2022-2023年湖北省咸宁市大学英语6级大学英语六级

2022-2023年湖北省咸宁市大学英语6级大学英语六级学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Indecisionmaking,theFedExExpressalwaysfollowsthecorporatephilosophyof______.

2.Duringthewholelife,Jefferson______.

A.builtthreelibrariesforCongress

B.builtthreelibrariesathishome

C.donatedbooksforthreelibraries

D.collectedbooksfromthreelibraries

3.

Amotorbikeisatypeofhybridbecauseitusestwo______torun.

4.

InancientGreek,aftertheshortpeaceofOlympicGamesperiod,thecity-stateswouldreopenthewar.

A.YB.NC.NG

5.

Theexistingsatellitesarenotgoodatdetectingthethicknessoftheicepartlybecausetheorbitsofsatelliteswith______donotcovereveryportionoftheocean.

6.TheBusinessofMediaViolence

In2001,peoplearoundtheworldspentUS$14billiongoingtothemovies.TheU.S.domesticboxofficealonehitUS$9billion—a75percentincreasefrom1991—andtherearehugerevenuesfromhomevideo/DVDsales,rentalsandspin-offmerchandise.Buteventheseprofitsaredwarfedbymusic,thelargestglobalmediasector.In2000,salesreachedUS$37billion,withmusicconsumptionhighamongyoungaudienceseverywhere.Videogamesarenotfarbehind:globalsalesfor2002wereanticipatedtobeUS$31billion.

AnExpandingForeignMarket

Americanmediacorporationsearnfitleasthalfoftheirprofitsfromforeignsales.Andglobalmarketsaregrowingfastasstandardsoflivingarerisingaroundtheworld.SalesofTVs,stereos,VCRsandsatellitedishesareincreasing,andinthelastdecadeortwo,newandexpandingmarketshaveemergedincountriesthathaveabandonedstatecontrolofmediaanddistribution.

Today,U.S.filmsareshowninmorethan150countriesworldwide,andtheU.S.filmindustryprovidesmostofthepre-recordedvideosandDVDssoldthroughouttheworld.Americantelevisionprogramsarebroadcastinover125internationalmarkets,andMTVcanbeseeninmoreforeignhouseholdsthanAmericanones.

Thisinternationalsuccesshasatremendousimpactnorjustontherecipientcountries,butalsoontheculturalenvironmentoftheU.S.Tosomeextent,thetailiswaggingthedog:moreandmore,thedemandsandtastesofforeignmarkets?areinfluencingwhatpopularproductsgetmadeintheU.S.

ActionSells:FilmandTelevision

Nowhereisthisinfluencemoreevidentthaninthefilmindustry.IntheU.S.andCanada,moviesrated"G"(General)and"PG"(ParentalGuidance)consistentlybringsinmorerevenuesthanR-ratedfilms.YetthenumberofGandPGfilmshasdroppedinrecentyears,andthenumberofrestrictedfilmshasrisen.Two-thirdsofHollywoodfilmsin2001wererated"R".

Filmproducersareunequivocalaboutwhythisisso:theforeignmarketlikesactionfilms.

Actiontravelswell.Actionmoviesdon'trequirecomplexplotsorcharacters.Theyrelyonfights,killings,specialeffectsandexplosionstoholdtheiraudiences.And,unlikecomedyordrama—whichdependongoodstories,sharphumor,andcrediblecharacters,allofwhichareoftenculture-specific—actionfilmsrequirelittleinthewayofgoodwritingandacting.They'resimple,andthey'reuniversallyunderstood.Totopitoff,thelargelynon-verbalnatureofthekindoffilmsthatjournalistSharonWaxmanreferstoas"short-on-dialogue,high-on-testosterone"makestheirdubbingortranslationrelativelyinexpensive.

