2021黑龙江省大庆中学高一下学期开学考试英语试题解析

黑龙江省大庆中学2021—2021学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题一、阅读选择Ifyou'retravellingwithkidsinLondon,manyLondonhotelshavespecialservicesandfeaturestohelpthefamilyholiday,offeringservicesforkidsaswellasgames,bikehireandfreeicecream!AthenaeumThefive-starAthenaeumisafantasticfamilyhotel,particularlywiththeadditionofitskids'services.Evenbeforeyouarrive,they'llbeintouchtomakesureyourkidshavetheirfavoriteDVDs,treatsandanythingelsetokeepthemhappy.Andtheycanarrangeyourperfectfamilyactivities,frombikehiretotheatretickets.ChessingtonSafariHotelAtChessingtonSafariHotel,kidswilllovestayinginanAfricanadventure-themedroom,havingbreakfastoverlookingtheanimalsoftheWanyamaReserve,watchingfamily-friendlymoviesandgettingintothethemeparkbeforeitopens.MarlinApartmentsMarlinApartmentsoperatemorethan700servicedapartmentsinLondon.ApartmentsareallwithinfiveminuteswalkoftheTube(goodfortiredlittlelegs!)withflatscreenTVs,fullyequippedkitchenandfreeWi-Fi.Oneortwobedroomfamilyapartmentshaveextraroomforfoldoutbedsinthelivingareatoo.NovotelNovotel'sfamilyroomsaredesignedtoaccommodatetwoadultsandtwochildren.Accommodationandbreakfastarefreeforunder-16s(uptotwostayingintheirparents'room).Youcanalsoenjoyalatecheck-outat5p.m.onaSunday,andwhileyouliein,thekidscanentertainthemselveswiththeCartoonNetwork.TheRitzKidsatTheRitzaretreatedjustaswellastheirparents,ifnotbetter!ChildrencanenjoycomputergamesandDVDs,freeicecreamandtheirownbathrobesandslippers.Under-16scanstayforfreeintheirparents'bedroom,dependingontheroomtype.1．BeforeyoucheckinAthenaeum,.A．youshouldaskaboutthekids'servicesB．youcanbuybikesandordertheatreticketsC．youwillbeaskedaboutwhatyourkidslikeD．youmustarrangeyourfamilyactivities2．Ifyourkidslovetoseeanimals,youwillchoose.A．Athenaeum B．ChessingtonSafariHotelC．Novotel D．TheRitz3．IfyouchoosetostayatMarlinApartments,

