2021-2022学年新教材高中英语UNIT2THEUNIVERSALLANGUAGES3课后练习含解析译林版选择性必修第一册

Unit2TheUniversalLanguageS3Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Hehasn'tthecouragetogoagainstthe__________(流动)ofpublicopinion.2.Allhumanbeings__________(拥有)abodyclock.3.AllofthismakestheactionsofthehomelessTomSmithevenmore__________(引人注目的)．(2018·北京)4.Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt­freefur—unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroying__________(辽阔的)wetlandseveryyear.(2020·全国Ⅱ)5.Theartist's__________(名声)hadmadehimproud.(2020·全国Ⅲ)6.Ialsobegantofindsomethingelse,acollectionofscientists,usually__________(聪颖的),occasionallyhalf­mad,whomadethediscoveries.7.InDallas,onedollarinvestedinartscouldharvestan__________(意想不到的)returnofnearly$300.(2018·江苏)8.Idoknowhow__________(难过的)theshopstaffcanget,butItrytopersuadethemtokeepsmiling.(2020·全国Ⅲ)9.Surroundyourselfwith__________(鼓舞人心的)individualswhochallengeyoutobebetter.10.Mostpeopledon't;thereareonlyafew__________(天才).(2020·天津)【答案】1.stream2.possess3.remarkable4.vast5.reputation6.brilliant7．extraordinary8.upset9.uplifting10.geniusesⅡ.单句语法填空1.Thepolicefoundthelosttreasureinan__________(abandon)well.2.Mr.Liwas__________(enthusiasm)aboutpoliticswhenhewasincollege.3.FrankHurley,aconfidentand__________(gift)AustralianphotographerwhoknewtheAntarctic,washiredtomaketheimages.4.Whomadethemostaccurate__________(predict)oftheirfuturelifesatisfaction?5.Lonelinessisaserioussocialproblemthatcancontributeto__________(depress)andevencrimes.(2020·天津)6.RightafterErintook__________(possess)ofmywalletonthebus，shepostedapictureofmydriver'slicencetoanonlineforum(论坛)，tryingtoseeifanyoneknewme.(2019·天津)7.Iran__________(desperate)butfailedtocatchup.(2020·浙江7月)8.Thetechnologyrecordsanactor's__________(perform)andlaterprocessesitwithcomputergraphicstocreateafinalimage(图像).(2020·全国Ⅲ)9.Theyexercisedona__________(complete)emptystomachafteralongovernightfast(禁食).10.Understandinghergoodintentions,IeatallthefoodthatisprovidedbyMumwith__________(appreciate).(2020·全国Ⅲ)【答案】1.pletely10.appreciationⅢ.用合适的介词或副词填空1.Nowquiteafewmiddleschoolstudentsabandonthemselves__________Internetgamesanddelaytheirschooling.2.Anyonefound__________possessionofthisdrugwillbepunishedimmediately.3.Seeingthatnobodywasveryenthusiastic__________it,theydecidedtocancelthetrip.4.All__________asudden,awarmfeelingofsympathyroseupinmyheart.5.Theymighthavesolvedtheproblem__________ease.6.Acrowd__________onlookersgatheredatthesceneofthecrash.7.WhenIraisedthecurtains,daylightstreamed__________theroom.8.Shehadn'treadtheletterandsowasunaware__________itscontents.9.Thecompanyalsomakespredictions__________themarketoutlook.10.Thekindoldladyofferedtotake__________thepoorhomelessstranger.【答案】1.o8.of9.about10.inⅣ.完成句子1.我们到达时，会议已开始十多分钟了。Bythetimewearrived,themeeting________________forovertenminutes.2.彼得原本打算在商界工作，但2020年在加拿大经历了不愉快的经历后，他放弃了这个计划。Peter______________________ajobinbusiness，butabandonedthatplanaftertheunpleasantexperienceinCanadain2020.3.我妈妈总是告诉我们，覆水难收。Mymotheralwaystoldus____________________overspiltmilk.4.公众学习一项新技术需要时间。It__________________________________________anewtechnology.5.