2022高考英语一轮复习UNIT5NELSONMANDELA-AMODERNHERO学案新人教版必修1

Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero(一)阅读词汇——明其义、写其形第一组：明其义1．meanadj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的2．generousadj.慷慨的；大方的3．easy­goingadj.随和的；温和宽容的4．selflessadj.无私的；忘我的5．releasevt.释放；发行6．principlen.法则；原则；原理7．mankindn.人类8．leapn.飞跃；跳跃9．warm­heartedadj.热心肠的10．quoten.引用语；语录第二组：写其形1．qualityn.质量；品质；性质2．opinionn.意见；看法；主张3．foundvt.建立；建设4．hopefuladj.怀有希望的5．youthn.青年；青年时期6．stagen.舞台；阶段；时期7．votevt.&vi.投票；选举n.投票；选票；表决8．attackvt.进攻；攻击；抨击9．willingadj.乐意的；自愿的10．unfairadj.不公正的；不公平的11．escapevi.&vt.逃脱；逃走；避开12．begvi.请求；乞求13．relativen.亲戚；亲属14．rewardn.报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏15．sentencevt.判决；宣判(二)表达词汇——晓其变、通其用1．activeadj.积极的；活跃的→activelyadv.积极地；活跃地→activityn．活动2．devotevt.献身；专心于→devotedadj.忠实的；深爱的→devotionn．关爱；献身；奉献；忠诚3．peacefuladj.和平的；平静的；安宁的→peacefullyadv.和平地→peacen．和平；平静；和睦4．guidancen．指导；领导→guidevt.带领；引导n．向导5．violencen．暴力；暴行→violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的→violentlyadv.猛烈地6．equaladj.相等的；平等的→equalityn．平等；相等→equallyadv.同样地；相等地7．educatevt.教育；训练→educatedadj.受过教育的；有教养的→educationn．教育→educatorn．教育工作者；教育家8．crueltyn．残忍；残酷→crueladj.残忍的；残酷的(三)常用短语——多积累、准运用1．outofwork失业2．asamatteroffact事实上3．blowup使充气；爆炸4．introuble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中5．turnto求助于；致力于6．loseheart丧失勇气或信心7．cometopower当权；上台8．setup设立；建立9．besentencedto被判处……(徒刑)10．bewillingtodosth.愿意做某事11．beinprison蹲监狱12．inone'sopinion在某人看来(四)经典句式——明特点、会仿用1．拟人修辞手法悟原句Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress...背佳句(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Thepasttenyearshaswitnessedtheeffortsofourheadmasterandhisachievementsofdevelopingsportsbusiness.2．“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句式悟原句...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.背佳句(2016·浙江6月高考书面表达)Onlyifwebridgethegapbetweenplanningandactuallydoingcanweachievesuccess.3．thefirsttime“第一次……”，引导时间状语从句悟原句IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.背佳句Thefirsttimehemetthegirl,hewasstruckbyherwisdomandfellinlovewithher.1.“奖；奖赏”家族①rewardvt.酬劳；奖赏n.报酬；奖金②awardvt.授予；奖给n.奖品；奖金③prizen.奖金；奖品④bonusn.奖金；红利⑤bountyn.奖金；赏金2.“人物性格”形容词全扫描①generous慷慨的②mean吝啬的③devoted忠实的④easy­going随和的⑤warm­hearted热心肠的⑥active积极的⑦energetic有活力的3.“in＋n.(抽象名词)”面面观①introuble在困境中②indanger处于危险中③inreturn作为回报④indetail详细地⑤inorder井然有序⑥inpower当权4.“动词＋to”短语聚焦①turnto求助于②objectto反对③referto谈到；涉及④pointto指向⑤belongto属于⑥stickto坚持；忠于⑦seeto处理；料理eq\a\vs4\al(巩固于训练上页记熟，本页练通；薄弱的考点，留待课堂重点攻坚)Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．(2020·江苏高考)Forthosewhocanstomachit,workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst,accordingtoastudyofmealtimingandphysicalactivity(active)．2．(2020·江苏高考)Helearnedbraille(盲文)quicklyandcontinuedhiseducation(educate)atWorcesterCollegefortheBlind.3．