2022-2023年江苏省盐城市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题一卷(含答案)

2022-2023年江苏省盐城市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题一卷(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Inthepassage,theauthortakesMichaelEisnerandStevenSpielbergasexamplestoshowthatthesepeoplehaveachievedsuccesswithout_______.

2.

Ifyouareoutstandingincertainfield,youaremorelikelytobereliedonwhenpeoplehave

3.

Investigators______thenotesprovidedbyMr.Kayefromdoctorsforhisabsence.

4.

Ifyouarenotsatisfiedwithcustodyandaccess,youcansolveitby______.

5.

Accordingtotheconventionaldefinition,ifan_________________lastsformorethansixmonths,itcanbecalledarecession.

6.

Winstondeclaresthatsharpeningyourtimemanagementskillsisveryimportantandcanmakeyou_______.

7.

Worldpopulationbefore1900increasedslowly,at0.002percentperyear,or20permillioninhabitants.

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8.

Alowsodiumintakeisbeneficialto______.

9.

AccordingtoDavidVaughan,theAntarcticisshrinkingduetoclimatechange.

A.YB.NC.NG

10.Whenpeoplemanagetogetawaywithlying,manyofthem______.

A.areproudofthemselves

B.willmakelyingahabit

C.feelashamedandguilty

D.areheldingreataffection

11.TimeintheAnimalMind

Humansareborntimetravelers.Wemaynotbeabletosendourbodiesintothepastorthefuture,atleastnotyet,butwecansendourminds.Wecanreliveeventsthathappenedlongagoorimagineourselvesinthefuture.Newstudiessuggestthatthetwodirectionsoftimetravelareintimatelytwistedtogetherinthehumanbrain.Butsomeexpertsonanimalbehavior.donotthinkweareuniqueinthisrespect.Theypointtoseveralrecentexperimentssuggestingthatanimalscanvisitthepastandfutureaswell.

Thefirstcluesaboutthetwistsandturnsofmentaltimetravelcamefrompeoplewithcertainbraininjuriesthatcausedthemtoforgetautobiographicaldetailswithoutforgettingtheinformationtheyhadpickedupalongtheway.AmanknownasK.C.,forinstance,couldplaychesswithnomemoryofhavingeverplayedit.K.C.couldremembersentencespsychologiststaughthimwithoutanymemoryofthelessons.K.C.hadlostwhatpsychologistsnowcallepisodicmemory.EndelTulving,aCanadianpsychologist,definedepisodicmemoryastheabilitytorecallthedetailsofpersonalexperiences:whathappened,whereithappened,whenithappenedandsoon.Dr.Tulvingarguedthatepisodicmemorywasdistinctfromotherkindsofmemorythatdidnotinvolvepersonalexperience.Peoplecanrememberhowtogettoasubwaystop,forexample,withoutrecallingthefirsttimetheywerethere.

Episodicmemorywasalsouniquetoourspecies,Dr.Tulvingmaintained.Foronething,hearguedthatepisodicmemoryrequiredself-awareness.Youcan'trememberyourselfifyoudon'tknowyouexist.Healsoarguedthattherewasnoevidenceanimalscouldrecollectexperiences,evenifthoseexperiencesleftanimpressiononthem.

Manyanimalbehavior.expertsagreedwithDr.Tulving,eventhoughtheyhadnotactuallyrunexperimentstestingtheidea.ButwhenNicolaClayton,acomparativepsychologist,firstheardabouttheclaim,shehadadifferentreaction.Dr.Claytonbegantotestwesternscrubjays(灌丛鸦)toseeiftheymetanyofthecriteriaforepisodicmemory.Thejayscanhideseveralthousandpiecesoffoodeachyearandrememberthelocationofeachone.Dr.Claytonwonderedifscrubjayssimplyrememberedlocations,oriftheyrememberedtheexperienceofhidingthefood.

