研究生英语综合教程

研究生英语综合教程第1页/共108页2Unit3

LeisureActivity

第2页/共108页ObjectivesofUnit3Tounderstand

WhyHarry’sHotinReadingFocusTounderstandEuropean’sandAmericans’differentattitudestowardsworkandlifeinReadingMoreTodiscussChinesepeople’sattitudetowardsworkandlifeTotranslateadverbialclausesTograspsomeimportantwordsandphrases

第3页/共108页Content

Startingout

ReadingFocus

ReadingMore

PracticalTranslation

FocusedWriting

FinalProject第4页/共108页Task1WorkingroupstointerpretandcommentonthequotationsaboutleisureonPage64.Startingout第5页/共108页Tobeabletofillleisureintelligentlyisthelastproductofcivilization.—ArnoldToynbeeBritisheconomichistorianandsocialreformerInterpretation:Thequotationimpliesthathowtospendleisuretimeinasmartwayisamirrorofhowcivilizedasocietyis.Startingout—Task1第6页/共108页2.Leisureisthetimefordoingsomethinguseful.Thisleisurethediligentpersonwillobtain;thelazyonenever.—BenjaminFranklinAmericanscientist,publisheranddiplomatInterpretation:Whetheronecanbenefitfromleisuretimeornotdependslargelyonyourattitude.Ifyouarehardworking,thenyoumaytakefulladvantageofyourtimetopromoteself-development;butifyouarelazy,chancesarethatyouwon’tspendyourleisuretimegettingdowntosomethinguseful.Startingout—Task1第7页/共108页3.Therealdividinglinebetweenthingswecallworkandthethingswecallleisureisthatinleisure,howeveractivewemaybe,wemakeourownchoicesandourowndecisions.Wefeelforthetimebeingthatourlifeisourown.—WilliamRaymond

BritishnovelistandcriticInterpretation:Thesubstantialdifferencebetweenworkandleisureconsistsintheextentofautonomy(自主）.Itappearsthatduringleisuretimeoneisentitledtochoosehisownwaytoenjoyhistimetothefullestwhereasintheworkplaceoneisrequiredtocomplywithrulesandregulations.Startingout—Task1第8页/共108页4.Itisinhispleasurethatamanreallylives;itisfromhisleisurethatheconstructsthetruefabricofself.—AgnesRepplierAmericanessayistandbiographerInterpretation:Onecanderivethetruemeaningoflifefrompleasureandhappiness.Butwhatmakesapersonwhoheisdependsonhowhespendshisleisuretime.Startingout—Task1第9页/共108页5.Thosewhodecidetouseleisureasameansofmentaldevelopment,wholovegoodmusic,goodbooks,goodpictures,goodcompany,goodconversation,arethehappiestpeopleintheworld.Andtheyarenotonlyhappyinthemselves,theyarethecauseofhappinessinothers.—WilliamLyonPhelpsAmericaneducatorInterpretation:Ifyouwanttopursuehappiness,thenyoushouldspendyourleisuretimeinapositiveway,whichishelpfultoenhancingyourmentaldevelopment.Ifyouarehappy,itislikelythatyouwillbringhappinesstoothers.

Startingout—Task1第10页/共108页Task2Matchtheclassiclinewithitscorresponding

movie.(P64)Key:2)3)4)5)6)ECAFBDStartingout—Task2第11页/共108页Task2Iswatchingmoviesyourfavoriteleisureactivity?Whichgenreofmoviesdoyoulikebest?(P64)Usefulwordsandexpressions:documentary;literaryfilm;anime;musical;comedy;draculamovie/horrormovie/thriller;swordsmenfilm;actionfilm;detectivefilm/whodunit;ethicalfilm;featurefilm;mystery&suspense;sci-fi&fantasy;romance;newsreel;travelogue,etc

Startingout—Task2第12页/共108页RomanceattheMoviesRomanticmoviessurelyhaveawideappealfortheaudience.Nowwatchaninterviewaboutromanceatthemovies.Listencarefullyandcompletetheblank-fillingexercise.Startingout第13页/共108页BriefEncounter(1945):