Thereare,ofcourse,exceptionstotherule.ThefilmTitanicmadealmostUS$2billioninworldwidesalesasof2001—makingitthebiggest-grossingmovieofalltime.TheBritishfilmTheFullMontywasaninternationalhit;andMyBigFatGreekWeddingdebunkedalltheprofitformulasin2002.Butsuchoffbeatsuccessesarehardtopredict.AflicksuchasDieHardorTerminatorismuchmoreofasurething.MostfilmbudgetstodayaverageUS$75-100million,soHollywoodstudiosdon'tliketotakechances.

AllthismeansenormouspressuresontheAmericanmovieindustrytoabandoncomplexityinfavorofactionfilms.Theeffectisakindof"dumbing-down"oftheindustryingeneral.Foreigninvestorsaremuchlesslikelytoinvestinfilmsfocusingonserioussocialthemesorwomen'sissues,oronesthatfeatureminoritycasts.Suchfilms,howeverbrilliant,arenotwherethebigmoneyis.Worldwideappealdeterminescastingandscript.decisionsandtheoverwhelmingdemandisforwhiteactorsandaction.

Successbreedssuccess,andthesheerubiquityoftheseproductionsandalltheirspin-offproductsandbusinessesaroundt

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

Researchersaregettingmoreandmoreinterestedinmaking______.

8.

MarkHaywardshadshown______fromhisearlyteensbuthiscounselorshadfailedtowarnhisparentsaboutit.

9.

MakingsurethatBluetoothanditsconnecteddevicesdon'tinterferewithoneanothercanbedifficult.

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

Increasingone'soutputturnsouttobethemostimportantstrategyinfulfillingtheself-improvement.

A.YB.NC.NG

11.

Mostparentsadmithavingastrongpreferenceovertheolderchildbecausetheytendtobesadder.

A.YB.NC.NG

12.Themostimportantfactorthatleadstohungerindevelopingcountriesis______.

A.lostcrops

B.globalgreenhouseeffect

C.economiccrisis

D.poverty

13.

Accordingtothepassage,eighthoursanight______.

A.isunlikeeightglassesofwateraday

B.isonlysoundintheory

C.isapplicabletoeveryone

D.isarulewithpublicobedience

14.

IfacityhasearnedtheCDC's"greenstatus",itmeansthatitslocalhealthteamscan______ontheirown.

15.

Onethingtorememberisthatavarieddietthatincludesplentyof______isrecommendedforeveryone,regardlessofage.

16.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

Who'sAfraidofGoogle?

RarelyifeverhasacompanyrisensofastinsomanywaysasGoogle,theworld'smostpopularsearchengine.Thisistruebyjustaboutanymeasure:thegrowthinitsmarketvalueandrevenues;thenumberofpeopleclickinginsearchofnews,thenearestpizzaparlororasatelliteimageoftheirneighbor'sgarden;thevolumeofitsadvertisers;orthenumberofitslawyersandlobbyists.

Suchanascentisenoughtoevokeconcerns--bothparanoid(偏执的)andjustified.ThelistofconstituenciesthathateorfearGooglegrowsbytheweek.Televisionnetworks,bookpublishersandnewspaperownersfeelthatGooglehasgrownbyusingtheircontentwithoutpayingforit.TelecomsfirmssuchasAmerica'sAT&TandVerizonareannoyedthatGoogleprospers,intheireyes,byfree-ridingonthebandwidththattheyprovide;anditisabouttobidagainsttheminaforthcomingauctionforradiospectrum.ManysmallfirmshateGooglebecausetheyreliedonexploitingitssearchformulastowinprimepositionsinitsrankings,butdroppedtotheInternet'sequivalentofHadesafterGooglemodifiedthesealgorithms(运算法则).

Andnowcomethepoliticians.LibertariansdislikeGoogle'sdealwithChina'scensors.Conservativesmoanaboutitsuncensoredvideos.Butthebignewfearistodowiththeprivacyofitsusers.Google'sbusinessmodelassumesthatpeoplewillentrustitwithevermoreinformationabouttheirlives,tobestoredinthecompany's"cloud"ofremotecomputers.Someusersnowkeeptheirphotos,blogs,videos,calendars,e-mail,newsfeeds,maps,contacts,socialnetworks,documents,spreadsheets(电子数据表),presentations,andcredit-cardinformation--inshort,muchoftheirlives--onGoogle'scomputers.