Sherananexperimentusingtwokindsoffood:mothlarvae(幼虫)andpeanuts.Scrubjayspreferlarvaetopeanutswhilethelarvaearestillfresh.Whenthelarvaearedeadforafewhours,thejayspreferpeanuts.Dr.Claytongavethebirdsachancetohidebothkindsoffoodandthenputtheminanothercage.Shelaterreturnedthebirdstotheirhiding-places,insomecasesafterfour,hoursandinothercasesafterfivedays.Thetimethescrubjaysspentawayfromtheircacheshadabigeffectonthetypeoffoodtheylookedfor.Thebirdsthatwaitedfourhourstendedtodiguplarvae,andthebirdsthathadtowaitforfivedayspassedthelarvaebyandduguppeanutsinstead.

In1998,Dr.Claytonandhercolleaguespublishedtheresultsoftheirexperiment,declaringthatscrubjaysmetthestandardsfor"episodic-like"memory.OtherscientistshavefollowedDr.Clayton'sleadandhavesearchedforsignsofepisodic-likememoryinetheranimals.Whenratsareexploringamaze,forexample,theyseemtobeabletorecallwhichkindsoffoodtheyencounteredalongtheway.Hummingbirds(蜂鸟)seemtorememberwhereandwhentheyvisitedindividualflowersfornectar.Rhesusmonkeys(恒河猴)canrememberwheretheyputfood,butnothowlongagotheyputitthere.

Someresearchershavenotbeenpersuadedbythesestudies,however."Animalsseemtobelivingverymuchinthepresent,"saidThomasSuddendorf,acomparativepsychologistattheUniversityofQueenslandinAustralia.Dr.Suddendorfarguesthatascrubjaycouldremembertypeof

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12.WilltheWorldRememberDisneyorPlato?

SignificantWorldwideInfluenceofAmericanCulture

LONDON--Downinthemall,betweenthefast-foodjointandthebagelshop,agroupofyoungpeoplehuddlesinaflurryofbaggycombatpants,skateboards,andslang.TheysizeupawomanteeteringpastwearingDKNY,carryingTimemagazineinonehandandalatteintheother.ShebrushespastaguyinaYankees'baseballcapwhoistalkingonhisMotorolacellphoneabouttheMartinScorsesefilmhesawlastnight.It'sastandardAmericanscene--onlythisisn'tAmerica,it'sBritain.U.S.cultureissopervasivethatthescenecouldbeplayedoutinanyoneofdozensofcities.

Asaglobalsuperpower,Americaexportsitscultureonanunprecedentedscale.Frommusictomedia,filmtofastfood,languagetoliteratureandsport,theAmericanideaisspreadinginexorably(不可阻挡地),notunliketheinfluenceofempiresthatprecededit.Thedifferenceisthattoday'stechnologyflingsculturetoeverycorneroftheglobewithblindingspeed.IfittooktwomillenniumsforPlato's"Republic"toreachNorthAmerica,thelatesthitfromJustinTimberlakecanbefoundinGreek(andJapanese)storeswithindays.Sometimes,U.S.idealsgettransmitted--suchasindividualrights,freedomofspeech,andrespectforwomen--andlocalculturesareenriched.Atothertimes,materialismorworsebecomesthemessageandlocaltraditionsgetcrushed.

"TheU.S.hasbecomethemostpowerful,significantworldforceintermsofculturalimperialism[and]expansion,"saysIanRalston,AmericanstudiesdirectoratLiverpoolJohnMooresUniversity."TheareasthatparticularlyspringtomindareHollywood,popularmusic,andevenliterature."

Butwhatsomecall"McDomination"hascreatedabacklash(强烈反应)incertaincultures.Andit'snotclearwhetherfastfood,Disney,orrock'n'rollwillchangetheworldthewayHomerorShakespearehas.

Hollywoodrulestheglobalmoviemarket,withupto90percentofaudiencesinsomeEuropeancountries.EveninAfrica,twoofthreefilmsshownareAmerican.FewcountrieshaveyettobetouchedbyMcDonald'sandCoca-Cola.StarbucksrecentlyopenedupanewfrontinSouthAmerica,andeveryone'sgotaHardRockCalfT-shirtfromsomewhereexotic.