Underourteacher'scarefulguidance(guide),wefinishedourhomeworkinadvance.4．Themanshouldbecondemnedforhiscruelty(cruel)tohiswife.5．Itdoesseriousharmtochildren'scharacterthattoomuchviolence(violent)isshownontelevision.6．Kenyaisknowntobeapeacefulcountry.It'sbeenamodelofpeaceinAfrica.(peace)7．Hedevotedhislifetohiswork,andhisdevotiontohisjobisadmiredbyeveryone,includingsomeofhisdevotedfriends.(devote)8．Allmenarebornequal,soeveryonehopestobetreatedequallybecauseequalityisthebasicdemand.(equal)Ⅱ.介、副词填空1．(2020·天津7月高考)Attheendoftheceremony,avideoaboutourschoolmates'fightingagainstCOVID­19wasreleasedforustowatch,whichmovedusdeeply.2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.3．Hesetuphisownbusinessafterhegraduatedfromuniversity.4．Iknewwewereintroublewhentheelevatorstopped.5．Inmyopinion,itisabouttimethatwehadnewcomputers.6．I'dliketothankmyfriend,who'sbeenverygenerouswithhistime.7．Theenemyhadplannedtoblowupthebridge,butfailedatlast.8．Whenananimalisunderattack,itcanrunawayorfightback.9．Idon'texpectanythinginreward;IdiditbecauseIenjoyedit.10．Asamatteroffact,airinmanycitiesisofpoorquality.Ⅲ.选词填空1．cometopower/inpower①Bythetimehecametopowerin1951hewasalreadyseventy.②Thegovernmentinpowerisdevotedtotheimprovementofeducation.2．thefirsttime/forthefirsttime①Hebecameinterestedintheyoungteacher'slessonthefirsttimeheattendedhisclass.②IvisitedHangzhouforthefirsttimethissummer.Ⅳ.写出加蓝部分在语境中的含义1．It'sagainstmyprinciplestoacceptgiftsfromclients.原则2．Bigcitiescanbelonelyplacesifyouhavenofriendsorrelativesthere.亲戚3．Boblookedbackonlytofindanoldclassmatewhosenameescapedhimforthemoment.被遗忘4．Thiswasafrighteningdiseasethatattackedthecentralnervoussystem.损害5．①Missingthebusmeanswaitingforanotherhour.意味着②—Whyhaven'tyouboughtanybutter?—Ihadmeantto,butIforgotaboutit.意欲；打算③AsfarasIknow,heismeanwithhismoney.自私的；吝啬的④Itismeantospeakillofothers.卑鄙的Ⅴ.补全句子1．在我看来，网上投票是现代生活中不可分割的一部分。(opinion)Inmyopinion,onlinevotingisaninseparablepartofmodernlife.2．我们需要积极参加各种体育运动，注意心理健康。(active)Weneedtotakeanactivepartinallkindsofsports,andpayattentiontomentalhealth.3．清华大学创建于1911年，是中国最好的大学之一。(found)TsinghuaUniversity，foundedin1911，isoneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.4．我第一次在会议厅演讲时非常紧张。(thefirsttime)IwasverynervousthefirsttimeIgaveaspeechinthemeetinghall.5．这是一个没有收音机、没有电话，也没有电视的时期。(Thisisatimewhen)Thiswasatimewhentherewerenoradios,notelephonesornoTVsets.6．这座古庙见证了过去二百年里这个村庄的巨大变迁。(see)Theoldtemplehasseengreatchangesofthevillageinthepasttwohundredyears.7．只有在那时我才意识到与所有的朋友脱离关系，从不与他们联系是多么地傻。(部分倒装)OnlythendidIrealizehowfoolishIwastobreakawayfromallofmyfriendsandnevercontactthem.1．devotevt.献身；专心于(1)devote...to...把……奉献于/专注于……devoteoneselfto(doing)...献身于……；致力于(做)……(2)devotedadj.忠实的；深爱的bedevotedto(doing)...奉献于(做)……；专心于(做)……(3)devotionn.关爱；关照；奉献；献身；忠诚[演绎法练通]单句语法填空①Societyevenpraises“burningthecandleatbothends”asasignofourdevotion(devote)toworkandfamily.