人教版英语选修七第一单元语法

M7U1LivingwellGrammar1

动词不定式(Infinitive)由“to+do”构成,否定形式_______________

FunctionsofInfinitive:

主语(Subject)、 表语(Predicative)、宾语(Object)、 宾补(ObjectComplement)、定语(Attribute)、 状语(Adverbial)、做独立成分(Independentcomponent)与疑问词等连用P.S:不定式可有自己的逻辑主语,即forsb.todosth.动词不定式不能作_____谓语not/nevertodo21.不定式作主语(subject)Tofinishthisreporttookhimaweek.眼见为实。Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.It’simpossible_____humanstoflylikeabirdnow.It’spolite____youtogreeteveryone.P.S:单个不定式作主语时，谓语动词用______。不定式作主、宾、表通常表示具体的、一次性的、特定的行为。若不定式太长，多用it作________,不定式置后。forof单数形式主语32.不定式作表语(Predicative)WhatIwouldsuggestistoputoffthemeeting.Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.P.S:主语为不定式，表语也需为_______.我的工作是要帮助病人。Myjobistohelpthepatients.不定式常用在系动词be,seem,appear,get,remain等后作表语．Theonlythingtodonowis(to)goon.WhatI’lldois(to)tellherthetruth.Allhedidjustnowwas(to)completetheform.P.S:当主语含有______________，作表语的不定式可省略____.不定式do的某种形式to43.不定式作宾语(Object)Idecidedtoaskformymoneyback.我觉得他不可能在这么短的时间内完成任务。Ifeelitimpossibleforhimtofinishthejobinsuchashorttime.It作________：think/consider/find/feel/believe/suppose/make+it+adj./n.+todosth.

形式宾语54.不定式作宾补(ObjectComplement)1)带to的不定式作宾补 动词:allow,order,force,permit,tell,want,wish,forbid,advise,persuade,warn等后皆以带to的不定式作宾补。2)他做了一个鬼脸,逗得大家都笑了。

Hemadeafaceandmadeuslaugh.作宾补的不定式不带to:使役动词make,have,let;感官动词see,watch,observe,hear,listento,

notice等被动态Hemadeafaceandwe__________________.weremadetolaughP.S.若上述结构变为被动语态,to要还原。6

1.Theysawtheboyfallsuddenlyfromthetree.Theboywasseentofallsuddenlyfromthetree.2.MothermadeJohnwashthecarforaweek.

Johnwasmadetowashthecarforaweek.75.不定式作定语(Attribute)Couldyoulendmeapen_____________(write)?Heislookingforaroom_______________(live).Pleasepassmesomepaper___________(write).P.S：若不定式是vi.,不定式后介词不可省。Hehadplace________(live).P.S：不定式所修饰的名词若是time,place或way，其的介词习惯上省去。towrite

withtolive

intowrite

ontolive85.不定式作定语(Attribute)她总是第一个到最后一个离开。Sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave. P.S：当名词被thefirst,thelast,theonly等序数词以及形容词最高级修饰时，通常用不定式作定语。Themeeting_________(hold)tomorrowisimportant. P.S：不定式作定语表示未发生的动作。tobeheld9something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。 Doyouhaveanything_________(send)

?

Ihavenothing_________(say)

.tosendtosay10不定式作定语与所修饰的词之间有主谓、同位、动宾三种关系：(1)______关系

Ihavealotofworktodo.(2)______关系

Heisalwaysthefirsttocome.(3)______关系

Weallhaveachancetogotocollege.动宾主谓同位116.不定式作状语(Adverbial)1)目的状语(todo,inorderto,soastodo)Istayedtheretoseewhatwouldhappen.Hespokeloudlyinordertobeheard.

2)结果状语(too…todo,so/such…astodo)Helayinthebedonly_______hisfeetexposed.Hegotthereonly________(find)thetraingone.3)原因状语(be+adj.+todo

)

sorry,surprised,happy,glad,eager,angry,foolish,right,wrong,slow,quick,rude,cruel…

Wewereveryexcitedtohearthenews.Ihavetosaygoodbyenow.I’mhappytomeetyou.tofindtofind12[辨析]doing/todo

作结果状语Iwenttoseemyauntonlytofindherout.Iwenttoseemyaunt,findingherout.Hedonatedalotofmoney__________(enable)theorphanstogotoschool.Hedonatedalotofmoney,__________(enable)theorphanstogotoschool.toenableenabling13____________(老实说),Iamnothappyatthemoment.tobefrank tobehonest totellthetruthtobeshort tobeginwith tobeexact

tomakealongstoryshort7.不定式作独立结构(Absoluteconstruction)Tobehonest14动词不定式的时态和语态todotohavedonetobedoingtohavebeendoingtobedonetohavebeendone15(1)Theypretendednottoseeus.(2)Hepretendedtobesleeping.

(3)Shepretendedtohaveknownitbefore.(在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行。)(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。)(4)We’rehappytohavebeenworkingwith

you.(完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续。)Itisanhonorforme__________(invite)toattendthemeeting.Hewantsthehouse____________(repair)atonce.tobeinvitedtoberepaired161)Doyouhaveanythingelse______(say)?2)Boss,doyouhaveanything_______(type)?3)Withmuchhomework_____(do),Ican’tgotoplayfootballwithyou.4)Thequestionisverydifficult_________(answer).5)Theproblemiseasy___________(dealwith).

