2023年安徽省中考英语总复习一轮复习：第5讲-数词-教案

课程主题：数词2023年安徽省中考英语总复习一轮复习学习目标1、掌握数词的基础用法2、重点掌握基数词以及序数词在中考题目中的灵活运用。教学内容【进门测试】一、写出下列序数词1.第十二______________2.第六十九______________3.第二十五_____________4.第210_______________5.第二十四____________6.第三十______________7.第五十七_____________8.第四________________二、单项选择1.Hewasdoingsomewashing__________.A.ateightyesterdaymorningB.yesterdaymorningeightC.yesterdaymorningateightD.byeightyesterdaymorning2.Thereare_______daysinayear.A.threehundredssixty-fiveB.threehundredsandsixty-fiveC.threehundredandsixty-fiveD.threehundredandsixtyfive3.Thereare_______studentsinthisschool.A.eighthundredsandforty-sixB.eighthundredsandforty-sixC.eighthundredandforty-sixD.eighthundredforty-six4.Everyyear________watchNBAonTV.A.millionpeopleB.millionsofpeopleC.millionspeopleD.millionofpeople5.Look!Thereare______inthesky.A.thousandstarsB.thousandofstarsC.thousandsofstarsD.thousandsofstar6.girlstookpartintheHappyGirlCompetitionbutonlyfewofthemsucceeded.A.MillionofB.ManymillionofC.OnemillionofD.Millionsof7.treeshavebeenplantednearhere,sotheairisveryfresh.A.TwohundredsB.HundredofC.HundredsofD.Hundreds答案：一：twelfthsixty-ninthtwenty-fifthtwohundredandtenthtwenty-fourththirtiethfifty-seventhfourth二：ACCBCDC【多元导学】你能猜出下列谚语的含义吗？赶紧试试吧！1.Oneboyisaboy,twoboyshalfaboy,threeboysnoboy.2.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.3.Killtwobirdswithonestone.4.Thefirststepbeingtaken,therestiseasy.5.Twodogsstriveforaboneandthethirdrunsawaywithit.批注：让学生阅读并试着翻译所给出的谚语，找出其中的数词，注意观察基数词和序数词的不同用法。答案：1.一个和尚挑水吃，两个和尚抬水吃.三个和尚没水吃。2.三个臭皮匠,赛过诸葛亮。(或两人智慧胜一人。）3.一箭双雕。4.万事开头难。5.鹬蚌相争，渔翁得利。【互动精讲】知识点一数词的含义和分类【知识梳理1】数词的基本概念表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫做数词(numeral)。表示数目多少的数词叫做基数词(cardinal

numberal),

如one,

ten,

fifty-two等。表示顺序先后的数词叫做序数词(ordinal

numeral),

如first,

tenth,

fiftieth等。【知识梳理2】数词的分类一、基数词：表示数目的词称为基数词，下面是最常用的基数词：1one11eleven2two12twelve20twenty3three13thirteen30thirty4four14fourteen40forty5five15fifteen50fifty6six16sixteen60sixty7seven17seventeen70seventy8eight18eighteen80eighty9nine19nineteen90ninety10ten100one(a)hundred百1000one(a)thousand千10000tenthousand万100000one(a)hundredthousand十万1000000one(a)million百万二、序数词：序数词表示事物的顺序，往往与定冠词the连用。常用的序数词如下：序数词缩写序数词缩写firstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtentheleventhtwelfth1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th11th12thtwentiethtwenty-firstthirtieththirty-fifthfortiethfiftiethsixtiethseventietheightiethninetiethhundredth20th21st30th35th40th50th60th70th80th90th100th基数词和序数词间的转化规律：基数词变为序数词的规则(口诀)基变序，有规律，词尾加上th；一、二、三特殊记，八去“t”,九去“e”；“ve”要用f替，见“y”变成“ie”词尾加上“th”；若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。【例题精讲】例1.Oneboyisaboy,twoboyshalfaboy,threeboysnoboy.一个和尚没水喝，两个和尚挑水喝，三个和尚没水喝。例2.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。【巩固练习】1.It’sthe_________(第一)timeforNanjingtoholdtheAsiaBikeShow．Itissuretobeagreatsuccess．2.TheEiffelTower,aculturaliconofFrance,wascompletedattheendofthe(nineteen)century.Keys：1.first/1st2.nineteenth/19th知识点二基数词的用法【知识梳理1】基数词用法1.时间的表达12小时制时刻的读法分为顺读法和倒读法。顺读法是依次读“点钟数、分钟数”。倒读法中，在前半小时：“分钟数＋past＋已过点钟数”；在后半小时：“分钟数＋to＋下个钟点数”。半小时用“half”，一刻钟用quarter6:00读作：six(o'clock)7:30顺读：seventhirty倒读：halfpastseven9:15顺读：ninefifteen倒读：aquarterpastnine2:45顺读：twoforty-five倒读：aquartertothree21:50顺读：twenty-onefifty倒读：tentotenintheevening＝9:50p.m.24:00读作：twenty-fourhundredhours＝midnightThebususuallyleavesat19:15.公共汽车通常在19:15离开。(读作aquarterpastsevenintheevening或nineteenfifteen)2.表示计量：表示事物的计量，即事物的长度、宽度、深度和高度3.表示编号：编号的数字如果过小，可用序数词或基数词表示；如果数字较大，通常用基数词表示4.表示不确切的数字：基数词后面直接加上复数名词表示精确的数字，而基数词复数形式加上“of”表示不确切的数字5.表示年龄和岁数1）表示年龄的主要句式如下：Heis10(yearsofage).

