2020届二轮复习阅读理解专项训练任务型阅读

2020届二轮复习阅读理解专项训练（任务型阅读）1任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。ChinaUsingMobileAppstoFollowSpreadofCoronavirusPeopleinChinaareusingappsonmobilephonestofollowandperhapshelpslowthespreadofthenewcoronavirus,COVID-19.Someoftheappsprovidethelatestinformationaboutareashitbythevirus,whileotherscollectdataoninfectedpersons.TheChinesegovernmentisworkingwithtwoofthecountry’slargesttechnologycompaniestokeeptrackofthedisease.Thetwo,AlibabaGroupandTencentHoldings,createdcolor-basedsystemsthatrecordthehealthofindividualsandidentifycarriersofthecoronavirus.InFebruary,Alipay,apaymentappoperatedbyAlibaba,releasedasystemthatusescoloredQRCodestoshowthehealthofpeopleinthecityofHangzhou.AQRcodeisasignasmartphonecanreadwithitscamera.Oncethesignisrecognized,thephonetakestheuserdirectlytoaninternetlinkwithinformationaboutasubject.Aftercompletingthequestionnaire,usersreceiveamobilephonemessage.Itincludesacolor-basedQRCodethatrelatestothehealthsituationtheydescribed.Userswitharedcodearetoldtoquarantinethemselvesfor14daysandcontinuereportingtheirconditionbyusingAlibaba’sDingTalkmessagingapp.Userswithayellowcodearetoldtostayinquarantinefor7days,whilethosewithagreencodecantravelfreely.ChinesestatemediasaidtheAlibabasystemwouldbedeployedattrainstations,alongmajorroadsandothertravelcheckpoints.Theyaddedthatthesystemisalsobeingusedinsomeneighborhoods.PeopleareaskedtoshowQRCodeswhenenteringtheirapartmentbuildings.Customersareaskedtodothesamebeforeenteringthelocalsupermarket.Alipaysaiditwasworkingwiththegovernmenttoexpandthesystemnationwide.Tencent,whichoperatesChina'spopularmessagingappWeChat,reportedthelaunchofasimilarQRCode-basedtrackingsystem.TencentdevelopedthesystemwithhelpfromChina'sNationalDevelopmentandReformCouncil,whichiscurrentlyinuseinthesoutherncityofShenzhen.OfficialssaidtheyexpectedittobedeployedtootherpartsofGuangdongprovincesoon.Evenbeforethelatestsystemswereannounced,manyChinesewerealreadyusingmappingandtravelappsinanefforttoavoidareaswithcoronavirusinfections.Oneoftheapps,developedbyWeChat,usesofficialreportstoidentifyplacesinthecitiesofShenzhenandGuangzhouwherecoronaviruscaseshavebeenconfirmed.OneuseroftheappstoldReutersshefindsthemapscanprovide“psychologicalcomfort.”Thewoman,whodidnotwantherfullnamereported,said:“Youcan’tguaranteetherewon’tbefreshcases,butyoucanavoidanareathat’salreadyhit.”ThetechnologywebsiteAbacusreportedthatcitizenscanrequestlocationdatafromtheirmobilephonecarriertoshowtheyhadnotbeeninaffectedareas.Thereportsaidthatifrequested,China’sstate-ownedtelecommunicationcompanieswillsendusersamessagelistingalltheareastheyhadvisitedwithinthepast14days.ChinaUsingMobileAppstoFollowSpreadofCoronavirusNewmobileappsThesespeciallydesignedappsinuseare71. atfollowingandslowingthespreadofCOVID-19.Thesesystemsmayhelptorevealthe72. ofthepersoninfectedwiththevirus.AlipaysystemPeoplecanget73. toonlineinformationoncetheQRcodesarerecognized.ThecolorsofQRcodes74. betweenred,yellowandwhiteinlinewithdifferenthealthsituations.Thesystemisnowconnectedwithpeople's75.lifeinsomeareas.Thecompanyplanstopromoteitata76.level.TencentsystemTencentreceived77. helpindevelopingthesystem.Thissystem78. thatofAlipayastheyarebothbasedonQRcodes.WeChat79. officialdatawithitsmappingappsandprovidespsychologicalcomfortforusers.Telecommunicationcompanies*Subscriberscan80. theirtravelconnectionwiththeinfectedareasthroughtheserviceofthecompanies.