Buttheprivacyproblemismuchsubtlerthanthat.AsGooglecompilesmoreinformationaboutindividuals,itfacesnumeroustrade-offs.Atoneextremeitcoulduseaperson'ssearchhistoryandadvertisingresponsesincombinationwith,say,hislocationandtheitineraryinhiscalendar,toserveincreasinglyusefulandwelcomesearchresultsandads.ThiswouldalsoallowGoogletomakemoneyfromitsmanynewservices.Butitcouldscareusersaway.Asawarning,PrivacyInternational,ahuman-rightsorganizationinLondon,hasberatedGoogle,chargingthatitsattitudetoprivacy"atitsmostblatantishostile,andatitsmostbenignisambivalent".

AndGooglecouldsoon,ifitwanted,compilefilesonspecificindividuals.Thispresents"perhapsthemostdifficultprivacyissuesinallofhumanhistory,"saysEdwardFelten,aprivacyexpertatPrincetonUniversity.Speakingformany,JohnBattelle,theauthorofabookonGoogleandanearlyadmirer,recentlywroteonhisblogthat"I'vefoundmyselfmoreandmorewary"ofGoogle"outofsomeprimal,lizard-brainfearofgivingtoomuchcontrolofmydatatoonesource."

MoreJPMorganthanBillGates

GoogleisoftencomparedtoMicrosoft;butitsevolutionisactuallyclosertothatofthebankingindustry.Justasfinancialinstitutionsgrewtobecomerepositoriesofpeople'smoney,andthusguardiansofprivateinformationabouttheirfinances,Googleisnowturningintoasupervisorofafarwiderandmoreintimaterangeofinformationaboutindividuals.Yes,thisappliesalsotorivalssuchasYahoo!andMicrosoft.ButGoogle,throughthesheerspeedwithwhichitaccumulates

A.enteredadesperatefuture

B.transferredadifferentattitudeonGoogle

C.droppedtothecompetitionofInternet

D.obtainedpredominanceintherankings

17.

Unresolvedconflictcanbedestructivetotheperformanceofteams.

A.YB.NC.NG

18.

Inthepast,epidemicsspreadmuchfasterthanatpresent.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

Inthe18thcentury,ittookalotofphysicallabourtotrimanacreoflawn.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

ChineseconsumersinsmallcitiescanplayaroleinhelpingChineseretailerscompeteagainstforeignretailersbyrefusingtobuythecommoditiesofferedbyforeignretailers.

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.

【B4】

22.(28)

A.Hebegantousechemicals.

B.Hepreservedfoodwithsugar.

C.Hesealedfoodinjars.

D.Hekeptfoodincans.

23.(14)

A.HethinksDavidisnotreliable.

B.He'swillingtotrustDavid.

C.HehastoldhisdoubtstoDavid.

D.HethinksDavidwillbenefitfromthisexperience.

24.(32)

A.Itstandsforhostility.

B.Itisnotnormal.

C.Itisaninvasionofspace.

D.Itmeansintimacybetweentwopeople.

25.【B8】

26.听力原文：M:Goodnews.Iamnotgoingtoneedsurgeryafterall.ThedoctorsaysIcanstartworkingoutagainsoon.Andmaybeplaysocceragaininafewweeks.

W:That'ssogreat.Itwouldbeniceifyoucouldgetbackinshapeintimeforthestatetournament.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(13)

A.Thetournamentbeginsnextweek.

B.Shehopesthemanwillbeabletoplayinthetournament.

C.Shewantsthemantoattendthetournamentwithher.

D.Themanshouldcheckwithhisdoctoragain.