WestIndiansportsenthusiastsincreasinglywatchbasketball,notcricket.BaseballhaslongsincetakenrootinAsiaandCuba.AndChineseyoungpeoplearebecomingmorecaptivatedbyAmericanfootballandbasketball,someevenprintingthenamesofNBAstarsontheirschoolsweatsuits.AmericanEnglishisthelanguageofchoiceforwould-bepopstarsinEurope,softwareprogrammersinIndia,andInternetsurferseverywhere.

America'spreeminenceishardlysurprising.Superpowershavethroughouttheagessoughttoperpetuatetheirwayoflife:fromthephilosophyandmythologyoftheancientGreekstothelawandlanguageoftheRomans;fromtheartandarchitectureoftheTangDynastyandRenaissance.ItalytothesportsandsystemsofgovernmentoftheBritish.

"Mostempiresthinktheirownpointofviewistheonlycorrectpointofview,"saysRobertYoung,anexpertinpostcolonialculturaltheoryatOxfordUniversity."It'sthecertaintytheygetbecauseofthepowertheyhave,andtheyexpecttoimposeitoneveryoneelse."

ThreatsofAmericanCulturalDomination

Detractorsofculturalimperialismargue,however,thatculturaldominationposesatotalitarianthreattodiversity.IntheAmericancase,"McDomination"posesseveraldangers.

First,localindustriesaretrulyatriskofextinctionbecauseofU.S.oligopolies(寡头卖主垄断),suchasHollywood.Forinstancein2000,theEuropeanUnionhandedoutonebillioneurostosubsidise(资助)Europe'sfilmindustry.EventherelativelysuccessfulBri

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13.

Thefeaturesofafishincludeanotochord,gillslits,______.

14.AccordingtoDr.Sarno,almostallkindsofbackpaincouldbeattributedto______.

15.

Consumersareencouragedtobuylow-fatmilkratherthan____________________.

16.

Thisgivesusgoodreasontohopethatifweacttosolvetheenvironmentalproblemsthatstillremain,wewill______.

17.

Inthecaseofnegotiatingdivorce,anegotiatorisaskedtoconform.totheprincipleof______.

18.

Ifyouwanttogiveupajobwholesale,youshouldevaluate______fromit.

19.

MartinusvanSchalkwyk,theministerofenvironmentalaffairsandtourism,visitedthesouthDurbanbasinearlierthisyearandsaidthereweremeasuresinplaceto______.

20.

The______ofthosecaloriesisofsignificancewhennutritionistakenintoconsideration.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.听力原文：Thenationalweathermapshowsahighpressureareaallalongtheeasterncoastlinewhichbroughtthemverypleasant,sunnyweatherfromNewYorktoFlorida.ButshowersandthunderstormsareoccurringfromtheOhioRiverallthewaysouthtotheGulfcoast,depositingheavyamountsofrainoverthesouthernstates.

ByfartheworstofthestormshasoccurredinandaroundTexas.SomeTexasstationshavereporteduptofifteeninchesofraininatwenty-four-hourperiodwithhighwindsandthunderstorms.TwotornadoeswerereportedalongtheGulfcoastofTexas,butwehavenoconfirmationofdamagesorinjury.

HeavyamountsofsnowwerereportedintheRockMountainregionwithrecordcoldtemperaturesinDenverandBoulder.Asmuchasafootofsnowhasfalleninsomeofthemountainstations.

Incontrast,temperaturesinArizonaandthedesertSouthwestwentovertheone-hundred-degreemarkagaintodayunderbright,sunnyskies.

(33)

A.Sunny.B.Pleasant.C.Rainy.D.Snowy.

22.

【B2】

23.

【B11】

24.(35)

A.Hewassmokingapipe.

B.Hewaslearningtosmoke.

C.Hewasstudyingatobaccoplant.

D.Hewasthrowingtobaccoleavesonafire.

25.(28)

A.Hisgeneralhealthwillbenefitgreatly.

B.Hewillbegintobreathemoreregularly.

C.Hisflexibilitywilldecrease.

D.Hewillloseweightreadily.