出于好奇，这个女孩迫不及待地打开信封。Outofcuriosity,thegirl____________________theenvelope.【答案】1.hadbeenon2.hadintendedtotake3.itisnousecrying4.takestimeforthepublictolearnabout5.can'twaittoopenⅤ.阅读理解AIn1947agroupoffamouspeoplefromtheartworldheadedbyanAustrianconductordecidedtoholdaninternationalfestivalofmusic，danceandtheatreinEdinburgh.TheideawastoreuniteEuropeaftertheSecondWorldWar.Atthesametime,the“Fringe”appearedasachallengetotheofficialfestival.Eighttheatregroupsturnedupuninvitedin1947，inthebeliefthateveryoneshouldhavetherighttoperform，andtheydidsoinapublichousedisusedforyears.Soon，groupsofstudentsfirstlyfromEdinburghUniversity,andlaterfromtheuniversitiesofOxfordandCambridge，DurhamandBirminghamweremakingthejourneytotheScottishcapitaleachsummertoperformtheatrebylittle­knownwritersofplaysinsmallchurchhallstothepeopleofEdinburgh.Todaythe“Fringe”，oncelessrecognized,hasfaroutgrownthefestivalwitharound1，500performancesoftheatre，musicanddanceoneveryoneofthe21daysitlasts.Andyetasearlyas1959，withonly19theatregroupsperforming，somesaiditwasgettingtoobig.Apaidadministratorwasfirstemployedonlyin1971,andtodaythereareeightadministratorsworkingallyearroundandthenumberrisesto150duringAugustitself.In2004therewere200placeshousing1，695showsbyover600differentgroupsfrom50differentcountries.Morethan1，25millionticketsweresold.1.WhydidsomeuninvitedtheatregroupscometoEdinburghin1947?A.Theyownedapublichousethere.B.Theycametotakeupachallenge.C.Theythoughttheywerealsofamous.D.Theywantedtotakepartinthefestival.2.Whojoinedthe“Fringe”afteritappeared?A.Theyownedapublichousethere.B.Universitystudents.C.Artistsfromaroundtheworld.D.Performersofmusicanddance.3.WemaylearnfromthetextthatEdinburghFestival________.A.hasbecomeanon­officialeventB.hasgonebeyondanartfestivalC.givesshowsallyearroundD.keepsgrowingrapidly【答案及解析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍爱丁堡音乐节的形成和发展。文章按照时间顺序，从创设目的、参与群体、发展规模等方面进行了简要而准确的叙述，回顾了爱丁堡音乐节的发展历程。1．D细节理解题。由第二段中的Eighttheatregroupsturnedupuninvitedin1947,inthebeliefthateveryoneshouldhavetherighttoperform可知，他们认为每个人都有表演的权力，他们想要参加节日。故选D。2．B细节理解题。由第三段内容可知，一批批学生首先来自爱丁堡大学，后来来自牛津大学、剑桥大学等都加入了，所以是大学生。故选B。3．D推理判断题。由最后一段中的todaythereareeightadministratorsworkingallyearroundandthenumberrisesto150duringAugustitself.In2004therewere200placeshousing1，695showsbyover600differentgroupsfrom50differentcountries可知，它发展得非常快。故选D。B(2020·山东省青岛市高二下学期调研考试)VijayGuptaisknowntoclassicalmusicloversacrosstheUnitedStates.HeservesasfirstviolinistfortheLosAngelesPhilharmonic.Inthatjob,heoftenplaystolargecrowds,includingmanyveryrichpeople.Whenheisnotperforming,heorganizesconcertsforhomelesspeople.“TheyhaveremindedmewhyIbecameamusician，”hesaid.Lastweek,GuptawasrecognizedforbeingafounderandtheartisticdirectorofStreetSymphony.Thegrouphasperformedathomelessshelters,jailsandhalfwayhousesforabouteightyears.Guptaisamongthe25winnersofthe2018MacArthurFellowship,commonlyknownasthe“geniusgrant(拨款)”.Eachwinnerwillreceive$625，000overfiveyearstouseastheywish.Themoneyiscomingfromaprivategroup,theJohnD.andKatherineT.MacArthurFoundation.Itawardsgrantstopeoplewhoseworkitconsidersexceptionalandthat“inspireshopeinusall”.GuptasaidhegottheideaforStreetSymphonywhileteachingNathanielAyers,atrainedmusicianwhosementalillnessledtohomelessness.The31­year­oldgrantwinnersaidhedoesnotknowyethowhewillspendthemoney.Hehasbeenaperformersinceagesevenandtheawardwillgivehim“spacetobreathe,planandlookahead”．