新概念三1-30课笔记

◎XDF新概念第3册完全笔记（连载）有新内容lesson30

我刚刚开始学第3册，把每天的所得与大家分享。

Lesson1Apumaatlarge

课文精讲

1puma美洲狮

2spot看出，发现同义词：see,catchsightof,pickout,recognize

3hunt追捕，追猎

huntfor

runafter追求

seek/pursuade追寻

chase追赶

search搜寻某处为找到某物

4corner使走投无路

5trailn.一串,一系列v.follow

6cling:holdtightly粘

clingto粘在……上

stick粘住stickto坚持sticky粘的

cling--clung--clung

7convince使确信，使明白

convincesb(ofsth)makesbfeelcertain,causesbtorealize

confirm:provideevidenceforthetruthorcorrectnessof(areport,anopinion,etc);

establishthetruthof证实，证明(报告，意见)的正确性，确认

8somehow:bysomemeans,insomeway,forsomereasonunknowsomewhat:ali

ttle

9atlarge:(1)(ofacrimial,animal)free,notconfirmed

(2)ingreatdetail,throughly

(3)(用于名词后)asawhole,ingernal

10onthespot(1)马上，立刻(2)在场，在现场

11assemble聚集，把某些人召集在•起

hoard大量的贮存

amass积聚(主要用于诗和文学作品中)

12takesthseriously认真对待

13leavebehind(1)cause(signsofone'sactions,anevent,etc)toremain

(2)failorforgettobringortake

14complainof抱怨

15inthepossessionof/inpossessionof为(某人)所有/(某人)拥有(某物)

16feelobligedtoinvestigate感到有必要调查

feelobligedto/beobligedto感到有必要(做某事)

obligesb(withsth)/obligesb(bydoingsth)

17goonforseveralweeks持续好儿周

18inthequietcountry在宁静的乡村

补充

19accumulate:graduallygetorgathertogetheranincreasingnumberorquantityof

sth;getsthinthisway

20extraordinary:beyondwhatisordinary

extraordinarily:adv.

21blackberry黑莓

22print痕迹

Lesson2thirteenqualsone

课文精讲

1equal等于

与……相匹敌

beequalto有能力...

2raise筹款，募捐

提高

饲养供养种植

招募

提出发出

3torchlight电筒光

4always

现在进行时与频度副词always,constantly,continally等搭配表示说话人带有的感情色彩

5oneoranother某种，这样或那样

onereasonoranother

onewayoranother

6getenoughmoney筹集足够的钱

7havesomethingdone找某人来做某事

havethechurchrepaired

havetheplanerepaired

havehaircut

某人所遭受的意外某情况(主语必须是发出动作的人)

Hehadhiswalletstolen.

8usedto过去常常……，现在已经不再做

9however用于口语，主要用在句首.

用在作文中，最好用在句中句尾,要用逗号隔开

nevertheless

nonetheless

10start惊跳，惊吓

11before.…才

12armedwith配备上，武装上

armedwiththetorch

13recognizedsbas认出某人是

regardsbas/thinkofsbas认为某人是treatsbas以.…待某人haveonsbas把某人尊为

14nightafternight一夜又一-夜

dayafterdayyearafteryearweekafterweekbusafterbus

15aswell在句尾=too主要用于肯定句

still用在句首用逗号隔开，报是转折表示转折“虽然如此，但是"

16getusedto,beusedto,getaccustomedto,beaccustomedto习惯于

get表示渐进的过程be表示习惯了的状态

补充

17inprep.(1)与表示惊奇，恐惧，失望，生气等感情色彩的名词搭配，在句中做状语

insurprise

inanger

indisappoint

indismay

(2)“以，用”

inEnglish

inred

inink

(3)表示状态、情况、处境

introuble

intears

ingood/badorder

ingoodrepair

indebt

ingood/badhealth

inthebadmood

inbed

inpoverty/luxury

inafavorofexcitment

18begratefulfor/bethankfulfor为..表示感谢

19takethetroubletodosomething不辞劳苦地做某事

Iamgratefulforthetroubleyouhavetakenforme.

20still作连接副词=justthesame,eventhough,inspiteofthat仍然

yet但是，然而

lt*sraining,stillImustgoout.

Thispictureisnottoovabulable,stillIlikeit.

Ihavefailed,yetIshalltryagain.

Iesson3Anunknowngoddness

课文精讲

1stand=lie,situate(vt.),Iocate(vt.)

Agreattreestandsonthemout.

2for引导原因状语从句，表示对主句的附加说明和解释

because引导原因状语从句，重点突出原因

3atonetime=once曾经，一度

4enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization享有高度文明

5with...

