2011年6月英语六级真题卷听力原文答案详解

bottomratesforminorities.ArecentreviewofCaliforniacommunitycollegesfoundthatwhileathirdoftheAsianstudentspickeduptheirdegrees,only15%ofAfrican-Americansdidsoaswell.Privatecollegesanduniversitiesgenerallydobetter,partlybecausetheyoffersmallerclassesandmorealattention.Butwhenitcomestoasignificantgraduationgap,BownhasNearbyColbyCollegeloggedan18-pointdifferencebetweenwhiteandblackgraduatesin2007and25pointsin2006.MiddleburyCollegeinVermont,anothertopschool,hada19-pointgapin2007anda22-pointgapin2006.Themostselectiveprivateschools–Harvard,Yale,andPrinceton–showalmostnogapbetweenblackandwhitegraduationrates.Butthatmayhavemoretodowiththeirabilitytoselectthebeststudents.AccordingtodatagatheredbyHarvardLawSchoolprofessorLaniGuinier,themostselectiveschoolsaremorelikelytochooseblackswhohaveatleastoneimmigrantparentfromAfricaortheCaribbeanthanblackstudentswhoaredescendantsofAmericanslaves."Highereducationhasbeenabletoduckthisissueforyears,particularlythemoreselectiveschools,bysayingtheresponsibilityisontheindividualstudent,"saysPenningtonoftheGatesFoundation."Iftheyfail,it'stheirfault."Somecriticsblameaffirmativeaction–studentsadmittedwithlowertestscoresandgradesfromshakyhighschoolsoftenstruggleateliteschools.Butabiggerproblemmaybethatpoorhighschoolsoftensendtheirstudentstocollegesforwhichtheyare"undermatched":theycouldgetintomoreelite,richerschools,butinsteadgotocommunitycollegesandlow-ratedstateschoolsthatlacktheresourcestohelpthem.Someschoolsoutforprofitcynicallyincreasetuitionsandcountonstudentloansandfederalaidtofootthebill–knowingfullwellthatthestudentswon'tmakeit."Theschoolkeepsthemoney,butthekidleaveswithloadsofdebtandnodegreeandnoabilitytogetabetterjob.Collegesarenotholdinguptheirend,"saysAmyWilkinsoftheEducationTrust.Acollegeeducationisgettingevermoreexpensive.Since1982tuitionshavebeenrisingatroughlytwicetherateofinflation.In2008thenetcostofattendingafour-yearpublicuniversity–afterfinancialaid–equaled28%ofmedian(中间的)family e,whileafour-yearprivateuniversitycost76%ofmedianfamily e.Moreandmorescholarshipsarebasedonmerit,notneed.Poorerstudentsarenotalwaysthebest-informedconsumers.Oftentheywindupdeeplyindebtorsimplyunabletopayafterayearortwoandmustdropout.Thereoncewasatimewhenuniversitiestookprideintheirdropoutrates.Professorswouldbegintheyearbysaying,"Looktotherightandlooktotheleft.Oneofyouisnotgoingtobeherebytheendoftheyear."ButsuchaDarwinianspiritisbeginningtogivewayasatleastafewcollegesfaceuptothegraduationgap.AttheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,thegaphasbeenroughlyhalvedoverthelastthreeyears.Theuniversityhaspouredresourcesintopeercounselingtohelpstudentsfrominner-cityschoolsadjusttotherigor(严格要求)andfasterpaceofauniversityclassroom–andalsotohelpminoritystudents ethestereotypethattheyarelessqualified.Wisconsinhasa"laserlikefocus"onbuildingupstudentskillsinthefirstthreemonths,accordingtoviceprovost(教务长)DamonWilliams.Stateandfederalernmentscouldsharpenthatfocuseverywherebybroadlyminoritygraduationrates.ForyearsprivatecollegessuchasPrincetonandMIThavehadsuccessbringingminoritiesontocampusinthesummerbeforefreshmanyeartogivethemsomepreparatorycourses.Thenewertrendistostartrecruitingpoorandnon-whitestudentsasearlyastheseventhgrade,usinginnovativetoolstoidentifykidswithsophisticatedverbalskills.Suchprogramscanbeexpensive,ofcourse,butcheapcomparedwiththemillionsalreadyinvestedscholarshipsandgrantsforkidswhohavelittlechancetograduatewithoutspecialsupport.Witheffortandmoney,thegraduationgapcanbeclosed.WashingtonandLeeisasmall,selectiveschoolinLexington,Va.Itsstudentbodyislessthan5%blackandlessthan2%Latino.Whiletheschoolusuallygraduatedabout90%ofitswhites,thegraduationrateofitsblacksandLatinoshaddippedto63%by2007."Wewentthroughadramaticshift,"saysDawnWatkins,theviceforstudentaffairs.Theschoolaggressivelypushedmentoring(辅导)ofminoritiesbyotherstudentsand"partnering"withparentsataspecialpre-enrollmentsession.Theschoolhaditsfirst-everblack ing.Lastspringtheschoolgraduatedthesameproportionofminoritiesasitdidwhites.IftheUnitedStateswantstokeepupintheglobaleconomicrace,itwillhavetopaysystematicattentiontograduatingminorities,notjustenrollingthem.Whatistheauthor'smainconcernaboutAmericanhigherThesmallproportionofminorityThelowgraduationratesofminorityThe samongethnicThepooracademicperformanceofWhatwasthepride BarryMillsof nTheprestigeofitsliberalartsItsrankingamonguniversitiesinThehighgraduationratesofitsItsincreasedenrollmentofminorityWhatistheriskfacingItsschoolswillbeoverwhelmedbythegrowingnumberofillegalTherisinggenerationwillbelesswelleducatedthanthepreviousMorepoorandnon-whitestudentswillbedeniedaccesstoItisgoingtoloseitscompetitiveedgeinhigherHowmanyAfrican-AmericanstudentsearnedtheirdegreesinCaliforniacommunitycollegesaccordingtoarecentreview?Fifty-six C)FifteenThirty-nine D)Sixty-sevenHarvard,Yale,andPrincetonshowalmostnogapbetweenblackandwhitegraduationratesmainlybecause theirstudentswork C)theirclassesaregenerallytheyrecruitthebest D)theygivestudentsmoreHowdoesAmyWilkinsoftheEducationTrustviewminoritystudents'failuretogetaUniversitiesaretoStudentsdon'twork ernmentfailstoprovidethenecessaryAffirmativeactionshouldbeheldWhydosomestudentsdropoutafterayearortwoaccordingtotheTheyhavelostconfidenceinTheycannotaffordthehighTheycannotadapttotherigoroftheTheyfailtodevelopinterestintheirTotackletheproblemofgraduationgap,theUniversityofWisconsin-Madisonhelpsminoritystudentsgetoverthestereotypethat Foryears,privatecollegessuchasPrincetonandMIThaveprovidedminoritystudentswith duringthesummerbeforefreshmanyear.WashingtonandLeeUniversityiscitedasanexampletoshowthatthegapofgraduationratesbetweenwhitesandminoritiescan PartIII ListeningComprehension SectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.BoththeDuringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.A)ShewillgivehimthereceiptThemanshouldmakehisownShehasnotgottheman'scopiesThemanforgottomakethecopiesforA)ShephonedFredaboutthe C)SheranintoFredonherwayB)Shewaslateforthe D)SheoftenkeepsotherpeopleA)MarkisnotfittotakechargeoftheStudentMarkisthebestcandidateforthepostofItwon'tbeeasyforMarktowintheFemalesaremorecompetitivethanmalesinA)ItfailedtoarriveatitsdestinationinItgotseriouslydamagedontheItgotlostattheairportinItwasleftbehindinthehoA)JustmakeuseofwhateverinformationisPutmoreeffortintopreparingfortheFindmorerelevantinformationfortheirSimplyraisetheissueintheirA)ThemanhasdecidedtochooseLanguageStudiesashisThewomanisn'tinterestedinthepsychologyofThemanisstilltryingtosignupforthecourseheisinterestedThewomanisn'tqualifiedtotakethecoursethemanA)TheyarebothtoTheyarebotheasytoTheycanmanagetogetTheywillmakepeaceinA)TheyareindesperateneedoffinancialTheyhopetodomiracleswithlimitedTheywanttoborrowahugesumfromtheTheyntobuyouttheirbusinessQuestions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA)WesimplycannothelpreactinginstinctivelythatWewishtohideourindifferencetotheirWederivesomehumoroussatisfactionfromtheirWethinkitservesthemrightforbeingmeantootherA)TheywanttoshowtheirgenuineTheyhavehadsimilaralTheydon'tknowhowtocopewiththeTheydon'twanttorevealtheirownA)Theythemselveswouldliketodoitbutdon'tdareIt'sanopportunityforrelievingtheirIt'sararechanceforthemtoseethebossloseTheyhaveseenthismanytimesinold A)Toirritate C)TorelieveherB)Toteachthemalesson. D)Toshowhercourage.Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)SmugglingdrugsintoHong C)Stealingafellowpassenger'sB)Havingcommittedarmed D)BringingahandgunintoHongA)HesaidnotasinglewordduringtheentireHetookawayKumar'sbaggagewhilehewasHewastravellingonascholarshipfromDelhiHeisedofhavingslippedsomethinginKumar'sA)Givehima C)CheckthepassengerB)FindAlfredFoster. D)Searchallsuspiciouscars.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageQuestions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)Theythinktravel eaTheythinktravelgivesthemtheirmoney'sTheyfindmanyofthebanksTheylacktheexpertisetomakecapitalA)LowertheirpricestoattractmoreIntroducetravelpackagesforyoungDesignprogramstargetedatretiredLaunchanewprogramofadventureA)Theroleoftravel C)Thenumberoflast-minuteB)Thewaypeople D)ThepricesofpolarPassageQuestions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)TheoldstereotypesaboutmenandThechangingrolesyedbymenandThedivisionoflaborbetweenmenandThewidespreadprejudiceagainstA)OffermorecreativeandpracticalideasthanAskquestionsthatoftenleadtoSpeakloudlyenoughtoattractRaiseissuesonbehalfofA)ToprovethatshecouldearnherlivingasaToshowthatwomenaremorehardworkingthanToshowthatwomenarecapable ngwhatmenToprovethatshewasreallyirritatedwithherhusband.PassageThreeQuestions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)CoveringmajoreventsofthedayintheReportingcriminaloffensesinHuntingnewsforthedailyWritingarticleson A)ItisamuchsafercethanitusedtoRapesrarelyoccurinthedowntownAssaultsoftenhappenonschoolIthasfewerviolentcrimesthanbigA)ThereareawiderangeofTheyareveryTherehasbeenariseinsuchTheyhavearousedfearamongtheA)Writeaboutsomething C)OfferhelptocrimeB)Dosomeresearchonlocalpolitics. D)Workasanewspapereditor.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.InAmerica,peoplearefacedwithmoreandmoredecisionseveryday,whetherit'spickingoneof31icecream(36)ordecidingwhetherandwhentogetmarried.Thatsoundslikeagreatthing.Butasarecentstudyhasshown,toomanychoicescanmakeus(37),unhappy–evenparalyzedwithindecision.That's(38)truewhenitcomestotheworkce,saysBarrySchwartz,anauthorofbooksabouthuman(39).Studentsaregraduatingwitha(40)ofskillsandinterests,butoftenfindthemselves(41)whenitcomestochoosinganultimatecareergoal.Inastudy,Schwartzobserveddecision-makingamongcollegestudentsduringtheir(42)year.Basedonanswerstoquestionsregardingtheirjob-hunting(43)andcareerdecisions,hedividedthestudentsintotwogroups:" izers"whoconsidereverypossibleoption,and"satisficers"wholookuntiltheyfindanoptionthatisgoodenough.Youmightexpectthatthestudents(44) .Butitturnsoutthat'snottrue.Schwartzfoundthatwhile izersendedupwithbetterpayingjobsthansatisficersonaverage,theyweren'tashappywiththeirdecision.Thereason(45) .Whenyoulookateverypossibleoption,youtendtofocusmoreonwhatwasgivenupthanwhatwasgained.Aftersurveyingeveryoption,(46) PartIV ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth) (25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsor pletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.PleasewriteyouranswersonAnswerSheet2.Questions47to51arebasedonthefollowingHowgoodareyouatsaying"no"?Formany,it'ssurprisinglydifficult.Thisisespeciallytrueofeditors,whobynaturetendtobeeagerandengagedparticipantsineverythingtheydo.Considerthesescenarios:It'slateintheday.Thatfrontpackageyou'vebeenworkingonisnearlycomplete;onelasteditandit'sfinished.Entertheexecutiveeditor,whomakesasuggestionrequiringamore-than-modestrearrangementofthedesignandtheadditionofaninformationbox.Youwanttoscream:"No!It'sdone!"Whatdoyoudo?Thefirstruleofsayingnotothebossisdon'tsayno.Sheprobablyhassomethinginmindwhenshemakessuggestions,andit'suptoyoutofindoutwhat.Thesecondruleisdon'traisethestakesbychallengingherauthority.Thatissueisalreadydecided.Thethirdruleistobereadytociteoptionsandconsequences.Theboss'ssuggestionsmightbeappropriate,buttherearealwaysconsequences.Shemightnotknowaboutthepagesbackingupthatneedattention,oraboutthedesignerwhohadtogohomesick.lhershecanhavewhatshewants,butexintheconsequences.Understandwhatshe'stryingto plishandproposeanBthatwillmakeithappenwithoutdestroyingwhatyou'vedonesofar.Here'sanothercase.Yourleast-favoritereportersuggestsadumbstoryidea.Thisoneshouldbeeasy,butit'snot.Ifyousayno,evenpoliy,youriskinhibitingfurtherideas,notjustfromthatreporter,butfromotherswhoheardthatyouturneddowntheidea.Thisscenarioiscommoninnewsroomsthatlackasystematicwaytofilterstorysuggestions.Twostepsarenecessary.First,youneedasystemforhowstoriesareproposedandreviewed.Reporterscantoleraterejectionoftheirideasiftheybelievetheyweregivenafairhearing.Yourgutreaction(本能反应)anddismissiverejection,evenofaworthlessidea,mightnotqualifyassystematicorfair.Second,thepeopleyouworkwithneedtonegotiatea"Whatif...?"agreementcovering"Whatifmyideaisturneddown?"Howarepeopleexpectedtoreact?Isthereanappealprocess?Cantheyrefinetheideaandresubmitit?Byanticipating"Whatif...?"situationsbeforetheyhappen,youcanreachunderstandingthatwillhelpeaseyouout Insteadofdirectlysayingnotoyourboss,youshouldfindout Theauthor'ssecondwarningisthatweshouldavoidrunningagreaterriskby Onewayofrespondingtoyourboss'ssuggestionistoexinthe toherandofferanalternativesolution.Toensurefairnesstoreporters,itisimportanttosetupasystemforstoriesto Peoplewholearntoanticipate"Whatif...?"situationswillbeabletoreachunderstandingandavoid SectionDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageQuestions52to56arebasedonthefollowingAttheheartofthedebateoverillegalimmigrationliesonekeyquestion:areimmigrantsgoodorbadfortheeconomy?TheAmericanpublicoverwhelminglythinksthey'rebad.Yettheconsensusamongmosteconomistsisthatimmigration,bothlegalandillegal,providesasmallnetboosttotheeconomy.Immigrantsprovidecheaplabor,lowerthepricesofeverythingfromfarmproducetonewhomes,andleaveconsumerswithalittlemoremoneyintheirpockets.Sowhyistheresuchadiscrepancybetweentheperceptionofimmigrants'impactontheeconomyandthereality?Thereareanumberoffamiliartheories.Somearguethatpeopleareanxiousandfeelthreatenedbyaninflowofnewworkers.Othershighlightthestrainthatunedimmigrantsceonpublicservices,likeschools,hospitals,andjails.Stillothersemphasizetheroleofrace,arguingthatforeignersaddtothenation'sfearsandinsecurities.There'ssometruthtoalltheseexnations,buttheyaren'tquitesufficient.Togetabetterunderstandingofwhat'sgoingon,considerthewayimmigration'simpactisfelt.Thoughitsoveralleffectmaybepositive,itscostsandbenefitsaredistributedunevenly.DavidCard,aneconomistatUCBerkeley,notesthattheoneswhoprofitmostdirectlyfromimmigrants'low-costlaborarebusinessesandemployers–meatpackingntsinNebraska,forinstance,oragriculturalbusinessesinCalifornia.Granted,theseproducers'savingsprobablytranslateintolowerpricesatthegrocerystore,buthowmanyconsumersmakethatmentalconnectionatthecheckoutcounter?Asforthedrawbacksofillegalimmigration,these,too,areconcentrated.Nativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromthecompetitionofforeignlabor.AccordingtoastudybyGeorgeBorjas,aHarvardeconomist,immigrationreducedthewagesofAmericanhigh-schooldropoutsby9%between1980-2000.Amonghigh-skilled,better-educatedemployeeshoweveroppositionwasstrongestinstateswithbothhighnumbersofimmigrantsandrelativelygeneroussocialservices.Whatworriedthemmost,inotherwords,wasthefiscal(财政的)burdenofimmigration.Thatconclusionwasreindbyanotherfinding:thattheiroppositionappearedtosoftenwhenthatfiscalburdendecreased,asoccurredwithwelfarereforminthe1990s,whichcurbedimmigrants'accesstocertainbenefits.Theironyisthatforalltheoverexciteddebate,theneteffectofimmigrationisminimal.Evenforthosemostacuyaffected–say,low-skilledworkers,orCaliforniaresidents–theimpactisn'tallthatdramatic."Theunpleasantvoiceshavetendedtodominateourperceptions,"saysDanielTichenor,apoliticalscienceprofessorattheUniversityofOregon."Butwhenallthosefactorsareputtogetherandtheeconomistscalculatethenumbers,itendsupbeinganetpositive,butasmallone."Toobadmostpeopledon'trealizeit.WhatcanwelearnfromthefirstWhetherimmigrantsaregoodorbadfortheeconomyhasbeenpuzzlingTheAmericaneconomyusedtothriveonimmigrationbutnowit'sadifferentTheconsensusamongeconomistsisthatimmigrationshouldnotbeThegeneralpublicthinksdifferentlyfrommosteconomistsontheimpactofInwhatwaydoestheauthorthinkordinaryAmericansbenefitfromTheycanaccessallkindsofpublicTheycangetconsumergoodsatlowerTheycanmixwithpeopleofdifferentTheycan ngmuchofthemanualWhydonativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromillegalTheyhavegreaterdifficultygettingwelfareTheyaremorelikelytoencounter TheyhaveahardertimegettingajobwithdecentTheyarenomatchforillegalimmigrantsinlaborWhatisthechiefconcernofnativehigh-skilled,better-educatedemployeesabouttheinflowofimmigrants?ItmaychangetheexistingsocialItmayposeathreattotheireconomicItmayleadtosocialinstabilityintheItmayceagreatstrainonthestateWhatistheironyaboutthedebateoverEveneconomistscan'treachaconsensusaboutitsThosewhoareopposedtoitturnouttobenefitmostfromPeoplearemakingtoobigafussaboutsomethingofsmallThereisnoessentialdifferencebetweenseeminglyoppositeopinions.PassageTwoQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingPictureatypicalMBAlecturetheatretwentyyearsago.Initthemajorityofstudentswillhaveconformedtothestandardmodelofthetime:male,middleclassandWestern.Walkintoaclasstoday,however,andyou'llgetacompleydifferentimpression.Forastart,youwillnowseeplentymorewomen–theUniversityofPennsylvania'sWhartonSchool,forexample,boaststhat40%ofitsnewenrolmentisfemale.Youwillalsoseeawiderangeofethnicgroupsandnationalsofpracticallyeverycountry.Itmightbetempting,therefore,tothinkthattheoldbarriershavebeenbrokendownandequalopportunityachieved.But,increasingly,thisapparentdiversityis