他10岁。Heis10yeasold.

他10岁。Heisaten-year-oldboy.

他是个10岁的男孩子。Heisaboyof10yeasold.

他是个10岁的男孩子。

Attheageoften,hebegantolearnEnglish.

他10岁开始学英语。2)介词in+one’stwenties(thirties…)表示“在某人20多岁（30多岁……）”。6.表示年代：表示什么世纪，什么年代时，通常在数词后加s或’s，并在年代前加定冠词the,如1980’s

（20世纪80年代），读作：nineteeneighties.7.表示百分数：百分数的表达方式是：基数词+percent（单数形式）+of+名词批注：小数的表达：小数点前的基数词与前面所讲的基数词读法完全相同，小数点读作“point”，小数点后只需将数字一一读出。15.67读作fifteenpointsixseven0.009读作zeropointzerozeronine或noughtpointnoughtnoughtnine表示一些数学公式：“加”用plus/and，“减”用minus，“乘”用times，“除”用dividedby，动词多用单数，如：3＋5＝8读作：Threeplus/andfiveiseight.9－2＝7读作：Nineminustwoisseven.6×5＝30读作：Fivetimessixisthirty.8÷4＝2读作：Eightdividedbyfouristwo.8.数词和名词连用，加连字符相当于形容词Heisaten-year-oldboy.

=Heisaboyof10yeasold他是一个10岁的男孩。注意有“-”时名词后不可写复数形式，其作为一个整体相当于形容词，只作定语。而不加“-”时，当基数词大于1时，之后的名词要注意用复数，只能作表语。类似这样的用法，还有：three-meter-high三米高的four-meter-wide4米宽的【例题精讲】例1：—Howmuchdoesitcosttobuildtheschoollibrary?—Four____yuan.A.million B.millionsC.millionsof D.millionof解析：基数词后直接加million。答案：A例2：ThewaterbehindtheThreeGorgesDam（三峡大坝）shouldbe______higherthandown-stream（下游）。A.sixty-fivemeter B.sixty-fifthmeterC.sixty-fivemeters D.sixty-fifthmeters解析：根据句中higher和选项中的meter可判断出用基数词，meter可数,需用其复数形式。答案：C例3：—Howamazingthenoodleis!—Yes,itis__________,andbreakstheGuinnessWorldRecordasthelongesthandmadenoodle.A.1,704-meter-long B.1,704-meters-longC.1,704meterlong D.1,704meterslong解析：对于事物长度的表达用基数词，注意当数量超过1时量词用复数。A只能作定语，D只作表语。答案：D例4：TheSutongHighwayBridge,a__________bridge,isalreadyopentotraffic.A.32kilometrelong B.32-kilometre-longC.32kilometreslong D.32-kilometres-long解析：注意基数词和计量单位间用“-”连接时相当于形容词的用法可直接修饰名词，计量单位不可加-s。答案：B例5：You'llhave________holidaynextweek.Whereareyougoing?A．aseven-dayB．seven-daysC．asevendayD．aseven-days'解析：此题考查数词作定语，常用“数词＋名词”结构，一个7天的假期，应为aseven-dayholiday。这种结构中应将度量表达方式置于所修饰词之前，名词用单数形式，且数词和名词之间用连字号连接。答案：A知识点三序数词的用法【知识梳理1】序数词用法1.序数词主要用作定语、表语，前面一般要加定冠词the。2.序数词前不用定冠词的情况①表示顺序的语气很弱，具有“又一”、“再一”的意思时，其前要用不定冠词，不用定冠词。②序数词前有指示代词、物主代词、名词所有格或every时，不用定冠词。③在表示分数的序数词前不用定冠词。④数词与名词构成复合名词时，不用定冠词。⑤序数词用作副词时，不用定冠词。⑥在一些由序数词构成的固定词组里不用定冠词。【例题精讲】例1：It’sthe_________(第一)timeforNanjingtoholdtheAsiaBikeShow．Itissuretobeagreatsuccess．解析：根据第一，可直接翻译为first/1st。答案：first/1st例2:Ourclassroomisonthe______(第二)flooroftheteachingbuilding.答案：second/2nd。知识点四分数的表达【知识梳理1】分数的表达方式是：分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子是one时，分母不必加s;分子大于one时，分母要加s.如：a(=one)third