Nothinggetsmore_____________thanthat.No,thisisnocategoryscript,DavidLynn’sdirection.ItisamasterpieceofholdingbackandIthinksinceitwasmade____________,itwasallabout____________andkeepingthingstogetherandit’sjustbrimmingwiththe____________andtheunacted-upon.__________loveisthebestkind.glamorousduring

WWIIsacrificeunexpressedTorturedStartingout第14页/共108页TheLadyEve

(1941):HarryFondalearnsthatBarbaraStanwickisbasicallyaskunk(讨厌鬼)andbutshe______________________sheissomebodyelseandhefallsinlovewithheragain.Andhelearnsthat,youknow,theyare_________________________,buttheyareneverasbadasyouthinkeither.Theywere_______________.

tricks

him

into

thinkingnever

as

great

as

you

thinkall

just

humanStartingout第15页/共108页TrulyMadlyDeeply:BecausesheloveshimsomuchthatAlanRickmancomesbacktoJulietStevenson.She’sjustoneofthegreat_____________ofalltime.OneofthethingsIloveaboutthisisinpairingthesetwotogetheristhatinfactAlanRickmanand_______________sitaroundwatchingBriefEncounterontelevision—perfectlittleconnection.It’sjustwonderfulandinfactshedoeslearnto____________and____________________inherlifewhoisliving.

crying

sceneshisghostfriendsmoveonfindanewlovelymanStartingout第16页/共108页TheShopAroundTheCorner:ItwasamusicalSheLovesMe,abouttwopeoplewho_________________andhatedeachother’sguts,butinfact,theyhadthiswholesecretlifeas_________and itiswhenyoulearn,thatyou know,the_________isonething, the________isanotherthing. Andyouknow,it’sallcrazyand mixed-upanditmakesupsense.workedsidebysidepenpalssurface

soulStartingout第17页/共108页EternalSunshineoftheSpotlessMind(2004):Itisreallyanemotionally_________film.Theyhaveasurgerytohaveeachother_______________________.Theyloatheeachother,but,no,theycometoloatheeachother,JimKerryandKateWinsletloatheeachotherandyetevenafterasurgerytopurge(purge:remove;getridof)the_________,theycannotgetthemselves________________.Sohereismydesignfor

living,forin-and-outoflove

withthesamepersonall

yourlife.

violentremovedfromeachothermemoriesoutoftheirheadsStartingout第18页/共108页WhyHarry’sHotReadingFocus第19页/共108页

GlobalUnderstanding

2DetailedInformation3CriticalThinking4LanguagePoints5ReadingFocusVocabularyinAction6BackgroundInformation1第20页/共108页ListentoatalkonJ.K.Rowling,theauthorofHarrybooks,andanswerthefollowingquestions.1)WhenwasJ.KRowlingbornandwhatwasher

childhooddream?2)WhendidtheideaofHarryPotterstrikeRowling?3)WhenwasthefirstHarrybookreleasedandwhatwas

thetitleofthebook?4)Whenwasthefilmversionofthefirstbookreleased?5)WhatissaidaboutJ.KRowling’smarriages?6)WhatproblemsdidtheHarrybooksencounter?BackgroundInformation第21页/共108页J.K.Rowling第22页/共108页J.K.RowlingwasborninEnglandonJuly30,1965.TheideaforHarryPottercametoRowlingin1990duringaridetrainfromManchestertoLondon.Shesawalittlethinboysmilingatheroutsidethewindow,withblackhairandglasses,whobecameHarryPotterinthebooks.