②Youcanliveamorepowerfullifewhenyoudevotesomeofyourtimeandenergytosomethingmuchlargerthanyourself.句式升级③Theyoungladydevotesherselftoteachingthedeafchildren,soshehaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.→Devotingherselftoteachingthedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.(现在分词作状语)→Devotedtoteachingthedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.(过去分词作状语)补全句子④(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)IfIamchosen,Iwilldevotemyselftobeingaqualifiedvolunteer.如果我被选中，我将努力成为一名合格的志愿者。[联想发散]devote...to...中的“to”是介词，其后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。类似短语有：adapt...to...使适应；使配合adjust...to...调节……以适应addict...to...使……对……上瘾apply...to...把……应用于……attach...to...把……附在……上2．equaladj.相等的；平等的；同等的；胜任的vt.等于；抵得上n.同等的人；相等物[辨析法理清]辨清楚写出下列句中equal的词性及含义①Littlejoycanequalthatofasurprisingendingwhenyoureadstories.vt.等于；比得上②Iamnotequaltotheposition,soIdon'tapplyforit.adj.胜任的③Suchbehavioris,tomymind,withoutequalallovertheworld.n.相等的事物④(2019·江苏高考)Afterall,noteveryonehasrealizedthatwildlifehasthoughts,feelings,andmostimportantly,equalrightstosurvive.adj.平等的理明白(1)beequaltosth./doingsth.等于/胜任(做)某事equalsb./sth.in(doing)sth.在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/某物withoutequal＝havenoequal无与伦比(2)equalityn.平等；相等equallyadv.相等地；同等地；同样地[针对训练]单句语法填空⑤Anymanwillbeequaltothetask,solongasheiscareful.Youshouldgiveitatry.⑥Mydeskmatedoesn'tequalmeinEnglish,butherphysicsisbetter.一句多译尽管约翰很年轻，但是他却能胜任这项重要的工作。⑦Youngashewas,Johnwasequaltotheimportanttask.(equal)⑧Althoughhewasyoung,Johnwasfitfortheimportanttask.(fit)⑨Youngashewas,Johnwasqualifiedfortheimportanttask.(qualified)3．escapev．&n．逃脱；逃走；避开；泄露；被遗忘[辨析法理清]辨清楚写出下列句中escape的词性及含义①Theyranawayfromtheguardsandthreeofthemescaped.vi.逃脱②I'vemetherbefore,buthernameescapedme.vt.被遗忘③(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.n.避开理明白(1)escape(doing)sth.逃避(做)某事escapefrom从……逃脱；逃避sth.escape(s)sb.某物被某人遗忘；未被注意(2)fireescape太平梯；安全梯；安全出口anarrowescape九死一生；死里逃生[针对训练]单句语法填空④Totheirrelief,theirstudentsnarrowlyescapedfromtheshakingbuilding.⑤Thatwasanarrowescapeallrightwhenourcarturnedover!⑥Heescapedbeingkilled(kill)intheexplosionbecausehehadnotgonetowork.一句多译你很幸运地逃过了惩罚。⑦Youareluckytoescapepunishment.(escapesth.)⑧Youareluckytoescapebeingpunished.(escapedoingsth.)4．rewardn．报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏(1)asareward(for...)作为(对……的)报酬/奖赏inrewardfor为酬谢……；作为……的奖励(2)rewardsb.with...forsth.为某事而用……酬谢某人rewardsb.withsth.用某物/事酬谢某人(3)rewardingadj.值得做的；有益的；有意义的(4)awardn.奖；奖品；奖金vt.授予；奖励[演绎法练通]单句语法填空①(2016·北京高考)Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheireffortswillberewardedwithsuccessintheend.②YoumentionedthatyoucouldteachmeEnglishasareward,whichisexactlywhatIwant.③(2020·浙江7月高考)Itisrewarding(reward)totrynewthings.一句多译(2019·北京高考书面表达)我很乐意带你游玩北京，以报答你的慷慨相助。④I'mmorethanwillingtoshowyouaroundBeijingasarewardforyourgeneroushelp.