26.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：W:I'msorryyoufailedthephysicscourse,Todd.

M:Let'sfaceit.I'mjustnotcutouttobeascientist.

Q:WhatdowelearnaboutTodd?

(12)

A.He'supsetbecausehehascuthimself.

B.Hecan'tfacethephysicsinstructoranylonger.

C.Hewantsthewomantocutoutsciencecourses.

D.Hedoesn'thavetheabilitytobeascientist.

27.(32)

A.Coins,stampsandsports.

B.Coins,sportsandpostcards.

C.Coins,stampsandpostcards.

D.Stamps,sportsandpostcards.

28.(46)

29.听力原文：W:Thisdoesn'tlookatallfamiliar.Wemustbelost,we'dbettergetsomedirections.

M:Let'spullinhere.WhileI'mfillingthetank,youaskaboutthedirectionsandgetmeasoftdrink.

Q:Wherewillthemanandthewomangoforassistance?

(16)

A.Gasstation.

B.Policestation.

C.Lostandfounddepartment.

D.Bar.

30.听力原文：W:IamsorryIforgottoreturnyourhistorybooklastnight.

M:Itdoesn'tmatterbecausethetestisn'tcominguntilMonday.

Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?

(13)

A.Itisnottoo[ateforthemantoreturnthehook.

B.Themanshouldhavereturnedthebookearlier.

C.Shewillprobablywon'tdowellonthecomingMonday'stest.

D.Themanshouldhavebeenmorethoughtful.

31.【B1】

32.(45)

33.(29)

A.Theyarewillingtodonatetheirfaces.

B.Theyareconcernedaboutmoralproblems.

C.Theywouldaccepttheideaoffacetransplant.

D.Theyhavenocluewhatfacetransplantmeans.

34.听力原文：M:TellmeMrs.Clark,howdidyoucometobeabeardedlady?

W:Well,itallbeganwhenIstartedgrowingabeard.

M:Mm...andwhenwasthatexactly?

W:Justaftermyfourthbirthday,Ibelieve.

M:Really?Asearlyasthat?Didn'tyouseeadoctor?

W:Oh,yes,myparentstookmetodozensofspecialists.

M:Andwhatdidtheyhavetosay?

W:Theyjusttoldmetoshave.

M:That'salltheadvicetheycouldgive?Soyoustartedshaving?

W:Well,Iwastooyoungtobeallowedtousearazor,andelectricrazorsweren'teventhoughtofintheedays,somydadusedtoshavemeonceaweekbeforegoingtochurchonSundays.

M:Andwhendidyoustopshaving?

W:Oh,thatwouldhavebeenwhenIwasaroundfifteen.Youseeitwasgrowingatanenormousrate,somethinglikefiveinchesaday,Imeanyoucouldalmostseeitgrowing,anditwassothick.Imeanarazororscissorswerenouse.

M:Soyou...letitgrow?

W:Well,itwastakingsomuchlimetryingtokeepitdownandIwasjustwastingmytimefightingalosingbattle.SoIthought...I'lljustletitgrow...andthat'swhenIcametoworkinthecircus.Iwasspottedbyatalentscout.

M:Doyou...evercutyourbeardnow?

W:Oh,yes,everyweekIchopoffafewfeet.IhavetocutitorIfalloveritifIdon'tremembertowrapitaroundmywaist.

(20)

A.Abear.

B.Abeardlady.

C.Howtoshavebeard.

D.Abeardman.

35.听力原文：W:Howwasthejobinterview?Ithinkyou'llmakeagoodjournalist.Irememberyouasthebestwriteroftheclass.

M:Well,infact,myapplicationwasturneddown.Theywerelookingforpeoplewithexperienceintheprofession.

Q:Whydidn'tthemangetthejob?

(18)

A.Hedoesn'twritewellenough.

B.Heisnotaprofessionalwriter.

C.Hehasn'tgotanyprofessionalexperience.

D.Hedidn'tperform.wellintheinterview.

36.(34)

A.Newbankinglawsmadeiteasiertobuyfarmland.

B.TheUnitedStatesincreaseditsagriculturalimports.