第23页/共108页HarryPotter

isaseriesofsevenfantasynovelswrittenbyBritishauthorJ.K.Rowling.Sincethe1997releaseofthefirstnovelHarryPotterandtheSorcerer’sStoneintheUS,thebookshavegainedimmensepopularity,criticalacclaim(赞扬)andcommercialsuccessworldwide.AsofJune2008,thebookserieshassoldmorethan400millioncopiesandhasbeentranslatedinto67languages,andthelastfourbookshavesetrecordsasthefastest-sellingbooksinhistory.BackgroundInformationHarryPotter第24页/共108页Sofar,thebookseriesincludessevenbooks,includingHarryPotterandtheSorcerer’sStone《哈利波特与魔法石》,HarryPotterandtheChamberofSecrets《哈利波特与密室》,HarryPotterandthePrisonerofAzkaban《哈利波特与阿兹卡班的囚徒》,HarryPotterandtheGobletofFire《哈利波特与火焰杯》,HarryPotterandtheOrderofthePhoenix《哈利波特与凤凰社》,HarryPotterandtheHalf-BloodPrince《哈利波特与混血王子》,HarryPotterandtheDeathlyHallows《哈利波特与死亡圣器》.第25页/共108页AboutthetextThisisanargumentativeessay,involvingtheauthor’spersonalideasaboutwhytheHarryPotterbooksmakesuchahugesuccess.Thepassageisalsoamodelessayforstudentstolearnhowtowriteanargumentativeessaybasedonaparticularphenomenon.Itfallsintothreeparts,whichiseasilyrecognizedinanargumentativeessay.第26页/共108页ItstartswiththefactthattheHarryPotterbookscapturetheattentionofanamazinglylargeaudience,althoughtheyareconfrontedwithchallengesbysomeparentsandconservativereligiousleaders.TheydisapproveoftheHarryPotterbooksbecausetheythinkthesebooksadvocatewitchcraft.ThentheauthormakehisowncommentsontheHarryPotterbooks,includingtheirmeritsanddemerits（优缺点）.Finally,theauthorarrivesataconclusionthatthereiseveryreasontosaythatHarryPotterpossessesalltheearmarks(特征)ofaclassic.第27页/共108页ReadingFocus

–GlobalUnderstanding1Introduction2Author’sComment3Conclusion(Paras.1-4)(Paras.5-9)(Para.10)第28页/共108页MatchthemainideaAdisadvantageofthefirstfourbooksisanabsenceofaninterestingvillain.Publicatinofthefourthbookappealstoalargenumberofchildren.HarryPotterbooksarechallengedbysomeparentsandreligiousleaders.Thewaywithnamingpeopleandthingsisquirkyandoriginal.ThereiseveryreasontosaythatHarryPotterpossessesallthefeaturesofaclassic.Adultsalsofindthebooksappealingbecauseofthedeepintellectualism.Plotlinesofthefourbooksareindependentofeachother,butarebroughttogetherinasurprisingconclusion.ThefirstfourbooksofHarryPotterturnouttobeasuccess.Incontrasttotheirpopularity,fewpeoplemakecommentonthesebooks.HarryPotter'sbookshavesomegoodpoints.Para.1Para.2Para.3

Para.4Para.5Para.6Para.7Para.8Para.9Para.10第29页/共108页IntroductionA.TheHarryPotterbooksappealtoanenormousnumberofpeople.(paras.1-3)Thefirstthreebookshaveearnedaconservatively

estimated$480millionin3years.

HarryPotter

andtheGobletofFirepromisestobreakall

previousbooksellingrecords.InBritainandNorthAmerica,thousandsofchildren

rushedtoclaimtheircopieswhenHarryPotterandthe

GobletofFirewasonsale.B.Someparentsandconservativereligiousleadersdisapproveofthe

HarryPotterbooksbecausetheythinkthatthesebooks

_____________________________________________.(para.4)Readingofthebookshasbeenchallengedin25school

districtsandthebookshavebeenbannedinschoolsin

KansasandColorado.TheHarryPotterbooksbyJ.K.Rowlinghaveachievedhugesuccessinspiteofchallenges.advocatewitchcraftExample1:Example

2:Example3:Example:ReadingFocus

–GlobalUnderstanding第30页/共108页Author’scommentA.TheHarryPotterbooks

havemuch

merit(paras.5-8):

Theyarebeautifullycraftedworksofentertainment,

theliterarycounterpartofStevenSpielberg.Theyamounttomuchmorethanjustthesumofparts

ofchildren’sclassic,andtheycanbereadby

childrenandadultswithequalpleasure.

Thelanguageofthebooksmaybeunadorned,butthe

waywithnamingpeopleandthingsisquirkyand

original.