(as)⑤I'mmorethanwillingtoshowyouaroundBeijinginrewardforyourgeneroushelp.(in)1．introuble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中lookfortrouble找麻烦；自讨苦吃getintotrouble陷入困境；惹麻烦havetrouble(in)doingsth./withsth.做某事方面有困难/麻烦takethetroubletodosth.不辞辛劳地做某事[演绎法练通]单句语法填空①Asisknowntousall,ifweareintrouble,itisnotourphonesbutourfriendsthatcanreallyhelpusout.②Wheneverwehavetroublewithourstudies,ourteachersalwayshelpuspatiently.③Thanksforthetroubleyouhavetakentohelp(help)us.④Youcan'timaginethetroubleIhadpersuading(persuade)himtochangehismind.2．turnto求助于；翻到(书的某页)；致力于；查阅；转向[辨析法理清]辨清楚写出下列句中turnto的含义①Heisreadytohelpothers,seldom,ifever,refusingthemwhentheyturntohim.求助于②Afterheleftuniversityhebecameateacher,butlaterturnedtojournalism.转向③Youshouldn'talwaysturntothedictionarywhenyoumeetnewwordsinreading.查阅④PleaseturntoPage40.翻到理明白turndown关小；拒绝turnaway拒绝……入内；把……打发走turnup出现；露面；调大turnout证明是；结果是；赶走；生产turnover打翻；翻身；移交[针对训练]选用上述短语填空⑤(2020·浙江7月高考)Abrightspotformeturnedouttobereading.⑥(2020·江苏高考)Yet,whensomethingnewturnsup,moreoftenthannot,wedonotevenknowitsname.⑦Tomhadtoturndowntheinvitationtothepartylastweekendbecausehewastoobusy.⑧Providedthathedoesn'tagreetohelpus,whoshouldweturnto?3．拟人修辞手法[教材原句]Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress...过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利，阻挡了我们的进步……[用法规则](1)see意为“见证；目睹；经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历”了某事。(2)与see用法相同的动词有find,witness,say,experience等，这些词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的修辞手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更形象。[针对训练]单句语法填空①Thecitysaw(see)aseriesoffiercefightsbetweenblacksandwhitesinthe1960sandDrKingwasshottodeathin1968.②Theyear1949witnessed(witness)thefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.补全句子③AsIknow,thisstadiumhasseenmanythrillingfootballgames.据我所知，在这座体育场里进行过许多激动人心的足球比赛。4．“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句式[教材原句]...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到那个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。用法规则only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时，句子需要部分倒装。其结构为：only＋状语＋助动词/情态动词/系动词be＋主语＋其他。注意事项(1)“only＋从句”放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装；(2)only放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装。[针对训练]单句语法填空①OnlythendidIrealizehowimportantsuchalittlethingascleaningthehousewas.②Onlybyunderstandingandlearningfromeachothercanwespend(spend)thosebeautifuldaystogetherhappily.补全句子③Onlywhenwerealizetheimportanceofhelpingeachothercanwebedevotedtobuildingaharmonioussociety.只有我们认识到相互帮助的重要性，我们才能致力于构建和谐社会。5．thefirsttime引导时间状语从句[教材原句]IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。用法规则thefirsttime用作连词，用来引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……”。