27.【B1】

28.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

ViolenceinAmericanfamiliestakesmanyforms.One【B1】______form.thatweoftenoverlookisthephysicalpunishmentofchildren.Perhaps93percentofallparentsbeattheirchildreninorderto【B2】______them.Youngchildrenreceivethemostpunishment,butstudiesrevealthatabout50percentofhighschool【B3】______reportexperiencingorbeingthreatenedwithphysicalpunishment.Punishmentofchildrenvariesfromalighttaptoa【B4】______beating,buthistoricallywehavegrantedparentstherighttousephysicalforceagainsttheirchildren.Alawpassedin1696,forexample,calledforthedeath【B5】______forachildof"sufficientunderstanding"overtheageofsixteenwhocursedorstruckaparentorwhowas"stubbornand【B6】______"inrefusingtoobeyaparent.

Mostparentsusephysicallypunishmentinthebeliefthatitwillcontrolthe【B7】______intheirchildrenandmakethem【B8】______.Infact,violence—whetherverbalorphysical—setschildrenapoorexample.【B9】______.Studieshavefoundthat【B10】______.Perhapsnotsurprisingly,abusiveparentsarethemselveslikelytohavebeenabusedwhentheywerechildren.【B11】______.

【B1】

29.

【B2】

30.(16)

A.Thesolarsystemisabitsmallerthanthegreatbear.

B.Thesolarsystemisbiggerthanthegreatbear.

C.Thesolarsystemismuchsmallerthanthegreatbear.

D.Thesolarsystemisasbigasthegreatbear.

31.(34)

A.Heshouldshowrespecttotheinterviewer.

B.Heshouldshowconfidenceinhimself.

C.Heshouldbedressedappropriately.

D.Heshouldspeakenthusiastically.

32.听力原文：M:MyhistoryteachersuggestedthatIcomeandborrowoneofthesebooksonAmericanHistory.

W:Certainly,Mr.Hudson.Youarewelcometouseourbooks.Butyoumaynotborrowthemfromthereading-room.Wouldn'titbebetterifyouhaveoneofyourown?

Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

(16)

A.Borrowabooksomewhereelse.

B.Takeabookfromthereading-room.

C.Useabookofhisown.

D.Buyabookofhisown.

33.听力原文：Italy'scapitalRomeisafamoustouristattraction,butthereareswarmsof'birdsthatcrowdinRome'shistoricpublicsquaresandchurcheseverywinter,forcingtouristsandpassers-bytoseekrefugeunderumbrellas.Recently,scientistshavefoundoutagoodwaytosolvethisproblem.TheItalianLeaguefortheProtectionofBirdswillbroadcastbird"distresscalls"overloudspeakersinthehistoriccenters,usingatechnology'ithastriedinRome'soutskirtstoscarethebirdsaway.Thescientistshaverecordedthesoundthatthesebirdsmakewhenthereisdangerandtheywillplayitovermegaphonesatduskwhenthebirdsarestartingtonestdown.Theywanttochasethebirdsoutofconcentratedurbancenterswithdistresscallsandspotlights.Thenthebirdswillheadtooutlyingparksandsuburbs.Thismethodhasbeenprovedveryefficientandthereisnocrueltytobirdsinvolvedsincetheyjustmigratetoparksandwoodsoutsidethecity.BetweenOctoberandFebruarysomefourmillionbirdsmigratetotheItaliancapitalfromGermany,PolandandRussia,darkeningthehorizonandpaintingabstractshapesintheskythatcapturetheimaginationofonlookers.Thehugeflocksalsocoatcars,buildingsandanyonewhohasnotfoundcoverwithbirddroppings.Touristsareadvisedtocarryumbrellasorraincoatsatduskandresidentshavetoputupwiththeterriblesmellformonthsatatime.

(33)

A.Beggingfoodfromthetourists.

B.Attackingthetourists.

C.Droppingwastesonthetourists.

D.Makingloudnoisetodisturbthetourists.

34.听力原文：W:Well,I'mgoingtotheNationalMuseumofArt.

M:Sure.Hopin.

W:Uh,howlongdoesittaketogetthere?

M:Well,thatalldependsonthetraffic,butitshouldn'ttakemorethantwentyminutesfortheaveragetaxidriver.