C.Cropproductionbecameincreasinglyspecialized.

D.Economicdepressionsloweredthepricesoffarmproducts.

37.听力原文：W:Excuseme,Inoticedyou'rereadinganelectronicsmagazine.Didyouknowthere'sabigelectronicsexhibitioninChicagostartingtomorrow?

M:Ofcourse!That'sthereasonI'mgoingtoChicago.Hi!Myname'sBarneyMiller.What'syourname?

W:JennyLin.I'masalesrepresentativeforWoofers,basedinTaiwan.Areyoulookingforwardtotheexhibition?

M:Huh,I'vebeenwaitingtogototheshowformorethanthreemonths.Therearegoingtobecompaniesfromoverfortydifferentcountriesthere.

W:Iknow.I'mreallylookingforwardtoseeingwhatnewproductswillbeonthemarketnextyear.

M:I'mmoreinterestedinthenewdiscoveries,whicharebeingmadeintheelectronicsindustry.

W:Really?DoyoumindifIaskwhatpartoftheelectronicsindustryyou'rein?

M:Notatall.IworkintheResearchandDevelopmentDepartmentofacompanybasedinLos-Angeles.Wespecializeindesigningprinters.

W:What'sthenameofyourcompany?MaybeI'veheardofit.

M:Idon'tthinkso.We'rejustalittlecompanycalled"Sunrise".

W:Hmm.Oh,didn'tyoucomeoutwithanamazinglysmallbutstronghigh-techprinterattheexhibitionlastyearinNewYork?

M:Yeah,thatturnedouttobeourbestselleroftheyear,buteveryoneforgetsourname.

W:Oneofmyjobsistolookfortheproductsthatwillbethemostsuccessful,andthenfindoutwhy.SoIdon'tjustrememberthebigcompanies.

M:Ilikethewayyouthink,Jenny.WouldyouliketogettogetherfordinnerwhenwearriveinChicago,sowecantalkmoreaboutthis?

(20)

A.Amagazine.

B.ThecityofChicago.

C.Theelectronicsindustry.

D.Theirtravel.

38.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

(12)

A.Husbandandwife.

B.Doctorandnurse.

C.Salesclerkandcustomer.

D.Airlineagentandcustomer.

39.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：W:Hello,Peter.Doyoufeellikegoingfishingwithus?

M:Gofishing?Iwouldn'tmind.

Q:WhatisPeter'sattitudetothewoman'ssuggestion?

(12)

A.Hewillnotgo.

B.Hewouldliketogo.

C.Hehasn'tmadeuphismind.

D.Hedoesn'tthinkfishingisinteresting.

40.听力原文：W：Mary'sbeenrealbusy．ShehastogetallherpaintingsfromJohnson'sclassframedintimefortheexhibitionnextweek.

M：Didn'tsheknowabouttheexhibitionatthebeginningoftheterm?

Q：WhatcanbeinferredaboutMary?

(15)

A.Shedoesn'tknowmuchaboutpainting.

B.Sheshouldhavestartedsooner.

C.Sheoughttoknowwhentheclassbegins.

D.Sheworriestoomuch.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

Besidesreducinghumanlabor,robotscanalso______.

42.Whatwaspossiblyassumedabouthumansandthefruitflyinthepast?

A.Theywereequallycomplicatedintermsofgene.

B.Humansweremuchmoregeneticallycomplicatedthanthefruitfly,geneticallyspeaking.

C.Humansweretwiceascomplicatedasthefruitflyingene.

D.Thefruitflywaslessstablythanhumansinthestructureofgenes.

43.

Whyweremanylaid-offworkersataloss?

A.Becausetheydidn'tgetusedtothenewwayoflife.

B.Becausetheyaretoooldtofindanewjob.

C.Becausetheydislikebeinglaidoff.

D.Becausetheythinktheylosttheirsocialstatus.

44.Mr.CerfrejectedtoacceptthewarningsthattheInternetwould______when'peopleallovertheworldstartedtouseitalltogether.

45.

【C4】

46.