与thefirsttime有类似用法的词语还有：(1)each/everytime每次……时nexttime下次……时thelasttime上次……时eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(2themoment/theminute/theinstant,immediately/instantly/directly))eq\a\vs4\al(一……,就……)注意事项thefirsttime表示“第一次”，在句中可作宾语、表语，还可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句。forthefirsttime表示“第一次”，独立作状语，不引导从句。[针对训练]对比填空：thefirsttime/forthefirsttime①Hereceivedwarmwelcomethefirsttimeheperformedonthestage.②Howshouldwebehavewhenwemeetsomeoneforthefirsttime?补全句子③Eachtimethefilmstarvisitsourcity,hereceivesawarmwelcomefromhisfans.每次这位电影明星来访问我们城市时，他都会受到影迷的热烈欢迎。一、在考题集训中查验单元语基(一)高考中的语法填空1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Anditisagoodtimetofillthenewspacewithloveandhopefully(hopeful)presents.2．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Thereareusuallynoplannedactivities(active)likegamesatahousewarmingparty.3．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Highlights(精彩之处)includeChina'smostsacredpeaksatMountTaiandHangzhou'srollinghills,waterwaysandpeaceful(peace)temples.4．(2020·江苏高考)Thetinyshopsmadeeconomicsense,accordingtoRobertKerr,afounder(found)ofLoveFone.5．(2020·浙江7月高考)Toshowtheversatility(多面性)oftheshortplay,Ihaveincludedaguidance(guide)play,aradioplayandatelevisionplay.6．(2020·浙江1月高考)Therefore,theydon'thavetimetolearnhowtoreadorwriteanddon'tgetaneducation(educate)．7．(2015·安徽高考)Whenanindividualantcomesunderattackorisdying,itsendsoutanalarmpheromone.8．(2014·广东高考)Kindnesscanbuildonitselfasmuchasviolence(violent)can.(二)高考中的阅读理解熟词生义(2018·江苏高考)However,theystilldidnotknowhowtocopewithmeanspiritedjokes,orthesenseofincompetencetheymightfeeliftheycomparedthemselvestocelebrities(名人)ormorebrilliantfriendsonline.刻薄的词类活用(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)However,ifothersbenefitintheprocess,andIgetsomerewardtoo,doesitreallymatterwheremymotivationlies？n.报酬生词僻义(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)It'sanamazingaccomplishmentandonewecannotachievewithoutgeneroussupportfromindividuals,corporations,andothersocialorganizations.慷慨的(三)高考中的完形填空1．(2020·天津7月高考)Heconvincedthepolicedepartmenttoallowhimto26aA．putaway B．makeoutC．tearapart D．setup解析：选D根据空后的“Thenhehungacolorfulsignoneachofthebenches”可知，这里指他说服公安部门允许他在公园里设置聊天长椅。2．(2019·浙江6月高考)Therearelotsofwaystoraiseawarenessforacause.Usually,thestrangertheideais,themoreitgetsnoticed.Andthat'spreciselywhyonegarbage­eatingFrenchmanhascaughtourattention.BaptisteDubanchetisbikingacrossEurope,survivingentirelyondiscarded(丢弃)food.Thethree­month,1,900­milejourneyfromParistoWarsawisDubanchet's39ofraisingawarenessoffoodwasteinEuropeandthroughouttheworld.A．purpose B．wayC．opinion D．dream解析：选B由选文第一段第一句“Therearelotsofwaystoraiseawarenessforacause.(引起人们对一项事业的关注有很多种方式)”可知，从巴黎到华沙，历时三个月，骑行1900英里，这就是Dubanchet引起欧洲和世界对食物浪费这一现象的关注的方式(way)。purpose“目的”；opinion“观点”；dream“梦想”。