AndI'mnotaverage.Ihavebeendrivingdowntoanart,soweshouldbeabletocruisethroughtrafficandgetthereinlessthantwelveminutes.

W:Okay.Uh,sorryforasking,butdoyouhaveanyideahowmuchthefarewillbe?

M:Oh,itshouldn'tbemorethan18dollars..,notincludinga...uh-hum...atipofcourse.

W:Oh,andbytheway,doyouknowwhattimethemuseumcloses?

M:Well,Iwouldguessaround6:00o'clock.Andit's4:30now.Uh,thisisyourfirsttimetothecity,right?

W:Yeah.Howdidyouknow?

M:Well,(19)youcantelltouristsfromamileawayinthiscitybecausetheywalkdownthestreetlookingstraightupattheskyscrapers.

W:Wasitthatobvious?

M:Well...

W:Oh,beforeIforget,canyourecommendanygoodrestaurantsdowntownthatoffermealsatareasonableprice?

M:Well,(20)theMexicanrestaurant,LaFajita,isfantastic.It'snotasinexpensiveasotherplacesIknow,buttheenvironmentisquitepleasing,andtheportionsarelargerthanmostplacesI'vebeento.

W:Soundsgreat!HowdoIgettherefromthemuseum?

M:Well,youcancatchthesubwayrightoutsidethemuseum.Therearebusesthatrunthatway,butyouwouldhavetotransferacoupleoftimes.Andtherearetaxistoo,buttheydon'trunbythemuseumthatoften.(21)SoIstronglyrecommendyoutotakethesubway.

W:(21)Thanksforyouradvice.

(20)

A.Thepassengercatchesataxiforashorttrip.

B.Thedrivernoticesthepassengergazingupwardatthetallbuildings.

C.Thepassengerdoesnotunderstandtherulesfortippingdrivers.

D.Thedriverfindsthepassengerlostonthestreetbeforepickingherup.

35.(21)

A.Ascarcityofjobsintheirfield.

B.Inadequatetraininginmethodsofbiologicalresearch.

C.Difficultiesinclassifyingallofthevarietiesofowls.

D.Alackoffundingfortheirworkwithendangeredspecies.

36.听力原文：W：I'mgoingtoattendaninterimmeetingbutchancesarethatmyhandsarefull.Couldyougivemeahand?

M：IthappensthatIhavesomeworkofmyowntohandin，butIguessIcantakesometime.JustletmeknowwhatI'msupposedtodo.

Q：Whatdoesthemanmean?

(16)

A.Hewillbetoobusytohelpthewoman.

B.Heisnotsurewhetherhecanhelpthewoman.

C.Heissupposedtoknowwhatheshoulddo.

D.Hewillhelpthewoman.

37.(35)

A.Thedevelopmentofourabilitytocheckthedetails.

B.Matchingourexpectationswiththemeaningofatext.

C.Theapplicationofreadingstrategies.

D.Determiningthemainideaofatext.

38.

【B11】

39.

【B7】

40.(26)

A.Yes.B.No.C.Hardtosay.D.Notmentioned.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

Whatistheauthor'ssuggestiontowardsthesystemofacademicreferenceforuniversityentry?

42.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Centuriesago,mandiscoveredthatremovingmoisturefromfoodhelpstopreserveit,andthattheeasiestwaytodothisistoexposethefoodtosunandwind.InthiswaytheNorthAmericanIndiansproducepemmican,theScandinaviansmakestockfishandtheArabsdrydatesandapricotleather.

Allfoodscontainwater-cabbageandotherleafvegetablescontainasmuchas93%water,potatoesandotherrootvegetables80%,leanmeat75%andfishanythingfrom80%to60%dependingonhowfattyitis.Ifthiswaterisremoved,theactivityofthebacteriathatcausefoodtodeteriorateischecked.