【答案】71.aimed72.identity73.access74.vary/range75.routine/daily/ernmental/government/official 78.bines80.clarify2任务型阅读（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）请认真下面的短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格处填入一个最恰当的单词，注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上，每个空格只填一个单词。Empathyisourinherentabilitytounderstandorfeelwhatanotherpersonisexperiencingfromwithintheotherperson’sframeofreference.Itallowsustoconnectwithotherswhoseemdifferent,makingusmoreawareofthethingswehaveincommon.Whenwetuneintoempathizewithothers,wearemorelikelytoactwithsympathytohelpreducetheirsuffering.And,whenweincreaseourcaringfortheenvironment,wearemorelikelytomakechoicesthathelppreserveitforfuturegenerations.Althoughempathyisavitalelementofournature,researchsuggeststhatempathycanbetaught,andthatcontactwithpeoplewhoaredifferentfromusinasafe,empathicwayisthefirststeptowardreducingprejudice.Thisiswheremuseumshavearoletoplay.Museumsaresafeandinformallearningplatforms,uniquelyequippedtoencouragevisitorstoimagine,explore,andexperiencerichhumanheritageandthenaturalworldfirsthand.Theyhavethecapabilitytobringtogetherarts,technology,sciences,andliteraturetoshowhowalllivingthingsarelinkedtoeachother.Museumsinspireempathyinusinanumberofways.Throughtheirsocialandeducationalmission(使命)，museumscanprovideasafespaceforexperiencingourcollectivebehavior,knowledge,complexhistories,andvalues.Byputtingpeopleinclosenesstootherpeople,sexperiences,theirculturesandstories,museumscanhelpusawakentodifferentrealitiesandmultipleperspectives(视角)thatexistaroundus.Personalanddiverseencounters意夕卜的相遇)withpeoplefromothercultures-andtheirideas,stories,andartifacts一createopportunitiesforauthenticdialoguewith“theother”：someonewhoisdifferentfromus,butsharesourworld.Alsomuseumsoftenpresentthestoriesofpeopleandplacesfaraway.Tellingstoriesfromthepointofviewofthepeopleandculturesfeaturedcanalsoincreaseoursenseofsharedhumanity,asweseehowothersfacefears,biases,andchallengessimilartoourown.Moreimportantly,museumsencouragecontemplation沉思)ofourworldbyprovidingaspacewherewecanslowdownandbewithwhatisbeforeus.Unlikemanyeverydaysettingswherethegoalisclear,peopleexploreinmuseumsontheirownschedule,movingfromexhibittoexhibitastheyseefit,followingtheirowninternalguidelines.Thisnaturallyallowsforamorereflectiveexperience.Throughthisreflection,visitorscanacquireadeeperunderstandingoftheviewpointsofothersandrecognizetheirownconnectiontoallofhumanityandtheplanet.MuseumsandempathyConcept ofempathyand(71) itbringsEmpathyreferstotheabilitytoplaceoneselfinanother's(72)_•Itcanmakeone(73) withother'ssufferingandbehaveinaway(74) totheenvironment.(75)___•ofMuseumsMuseums(76) visitorstotherichhumanheritageandthematuralworldwhichcaninspiretheir(77) andarousetheircuriosityunknown.Museumsshowhowalllivingthingsare(78) bycombiningarts,technology,sciences,andliterature.HowmuseumsincreaseempathyMuseumsholdamirrortosocietythroughwhichvisitorsget(79) to0thers'experiences,culturesandstoriesandthenacceptthedifferencesaroundthemAsaplaceofstorytellingmuseumscanhelppeoplebreakdownprejudiceandincreasetheirsenseofsharedhumanity.Museumsprovideasafespacewherevisitorscantaketimeto(80) oneverythingshownandunderstandothers'viewpointsbetter.