoesnothaveareadyone,thechildobservesamodelandtriestoachieve______.

42.

WhyAmericansseemtiedtotheclocktooutsiders?

43.StaggeringtasksconfrontedthepeopleoftheUnitedStates,NorthandSouth,whentheCivilWarended.Aboutamillionandahalfsoldiersflorabothsideshastobedemobilized,readjustedtocivilianlife,andreabsorbedbythedevastatedeconomy.Civilgovernmentalsohadtobeputbackonapeacetimebasisandinterferencefromthemilitaryhadtobestopped.

ThedesperateplightoftheSouthhaseclipsedthefactthatreconstructionhadtobeundertakenalsointheNorth,thoughlessspectacularly.Industrieshadtoadjusttopeacetimeconditions:factorieshadtoberetooledforcivilianneeds.

FinancialproblemsloomedlargeinboththeNorthandtheSouth.Thenationaldebthadshotupfromamodest565millionin1861,theyearfilewarstarted,tonearly53billionin1865,theyearthewarended.Thiswasacolossalsumforthosedaysbutonethataprudentgovernmentcouldpay.Atthesametime,wartaxeshadtobereducedtolessburdensomelevels.

Physicaldevastationcausedbyinvadingarmies,chieflyintheSouthandBorderStates,hadtoberepaired.Thisherculeantaskwasultimatelycompleted,butwithdiscouragingslowness.

Otherimportantquestionsneededanswering.Whatwouldbethefutureofthefourmillionblackpeoplewhowerefreedfromslavery?.OnwhatbasisweretheSouthernStatestobebroughtbackintotheUnion?

Whatofthesouthernleaders,allofwhomwereliabletochargeoftreason?Oneoftheseleaders,JeffersonDavis,presidentoftheSouthernConfederacy,wasthesubjectofaninsultingpopularNorthernsong,"HangJeffDavisfromaSourAppleTree"andevenchildrensangit.Daviswastemporarilychainedinhisprisoncellduringtheearlydaysofhistwo-yearimprisonment.Butheandtheothersouthernleaderswerefinallyreleased,partlybecauseitwasunlikelythatajuryfromVirginia,asouthernconfederatestate,wouldconvictthem.AlltheleaderswerefinallypardonedbyPresidentJohnsonin1868inanefforttohelpreconstructioneffortsproceedwithaslittlebitternessaspossible.

Theword"demobilized"(Line2,Para1)isclosestinmeaningto______.

A.separatedB.dismissedC.gatheredD.summoned

44.

Muchresearchhasbeendoneoninterviewsingeneralbutjournalisticinterviewingasaspecificfieldhasunfortunately______.

45.Thepurposeofthelargecompaniesinrecruitingoutsidersandputtingthemontheboardofdirectorsisto______.

A.diversifythebusinessofthecorporation

B.protecttheinterestsoftheshareholders

C.introduceeffectivereformsinbusinessmanagement

D.enhancethecooperationbetweentheseniormanagersandtheboarddirectors

46.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

RobertSpring,a19thcenturyforger,wassogoodathisprofessionthathewasabletomakehislivingfor15yearsbysellingfalsesignaturesoffamousAmericans.SpringwasborninEnglandin1813andarrivedinPhiladelphiain1858toopenabookstore.AtfirstheprosperedbysellinghissmallbutgenuinecollectionofearlyU.S.autographs.Discoveringhisabilityatcopyinghandwriting,hebeganimitatingsignaturesofGeorgeWashingtonandBenFranklinandwritingthemonthetitlepagesofoldbooks.Tolessenthechanceofdetection,hesenthisforgeriestoEnglandandCanadaforsaleandcirculation.Forgershaveahardtimesellingtheirproducts.Aforgercan'tapproacharespectablebuyerbutmustdealwithpeoplewhodon'thavemuchknowledgeinthefield.Forgershavemanywaystomaketheirworklookreal.Forexampletheybuyoldbookstouseagedpaperofthetitlepage,andtheycantreatpaperandinkwithchemical.InSpring'stime,rightaftertheCivilWar,BritainwasstillfondoftheSouthernstates,soSpringinventedarespectablemaidenladyknownasMissFannyJackson,theonlydaughterofGeneral"Stonewall"Jackson.ForseveralyearsMissFanny'sfinancialproblemsforcedhertosellagreatnumberoflettersandmanuscriptsbelongingtoherfamousfather.Springhadtoworkveryhardtosatisfythedemand.AllthisactivitydidnotpreventSpringfromdyinginpoverty,leavingsharpeyedexpertsfiledifficulttaskofseparatinghisforgeriesfromtheoriginals.