ingamaskforanewtypeofconformity.Behindthedifferencesin,skintonesandmothertongues,therearecommonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetofclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.Diversity,itseems,hasnothelpedtoaddressfundamentalweaknessesinbusinessleadership.Sowhatcanbedonetocreatemoreeffectivemanagersofthecommercialworld?AccordingtoValerieGauthier,associatedeanatHECParis,thekeyliesintheprocessbywhichMBAprogrammesrecruittheirstudents.Atthemomentcandidatesareselectedonafairlynarrowsetofcriteriasuchasprioracademicandcareerperformance,andyticalandproblemsolvingabilities.Thisisthencoupledtoaschool'spictureofwhatadiverseclassshouldlooklike,withtheresultthatpassport,ethnicoriginandcanall einfluencingfactors.Butschoolsrarelydigdowntofindoutwhatreallymakesanapplicantsucceed,tocreateaclasswhichalsocontainsdiversityofattitudeandapproach–arguablytheonlydiversitythat,inabusinesscontext,reallymatters.ProfessorGauthierbelievesschoolsshouldnotjustbeselectingcandidatesfromtraditionalsectorssuchasbanking,consultancyandindustry.Theyshouldalsobeseekingindividualswhohavebackgroundsinareassuchaspoliticalscience,thecreativearts,historyorphilosophy,whichwillallowthemtoputbusinessdecisionsintoawidercontext.Indeed,theredoesseemtobeademandforthemoreroundedleaderssuchdiversitymightcreate.AstudybyMannaz,aleadershipdevelopment,suggeststhat,whilethebully-boychiefexecutiveofoldmaynothavebeeneradicatedcompley,thereisadefiniteshiftinemphasistowardslesstoughstylesofmanagement–atleastinAmericaandEurope.Perhapsmostsignificant,accordingtoMannaz,istheincreasinginterestlargecompanieshaveinmorecollaborativemanagementmodels,suchasthoseprevalentinScandinavia,whichseektointegratethehardandsoftaspectsofleadershipandencouragedelegatedresponsibilityandWhatcharacterisesthebusinessschoolstudentpopulationofGreater C)ExceptionalInlectual D)HigherWhatistheauthor'sconcernaboutcurrentbusinessschoolItwillarousestudents'unrealisticItwillproducebusinessleadersofauniformItfocusesontheoryratherthanonpracticalItstressescompetitionratherthanWhataspectofdiversitydoesValerieGauthierthinkismostAgeandeducational C)AttitudeandapproachtoSocialandprofessional D)EthnicoriginandWhatapplicantsdoestheauthorthinkMBAprogrammesshouldconsiderApplicantswithpriorexperienceinbusinessApplicantswithsoundknowledgeinmathandApplicantsfromoutsidethetraditionalApplicantsfromlessdevelopedregionsandWhatdoesMannazsayaboutthecurrentmanagementItiseradicatingthetoughaspectsofItencouragesmaleandfemaleexecutivestoworksidebyItadoptsthebully-boychiefexecutiveItisshiftingtowardsmorecollaborative (15Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.courses.Usuallyitisleftto todeducethepotentialfromalistofextracurricularadventuresonagraduate'sresume,63nowtheUniversityofBristolhaslaunchedanawardtoformalisetheachievementsofstudentswho64timetoactivitiesoutsidetheircourses.BristolPLuSaimstobooststudentsinanincreasingly65jobmarketbyhelthemacquireworkandlifeskillsalongside66qualifications."Ourstudentsareaprettyactivebunch,butwefoundthattheydidn't67appreciatetheofwhattheydid thelecturehall,"saysJeffGoodman,directorofcareersandemployabilityattheuniversity."Employersaremuchmore69thantheyusedtobe.Theyusedtolookfor70andsawitaspartoftheirjobtoextractthevalueofanapplicant'sskills.Nowtheywantstudentstobeabletoexinwhythoseskillsare71tothejob."Studentswhosign