AnotherwinnerisRebeccaSandefur,anassociateprofessorofsociologyandlawintheUniversityofIllinois.TheAssociatedPresssaysherresearchactivelysupportsnewwaystoinvolvepoorcommunitiesintheUSjusticesystem.47­year­oldSandefurcreatedthefirstnationalmappingofcivillegalaidproviders.Itshowswhichstateshadthefinancialresourcestoprovidesuchaidandwhichdidnot.Shealsofoundthatthecostoflegalservicesisonlyoneofthethingspreventingpoorpeoplefromgettinglawyers.Amongtheothersarefearsaboutunfairnessinthelegalsystem.Sandefurnotedthatalotofattentionhasbeenpaidtoproblemswiththecriminaljusticesystem,butmoreattentionmustbepaidtothecivilsideofthelaw,whichalsoaffectsmillionsofpeople.4.WhydidGuptawintheaward?A.Forperformingforlargecrowds.B.ForthefriendshipwithNathanielAyers.C.Forhisachievementsinclassicalmusic.D.Fororganizingagroupplayingforthehomeless.5.WhatdoweknowaboutMacArthurFellowship?A.Itisfoundedbythegovernment.B.Itoffers$625，000to25winnersin2018.C.Itallowsthewinnerstousethemoneyfreely.D.Itawardspeoplewhomakegreatcontributionstosociety.6.WhatwastheextraordinarythingthatSandefiirdid?A.Shemadethelegalsystemfairer.B.Sheofferedlegalaidstothepoorfreely.C.Shemadeiteasiertogetlegalhelpforthepoor.D.Shepaidmoreattentiontothecriminaljusticesystem.7.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Grantswinners,inspiringthepoorB.Thecityhomeless,inneedofhelpC.VijayGupta,anextraordinaryviolinistD.MacArthurFoundation,awardingexceptionalwork【答案及解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了美国两位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获奖者Gupta和Sandefiir分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助而激励穷人的故事。4．D细节理解题。根据第二段中的Thegrouphasperformedathomelessshelters,jailsandhalfwayhousesforabouteightyears.可知，Gupta获得该奖是因为他组织的街道交响乐团为流浪者演奏音乐，故D项正确。5．C细节理解题。根据第二段中的Eachwinnerwillreceive$625，000overfiveyearstouseastheywish.可知，获奖者将在五年内获得625，000美元的奖金，供其随意使用，故C项正确。6．C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的TheAssociatedPresssaysherresearchactivelysupportsnewwaystoinvolvepoorcommunitiesintheUSjusticesystem.可知，美联社称，Sandefiir的研究为贫困地区参与美国司法系统提供了新途径，由此可知，Sandefiir使穷人更容易获得法律援助，故C项正确。7．A标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了美国两位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获奖者Gupta和Sandefiir分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助而激励穷人的故事，故A项正确。Ⅵ.完形填空(2020·山东省济南市莱芜高二月考)Whenthe28­year­oldfarmerUretamet17­year­oldGracielainhishometownPampa,theyfellinlove.Twoyearslater,they__1__andsettleddown(定居)onthefarmwhereUretahadbeenbroughtup.Gracielahadmanybig__2__forthefarminhermind.Onedaywhenshewasona__3__overPampa,Gracielasuddenly__4__thatanotherfarmlookedlikeamilkingpail(桶).Gracielathoughtherfamilycouldcreatesomethingevenmore__5__ontheirownfarm—ahugeforest__6__likeherfavoritemusicalinstrument—theguitar.ButUretadidn'ttakehiswife's__7__seriously,saying,“We'lltalkaboutitlater