Wecaninferfromthetextthattheappearanceof"immortal"lifeis______.

A.afadinghope

B.farfromcertain

C.justanillusion

D.onlyamatteroftime

47.Itisbelievedthatwomenarestill______intheeconomydespitetheBLSdata.

48.(55)

49.

Whycan'tatleasttenslotsfindabuyer(Lastsentence,Para.1)accordingtothepassage?

A.Thepriceforrunningtheadvertisingslotshasrisento$3million.

B.Itisnotattractiveanymorefortheadvertisingindustry.

C.Theadvertisingindustryissufferingahardyear.

D.Theadvertisingslotshavebeenontherisesince2007.

50.

WhatistheadvantageoftheGreatDepression,accordingtoTime?

A.Itincreasedtheyouthchancesforabetterjob.

B.Itincreasedtheyouth'scrisisawareness.

C.Itmadetheyouthlearntobemature.

D.Itmadetheyouthmorepatriotic.

51.TheauthortookAfricaasanexampleinordertoshow______.

A.thepoliticaladvancementinsomeAfricancountries

B.thesophisticatedeconomyinsomeAfricancountries

C.theartisticcomplexityinsomeAfricancountries

D.theunderdevelopedculturesinsomeAfricancountries

52.

WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4?

A.Americansweremuchconcernedaboutandwellpreparedforthepossiblethreat.

B.Nuclearplantswerethemostimportantplacesthatneedprotection.

C.Washington,DCwouldbeperfectlysafeundertheprotectionofsurface-toairmissiles.

D.TheseprotectivemethodswillmakeAmericanslessworriedaboutthepossibletreat.

53.

Humanitiescurriculumdiffersfromthescholasticeducation______.

A.inthepointthattheyhaddifferentassumptionsofsociety

B.becausehumanistswerenotinterestedinthescholasticcurriculum

C.formanyofthehumanistsweretownspeople

D.becausetheyweredifferentinreligiousbeliefs

54.

【C2】

55.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

SomeonehascalculatedthatbythetimeanAmericanreachestheageof40,heorshehasbeenexposedtoonemillionads.Anotherestimateisthatwehaveencounteredmorethan600,000adsbythetimewereachtheageofonly18.Now,ofcourse,wedon'trememberwhatexactlytheysaidorevenwhattheproductwas,butacompositemessagegetsthrough:thatyoudeservethebest,thatyoushouldhaveitnow,andthatit'sokaytoindulgeyourself,becauseyoudeservethecompliments,sexappeal,oradventureyouaregoingtogetasaresultofbuyingthiscarorthosecigarettes.

Ourconsumer-basedeconomymakestwoabsolutelyreciprocalpsychologicaldemandsonitsmembers.Ontheonehand,youneedthe"discipline"valuestoensurethatpeoplewillbegoodworkersandleadorderly,law-abidinglives.Ontheotherhand,youneedthe"enjoyyourself"messagestogetpeopletobegoodconsumers.Oneauthorwasdisturbedaboutthe"enjoyyourself"side,butacknowledgedthat"withoutameansofstimulatingmassconsumption,theverystructureofourbusinessenterprisewouldcollapse."

Theinterestingquestionhastodowiththepsychologicalconsequencesofthediscrepancybetweenthedualmessages.The"discipline"or"traditionalvalues"themedemandsthatonecompartmentofthepersonalityhaveawillstrongenoughtokeeptheindividualdoingunpleasantworkatlowwages,ortostayinanunhappymarriage,and,ingeneral,todothingsforthegoodofthecommonwealth.

The"enjoyyourself"message,ontheotherhand,tendstoencourageaverydifferentkindofpersonality—onethatisself-centered,basedonimpulse,andisunwillingtodelayrewards.Asanillustration,Ican'tresistrecitingoneofmyfavoriteadsofalltime,anadfromapsychologymagazine:"Iloveme.I'mjustagoodfriendtomyself.AndIliketodowhatmakesmefeelgood.Iusedtositaround,puttingthingsofftilltomorrow.TomorrowI'lldrinkchampagne,andbuyasetofpearls,andpickupthatnewstereo.ButnowIlivemydreamstoday,nottomorrow."