主语＋be+adj.+todoadj.:difficult,easy,comfortable,fit,hard,pleasant,tiresome,interesting,nice,heavy,dangerous,light,important…...

6)Theriverwateriswarmenoughtoswimin.7)Theiceistoothintoskateon.

too…todo,…enoughtodo

注意：一、不定式的主动形式表示被动意义tosaytobetypedtodotoanswertodealwith171.如果主语部分有do,用作表语的不定式可省略to。你要做的就是快点完成任务。Allyouhavetodois(to)finishthejobquickly.2.感官动词、使役动词后作宾补时,省去to； 但在被动语态中to还原。

他们看到男孩从树上跌了下来。

Theysawtheboyfallfromthetree.=Theboywasseentofallfromthetree.注意：二、不定式to的省略183.can’tbut/can’tchoosebut/can’thelpbut/can’tdobut

+do

Shecoulddonothingbut_______(cry).Wecannotchoosebut_____(leave)atonce.Ihavenochoicebut______(go).Wecannothelpbut_______(think)so.

注意：二、不定式to的省略crytogothink4.不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要省略该动词.-Wouldyouliketogowithme?-I’dlike______.to不定式是tobe结构,be不可省.-Wouldyouliketobeateacher?-I’dlike______.tobeleave19不定式与疑问词who,which,when,how,what等连用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。Hedidn’tknowwhattosay.Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant.

Myquestioniswhentostart.注意：三、不定式与疑问词连用宾语主语表语

为什么不休息下呢？

Whynothavearest?

P.S:在与why连用时，只用于why或whynot开头的简短疑问句中，后跟不带to的动词不定式。20stoptodosth.停下来去做某事doingsth.停止做某事forgettodosth.忘记去做某事doingsth.忘记已做了某事remembertodosth.记得去做某事

doingsth.记得曾经做某事注意：四、几对易混淆的词组21旅游局国庆“十一”黄金周工作总结_旅游局国庆“十一”黄金周工作小结20xx年“十一”黄金周假日期间，在市旅指办的正确指导和县委、县政府的正确领导下，县旅指委各成员单位密切配合，与各职能部门、旅游企业共同努力、科学研判，在总结“杭州g20畅游黄山”活动工作经验的基础上，提前谋划，积极备战，圆满完成了假日旅游统计、协调督导和安全保障工作，旅游市场井然有序，实现了“十一”假日旅游安全平稳运行。一、总体接待情况据统计，20xx年“十一”黄金周七天全县收费景区实际共接待游客21.22万人，同比下降8.61%；门票收入1111.8万元，同比下降13.52%。其中：西递接待游客6.28万人，同比下降13.37%，门票收入304.44万元，同比下降12.64%；宏村接待游客10.84万人，同比下降8.19%，门票收入701.95万元，同比下降15.48%。二、主要特点亮点一是长线游客稳步增长。随着季节转换，气温日渐舒适，加上假期时间较长，比较适宜旅行。许多年轻人带着父母、孩子出来放松心情，畅快出游。今年我县重点围绕京福高铁及延伸线沿线市场以及高速、航空市场展开秋季产1.LastsummerItookacourseon____.A.howtomakedressesB.howdressesbemadeC.howtobemadedressesD.howdressestobemade课堂练兵222.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_____inmynewjob.A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects3.Therearefivepairs____,butIamatalosswhichtobuy.AtobechosenBtochoosefromCtochooseDforchoosing234.Ifindtheseproblemsareeasy_____.A.tobeworkedoutB.toworkthemoutC.toworkoutD.tobeworkedthemout5.______lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingslept246.Iwouldlove_______tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.havinggoneC.goingD.tohavegone7.Johnwasmade_____thetruckforaweekasapunishment.A.towashB.washingC.washD.tobewashing258.Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident

＿＿losehisjob.A.sonotastoB.soasnottoC.soastonotD.notsoasto9.Thepatientwaswarned_____oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating261.____thiscake,you’llneed2eggs,175gsugarand175gflour.(2006广东卷)A.HavingmadeB.MakeC.TomakeD.Making实战高考272.LeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)_____birdskeptincagesinordertohavethepleasureofsettingthemfree.(2007重庆卷)A.issaidtobebuyingB.issaidtohaveboughtC.hadsaidtobuyD.hassaidtohavebought283.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood_____.(2008全国卷)A.tobebreathedB.tobreatheC.breathingD.beingbreathed294.–Didthebookgivetheinformationyouneeded?–Yes.But______it,Ihadtoreadtheentirebook.(2008北京卷)A.tofindB.findC.tofindingD.finding305.Davidthreatened_______hisneighbortothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.(2009上海卷)A.tobereportedB.reportingC.toreportD.havingreported316.Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnew_______withallbyourselveseveryday.(2009重庆卷)A.dealB.dealtC.todealD.dealing327.Thechildrenallturned_______thefamousactressassheenteredtheclassroom.(2009全国卷I)A.lookedatB.tolookatC.tolookingatD.lookat338.WithFather’sDayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank______presentsformydad.(2010全国I卷)A.buyB.tobuyC.buyingD.tohavebought349.Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting____________.(2010江西卷)A.todiscover B.tobediscoveredC.discovered D.beingdiscovered3510.Wewereastonished_______thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.