.A．youcanenjoythebestserviceinLondonB．youcanenjoyfreeicecreamC．youcanhaveanextraroomforfreeD．youcansurftheInternetfreeofcharge【答案】1．C2．B3．D【分析】本文是一篇旅行广告，介绍伦敦的酒店。如果你和孩子们一起在伦敦旅行，许多伦敦酒店都有特别的效劳和特色来帮助家庭度假，为孩子们提供效劳以及游戏、自行车租赁和免费冰淇淋!1．细节理解题。依据第二段的beforeyouarrive,they'llbeintouchtomakesureyourkids---可知，在你入住之前，他们会就孩子们的活动联系你。应选C。2．细节理解题。依据题干中的lovetoseeanimals可知根据ChessingtonSafariHotel中的overlookingtheanimalsoftheWanyamaReserve说明在这里居住能看到动物。应选B。3．细节理解题。依据第四段的fullyequippedkitchenandfreeWi-Fi.可知，住在这里你可以免费上网。应选D。IhavedreamtoftakingatriptoHawaiisinceIgraduated,butthebestthingalwaysneedswaiting.ItookatripwithmyfriendstoHaleakalaNationalPark,whichliesinHawaii.WhenwearrivedatHaleakalaNationalPark,wewereadvisedtowatchtheearlymorningsunrise.Iwaslostinthesightseeingthatafternoon,soIcouldhardlywaittoseethesunrise.Inthenextmorning,weallgotoutofbedveryearlyandgottotheseasideat3o’clock.Inthefirsthalfanhour,weimaginedhowwonderfulitwouldbewhenthefirstlightcameoutthroughthethickcloudsandhowsoftitwouldbewhenthelighttouchedourskin,sowewaitedandwaited.However,anotherhalfanhourlater,Igraduallylostmypatiencesincetherewasnothingbutthechillydarkness,andIfeltthatIwasfrozentodeath.Butmyfriendswerestillextremelycheerful.Nearlyanotheronehourlater,“Amazing!〞Judyburstoutandweallshoutedtowelcomethelight,whichwasreallyunbelievable.Untiltoday,Idaresaythatitisthemostimpressivesunriseinmylife.However,waitinginthemorningdarknessisalsoonememoryIcannotwipefrommymindforever.Waitingsometimesisreallyahardthingformostofusasitneedspatienceandstrong-willeddetermination,butwhatabouttheresultafterthat?Itmightturnouttobepleasing,unbelievableandsatisfying.So,itisreallyworthwhiletowaitforthebest.4．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Theauthor’sfriendsandtheauthortookatriptoChina.B．Hawaiiisagoodplacetoenjoythesunrise.C．Theauthorenjoyedtheworstsunriseinhislife.D．Sometimes,itisworthwhiletowaitforthebest.5．Whendidtheyseethefirstlightofthesunrise?A．Atabout3o’clock. B．Atabout4o’clock. C．Atnearly5o’clock. D．Atnearly6o’clock6．What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinParagraph2?A．Total. B．Cold C．Terrible D．Interesting7．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardswaitingforthesunrise?A．Excitedallthetime. B．Afraidallthetime.C．Firstlyexcitedthenafraid. D．Firstlyexcitedthenimpatient.【答案】4．D5．C6．B7．D【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文记叙了作者去哈雷阿卡拉国家公园看日出的过程，并由此事情而引发对生活的感慨。4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Waitingsometimesisreallyahardthingformostofusasitneedspatienceandstrong-willeddetermination,butwhatabouttheresultafterthat?Itmightturnouttobepleasing,unbelievableandsatisfying.So,itisreallyworthwhiletowaitforthebest.〞〔等待有时候对我们大多数人来说真的是一件很困难的事情，它需要耐心和坚强的决心，但之后的结果呢?这可能是令人愉快的，难以置信的，令人满意的。所以，等待最好的是值得的。〕可知，我们能从这篇文章中学到“耐心等待最好的结果是值得的〞的道理。应选D。5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Inthenextmorning,weallgotoutofbedveryearlyandgottotheseasideat3o’clock.Inthefirsthalfanhour,weimaginedhowwonderfulitwouldbewhenthefirstlightcameoutthroughthethickcloudsandhowsoftitwouldbewhenthelighttouchedourskin,sowewaitedandwaited.〞〔第二天早上，我们很早就起床了，3点钟就到了海边。在最初的半个小时里，我们想象着当第一缕阳光穿过厚厚的云层出来时是多么美妙，当阳光照射到我们的皮肤时又是多么柔软，于是我们等啊等啊。〕以及“However,anotherhalfanhourlater,Igraduallylostmypatiencesincetherewasnothingbutthechillydarkness,andIfeltthatIwasfrozentodeath.〞〔然而，又过了半个小时，我渐渐失去了耐心，因为除了寒冷的黑暗什么都没有，我觉得我已经被冻死了。〕可知，我们3点起床，期间等了一个小时，再根据第三段第一句“Nearlyanotheronehourlater,“Amazing!〞Judyburstoutandweallshoutedtowelcomethelight,whichwasreallyunbelievable.