fortheawardwillbeexpectedtocomplete50hoursofworkexperienceor73 work,attendfourworkshopsonemploy-abilityskills,takepartinanintensiveskills-relatedactivity74,crucially,writeasummaryoftheskillstheyhave75 effortswillgainanOutstandingAchievementAward.Thosewho76 bestonthesportsfieldcantaketheSportingPLuSAwardwhichfostersemployer-friendlyTheexperiencedoesnothavetobe77organised."We'renotjustinterestedineasilyidentifiableskills,"saysGoodman."78,onestudenttooktheleadindealingwithadifficultlandlordandso79negotiationskills.WetrytomaketheexperiencerelevanttoindividualGoodmanhopesthe80willenableactivestudentstofillinanygapsintheirexperienceandencouragetheirless-active81totakeupactivitiesoutsidetheiracademicareaofwork.A)B)C)D)A)B)C)D)A)B)C)A)B)C)D)A)B)C)D) A)B)C)D)A)B)C)D)A)B)C)D)A)B)C) D)A)B)C)D)A)B)C)D)A)B)C)D)A)B)C)D)A)B)C)D)A)B)C)D)A)B)C)D) A)ForB)InC)InD)OfA)B)C)D)A)B)C)D)A)B)C)D) Directions:CompletethesentencesbytranslatingintoEnglishthe giveninbrackets.PleasewriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet2.Eventhoughtheywerealreadylate,they 景色)thanjustgoon.Noagreementwasreachedinthediscussionbetweenthetwoparties, Thepills (本来可以治愈那位的),buthedidn'tfollowthedoctor'sadviceandtakethemregularly.Itis (你真好，给了我那么多帮助IreallyfeelobligedtoThewarleftthefamilyscatteredallovertheworld,anditwasthirty B.ThelowgraduationratesofminorityD.itsincreasedenrollmentofminorityB.TherisinggenerationwillbelesswelleducatedthanthepreviousC.FifiteenB.theyrecruitthebestA.UniversitiesaretoB.TheycannotaffordthehighthattheyarelesssomepreparatorybeCShehasnotgottheman'scopyBShewaslatefortheCItwon'tbeeasyforMarktowintheAItfailedtoarriveatitsdestinationonA.JustmakeuseofwhatinformationisDThewomanisn'tqualifiedtotakethecoursethemanATheyarebothtoATheyareindesperateneedoffinancialCWederivesomehumoroussatisfactionfromtheirCTheydon'tknowhowtocopewiththeATheythemselveswouldliketodoitbutdon'tdareCTorelieveherDBringingahandgunintoDHeisedofhavingslippedsomethingintoKumar'sDFindAlfredBTheythinktravelgivesthemtheirmoney'sDLaunchanewprogrammeofadventureBThewaypeopleBThechangingrolesyedbymenandAOffermorecreativeandpracticalideasthanCToshowthatwomenarecapableofngwhatmenBReportingcriminaloffensesinDIthasfewerviolentcrimesthanbigAThereareawiderangeofAWriteaboutsomethingflavors37.confused38.particularly39.40.variety41.overwhelmed42.senior43.whohadundertakenthemostexhaustedsearchwouldbethemostsatisfiedwiththeirfinalwhythesepeoplefeellesssatisfiedisthataworldofpossibilitiesmayalsobeaworldofmissedopportunities.aismoreacuyawareofopportunitiestheyhadtoturndowntopursuejustone原文及解析SectionM:Ileft20pagesheretocopy.HereistheW:I'msorry,sir.Butwe'realittlebehind.Couldyoucomebackinafewminutes?Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?W:Ihopeyou'renottooputoutwithmeforthedelay.Ihavetostopbyfriends'hometopickupabookonmywayhere.M:Well,that'snotabigdeal.Butyoumightatleastphoneifyouknowyou'regoingtokeepsomeonewaiting.Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?W:Markisthebestcandidateforchairmanofthestudentunion,isn'tM:Well,thatguywon'tbeabletowintheelectionunlesshegetssomemajorityvotefromwomenstudents.AndI'mnotsureaboutthat.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?M:Sorrytohavekeptyouwaiting,Madam.I'velocatedyourluggage.ItwasleftbehindinParis