Fruitissun-driedinAsiaMinor,Greece,SpainandotherMediterraneancountries,andalsoinCalifornia,SouthAfricaandAustralia.Themethodsusedvary,butingeneral,thefruitisspreadoutontraysindryingyardsinthehotsun.Inordertopreventdarkening,pears,peachesandapricotsareexposedtothefumesofburningsulfurbeforedrying.Plums,formakingprunes,andcertainvarietiesofgrapesformakingraisinsandcurrants,aredippedinanalkalinesolutioninordertocracktheskinsoffruitslightlyandremovetheirwaxcoating,soincreasingtherateofdrying.

Nowadaysmostfoodsaredriedmechanically.Theconventionalmethodofsuchdehydrationistoputfoodinchambersthroughwhichhothairisblownattemperaturesofabout110℃atentrytoabout43℃atexit.Thisistheusualmethodfordryingsuchthingsasvegetables,mincedmeat,andfish.

Liquidssuchasmilk,coffee,tea,soupsandeggsmaybedriedbypouringthemoveraheatedhorizontalsteelcylinderorbysprayingthemintoachamberthroughwhichacurrentofhotairpasses.Inthefirstcase.,thedriedmaterialisscrapedofftherollerasathinfilmwhichisthenbrokenupintosmall,thoughstillrelativelycoarseflakers;inthesecondprocessitfallstothebottomofthechamberasafinepowder.Whererecognizablepiecesofmeatandvegetablesarerequired,asinsoup,theingredientsaredriedseparatelyandthenmixed.

Driedfoodstakeuplessroomandweighlessthanthesamefoodpackedincansorfrozen,andtheydonotneedtobestoredinspecialconditions.Forthesereasonstheyareinvaluabletoclimbers,explorersandsoldiersinbattle,whohavelittlestoragespace.Theyarealsopopularwithhousewivesbecauseittakessolittletimetocookthem.Usuallyitisjustacaseofreplacingthedried-outmoisturewithboilingwater.

Howmuchwaterdotheshrimpscontain?

43.

Thewasteddollarsaddupfastbecauseweeasilyget______byallthoseproductsandbrandsinthesupermarket.

44.

【C7】

45.

Whichofthefollowingarethepatientsentitledtodointermsoftheproposal?

A.Behonesttotheirdoctors.

B.Controltheirmedicalinformation.

C.Determinehowtomaketheirmedicalrecords.

D.Accusetheinsurersofmakinguseoftheirmedicaldata.

46.

Therelativepronoun"which"inthelastparagraph(Line5)refersto______.

A.theoriesB.expertsC.periodsD.issues

47.

Whatisthereasonforthefactthatmessagesaremorecrediblethanads?

48.

Whichfactorpusheduphouseprices?

A.Manyyoungmen,wholivealone,haveincreaseddemandforhouses.

B.Manyyoungmenneedtorentmorehouses.

C.Itiseasytoapplyforamortgageforyounggeneration.

D.Thenumberofolderpeople,manyofwhomlivealone,becomesbiggerandbigger.

49.Theword"them"(Line5,Para.3)refersto______.

A.gaps

B.roadcourtesies

C.otherdriversontheroad

D.chancesforadrivertoaccelerate

50.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Withrapidgrowthofworldpopulation,mainlyindevelopingcountries,theavailablecultivablelandperpersonhasdeclinedsteadilysince1960andwilldeceasebyhalfoverthenext50years.Besides,about400millionwomenofchildbearingageareirondeficient,leavingtheirbabiesexposedtovariousbirthdefects.Asmanyas100millionchildrensufferfromvitaminAdeficiency.Tensofmillionsofpeoplesufferfromothermajorailmentsandnutritionaldeficienciescausedbylackoffood.

Howcanbiotechhelp?Biotechnologistshavedevelopedgeneticallymodifiedricefortifiedwithbetacarotene(β-胡萝卜素)andadditionaliron,andtheyareworkingonotherkindsofnutritionallyimprovedcrops.Biotechcanalsoimprovefarmingproductivityinplaceswherecropfailuresarecausedbypests,drought,poorsoilandcropviruses,bacteriaorfungi.Geneticallymodified,virus-resistantcropscanreducethatdamage,ascandrought-tolerantseedsinregionswherewatershortageslimittheamountoflandundercultivation.Biotechcanalsohelpsolvetheproblemofsoilthatcontainsexcessaluminum,whichdamagesrootsandcausesstaplecropfailures.