【答案】71.benefits72.position73.sympathize74.friendly75.Functions76.expose/introduce77.imagination78.Linked/interconnected79.close80.reflect3任务型阅读(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)请认真下面的短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格处填入一个最恰当的单词，注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上，每个空格只填一个单词。EscapefromFoMOHere'satestyoumightenjoyratethesesituationsonanumberscal，rangingfrom1formilddiscomfortto7forunbearabledistress.Situation1：you'revisitingNewYorkCityandrealizethere'snowayyou'llbeabletogettoalltheexhibits,seealltherecommendedplaysortakeinevenpartofthe"musts".Howdoyoufeelnow?Somethinglike5?Situation2：you,reatdinnerwithfriends,andyou'veallagreedtomakeitastrictlyphone-freeevening.Butyoursmartphonewon'tstopbeepingTwitterandtextalerts.Somethingisobviouslyupinyoursocialnetwork,butyoucan'tcheck.Even7wouldn'tmatchthestressyou'refeelingnow.WelcometoFoMO(FearofMissingOut),thelatestmentaldisordercausedbysocialmediaconnectionssharingupdatesthatleavesindividualsfeelingthattheyaremissingoutonsomethingmoreexcitin,gimportant,orinterestinggoingonsomewhereelse.Itisanoutcomeoftechnologicaladvancementandboomingsocialinformation.Accordingtoarecentstudy56percentofthosewhousesocialnetworkssufferthis.Itisnotuncommonthatatnightwhenyou'veswornagaintoputthephoneasideorturnoffthecomputer,youcastonelastglanceatthescreenonyourwaytobedincaseyoumisssometitbit(趣闻)suppliedbymereacquaintancesorevenstrangers'requestingyour"friendship".Weallknowthestudiesshowingthatend-of-liferegretscentreonwhatwedidn'tdo,ratherthanonwhatwedid.Ifso,constantlywatchingothersdoingthingsthatwearenotisrichgroundforafutureoflookingbackinsorrow.Attractiveonlineimages-socharmingfromafar-makeFoMOmoredestructive.Technologyhasbecomethemajorconstructthroughwhichwedefineintimacy(亲密).Youmaylookoninwonderassomeonetapsoutanendlesstextmessageinsteadofactuallytalkingtothepersonthey'rewithBeingconnectedtoeveryone，allthetime，isanewhumanexperience；we，rejustnotequippedtocopewithityet.Researcherssayourdependenceontechnologycanbereducedifwemanagetoseparateourselves,evenforshortperiodsoftimefromourgadgets.However,theproblemcanonlybesettledwhenwegraspthatourbrainsandourhumanity-notourtechnologies-enablethisaddiction.Wecannotseeksolutionswithouthonestlyaskingourselveswhywearesoafraidofmissingout.ResearchersfindFoMOoccursmostlyinpeoplewithunfulfilledpsychologicalneedsinfieldssuchaslove,respectandsecurity.FoMOlevelsarehighestinyoungpeople，inparticularyoungmen.What,then,canwedoaboutsomethingsodamagingtoourqualityoflife?ThebestwaytocopewithFoMOistorecognizethatatourfast-pacedlifqwearesometimesboundtomissoutInsteadoftryingtomaximizeourbenefitsweseekamerely"goodenough"result.Ifyoustilldoubtthat"goodenough"isthebestcureforFoMO,thewordsoftheAmericanessayistandpoetRalphWaldoEmersonmightstriketherightchord,"Foreverythingyouhavemissed,youhavegainedsomethingelse,andforeverythingyougain,youlosesomethingelse."EscapefromFoMOMainPointsDetailsConceptofFoMOFoMO,constantly(71) ourpeaceofmindreferstotheuneaseoffeelingthatwearenotpartofsocialconnection.Examples ofFoMO•Whenhavingdinnerwithfriends,wefeelextremelydepressedwhen(72) tocheckoursocialnetwork.