Adultsalsofindthebooksappealingbecauseofthe

deepintellectualisminthem.B.AdisadvantageoftheHarryPotterbooksisanabsenceof

___________________inthefirstfourbooks.(para.9)

Example1:Example

2:Example3:aninterestingvillainReadingFocus

–GlobalUnderstandingExample4:第31页/共108页ConclusionBothchildrenandadultsenjoyreadingthebooks.Thebooksintroduceyoungreaderstoaveryhighstandard

ofentertainment.ThereiseveryreasontosaythatHarryPotterpossesses_________________________.(para.10)A.B.alltheearmarksofaclassicReadingFocus

–GlobalUnderstanding第32页/共108页Task2Workingroupstodecidewhetherthestatementsaretrueorfalseaccordingtothepassage.(P73)

Key:2 3 4 56 7 8 9 10FFTTFTFFFFReadingFocus

–DetailedInformation第33页/共108页CriticalThinkingReadingFocus第34页/共108页StepOneInthetext,theauthorsaysthat

“Rowling’snovelsareprobablythebestbookschildrenhaveeverencounteredthathaven’tbeenthrustuponthembyanadult.”

Didyoureadanybookslikethatduringyourchildhood?Whatdidyouthinkofthem?Workingroupsandtalkaboutthefavoritebooksorstoriesofyourchildhoods.ReadingFocus—CriticalThinking第35页/共108页StepTwoDiscussingroupsandworkoutalistofthefeaturesthatmakeachildren’sbookaclassic.ReadingFocus—CriticalThinking第36页/共108页Withafirstprintingof5.3millioncopiesandadvanceorderstopping1.8million,HarryPotterandtheGobletofFire,thefourthinstallmentoftheseries,promisestobreakeverybooksellingrecord.(Para.1)installment:1)oneofthepartsofastorythatappearsasaseriesof

parts,especiallyinamagazine,newspaper,etc.e.g.

thefirstinstallmentofasciencefictiontrilogy（三部曲）2)Oneofanumberofsuccessivepaymentsinsettlement

ofadebt.e.g.

*_____________________________(用分期付

款的方式购物)hasbecomeepidemicinrecentyears.

*They’relettingmepayforthewashingmachine

_________________(按月付款地方式).BuyinggoodsontheinstallmentplanbymonthlyinstallmentsReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

第37页/共108页2.Amazingly,Rowlingkeepsherseveralplotlinesclearofeachotheruntiltheend,whenshedeftlybringseverythingtogetherinacataclysmicconclusion.(Para.2)deftly:adv.deft:adj.movingquicklyandwithskill机敏的，灵巧的

cataclysmic:sudden,shocking,andviolent突然的；骇人的；剧烈的e.g.

Acataclysmiceventhadshakenherparents'marriage.

一场剧变动摇了她父母的婚姻。

翻译：让人称奇的是，罗琳让每一册书的情节相互独立，但最后，她却能够巧妙地把它们衔接起来，形成一个意想不到的结局。ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

第38页/共108页3.TheonlysournotesinallthesongsofjoyoverthisphenomenonhavecomefromparentsandconservativereligiousleaderswhosayRowlingadvocateswitchcraft.(Para.4)

“notes”figurativelymeansaparticularqualityinsomeone’svoicethatshowshowtheyarefeeling.e.g.1)Therewasanoteofdoubtinhervoice.2)Itwasnotdifficultforhimtocatchthenoteof

bitternessinmyvoice.

ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

第39页/共108页4.ButperhapsthemostcuriousthingaboutthePotterphenomenon,especiallygiventhatitisallaboutbooks,isthatalmostnoonehastakenthetimetosayhowgood—orbad—thesebooksare.(Para.5)

“given”means“considering”.e.g.1)_______________________(考虑到这样的情况),

you'vedonereallywell.2)Usually,Iamsensiblewithmoney,asIhaveto

be,____________________________(考虑到我没有赚那么多钱).