.”Later__8__came.In1977,Gracieladiedsuddenlyofbraincanceratthe__9__ageof25whilecarryingtheirfifthchild.Afterhiswife'sdeath,Mr.Ureta__10__notsatisfyingherwish.Afewyearslater,Uretadecidedthatthebestwaytohonorhiswifewouldbeto__11__thebigworkofart.Afterthelocalgovernment__12__tohelpwiththeproject,Uretaandhischildrentookitontheirown.Onebyone,they__13__about7，000treesintothe“shapeofaguitar”.Ittookafewseasonsforthetreestotakeroots(生根),butUreta's__14__paidoff.WatchingtheforestgrowovertheyearsgaveGraciela'schildren__15__.“Itwastheclosestthingpossibletohavingmymotheralive，”MariaJulia,Ureta'sseconddaughter,said.1.A.gotpreparedB.gotmarriedC.becamewell­knownD.becamestressed2.A.testsB.tasksC.reasonsD.plans3.A.trainB.flightC.cloudD.bridge4.A.noticedB.rememberedC.recognizedD.expected5.A.expensiveB.funnyC.attractiveD.important6.A.treatedB.describedC.consideredD.shaped7.A.styleB.personalityC.ideaD.adventure8.A.hardlyB.neverC.stillD.always9.A.youngB.oldC.commonD.special10.A.keptB.suggestedC.enjoyedD.regretted11.A.copyB.paintC.createD.change12.A.promisedB.decidedC.volunteeredD.refused13.A.plantedB.carriedC.putD.collected14.A.smalldreamB.hardworkC.bigsuccessD.privatemoney15.A.pleasureB.comfortC.supportD.care【答案及解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了Ureta在妻子Graciela死后，为了实现妻子生前的愿望，种植了7000棵树并塑造成一个吉他的形状，以此来纪念妻子，森林也给了孩子们安慰。1．B句意：两年后，他们结婚了，在Ureta长大的农场里定居下来。A.gotprepared准备好；B.gotmarried结婚；C.becamewell­known变得出名；D.becamestressed变得紧张。结合上文theyfellinlove可知，他们相爱两年后结婚了。故选B。2．D句意：Graciela心中有许多关于农场的宏伟计划。A.tests测试；B.tasks任务；C.reasons理由；D.plans计划。结合下文forthefarminhermind可知，Graciela心中有许多关于农场的计划。故选D。3．B句意：一天，当Graciela乘飞机飞越Pampa时，她突然注意到另一个农场看起来像一个挤奶桶。A.train火车；B.flight航班；C.cloud云；D.bridge桥梁。根据下文thatanotherfarmlookedlikeamilkingpail可推知，是在空中看到一个农场看起来像一个挤奶桶，可推测是在乘飞机的时候。故选B。4．A句意同上。A.noticed注意到；B.remembered记住；C.recognized辨认；D.expected期待。根据下文thatanotherfarmlookedlikeamilkingpail可知，Graciela注意到一个农场的形状看起来像一样挤奶桶。故选A。5．C句意：Graciela认为她的家人可以在自己的农场里创造出更有吸引力的东西——一大片森林，形状就像她最喜欢的乐器——吉他。A.expensive昂贵的；B.funny有趣的；C.attractive有吸引力的；D.important重要的。结合下文likeherfavoritemusicalinstrument—theguitar可知，她认为她的家人可以在自己的农场里创造出更有吸引力的东西，形状就像一个吉他。故选C。6．D句意同上。A.treated对待；B.described描述；C.considered考虑；D.shaped成形。结合下文likeherfavoritemusicalinstrument—theguitar可知是形状像喜欢的乐器吉他。故选D。7．C句意：但是Ureta并没有把他妻子的想法当回事，他说：“我们以后再谈吧。”A.style风格；B.personality个性；C.idea想法；D.adventure冒险。结合下文We'lltalkaboutitlater.可知，Ureta并没有把他妻子的想法当回事。故选C。8．B句意：后来再也没到来。A.hardly几乎不；B.never从不；C.still仍然；D.always总是。根据下文In1977,Gracieladiedsuddenlyofbraincancer可知，Ureta说的“以后再谈”因为Graciela的突然去世再也没有来到。故选B。9．A句意：1977年，25岁的Graciela在怀第五个孩子时突然死于脑癌。A.young年轻的；B.old老的；C.common共同的；D.special特别的。根据下文ageof25可知，Graciela死时只有25岁，还很年轻。故选A。10．D句意：妻子死后，Ureta先生后悔没有满足她的愿望。A.kept保持；B.suggested建议；C.enjoyed享受；D.regretted后悔。结合后文notsatisfyingherwish可知Ureta先生后悔没有满足妻子的愿望。故选D。11．C句意：几年后，Ureta决定，纪念他妻子的最好方式就是创作这件伟大的艺术品。A.copy复制；B.paint绘画；C.create创造；D.change改变。结合后文Ureta为了纪念妻子，于是实现了当初妻子的愿望创造出了“吉他形状”的森林。故选C。12．D句意：在当地政府拒绝资助这个项目后，Ureta和他的孩子们自己承担了这个项目。A.promised承诺；B.decided决定；C.volunteered志愿；D.refused拒绝。结合后文Uretaandhischildrentookitontheirown可知，政府拒绝资助这个项目。故选D。13．A句意：他们一棵接一棵地种下了大约7000棵树，种成“吉他形状”。