Manyscientistsbelievebiotechcouldraiseoverallcropproductivityindevelopingcountriesasmuchas25%andhelppreventthelossofthosecropsaftertheyareharvested.Yetforallthatpromise,biotechisfarfrombeingthewholeanswer.Indevelopingcountries,lostcropsareonlyonecauseofhunger.Povertyplaysthelargestrole.Makinggeneticallymodifiedcropsavailablewillnotreducehungeriffarmerscannotaffordtogrowthemorifthelocalpopulationcannotaffordtobuythefoodthosefarmersproduce.

Norcanbiotechovercomethechallengeofdistributingfoodindevelopingcountries.Takenasawhole,theworldproducesenoughfoodtofeedeveryone--butmuchofitisinthewrongplace.Especiallyincountrieswithundevelopedtransportinfrastructures,geographyrestrictsfoodavailabilityasdramaticallyasgeneticspromisestoimproveit.

Biotechhasitsown"distribution"problems.Private-sectorbiotechcompaniesinrichcountriescarryoutmuchoftheleading-edgeresearch.Theirproductsareoftentoocostlyforpoorfarmersinthedevelopingworld,andmanyofthoseproductswon'tevenreachtheregionswheretheyaremostneeded.Biotechfirmshaveastrongfinancialincentivetotargetrichmarketsfirsttohelpthemrapidlyrecoupthehighcostsofproductdevelopment.Butsomecompaniesarerespondingtotheneeds.

Biotechnologistscanhelpillnessesrelatedtonutritionalinadequacyby______.

A.developinggeneticallymodifiedornutritionallyimprovedcrops

B.incorporatingpest-resistantorvirus-resistantgenesintoseedsofcrops

C.improvingtheabilityofseedstoresistwatershortagesincertainregions

D.identifyinggenesthathelpsneutralizealuminumtoxicityincrops

51.

Accordingtothepassage,wirelessnetworkhasanadvantageoverthethreeproductsmentionedin_______.

A.simplicityB.speedC.safetyD.price

52.

Theword"seductions"(Line1,Para4)isclosestinmeaningto"______".

A.effortstoconquer

B.attemptstowinover

C.exertionstounderstand

D.endeavorstoincreaseprofits

53.Whatmakesconsumershappieraccordingtothenewstudies?

A.Overcomingtheeconomiccrisis.

B.Affordinganythingatanytime.

C.Spendingmoneyforanexperience.

D.Havingasmuchmoneyasotherpeople.

54.

AstudyofthundercloudsovertheNorthAtlanticshowedthatlightningoccurredonlywhentheairtemperature______.

A.aroundthecloudwasbelowfreezing

B.aroundthecloudwasabovefreezing

C.aboutthecloudwaslowerthanthetemperaturebelowthecloud

D.ofthecloudwasabovefreezing

55.

"Putallyoureggsinjustonebasket"inthelastparagraphcomesfromafamousidiomanditis"______".

56.

WhydoestheauthorassertthatallthingsAmericanarefascinatingtoforeigners?

A.BecausetheyhavegainedmuchpublicitythroughtheAmericanmedia.

B.Becausetheyrepresenttheworld'slatestfashions.

C.Becausetheyembodythemostsophisticatedtechnology

D.Becausetheyareavailableatalltouristdestinations

57.

Theword"thrilling"(secondsentence,lastparagraph)probablymeans______.

A.frighteningB.terrifyingC.excitingD.disappointing

58.

Someresearcherscannottesttheirhypothesesbyexperimentsbecauseof______.

59.

.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.

A.theBritishgovernmentwillbeforcedtoincreaseitsspendingonhighereducation

B.Britishemployersdemandanexpansioninentailmentattheexpenseofquality

C.thebestwayoutforBritishuniversitiesisto