GiventhecircumstancesgiventhatIdon’tearnthatmuchReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

第40页/共108页5.There’snotellingwhichbookswillsurvivefromonegenerationtothenext.(Para.5)

Paraphrase:Itishardtotellwhichbookswillsurvivefromonegenerationtothenext.e.g.很难说今晚谁会出现。

There'snotellingwhoisgoingtoshowup

tonight.ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

第41页/共108页6.Herprosemaybeunadorned,butherwaywithnamingpeopleandthingsrevealsaquirkyandoriginaltalent.(Para.7)

unadorned;adorn;adornmente.g.1)Hishouseislavishly____________.2)Japanesefoodisonthewholesuperb,one

ofthe______________oftheculture.3)Theroomistypicallysimpleand

_____________,withwhitewallsandatiled

floor.

adornedadornmentsunadornedReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

第42页/共108页7.Thebestwritersrememberwhatitisliketobeachildwithastonishingintensity.(Para.8)

“withastonishingintensity”means“strongly”.Thissentencemeansthatthebestwritersarekeenlyawareofwhatistypicalofachild.e.g.WhenLouisisaloneheseeswithastonishingintensity,andwillwritesomewordsthatmayoutlastusall.

ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

第43页/共108页8.Timeandagain,Rowlingarticulatesjusthowdefenselesseventhebravestchildrenoftenfeel.(Para.8)

articulate(v.):1)expressyourideasorfeelingsinwordse.g.Manypeopleareunabletoarticulatethe

unhappinesstheyfeel.2)berelatedandexiste.g.Thenewcourseisdesignedtoarticulate

withthecurrentdegreecourse.

ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

第44页/共108页

articulate(adj.):1)(ofaperson)goodatexpressingideasor

feelingsclearlyinwordse.g.1)

Sheisahighlyarticulatewoman.2)Itgivesanarticulatedescriptionofthe

drug’seffect.

2)(ofspeech)clearlyexpressedorpronouncede.g.Allwecouldhearwereloudsobs,butno

articulatewords.

Ant.:inarticulate

ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

第45页/共108页9.ButIdon’tthinkthebookswouldhavetheirbroadappealiftheywereonlyexcitingtalesofmagicaladventure,andIknowadultswouldnotfindthemsoenticing.(Para.8)

Thissentenceisputinthesubjuntivemood.“havetheirbroadappeal”means“吸引这么广泛的群体”.ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

第46页/共108页

appeal(n.):1)aqualitythatmakespeoplelikesomethingorsomeonee.g.1)

这个岛屿有什么特别的吸引之处？

Whatistheparticularappealofthisisland?2)Thefilmhasgreatappealforyoungaudiences.2)anurgentrequestforsomethingimportante.g.1)

Alltheorganizationsinvolvedhavesenturgentappealstothegovernment,askingforextrafunding.

2)Thegirl'sfamilyhavemadeapublicappealforhelptotryandcatchherkiller.

3)aformalrequesttoacourtortosomeoneinauthorityaskingforadecisiontobechanged

e.g.Hehaslodgedanappealagainstthesizeofthefine.ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

第47页/共108页

appeal(v.):1)beattractivee.g.Theideaofworkingabroadreallyappealstome.2)makeanurgentrequestforsomethingimportante.g.Thepolicehaveappealedtoanyonewith

informationtocomeforwardandtalktothem.

3)aformalrequesttoacourtortosomeoneinauthorityaskingforadecisiontobechanged

e.g.Appealingtotherefereedoesnotoftenresultina

decisionbeingchanged.ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

第48页/共108页Key1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-Task1Choosethesentenceinwhichtheunderlinedwordhastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinthesentencequotedfromthepassage.

(P.75)ABABBBCAReadingFocus–VocabularyinAction

第49页/共108页Task21)Howdoesourproduct________________thoseofourcompetitors?2)Mr.

Jenkins’argumentsforstability_________________withEurope’stwomostpowerfulpoliticians.Fillineachoftheblankswithanappropriatephrasefromthebox.Changetheformifnecessary.