Sowhathappenstousaswetakeintheseopposingmessages,asweare,infact,tornbetweentheoppositepersonalitytypesthatoursocietyseemstorequireofus?Theresultisanxiety,fear,andamysteriousdread.Thefearofbeingsuckedinanddraggeddownbyourconsumercultureisreal:thecreditcardcompanyisnotfriendlywhenyoudefaultonyourbills.Andweallknowthatthepathofpleasure-seekingandblindacquisitionisarecipeforfinancialruin—formostofus,anyway—andthat,inAmericansociety,themisn'tmuchofasafetynettocatchyouifyoufall.

FromthefirstparagraphweknowthatadsinAmericaarevery______.

A.pervasiveB.convincingC.successfulD.impressive

56.Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?

A.Theconsequencesoffatigue.

B.Thereasonwhypeopleneedrest.

C.Thedangersoffatigue.

D.Typesoffatigue.

57.

Accordingtotheauthor,whatdistinguishesjazzfromotherdancemusic?

A.Jazzmusiciansspecializeinsolo.

B.Jazzbandshavefeaturedsoloists.

C.Jazzisveryhotandrough.

D.Jazzmusiciansoftenparaphrasesoloaccordingtotheirfeelings.

58.ThebannerhangingoverPresidentGeorgeW.Bushreadunitedtovictory.ButasRepublicanslistenedtoBushslog(艰难行进)throughhisfamiliarpeptalk(鼓舞士气的讲话)lastThursdaynight,thepartyfaithfullyknewtheywereanythingbutunited.Overthelastyear,theyejectedamajorityleader,quarreledovermoralityandspending,andopenlycriticizedthepresidentonIraq,portsecurityandaSupremeCourtpick.

Forfiveyearsnobodyneededtoexplaintheword"united"toRepublicans;itwastheirbiggeststrength.ThepresidenthandedhisagendatoCongressandthepartyleadersdeliveredthevotes.Theytwistedthearmsofsmall-governmentconservativestopasseducationreformsandMedicaredrugbenefits.TheyheldtheirrankstogetherevenastheIraqoccupationwaslosingsupportsin2004.Andtheypickedupseatsintwoelectioncycles.Butnowthatcompanyhasfallenapart.MembersofCongress,tiredofbeingtakenforgrantedbyabossyWhiteHouse,havelostfaithinthepresident'spoliticantouch.

Thestressisstartingtoshow.Republicansarebeginningtolookandsoundliketheirowncaricature(漫画)oftheDemocrats:disorganized,offmessageandunsureoftheiridentity.FearfulofdefeatinNovember,GOPcandidatesareuncertainhowtopullthemselvestogetherintheeightmonthsleftbeforetheelections.Thetoughestquestion:whethertorun,astheyhaveinthepast,asBushRepublicans,ortopushthe,presidentoutoftheircampaigns."WhatI'vetriedtotellpeopleisthatapoliticalstormisgathering,andifwedon'tdosomethingtostopit,we'llbeintheminorityayearfromnow,"saysRep.RayLaHoodfromIllinois."Butsomepeoplestilldon'tgetit."

Thepresidentwon'thaveaneasytimepersuadingRepublicanstostickwithhim.Second-termpresidentsoftensufferasix-yearslump,losingseatsfortheirpartyatthispoint.Bushhasactuallybeenluckyinonerespect.Heheldhispartytogetherlongerthanmosttwo-termpresidents.JohnsonkeptcontrolforjusteightmonthsuntilhesuffereddefeatontheissueofhomerulefortheDistrictofColumbiain1965,whenDemocratstookhimon—andwon.

SomecandidatesarehappytostandbesideBush,aslongasnobodyactuallyseesthemtogether.Lockedinatightraceforre-election,Sen.MikeDeWinechosenottoaccompanyBushononetriptohishomestateofOhiolastmonth.Aweeklaterheattendedaprivatefund-raiserwiththepresidentinCincinnati—outofsightofphotographersandreporters.

While