•Determinedaswearetoputasidephones,wecan'tshiftour(73) fromthemuntilwegotobed.(74) behindFoMO•Technologydevelopsandsocialinformationexplodes.•Imagesofonlinefriends(75) moretous,comparedtoourrealworldfriends.•Someofusattempttofeel(76) Afulfilledonsocialnetwork.BadeffectsofFoMO•Weareconstantly(77) forthingsthatwedidn'tdo.•Communicatingwithfriendsinthevirtualworldgive(78) tothedeclineofimportantrelationshipswithfriendsandfamily.SuggestionsonavoidingFoMo•Get(798) fromthemoderntechnology.•Recognizethatmissingoutispartofourlife.•Acceptthat(80) cansometimesbe"ablessingindisguise".【答案】71.Disturbing72.Forbidden73.attention/focus/concentration74.Reasons/Triggers/Causes75.Appeal76.Psychologically

77.regretful/sorry78.Rise77.regretful/sorry78.Rise80.losses/loss79.separated/away/disconnected4任务型阅读（10分）Thistimeofyear,thousandsofcollegeapplicantswaitfore-noticesandauspiciously（吉利地）sizedenvelopesfromschools,underterriblepressurefromtheirparents,friends,teachers,andthemselves.Astothis,Ioffersomeadvice,whichcomesnotonlyfromabitofexperience,butalsoabitofresearch:justcooloutandcontinue,okay?ManyparentsandstudentsthinkthereisaworldofdifferencebetweenthelifelongoutcomesofanAminusstudentwhogetsinto,say.Princeton,andanAminusstudentwhoappliestoPrincetonbut“only”getsintosomelessselectiveschool,likePennStateortheUniversityofWisconsin.TheyassumethatadecisionmadebyfacelessIvyLeagueadmissionsofficers,tosomeextent,willmarkthedifferencebetweensuccessandfailureinlife.Therearetwoimportantthingstosayaboutthisstress.First,toputtheanxietyintocontext,thekidsapplyingtotheseschoolsarealreadydoingquitewell.Seventypercentof29yearoldsdon'thaveabachelor'sdegree,andthemajorityofBAsareearnedatnonselectiveschoolsthatacceptamajorityoftheirapplicants.Manyoftheapplicantshavealreadywonlife'slottery.Butifthatdoesn'teasethenervesofthe40,000peoplewaitingonStanfordorPenn,hereisamoreencouragingconclusionfromeconomics.Formostapplicants,itdoesn'tmatteriftheydon'tgetintotheirtopchoice,accordingtoapaperbyStacyDale,amathematicianatMathematicaPolicyResearch,andAlanKrueger,aneconomistatPrincetonUniversity.Theytrackedtwogroupsofstudents-onethatattendedcollegeinthe1970sandtheotherintheearly1990s.TheywantedtoknowDidstudentsattendingthemostelitecollegesearnmoreintheir30s.40s.and50sthanstudentswithsimilarSATscores,whowererejectedbyelitecolleges?Theshortanswerwasno.Or,intheauthor'slanguage,thedifferencebetweenthestudentswhowenttosuperselectiveschoolsandthestudentswithsimilarSATscoresrejectedbythoseschoolsandwenttolessselectiveinstitutionswas“indistinguishablefromzero.”Whatdoesthatmean?Itmeansthat,formanystudents,“whoyouare”ismoreimportantthanwhereyougo.It'shardtoshowthathighlyselectivecollegesaddmuchearningpower,evenwiththeirdistinguishedprofessorsandprofessionalnetworks.Inaddition,thedecisionofadmissionsofficersisn'tasimportantasthesumofthedecisions,habits,andrelationshipsstudentshavebuiltuptothispointintheiryounglife.Fortheelite