(P76)stackupagainststruckachordstackupagainst pulloff chopoffthrust…upon…fadeaway turnoutappealto amountto keepclearofstrikeachord bringtogether pickupon

ReadingFocus–VocabularyinAction

第50页/共108页3)Thecourtdecidedthatthecompany’sactions________________unfairdismissal.4)Youcouldimprovethetreeby_________________someoftheupperbranches.5)Itincludestipsonhowtowriteforkidsandwhycertainstories__________________differentages.6)Hehaslearnedto_________________hissuperior’smoodsandactaccordingly.amountedtochoppingoffstackupagainst pulloff chopoffthrust…upon…fadeaway turnoutappealto amounttokeepclearofstrikeachord bringtogether pickupon

appealtopickuponReadingFocus–VocabularyinAction

第51页/共108页7)Asit_______________,hepassedtheexamquiteeasily.8)Sympathyfortherebels,thegovernmentclaims,isbeginningto_______________.9)We___________________researchersfromthreedifferentuniversitiestoworkontheproject.turnedoutfadeawaystackupagainst pulloff chopoffthrust…upon…fadeaway turnoutappealto amounttokeepclearofstrikeachord bringtogether pickuponbroughttogetherReadingFocus–VocabularyinAction

第52页/共108页10)Thisisthemostdelicatedealthatwe’veever________________:wehavereasontobeproudofourselves.11)I’vehadthreeoftheneighbors’children____________mefortheafternoon.12)Allexitsmust_________________baggage.pulledoffthrustonstackupagainst pulloff chopoffthrust…upon…fadeaway turnoutappealto amounttokeepclearofstrikeachord bringtogether pickupon

bekeptclearofReadingFocus–VocabularyinAction

第53页/共108页Task3ReadtheexcerptfromtheHarryPotterbooks,thenfillinthetenblanks.(P77)Key1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-swirlingdeliveredglowedintervalsconvergewanderingsnavigatejealousypresenceabsorbedReadingFocus–VocabularyinAction

第54页/共108页EuropeansJustWanttoHaveFunReadingMore第55页/共108页ReadingMore

GlobalUnderstanding

DetailedInformation

CriticalThinking

LanguagePoints

VocabularyinAction1

2

3

4

5

第56页/共108页TheattitudetowardsleisureintheUSParas.4-5IntroductionReasonsforEuropeans’andAmericans’differentattitudestowardsworkandleisureParas.1-3Para.6ConclusionParas.7-8ReadingMore—Global

Understanding第57页/共108页Introduction:Europeisenjoyingitself.Forexample:A.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.B.__________________________________________________.C.__________________________________________________.D.__________________________________________________.E.________________________________________________________________.InParis,peopleweretangoingaway,doingthemerengue,enjoyingpicnics,holdinganimpromptublockparty,anddancingtosalsa

InBerlin,anestimated500,000kidsattendedLoveParadeInSouthernEurope,numerousfamiliesspenttheirvacations

InMadridorDublin,peoplerocktothesmallhours

InPrague,Britishpartygoersdesireforthecheapbeerandprettygirls

ReadingMore—Global

Understanding第58页/共108页TheattitudetowardsleisureintheUS:A.Inthe1960s,____________________________________________________.B.TherewasachangeinAmericans’attitude.a._______________________________________________________________________________.b._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.hedonismortheideaofpleasureasawayoflifeprevailed

Americansstartedtothinkthatyoucouldbehappyonlyifyouworkhardandplayhard

AmericanconservativesbelievedthatEuropeans’desireforthepleasuresoflifeandlongvacationswasevidenceofalackofseriousnessandwouldeventuallyendineconomictears

ReadingMore—Global

Understanding第59页/共108页ReasonsforEuropeans’andAmericans’differentattotidetowardworkandleisure:A._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.B.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Firstly,thecrowdedconfinesofWesternEuropeandtheexpansivespaceofNorthAmericahaveledtovariedconsumerpreferencesSecondly,AmericansareinfluencedbythepuritanicalversionofChristianity,sendingthemessagethathardworkisgoodforthesoulwhereasmodernEuropeansavoidedthislesson

ReadingMore—Global

Understanding第60页/共108页Conclusion:Theideaofawork-lifebalancemightcatchonin

futureintheUS.Forexample,________________________________________________________________________________________________________.BillKellerencouragedthestafftodoalittlesavoringoflifebyspendingtimewiththeirfamiliesorviewingartsReadingMore—Global

Understanding第61页/共108页Task2