三分之一

onefifth

五分之一twothirds

/

two-thirds

三分之二

threefourths/

three-fourths

四分之三批注：分数的表达分子与分母之间是否加连字符，后面的s都不能少。这点和ten-year-old这种结构是不一样的。注意区分。1/2读作“a(one)half”(而不是asecond“一秒钟”)；1/4既可读作“a(one)quarter”，又可读作“a(one)fourth”，3/4，也可读作“threequarters”。【例题精讲】例1：TheEiffelTower,aculturaliconofFrance,wascompletedattheendofthe(nineteen)century.解析：根据题意是第十九世纪，基数词改序数词，规则变化直接在其后加-th或填写缩写形式19th。答案：nineteenth/19th例2：Igotanewbicyclefrommyfatheronmy(sixteen)birthday.Ilikeitverymuch.解析：根据birthday可判断出前应填序数词，规则变化直接加-th或填写缩写形式16th。答案：sixteenth/16th【课堂练习】单选题：1.Insideaboxtherearesixsmallerboxes,andinsideeachsmallboxaresixmuchsmallerboxes.Howmanyboxesaltogether?_________A.Thirty-sixB.Thirty-sevenC.Forty-threeD.Forty-two2.Thedoctorworkedfor____aftertwelveo’clock.A.twomorehoursB.twoanotherhourC.moretwohoursD.anothertwohour3.ItissaidthatSARShaskilledmorethan___peopleworldwide.A.twohundredsB.twohundreds’C.twohundred’sD.twohundred4.____peoplearefightingagainstSARS.A.MillionofB.AmillionofC.MillionsofD.Severalmillions5._____ChinesearelookingforwaystolearnEnglishwellbeforeBeijing2008Olympics.A.ThousandB.ThousandsC.ThousandofD.Thousandsof6.Jennywasborn__________.A.onJuly10,1987B.inJuly10,1987C.in1987,July10D.on19877.Thenumberofthebooksinthisbookshopisonlyabout_______ofthatinthelibrary.A.two-fifthsB.second-fifthC.two-fifthD.second-fifthsKeys：CADCDAA填空题：1.Everyyear,_______(百万)ofpeopledonatemoneytotheHopeProject.2.Itisunbelievablethattheoldladychosetoparachute(跳伞)inher____________(90).3.Inhis____________(forty),themiddle-agedmanfinishedhalfofthebook.4.Whichnumberisbigger,seven_______(12)orahalf?5.Inthesportsmeeting,littleMatthewonlycame______(十二)anddidn’tenterthefinal.6.Mygrandmaseemstobeinherlate________(九十)thisyear.7.Seven____________(twelve)ofthestudentshavetakenpartinthetree-plantingactivitysinceMonday.8.Hehasfailedeighttimesandhasdecidedtotrya_____(nine)time.9.Youweresuchaluckydogthatyougotthechancetotravelaroundtheworldnextweek.Onlyoneoutof________(九)cangetit.10.Williamdidn’tmovetoSwitzerlanduntilinhis__________(四十).11.Hehasdonatedfive____________(十二)ofhismoneytochildreninpoorareas.Keys：1.millions2.nineties3.forties4.twelfths5.twelfthnineties7.twelfths8.ninth9.nine10.forties11.twelfths完形填空训练AHowoftendoYouletotherpeople'srudeactionschangeyourmood?Doyouletabaddriveroranimpolitewaitermakeyourdayinamess?However,themarkofyourwisereplytotheactionsishow___1___youcancomebacktosmilingtothem.Sixteenyearsago,Ilearnedthis____2____atthebackofataxiinNewYork.Weweredrivingfastintherightlane(车道)whensuddenly,ablackcarjumped__3___aparkingspacerighttofrontofus.Mytaxidriversteppedonthebrake(刹车)ashardaspossible,andatthe____4____momentourcarstoppedjustoneinchfromthebackoftheothercar.Icouldn't__5___whathappenednext.Thedriverofthecarturnedhisheadaroundandstarted___6____badwords.Butthenhere'swhatreally___7____me.Mytaxidriverjustsmiledandwaved(挥手致意)attheguy.Isaid,"Whydidyoujustdothat?Thisguynearly___8___us!"HetoldmewhatInowremember"TheLawoftheGarbage(垃圾)Truck."Hesaid,“Likegarbagetrucks,manypeoplerunaroundfullofgarbage,fullofanger,andfullofregret.____9___theirgarbageincreasesmoreandmore,theylookforaplacetopourit.Ifyouletthem,they'llpouritonyou.Sowhensomeonewantstopouritonyou,don'tfeelhurt.Justsmile,wave,andmoveon.Youwillbe___10___.”Istartedthinking:howoftendoIletGarbageTrucksrunrightoverme?AndhowoftendoItaketheirgarbageand___11___ittootherpeople?ThenIknewclearlywhatIshoulddo.IbegantoseeGarbageTrucks.Iseethebad__12___peoplearecarrying.Iseethemcomingtopourit.Andlikemytaxidriver,Idon'tfeelhurt.Ijustsmile,wave,andmoveon。1.A.clearlyB.quicklyC.exactlyD.correctly2.A.exampleB.experienceC.lessonD.case3.A.outofB.acrossC.nexttoD.farfrom4.A.nextB.busyC.rightD.last5.A.doubtB.considerC.acceptD.believe6.A.shoutingB.tellingC.whisperingD.expressing7.A.cheeredB.encouragedC.surprisedD.satisfied8.A.attackedB.killedC.warnedD.beat9.A.SinceB.WhileC.AsD.Before10.A.happierB.busierC.saferD.luckier11.A.donateB.lendC.spreadD.hang12.A.newsB.prizeC.nameD.moodKeys：BCADDACBCACD【课堂检测】一、考查基数词与序数的构成及用法ThisSaturdayismybirthday.Welcometomyparty!A.fourteenthB.thefourteenthC.fourteenD.thefourteen【解析】答案A。该题句意为“这个星期六是我的第十四个生日。欢迎来参加我的聚会。”基数词13~19都是以-teen结尾，是由个位基数词词干加后缀-teen构成。序数词“第一(二、三)”为first,second和third，其他序数词的构成是在基数词后加-th。一般情况下，序数词前面通常要加定冠词，但有人称代词所有格修饰时，定冠词则要删去。根据题意，故选A。注意:容易拼写错误的数词有:five-fifth;nine-ninth;twelve-welfth;twenty-wentieth。二、考查分数的构成及用法—Mum,ofmyclassmatesglasses.—Oh,myGod.Youneedtoprotectyoureyeswell.A.three-fourths;wearsB.three-fourth;wearC.three-fourth;wearsD.three-fourths;wear【解析】答案D。该题句意为“妈妈，我们班四分之三的同学都戴眼镜。”“哦，天哪。你们需要好好保护眼睛。”分数的构成原则是:分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母用复数。根据句意，表示“四分之三”应该说threefourths;“分数(百分数)+名词”作主语时，句子中谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词的单复数，句中的myclassmates是复数形式，谓语动词则应用复数形式。故选D。三、考查hundred,thousand,million等词的用法一"FoodSafety"hasbecomeoneofthehottesttopicsrecently.—Yeah,itreceivesInternethitsaday.A.thousandsB.thousandsofC.thousandD.hundreds【解析】答案B。该题句意为“食品安全成了当前热点话题之一。”“是啊，它一天网上点击量成千上万。”当hundred,thousand,million前面有具体数字表示准确的数目时，后面不能加-s，且不与of连用;当hundred,thousand等前面没有具体数词时，表示不具体、不准确的数目时，需要与of连用，词尾须加-s，本题中表示“成千上万网上点击量”，应该说thousandsofInternethits。故选B。四、考查含基数词的复合形容词用法(2017年泰安卷)Itisfiveyearssincewebegantoenjoyaspringholidayeachyear.A.ten-dayB.tendayC.tenday'sD.tendays【解析】答案A。该题句意为“我们开始享受每年十天的春假已经有五年了。”“基数词+名词(+形容词)”构成的复合形容词作定语时，其中的名词用单数形式。