〞〔又过了一个小时，“太神奇了!〞朱迪冲了出来，我们都喊着欢送灯光，这真是难以置信。〕可见，又过去了一个小时，所以应该是大约在5点钟。应选C。6．词句猜想题。根据划线词后面的“andIfeltthatIwasfrozentodeath〞〔我感觉自己被冻死了〕可知，天气寒冷，由此推知划线词的意思是“寒冷的〞。应选B。7．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Inthefirsthalfanhour,weimaginedhowwonderfulitwouldbewhenthefirstlightcameoutthroughthethickcloudsandhowsoftitwouldbewhenthelighttouchedourskin,sowewaitedandwaited.〞〔在最初的半个小时里，我们想象着当第一缕阳光穿过厚厚的云层出来时是多么美妙，当阳光照射到我们的皮肤时又是多么柔软，于是我们等啊等啊。〕可知，作者一开始是很兴奋期待的；根据下文“However,anotherhalfanhourlater,Igraduallylostmypatiencesincetherewasnothingbutthechillydarkness,andIfeltthatIwasfrozentodeath.Butmyfriendswerestillextremelycheerful.〞〔然而，又过了半个小时，我渐渐失去了耐心，因为除了寒冷的黑暗什么都没有，我觉得我已经被冻死了。但我的朋友们仍然非常快乐。〕可推断出，作者开始很兴奋，但是后来失去耐心了。应选D。“Ifmusicisthemedicineofthesoul,letitplayon,〞saidafamousperson.Ithinkhesaidsoprobablybecausehehadgotsomehelpfrommusic.Musichassomestrangefunctions.Medicalscientistshavefoundthatapersonwhofeelsstressedcanactuallylistentoacertainkindofmusicandbecomerelaxed.Researcherssaidthatsincestresscomesasaresultofsomeeventsinlifesuchasstartinganewfamily,startinganewbusinessandstartinganewjob,onecanactuallylistentogoodmusicandfeelgoodbecausegoodmusictoucheshumansinapositiveway.Musichelpsyouforgettheseeventsthatmakeyouworriedandremembertheimportanteventsthatoncehappenedinyourlife.Depression(抑郁症)isadiseasecausedbystress,smoking,socialproblems,etc.Depressionisalsocausedbydifficultiessuchasfailureinbusiness.Depressionmaybringusweakness,headachesandlossofconcentration.Goodmusicmakesonerememberhappymomentsordays.Ifyouplaymusicaboutlove,itmakesyoufeellikefallinginloveagainthoughyoumayhavehadseveralupsetexperiences.Andsuchgoodfeelingsmakeyouhealthy.Anxietyisanotherhealthproblemthatcanbecontrolledbymusic.Anxietyisoneofthesideeffectsofsomemajorhealthproblemssuchaslivercancerandbreastcancer.Goodmusicmakesyoufeelrelaxedandrelievesthepaincausedbythesediseasesandyouwillfeelbetter.Goodmusicalsomakesyousleepbetter,andyouneedtoknowthatsleepputsyourbodyinahealthycondition.Goodsleeptakesawaytheeffectsofstress,depressionandanxietyfromaperson.8．WhatdoyouknowaboutmusicaccordingtothefamouspersoninParagraph1?A．Musiccantreatmanykindsofdiseases.B．Musiccanhelpyoukeepmentallyhealthy.C．Musiccantaketheplaceofmedicineintreatingillness.D．Musiccanmakeyourememberthingsthathappenedinthepast.9．Howdoesgoodmusichelppeopleremovestress?A．Bylettingpeoplehaveagoodsleep. B．Bymakingpeoplethinkpositively.C．Byshowingsomethingnewtopeople. D．Bymakingpeoplefocusonlyonimportantthings.10．Accordingtothepassage,whatwillonewhohascancermostprobablyexperience?A．Stress B．Depression. C．Anxiety. D．Upset11．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Thebenefitsoflisteningtomusictohealth.B．Stresscanbringusmanykindsofdiseases.C．Somediseaseshavesomethingtodowithmusic.D．Tipsforustoliveahealthyandcomfortablelife.【答案】8．B9．B10．C11．A【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了医学科学家发现，一个感到紧张的人实际上可以听某种音乐，让自己放松下来。8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段““Ifmusicisthemedicineofthesoul,letitplayon,〞saidafamousperson.Ithinkhesaidsoprobablybecausehehadgotsomehelpfrommusic.〞〔“如果音乐是心灵的良药，就让它继续演奏吧，〞一位名人说。我想他这么说可能是因为他从音乐中得到了一些帮助。〕可推知，音乐可以帮助你保持精神健康。应选B。9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“onecanactuallylistentogoodmusicandfeelgoodbecausegoodmusictoucheshumansinapositiveway.〞〔一个人实际上可以听好的音乐并感觉良好，因为好的音乐以积极的方式触动人类。〕可知，好的音乐通过让人们积极思考来移除压力。应选B。10．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Anxietyisoneofthesideeffectsofsomemajorhealthproblemssuchaslivercancerandbreastcancer.