A.planted种植；B.carried搬运；C.put放置；D.collected收集。结合后文about7，000trees可知，是种植了7000棵树。故选A。14．B句意：这些树花了几个季节才生根，但Ureta的努力得到了回报。A.smalldream小梦想；B.hardwork努力工作；C.bigsuccess巨大成功；D.privatemoney私人资金。结合上文about7，000treesintothe“shapeofaguitar”.Ittookafewseasonsforthetreestotakeroots,but…可知，Ureta为此付出了巨大的努力，他的努力最终也得到了回报。故选B。15．B句意：看着森林年复一年地生长，Graciela的孩子们得到了安慰。A.pleasure快乐；B.comfort安慰；C.support支持；D.care关心。结合后文“Itwastheclosestthingpossibletohavingmymotheralive，”MariaJulia,Ureta'sseconddaughter,said.可知，森林使得Graciela的孩子们也得到了安慰。故选B。Ⅶ.语法填空Sixyearsearlier,freshfromcollege,Ihadjoinedadramaticproducingcompany.AndthenIhadbeengoingintosmalltownsandruralcommunities1.__________(produce)country­stylemusicalcomedies.Butnow,inthesummerof1940,thecountrywasina2.__________(depress).Radiohadchangedpeople'stastes,andpart­time3.__________(show)weren'tallthatbig4.__________more.So,joblessandwithnothingelseinsight,I5.__________(go)backhome.Tobringsomemoneyintothehouse,I6.__________(final)gotajobasarecreation­roomdirector.Itpaid$50amonth,forwhichIwasgrateful,butitsurewasadulljob.Ifeltso7.__________(frustrate)inmyplantobeadramaticstar.Restlessanddissatisfied8.__________Iwas,itwasnice,inaway,tobebackhome.Itriedtorelievethedullnessofmyjobbyteachingsomeofthetown'schildrenmusicanddrama.AndwhenIgotachance,I'dtrymyluckas9.__________performermyself.I'ddressupasarangy(四肢瘦长的)countrygirlandtelllittlestoriesandjokesthatIhadpickedupduring10.__________(I)yearswiththeproductioncompany,livingaroundcountryfolks.Igavethiscountrygirlaname—MinniePearl.【答案及解析】本文是一篇记叙文。谈到了一个大学毕业的女孩在经济萧条期间工作的经历。1．producing考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，空格处与句子的主语I构成逻辑上的主谓关系。2．depression考查词性转换。根据冠词a可知填名词。3．shows考查名词复数。名词作主语，且没有不定冠词，故填名词复数。4．any考查固定搭配。构成not…anymore“不再”的句型。5．went考查动词的时态。本文讲的是过去发生的事，故应用一般过去时。6．finally考查词性转换。用副词修饰动词。7．frustrated考查词性转换。此处是形容词用作felt的表语，表示“感到沮丧的”。8．though/as考查连词。引导让步状语从句，注意倒装的用法。9．a考查冠词。此处为泛指，用不定冠词。10．my考查代词。形容词性物主代词修饰名词years。Ⅷ.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要Everyonehastheinbornabilitytounderstandandenjoymusic.Therearemanytheoriesastowhythisis,butithasbecomeapartofhumanbeings.Sincethebeginning,humanshaveexpressedthemselvesthroughmusic.Simpletribalrhythmsevolvedintomanytypesofmorecomplexmusic,includingclassical,rock,jazz,andR&B.Whilethestylesbetweenthesemanytypesofmusicmayvary,everyoneisabletounderstandandrelatetothem.Whataretheessentialpartsofalanguage?Everylanguageusesvocabulary,orasetofwords,tocreatesentencesthatconveymessages.Thetoneandstyleofthesentencesconveydifferentfeelingsoremotions.Musicisexactlythesameway.Twelvetones,ornotes,arecombinedtocreatephrasesthatalsoconveyemotion.Musiccanevenbewritten,likemostotherlanguages.Conversationseventakeplaceinmusic.Twosaxophonistscanplaymelodiesbackandforth,expressingdifferentstylesandfeelings,buildingoffofeachother,respondingtoeachother.Musicchangesovertheyearslikeotherlanguages.MostpeoplewhospeakfluentEnglishcannotreadoneofShakespeare'splaysbecausethelanguagehaschangedsomuch.Musicisalsoaffectedbytime,andoveralongperiod,manynewtypesofmusicandinstrumentshaveemergedtocreatedifferentsoundsandconveydifferentmessages.Therearesom