“十天”作前置定语的表达为ten-day，注意须用连字符号。故选A。词汇填空1.Itissaidthatthe_______(第五)bridgewillbebuiltacrosstheriversoon.2.Millieisbusypreparingforapartytocelebratehercousin’s______________(twelve)birthday.3.It’smycousin’s___________(第十)birthdaynextweek.4.Fifty-oneminusthirty-eightis___________.5.Thereare______________daysinaweek.6.Wis_________letterinthealphabet.7.Howmuchisthirtydividedbyfive?____________8.TheOlympicGamesareheldevery_______years.Keys：1.fifth/5th2.twelfth/12th3.tenth/10th4.Thirteen5.seven6.twenty-third7.six8.four单项选择1.Pleaseturnto________.Let’sreadthetextaloud.A.PageTwoB.thepagetwoC.secondpageD.pagesecond2.Mybrotherisin______.A.ThreeClass,OneGradeB.ClassThree,GradeOneC.GradeOne,ClassThreeD.classthree,gradeone3.Goodmorning,madam.CanIhelpyou?Sure,I’dlike________forcookingvegetables.A.twocupsoftea B.threepiecesofbread C.fivekilosofoilD.twomeat4.—Whichclasswonthematchintheend?—I’mnotquitesure.Perhaps_________did.A.ClassThird B.ThirdClass C.ClassThree D.ThreeClass5.Thereare________peopleinthesupermarket.It'ssocrowded.A．hundred B．hundreds C．hundredof D．hundredsof6.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolisaboutnine____.____ofthemareboys.A.hundred;TwothirdsB.hundred;TwothirdC.hundreds;TwothirdsD.hundreds;Twothird7.BecauseofProjectHope,_______childrenhavebetterlives.A.thousand B.thousands C.thousandof D.thousandsof8.Doyouknowtheboy________issittingnexttoPeter?Yes.HeisPeter’sfriend.Theyarecelebratinghis________birthday.A.who;ninth B.that;nineth C./;nineth D.which;ninth9..TodayisJack'sbirthday.Heisyearsoldnow.A.fourteenthB.fourteenC.thefourteenthD.thefourteen10.Mygrandparentsliveinanoldapartmentwithfloorsandtheyareonthefloor.A.fifth;threeBfifth;thirdC.five;threeD.five;third11.Myfathergavemeabikeonmybirthday.A.tenB.atenthC.thetenthD.tenth12.—Howoldisyourdaughter?一.Wehadaspecialpartyforherbirthdayyesterday.A.Nine;nineB.Nine;ninthC.Ninth;ninthD.Ninth;nine13.—Whatdoyouthinkoftheenvironmenthere?—Wonderful!ofthelandcoveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifths;isB.Twofifth;isC.Twofifths;areD.Twofifth;are14.Kobe'sfanswatchedhisfinalmatchandofthemweremen.A.Millionof;threefourthsB.Threemillions;thirdfourC.Millionsof;threefourthsD.Threemillion;thirdfours15.Lastyear,threehundredEnglishteacherstookpartintheEnglishTraining.A.two-monthB.two-monthsC.twomonthsD.twomonthKeys：1-5ABCCD6-10ADABD11-15DBACA【要点回顾】1.中考对数词的考察主要主要包括：1.掌握年、月、日的表达方法；2.掌握基数词和序数词的构成和及其用法；3.分数的表达和主谓一致；考察hundred、thousand、million和billion等词的用法2、解题方法1.审题清晰，抓住句中的关键词，确定用基数词还是序数词；2.记住一些常考用法，如分数的表达，长宽高的表述；3注意主谓一致，找准句子的主语，确定谓语动词。【温故知新】完型填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）Ihavealwayslikedgoingtoschool.Ie