〞〔焦虑是一些主要健康问题的副作用之一，如肝癌和乳腺癌。〕可知，患了癌症的人最有可能经历焦虑。应选C。11．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Musichassomestrangefunctions.Medicalscientistshavefoundthatapersonwhofeelsstressedcanactuallylistentoacertainkindofmusicandbecomerelaxed.〞〔音乐有一些奇怪的功能。医学科学家发现，一个感到紧张的人实际上可以听某种音乐，让自己放松下来。〕可知，文章主要在讲述听音乐对健康的好处。应选A。EarlywhenIwashavingmyfirstgoatbeingafather,ourfamilylivedinPhiladelphia,andnearourhousetherewasasmallplaygroundwhereboysgatheredforballgames.Mysonlovedplayingsports,buthewasunpreparedforwhatdevelopedashisfriendsgrewolder.Afteryearstogetherlaughingandplaying,severaloftheboysgrewangryandunkind.Finally,theyturnedonmyson,leavinghimoutoftheirgames.Atfirst,Itriedtoencouragehimsohewouldgivetheplaygroundanothergo.ButoneSaturdaymorningItoldhimhecouldnotcomeintothehouse.“Youhavetofigurethisout,〞Isaid.“I’llstaywithyouaslongasyouneed,butIcannotletyoujustgiveup.〞Hecried.Ikeptsaying:“Youcandoit.〞DidIdotherightthing?EvennowI’mnotsure.Hedidgobacktotheplayground.Butwhileteachinghimtostandupforhimself,wasIalsopassingalongtheprejudicethataboyshouldoverridehispainandneverbackdownfromafight?Researchhasfoundhighschoolboysaremorelikelythangirlstohavebeeninafightinthepastyearandboysaremorelikelytohavebeenvictimsofviolence.WhenIwasyoung,Iwenttoanall-boyshighschoolwherethebiggerandmoreviolentguysruled.Onespring,afteraschooldance,afightbrokeout.Oneofthem,anolderboyotherssaidwas“crazy,〞waskickinganotherboy,whowasseriouslyinjuredthatnight.Ihaveneverforgottenthat.Asapsychologist,Ihavespokenwithmanyyoungmenwhohavehadsimilarlysadexperiences,andIhaveheardfrommanyparentsabouttheinfluenceontheirsons.Whenhavingstressfulexperienceslikethese,boysoftenpullawayfromtheirfamilies.Theparents,understandably,feelanxious,butwhattheycando,mustdo,fortheirsonsisneverunderestimatethepoweroflisteningtothem,knowingthem,andstandingbythem.12．Howdidtheauthor’ssonfeelduringhisfirstyearsontheplayground?A．Proud. B．Happy. C．Unprepared. D．Unwelcome.13．Whatdidtheauthordotoencouragehissontoreturntotheplayground?A．Hecomfortedhim. B．Hewenttherewithhim.C．Hepushedhimforward. D．Hehadatalkwiththeotherboys.14．Whydoestheauthormentiontheboyinjuredinafight?A．Toshowtheharmofviolence. B．Toshowviolenceisinborninboys.C．Toshowfightingiscommoninboys. D．Toshowuncontrolledviolenceatschool.15．Whatdoestheauthoradviseparentstodofortheirsons?A．Leavethemalone. B．Setagoodexampleforthem.C．Teachthemnevertogiveup. D．Understandandsupportthem.【答案】12．B13．C14．A15．D【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中作者通过自己的儿子被其他男孩孤立，作者通过鼓励让儿子重新回到了操场上。从这件事，也让作者意识到暴力可以对男孩产生不良的影响和危害，父母应当支持他们的孩子。12．推理判断题。根据第一段“EarlywhenIwashavingmyfirstgoatbeingafather,ourfamilylivedinPhiladelphia,andnearourhousetherewasasmallplaygroundwhereboysgatheredforballgames.Mysonlovedplayingsports,buthewasunpreparedforwhatdevelopedashisfriendsgrewolder.(早在我初为人父的时候，我们家住在费城，我们家附近有一个小操场，男孩们都聚集在那里打球。我的儿子喜欢运动，但他对朋友们长大后的开展毫无准备)〞可推知，作者的儿子第一年在操场上感觉开心。应选B。13．细节理解题。根据第三段“Atfirst,Itriedtoencouragehimsohewouldgivetheplaygroundanothergo.ButoneSaturdaymorningItoldhimhecouldnotcomeintothehouse.“Youhavetofigurethisout,〞Isaid.“I’llstaywithyouaslongasyouneed,butIcannotletyoujustgiveup.〞Hecried.Ikeptsaying:“Youcandoit.〞(一开始，我试着鼓励他，让他再试一次。但在一个星期六的早晨，我告诉他不能进屋。“你得想清楚，〞我说。“只要你需要，我就会陪着你，但我不能让你就这样放弃。〞他哭了。我一直在说：“你能做到的。〞)〞可知，作者通过推动儿子向前，来鼓励他的儿子回到操场。应选C。14．