3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Morethanthat，I'dalwayswantedtolearnchess.And,evenifIweren'texcitedenoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutourinstructorwasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,which45Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame'sbest.Icouldhardlywaittomeethim.A．urged B．demandedC．held D．meant解析：选D国际象棋课程的导师是一位国际象棋大师，这就意味着(meant)“我”将跟随下国际象棋最好的人之一学习。urge“催促，极力主张”；demand“(坚决)要求”；hold“抓住，使保持”。4．(2015·浙江高考)Onthesurface,thesepeopleseemtobeveryluckyinlife.Astheyleftstudentlifebehind,manyhadalastdrinkattheircheapbutfriendlylocalbar,shookhandswithlongtimeroommates,andmovedoutofsmallapartmentsintohighbuildings.Theymadereservationsatrestaurantswherethecostofabottleofwine25aA．shared B．paidC．equaled D．collected解析：选C本句的意思是：他们在餐馆里订餐，那里一瓶酒的花费相当于大学时一个月的房租。share“分享”；pay“付钱”；equal“等于，相等”；collect“收集”。根据句意可知C正确。(四)高考中的写作1．(2020·江苏高考书面表达)只有你看完这些有关中国历史的纪录片你才能体验中国的悠久历史。(倒装句)OnlyafteryouhaveseenthesedocumentariesaboutChinacanyouexperienceitslonghistory.2．(2020·天津5月高考书面表达)面对困难，我没有丧失信心。最终，我在英语学习上取得了很大的进步。(loseheart)Facedwithdifficulties,Ididn'tloseheart.AtlastIhavemadegreatprogressinEnglish.3．(2016·浙江6月高考书面表达)有了勇气和毅力，我确实进步很快。(强调谓语动词)Withbraveryandperseverance,Ididmakerapidprogress.二、在拓展训练中积累主题词汇eq\a\vs4\al(“优秀品行，正确的人生态度”主题常用词汇)①admire□②actively□③gifted□④ambitious□⑤talented□⑥dutiful□⑦optimistic□⑧energetic□⑨strict□⑩determined□⑪cheerful□⑫gentle□⑬intelligence□⑭distinction□⑮willing□⑯thoughtful□⑰forgetful□⑱liein□⑲beenthusiasticabout□⑳makegreatachievementsin□eq\a\vs4\al(熟练词汇在□内打“√”，欠熟练词汇平时多关注)[练中巩固]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Mrs.Meredithwasamostkindandthoughtful(有思想的)woman.Shespentagreatdealoftimevisitingthepoor.2．(2020·浙江1月高考)Itdidn'ttakelongbeforethetwoplayedaroundthehouse,cheerfully(欢乐地)runningaftereachother.3．(2020·天津5月高考)However,laterwhenIlearnedfrommyfriendsthatmydaddefeatedallcompetitorsandwoneveryone'sadmiration(赞赏),Ifoundthatmixedinwithmyembarrassmentwasatouchofpride.4．(2020·天津5月高考)Thecompanyiswilling(乐意的)tobringinthenewtechnologyifitcanbeshowntoreduceproductioncosts.5．(2020·天津7月高考)I'veheardthatyouareatalented/gifted(有天赋的)youngwoman,andIhavefoundyoucharmingandintelligentaswell.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Asthesmallboatmovedgently(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Thelanguageisalmostintoxicating(令人陶醉的),anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitious(ambition)yetsimplertime.3．It'scheerful(cheer)thatthenewbridgehasbeenfinishedtwomonthsaheadofschedule.4．Ifyouwanttoloseweight,you'dbetterdietstrictly(strict)．5．Wearedetermined(determine)tocarryouttheplanifyouhavenoobjection.6．Itreallybenefitedmealottopreviewlessons,getactively(active)involvedinclass,andreviewwhathadbeentaughtinclass.7．AsfarasI'mconcerned,heisoneofthemosttalented(talent)studentsinourclass.8．There'snowayofknowingwhyonemanmakesanimportantdiscoverywhileanotherman,alsointelligent(intelligence),fails.9．