WhatwasinagreatdemandinBritainaftertheCivilWar?

47.WhyisGatesconstantlywordedaboutthefutureofMicrosoft?

48.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Thetragicimpactofthemoderncityonthehumanbeinghaskilledhissenseofaesthetics,thematerialbenefitsofawealthysocietyhavedivertedhisattentionfromhiscityanditsculturalpotentialstotheproductsofscienceandtechnology:washingmachines,centralheating,TVsets,computersandcars.

Heisacardriverandreluctanttowalk.Withoutadequateparkingfacilities,thestreetsarelitteredwithcars.Congestion(堵塞)hasbecomethepredominantfactorinhisenvironment,andstatisticssuggestthattwocarsperhouseholdmaymakemattersworse.

Meanwhile,insultisaddedtoinjuryby"landvalue".Thevalueoflandresultsfromitsuse,Whenitsuseisintensified,itsvaluerises."Puttinglandtoitshighestandbestuse"becomestheprincipaleconomicstandardinurbangrowth.Thisspeculativeapproachandthepressureofincreasingpopulationleadstothe"vertical"growthofcitieswiththeresultthatpeopleareforcedtoadjustthemselvestocongestiontomaintaintheserelativelyartificiallandvalues.Paradoxicallytheremedyforremovingcongestionistocreatemoreofit.Partialdecentralizationintheform.oflargedevelopmentunitsawayfromthetraditionaltowncentersonlyshiftsthediseaseofcongestionroundthetowncenter.

Itiswithinourpowertobuildbettercitiesandrevivetheprideoftheircitizens,butweshallhavetostopoperatingonthefringeoftheproblem.Weshallhaveradicallytore-planthemtoachievearationaldensityofpopulation.Weshallhavetoprovidethemwhatcanbecalledminimum"psychologicalelbowroom".Oneoftheingredientsofthiswillbepropertransportationplans.Thesewillhavetobeanintegralpartoftheoverallplanningprocesswhichinitselfisascientificprocesswherefactsareessential.Wemustcollectallandcompleteinformationaboutthecityorthetown,ifwewanttoplaneffectively.

Wemustnotforgetthatcitiesarebuiltbypeople,andthattheirform.andshapeshouldbesubjecttothewillofthepeople.Scientificmethodsofdatacollectionandanalysiswillindicatetrends,buttheywillnotdirectaction.Scientificmethodsareonlyaninstrument.The"man-educated"man,thehuman,willhavetosetthetarget,andusingtheresultsobtainedbyscience,takeuponhimselfthefinalshapingofhisenvironment.Hewillhavetousehismoralsenseofresponsibilitytothecommunityandfuturegenerations.

Themainconcernofthepassageiswith______.

A.citycongestion

B.cityplanning

C.decentralization

D.landvaluesincities

49.OnDecember21st,justintimefortheseasonalfestivities,theBushadministrationraisedtheterroralertfrom"elevated"to"high".Thisisthefifthtimethatthealerthasbeenraisedto"codeorange"—butitlooksasifitcouldbekeptatthislevelforquitesometime.Officialsseemedtobemorenervousthanusual,sinceunlikepreviousdecisionstoraisethethreatlevel,thisonewasapparentlyunanimousamongofficialsintheUnitedStatesDepartmentofDefense.Askedwhetherthealertwas