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Ihaveneverforgottenthat.Asapsychologist,Ihavespokenwithmanyyoungmenwhohavehadsimilarlysadexperiences,andIhaveheardfrommanyparentsabouttheinfluenceontheirsons.Whenhavingstressfulexperienceslikethese,boysoftenpullawayfromtheirfamilies.(我从来没有忘记过这一点。作为一名心理学家，我与许多有类似悲伤经历的年轻男性交谈过，我也从许多父母那里听到了这种经历对他们儿子的影响。当遇到这样的压力时，男孩们通常会离开他们的家庭)〞可推知，作者提到一个在打架中受伤的男孩是为了说明暴力的危害。应选A。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theparents,understandably,feelanxious,butwhattheycando,mustdo,fortheirsonsisneverunderestimatethepoweroflisteningtothem,knowingthem,andstandingbythem.(父母们感到焦虑，这是可以理解的，但是为了他们的儿子，他们能做的，必须做的就是永远不要低估倾听他们、了解他们、支持他们的力量)〞可推知，作者建议父母理解和支持他们的儿子。应选D。二、七选五Anyonecanbeamentor(导师).Butnoteveryonecanbeagreatone.What’simportantisforthatpersontounderstandandteachstudentshowtoachievetheirgoals.Sohere’sachecklisttohelpyoufindagreatmentor.16．Effective(有效的)guidancerequireslisteningclosely.17．Thatinformationcanthenguidethementor’sadviceandactions.Onlybylisteningcarefullytowhatyousaycanthesementorsunderstandwhatyoumightneedtosucceed.Considerpeoplewhoreallylovetheirwork.Interestisthebestteacher.Peoplewholovewhattheydooftencanmakeacompelling(非常强烈的)casewhyyoumightlovethattopic,too.18．Iftheyrealizeyoufindthatfieldsuper-interesting,theyoftenwillbeencouragedtohelpyousucceedinit.Don’truleoutnon-experts(非专家).Mentorsdon’talwayshavetobeexperts.Inmostcases,mentorsareteachers.19．Theycanhelpayoungerstudentwithwhattheyneed.Anolderstudentwho’sbeeninsciencemighthavejusttherightadvicetohelpayoungerstudentdoingascientificproject.Don’tbeafraidtoaskforhelp.20．Someofthebestmentorsarethosewhoareabridgebetweenayouthandanothermentor.Makingthatintroductionmightseemsmall.Butifthisfillsastudent’sneeds,it’satypeofmentoring,too.A．Findsomeonewhohearsyou.B．Lookforsomeonetohelpyoubeabetteryou.C．Butsometimes,olderstudentscanbementors.D．Theywouldalwaysmakeyoubelieveinyourselves.E.Manygrown-ups,likeparents,canofferhelpinfindingamentor.F.Mentorsmustrealizethatastudent’sthoughtsmightdifferfromtheirown.G.Thesepeoplealsolovetohelpothersseewhatmakestheirworksoattractive.【答案】16．A17．F18．G19．C20．E【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可以帮助自己找到一名优秀的导师的方法。16．设空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Effective(有效的)guidancerequireslisteningclosely〞〔有效的指导需要仔细倾听〕可知，本段内容和“倾听〞有关,且根据下文小标题结构可知，是祈使句。A项：Findsomeonewhohearsyou.〔找一个能听你说话的人。〕符合语境。应选A。17．根据下文“Thatinformationcanthenguidethementor’sadviceandactions.Onlybylisteningcarefullytowhatyousaycanthesementorsunderstandwhatyoumightneedtosucceed.〞〔这些信息可以指导指导者的建议和行动。只有仔细听你说的话，这些导师才能理解你可能需要什么才能成功。〕可知，上文提到了导师要注意倾听，由此推知设空处可能陈述，导师倾听并意识到学生的不同想法。F项：Mentorsmustrealizethatastudent’sthoughtsmightdifferfromtheirown.〔导师必须意识到学生的想法可能与他们自己的不同。〕符合语境。应选F。18．根据本段标题“Considerpeoplewhoreallylovetheirwork.〞〔考虑那些真正热爱自己工作的人吧。〕和上文“Peoplewholovewhattheydooftencanmakeacompelling(非常强烈的)casewhyyoumightlovethattopic,too〞〔喜欢他们所做的事情的人通常会给出一个令人信服的理由来解释为什么你也会喜欢那个话题〕可推知，空处可能陈述解释考虑真正热爱自己工作的人的原因。G项：Thesepeoplealsolovetohelpothersseewhatmakestheirworksoattractive.〔这些人也喜欢帮助别人看到是什么让他们的作品如此吸引人。〕符合语境。应选G。19．根据本段标题“Don’truleoutnon-experts〞〔不要把非专业人士排除在外〕和下文“Theycanhelpayoungerstudentwithwhattheyneed.〞〔他们可以帮助年轻学生满足他们的需要。〕可知，空处提到了非专业人士，结合“they〞可知，为复数形式。C项：Butsometimes,olderstudentscanbementors.〔但有时，年长的学生可以成为导师。〕符合语境。应选C。20．根据下文“Someofthebestmentorsarethosewhoareabridgebetweenayouthandanothermentor.〞〔一些最好的导师是年轻人和其他导师之间的桥梁。〕可知，上文应该提到了可以提供帮助的一些人。E项：Manygrown-ups,likeparents,canofferhelpinfindingamentor.〔许多成年人，像父母一样，可以在寻找导师方面提供帮助。〕符合语境。应选E。三、完形填空Iwasbornwithaheartdisease.AsIgrewup,partsofmyheartstartedto21