Theywerebothdutiful(duty)andattentivesons,andwereregularintheirvisitstotheirparents.10．Sheworriesbecausehermother'sgettingveryforgetful(forget)．Ⅲ.补全句子1．Owingtothefactthathecandowhateverhehaschosentodowithgreatperseverance,hehasmadegreatachievementsinmanyfields.由于他能够坚持不懈地做他所选择做的任何事情，所以他在很多领域都取得了伟大成就。2．Hischarmingpersonalityliesinasimplefactthatheneverhesitatestohelpothers.他的人格魅力在于一个简单的事实：对帮助别人他从不犹豫。3．Shewasquiteoptimisticandenergetic.Shebroughtmealotofhappinessandcourage.Ilearnedsomethingpreciousfromher—beliefinlife.她非常乐观有活力。她给我带来了许多快乐和勇气。我从她身上学到了一些宝贵的东西——要对生活有信心。4．ManypeoplearoundtheworldadmireChinaforitsgreatcontributionstotheworldpeace.世界各地的许多人钦佩中国对世界和平所做的巨大贡献。5．Myforeignteacherisenthusiasticaboutbothteachingandphysicalexercise.我的外教老师对教学和体育锻炼都很热情。[单元主题语篇训练]Ⅰ.完形填空Iamtheonlypersonwhohasreachedseniormiddleschoolinmyfamily.So,Iamthe“besteducated”.ButIalsousedtobethemost1becauseIneverthoughtaboutmymanners.Asabusy2，Ialwayscomehomefromschoollate.WhenIgethomeat3，itistimeformymeal.Aftereating,Igotoschoolagain.Butoneday,whenIwasreadytogotoschoolafterlunchasusual,Dadstoppedme.“Couldyou4mesometime？”heasked，“justone5.”IlookedatthetimeandfoundIdidn'thavemuchtimeleft.“OK,Dad,butpleasemakeit6.”“Allright,Iknowyouare7，soIwilljustaskyoutwoquestions.Couldyou8howmanythingsyouhavedoneforour9？And,couldyoutellmehowoftenyousayhellotoyourfamilymemberswhenyougethome？”Thatday,whenIwasat10，IthoughtaboutthequestionswithoutunderstandingwhyDadhad11askedthem.Then,myfriend,agirlfromarichfamily,askedmewhatwas12me.Itoldher.Afterlistening,shelaughed.“Hey!That'snothing13！Youknow,IneverdoanythingorsayhellotoanybodywhenIamathome,either.”Thensheadded,“AsfarasIknow,90percentofour14haveneverdonethesethings.”Really?Atthatmoment,I15whymydadhadaskedmethosequestions.Itwasbecauseitisgood16tosayhellotoyourfamily.However,mostofusstudentsdon'tknow,oreven17this.Howsadweare!IfinallyrealizedhowIshouldanswermydad'squestions.First,Iwoulddoallthosethingsthatarecalledgoodmanners.Second,Iwould18myclassmatestobeawareoftheirmannersassoonaspossible.ThatnightItoldthesethingstoDad.“Good，”hesaid,“Betterlatethannever.”Thenextafternoon,whenIgothome,IsawMuminthekitchencooking.“Hi,Mum,I'm19，”Isaid.Shelookedatmeandgavemeabig20.语篇解读：作者是家里受教育程度最高的人，但他对家人却很冷淡。一天，父亲的两个问题让他意识到他的错误：不向家人问好是一种无礼的行为。于是，他改变了。1．A.shy B．impoliteC．angry D．anxious解析：选B根据空后的“becauseIneverthoughtaboutmymanners”和下文可知，我曾经是最没有礼貌的。故选B。2．A.seniorstudent B．shopassistantC．schoolteacher D．housewife解析：选A根据“Ialwayscomehomefromschoollate”可知，我是个忙碌的高中学生。故选A。3．A.time B．nightC．noon D．sparetime解析：选C根据下文的“Butoneday,whenIwasreadytogotoschoolafterlunchasusual”可知此处要填noon，表示中午回到家。故选C。4．A.spend B．takeC．spare D．lend解析：选C根据下文可知，父亲问我是否能抽出一点时间。故选C。5．A.thing B．hourC．question D．minute解析：选D根据“IlookedatthetimeandfoundIdidn'thavemuchtimeleft.”，再联系上下文可知父亲问我是否能抽出一分钟的时间，故选D。6．A.easy B．happyC．quick D．simple解析：选C根据上一句“IlookedatthetimeandfoundIdidn'thavemuchtimeleft.”可知，我剩下的时间不多了，让父亲快点。故选C。7．A.impolite B．politeC．patient D．busy解析：选D此处是说，父亲知道我很忙，因此就问两个问题。故选D。8．A.lookabout B．makesureC．findout D．takeout解析：选C此处是父亲问我的第一个问题：你弄清楚了你为我们这一家人做了多少事情吗？findout“弄清楚”，故选C。9．A.family B．membersC．house D．promise解析：选A参见上题解析。10．A.bed B．schoolC．table D．home解析：选B上文说到，我吃过午饭要去上学时父亲问了我两个问题，此处应该是我回到了学校。beatschool“在学校”，故选B。11．A.suddenly B．obviouslyC．clearly D．simply解析：选A根据上下文可知，我没有想到父亲会突然问我这样的问题，故A项符合语境。12．A.surprising B．painingC．puzzling D．delighting解析：选C我不明白父亲为什么会问这样的问题，朋友问我是什么让我迷惑不解。puzzle“使迷惑”，故选C。13．A.dangerous B．normalC．valuable D．important解析：选D从后一句“Youknow,IneverdoanythingorsayhellotoanybodywhenIamathome,either.”可知，我的朋友认为不问候家人不是件重要的事情。故选D。14．A.family B．classC．neighbor D．town解析：选B朋友又说，我们班有90%的同学不做这些事(问候家人)。根据语境可知选B。15．A.wondered B．understoodC．knew D．noticed解析：选B听了朋友的话，我明白了父亲为什么要问我这样的问题。故选B。16．A.way B．exerciseC．chance D．manners解析：选Ditisgoodmannerstodosth.“做某事是有礼貌的”，固定搭配。故选D。17．A.thinkabout B．careaboutC．callfor D．huntfor解析：选B此处是说，我们大部分学生不知道甚至不在意这一切。careabout“关心，在乎”，故选B。18．A.force B．remindC．allow D．ask解析：选B我应当提醒我的同学尽快地意识到他们的举止，而不是强迫、允许或要求。故选B。19．A.home B．lateC．sorry D．hungry解析：选A上一句的“whenIgothome”呼应此处的空缺：我回到家问候妈妈“Hi,Mum,I'mhome.”故选A。20．A.cake B．suggestionC．smile D．chance解析：选C妈妈看着我，冲我开心地笑了。givesb.asmile“对某人微笑”，故选C。tips完形填空之利用前后语境解题近几年高考英语完形填空的最大特点是重点考查语境理解。所谓语境，就是指文章上下文之间的联系，它包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。正因为完形填空题主要考查考生对语境的理解能力，所以空格的前后多有暗示(后文暗示前文的居多)。考生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章的内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系，结合语境辨析所给选项，从中选出最符合语境的选项。例如上文第3题，根据下文的“Butoneday,whenIwasreadytogotoschoolafterlunchasusual”可知第3题要填noon，表示中午回到家。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Haveyouevernoticedthatwhenyourfriendlikessomething,youlikeit,too.It'sthesituationof“Loveme,lovemydog.”1ASmokingcanbeinfluentialamongfriends.15yearsago,itseemedthateveryoneIknewsmoked.2Smokingisforbiddeninoffices,restaurants,andotherpublicplaces.Smokersandnonsmokersdon'thangoutwitheachotherasmuch.So,ifyou'reasmoker,keepinmindthatifyouquit,yourfriendsarelikelytofollowsuit.Andifyoudon'tsmoke,benicetothatguyintheofficesmokingoutside.Maybeyoucanpassyourhealthyhabittohim.Donationcanbeaffectedbyfriends.3In4Expertshavefoundthathavingafirst­degreefriendwhoishappyincreasesyourpossibilityofhappinessby15percent.Ifthatfriendliveslessthanamileaway,theeffectgoesupto25percent.Whenyouhaveathird­degreefriendwhoishappy,yourpossibilityofbeinghappyincreasesbyalargerpercent.5A．Sogooutandmakeahappyfriend.B．Beinghappymakesyouextremelyattractive.C．Levelsofhappinesscanbeinfluencedamongfriends.D．Whenyourfriendhatessomething,youalsohateit.E．Trynottohangoutwithsmokersifyouareanonsmoker.F．80percentofpeoplegaveawaythingsbecauseofpeoplearound.G．However,thechangesintheculturehavemadesmokingl