andIwasoftenoutofbreath.SowhenIwaseight,thedoctorsopenedmychestto22

it.Whentheysawthestateofmyheart,theytoldmyparents,“Wedon’texpecthimto23

thenight.〞Iwasinandoutofacoma(昏迷)forthreemonths.EverydaythefactthatIwasn’t24

wasagoodthing.Finally,thedoctors25

I’dbebetteroffathome—sayingthatIwasn’tgoingtolivelong.ButI26

andhadsomethingclosetoa27

childhood.Asateenager,Ibeganto28

heartfailureagain.ButIwas29

togotocollege,becomeamanagerandgetmarriedtoJo.Istartedmyown30

soIcouldworkflexible(灵活的)hours,31

JoandIhadtwochildren:JoshandLiam.I32

tokeepagoodstandardoflifeforeveryone,evenwhenIwaswakingupfeelingsickeverymorning.ByJanuarylastyear,myheartfailurewasso33

Ioftencouldn’twalkmorethanafewyards.Iwasworriedaboutnotbeingaroundformy34.IhadtoexplaintoJoshthatthe35

tellingmeanorgan(器官)hadbeenfoundcouldcomeanytimeandI’dberushedtohospital,perhaps36

Icouldsaygoodbye.Afewdayslater,thephonerangandJoshsaid,“Isthatthedoctorwithyournew37?〞Howeveritwas38

asalesman.May4wasthedayatransplant(移植)matchwasfound.Iwasoutofhospitalwithinfiveweeksand,withinafew39,feelingmuchbetter.ByOctober,Iwastakingpartina30-milebikeride.ThesedaysIspendalotoftimetalkingtokidswithheart40.Iwanttosupportotherswho’vehadahardtime.21．A．feel B．fail C．improve D．work22．A．repair B．discover C．hear D．prevent23．A．stay B．waste C．see D．last24．A．dead B．sad C．sick D．worried25．A．expected B．decided C．required D．learned26．A．wentout B．gaveup C．lookedback D．carriedon27．A．lucky B．normal C．busy D．poor28．A．stop B．accept C．experience D．examine29．A．ready B．likely C．able D．sure30．A．ride B．family C．holiday D．company31．A．and B．but C．since D．unless32．A．waited B．tried C．agreed D．offered33．A．easy B．quiet C．bad D．strange34．A．children B．parents C．wife D．doctors35．A．person B．letter C．call D．note36．A．when B．before C．although D．if37．A．heart B．bike C．drug D．address38．A．then B．yet C．just D．soon39．A．days B．weeks C．months D．years40．A．conditions B．problems C．operations D．transplants【答案】21．B22．A23．D24．A25．B26．D27．B28．C29．C30．D31．A32．B33．C34．A35．C36．B37．A38．C39．C40．B【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者虽然患有先天性心脏病，但却没有退缩，勇敢面对学习和生活，坚强地活了下去并努力让家人过高品质的生活。21．B。考查动词辨析。句意：随着我长大，我的心脏开始衰竭，我经常上气不接下气。A.feel感觉；B.fail失败；C.improve改良；D.work工作。根据该句中的Iwasoftenoutofbreath可知，作者的心脏开始衰竭。下文的heartfailure为提示，应选B。22．A。考查动词辨析。句意：所以当我八岁的时候，医生给我开胸来修复我的心脏。A.repair修复；B.discover发现；C.hear听见；D.prevent防止。根据文章第一句Iwasbornwithaheartdisease可知，医生想要修复作者的心脏，应选A。23．D。考查动词辨析。句意：当他们看到我心脏的情况时，他们告诉我的父母：“估计他可能熬不过今晚〞。A.stay呆；B.waste浪费；C.see看见；D.last持续。根据下文的sayingthatIwasn'tgoingtolivelong可知，医生觉得作者的情况不容乐观，可能熬不过当晚，应选D。24．A。考查形容词辨析。句意：我没有死是一件值得庆幸的事。A.dead死的；B.sad伤心的；C.sick虚弱的；D.worried担忧的。根据上文的Iwasinandoutofacomaforthreemonths可知，作者每天还活着是一件值得庆幸的事，应选A。25．B。考查动词辨析。句意：最后，医生们决定我最好回家——说我活不了多久。A.expected料想；B.decided决定；C.required要求；D.learned学习。根据破折号后的内容可知，医生决定作者最好还是回家〔等待死亡〕，应选A。26．D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：但我还是活了下来，而且有一个接近正常的童年。A.wentout出去；B.gaveup放弃；C.lookedback回忆；D.carriedon继续。根据上文的sayingthatIwasn'tgoingtolivelong和转折连词But可知，作者没有让生命很快止步，而是继续活了下去，应选D。27．B。考查形容词辨析。句意同上。A.lucky幸运的；B.normal正常的；C.busy忙碌的；D.poor贫穷的。根据下文讲述青少年和成年后的正常生活可知，作者的童年也根本和其他孩子一样，应选B。28．C。考查动词辨析。句意：青少年时期我又曾经历了心力衰竭。A.stop停止；B.accept接受；C.experience经历；D.examine检查。作者有心脏病，所以青少年时期又经历了心力衰竭，应选C。29．C。考查形容词辨析。句意：但我上了大学，成为了一名经理，还娶了乔。A.ready准备好的；B.likely可能的；C.able能够；D.sure一定。根据转折连词But可知，虽然作者在青少年时期又开始经历心力衰竭，但他还是上了大学，成为一名经理并且娶妻生子，用able表示能力，应选C。30．D。考查名词辨析。句意：我创办了自己的公司，这样我就可以灵活地工作，乔和我养育了两个孩子：乔希和利亚姆。A.ride骑行；B.family家庭；C.holiday假期；D.company公司。根据接下来的soIcouldworkflexiblehours可知，作者为了有灵活的工作时间，这说明他自己创办了公司，应选D。31．A。考查连词辨析。句意同上。A.and并且；B.but但是；C.since既然；D.unless除非。“创办自己的公司〞和“我们有了两个孩子〞之间为并列关系，应选A。32．B。考查动词辨析。句意：我努力让家人过上高品质的生活，即使我每天早上醒来都感觉不舒服。A.waited等待；B.tried努力；C.agreed同意；D.offered提供。根据上文表达作者的工作和家庭经历可知，作者努力让家人过上高品质的生活，应选B。33．C。考查形容词辨析。句意：到了去年一月，我的心力衰竭非常严重，我常常走不了几码远。A.easy容易的；B.quiet安静的；C.bad不好的；D.strange奇怪的。根据下文的Ioftencouldn'twalkmorethanafewyards可知，作者的心力衰竭变得非常严重，应选C。34．A。考查名词辨析。句意：我担忧不能陪伴我的孩子。A.children孩子；B.parents父母；C.wife妻子；D.doctors医生。根据下文描述给儿子解释可知，作者担忧自己不在孩子身边，应选A。35．C。考查名词辨析。句意我不得不向乔希解释，告诉我找到了适宜的器官的随时都可能打来，我可能会被紧急送往医院，也许还没等我说再见。A.person人；B.letter信；C.call；D.note便条。根据下文的thephonerang可知，作者会随时接到有关捐献器官的，应选C。36．B。考查连词辨析。句意同上。A.when当……时；B.before在……之前；C.although尽管；D.if如果。根据上文的comeanytimeandI'dberushedtohospital可知，作者觉得可能会来不及和儿子辞别，应选B。37．A。考查名词辨析。句意：几天后，响了，乔希问：“是你换新心脏的医生吗？〞A.heart心脏；B.bike自行车；C.drug药物；D.address地址。联系上下文可知，作者需要移植新的心脏，应选A。38．C。考查副词辨析。句意：然而，那只是一名推销员打来的。A.then那时；B.yet还；C.just只是；D.soon很快。根据句首的转折副词However可知，只是一名推销员打来的，应选C。39．C。考查名词辨析。句意：几个月后我感觉越来越好。A.days天；B.weeks周；C.months月；D.years年。根据该段首句May4wasthedayatransplantmatchwasfound和下文的October可知，作者几个月后感觉越来越好，应选C。40．B。考查名词辨析。句意：这些天我花了很多时间和有心脏病的孩子聊天。A.conditions情况；B.problems问题；C.operations手术；D.transplants移植。作者是一名心脏病患者并经历了太多痛苦，因此他要鼓励那些同样有心脏问题的孩子们，应选B。四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容〔1个单词〕或括号内单词的正确形式。Toolshavelongbeenimportantinthe41．(develop)ofhumancivilization(文明).Peopleusedtothinkthatonlyhumanshadtheability42．(make)tools.Thenscientistswere43．(surprise)todiscoverthatsomeanimalsalsomaketools.Andguesswhat?Somebirdscanmaketools,too!Thewoodpeckerfinchisabirdthat’snativetotheGalapagosIslands.It’sfamous44．itstoolusebehaviorinthewild.Sinceitsbeak(鸟喙)can’talwaysgetintothesmallholes45．insectslive,thebirdfindsatwig(细枝)oftheperfectsizeanduses46．asatooltoforceinsectsoutoftheirhidingplaces.Adifferenttypeoffinch,calledacactusfinch,hasalsolearnedthisskillby47．(follow)thewoodpeckerfinch.How’sthatforsmart?Sometimes,birdsevenusehumanstohelpthem.Carrioncrows(小嘴乌鸦)inJapanhavebeenseenplacingwalnuts(核桃)onbusyhighways.Thesecrowshavefiguredoutthatit’s48．(simple)tohaveacarbreakanutforthemthantoopenitusingtheirbeaks.Thecrowfirstdropsthenutonthehighwayandthenfliestoasafeplace.Next,it49．(patient)waitsforacartorunoverthenut.Oncethenutisbroken,thecrow50．(watch)forthetrafficlightstochangeandthecarstostop.Itthenfliesdowntoeatitsfreshlyopenedtreat!【答案】41．development42．tomake43．surprised44．for45．where46．it47．following48．simpler49．patiently50．watc