6beautifullydecorated过去分词做定语，表示被动意义

Theyhadlargeroomswithbeautifullydecoratedwalls.

房间很大，墙壁装饰华丽.

7beneaththenarrowstreets=underthenarrowstreets

作介词时beneath=under在正下方

under还有“在进行中”的意思

undercontrol

underdiscussion

underrepair

below在下方强调斜下方

8beusedas/beusedtobe把...用做为

9datefrom/datebackto开始于，起源于

10happento(v.)碰巧

还有两种表达：

Ithappens/happenedthat

Asithappens/happenedthat碰巧，偶然

happenon+n./pron.偶然发现

11reconstruct:puttogether,restore

12amazed:verymuchsurprised

表示吃惊的程度surprised<astonished<amazed<astounded

13tofind.../todiscover.../torealize...发觉...

14turnout(tobe)证明是...

还可以用：

Itturnedoutthat…据证明

asitturnedout正如事后证明或证实的那样，果不其然

15reston=dependon=leanon倚放，放置

Hishandsrestedonmyshoulder.

16despite/inspiteof都是prep.接名词或动名词

17toone'ssurprise,withone'ssurprise使某人惊讶的是..

不同在：t。one*ssurprise可做独立状语，而且主语不必是人

withone'ssurprise不能独立使用，而且主语必须是人

相同的用法还有toone'sdisappointment,toone'ssatisfaction,toone'sdelight

toone'sdismay;

withone'sdisappointment,withone'ssatisfaction,withone'sdelight,withone'sdismay.

18sacred神圣的

religious宗教的，关于宗教的

frightening令人害怕的

19conserve=keepfromwasted,damaged,lost,destroyed保留

maintain维持，保养

20atthisdistance(of/intime)时隔已久

beforehand=inadvance事先

补充

21drainage排水，放水；排水系统

drainsystem排水系统

22archaelogist考古学家

23promontory海角

24storey楼层

同音词story故事

25full-length:notshortened;oftheexpectedlength

afull-lengthskirt:askirtthatreachestheanckles

Lesson4ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs

Vocabulary

1manual:physical<——>mental

2collar

whitecollar(domentalwork)

bluecollar(domanualwork)

(get)hotunderthecollar怒气冲天

3sacrifice牺牲：togiveupforgoodpurpose

~one'slifeforcountry

~time

makemany~s

4privilege:advantage好处

specialright特权

sacrificeone's~

givesbthe~ofdoingsth

privileged荣幸的

5dustman清洁工

6overalls工作服

7secrect秘密

keepsecrect保密

保密还有3种说法

(1)ltisbetweenyouandme.

(2)I'llkeepittomyself.

(3)confidential机密的

insecrect私下里

=secrectlyjnprivate,privately

inthesecrect知道内情

8status=socialposition社会地位

形近词statue雕像，雕塑

课文精讲

1peoplewhodomanualwork=>blue-collarworker

peoplewhoworkinoffices,peoplewhodomentalwork=>white-collarworker

2farmoremoney多许多钱

far=much副词，起加强语气的作用

3referto...as=regard...as把...看作/称作为

Ialwaysrefertohimasabookworm.

4forthesimplereason=>for引导原因状语从句

forthereasonthat比because正式，forthereasonthat多用于正式语句，而because多用在

口语中

5humannature人性

6such...that...

that引导同位语从句，进一步补充说明such的涵义

Suchishumannature,thatagreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpa

yfortheprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collarworkers.

7bewillingto=bereadyto心甘情愿做..

8giveriseto,leadto,cause=resultin引起，惹起

Thebadconditionshavegivenrisetoalotofcrimes.

9incaseof万一，以防

inthecaseof至于，就...而言

Stealingisnoshameincaseofhim.

Youshouldensureyourhouseincaseoffire.

10tooembrassedtosay太尴尬而没有说明

=beashamedof

10getmarried

marryv.强调动作时

Hemarriedthegirl.

表示状态get/bemarried

表达“和某人结婚已经多长时间了"bemarriedtosb

11simply=only,just,...andnomore.adv.修饰told

12dressedinasmartblacksuit形容词短语表达一种状态

=wearingasmartblacksuit

13changed(back)into换上，(换回)

14Beforereturninghome=Beforehereturnedhome

如果运用动名词形式，动名词的主语必须是主句的主语

15sheneverwill=shewillneverdiscoverthesecrect.

在省略句中never用在助动词前

16halfasmuchas是...的一半多

half/aquarter/threetimesas...as...

...as+(adj./adv.)+as…是...的几倍

...times+(a可.的比较级/adv.的比较级)比...多几倍

17iswellworththelossofmoney

well起加强语气作用，修饰worth

Difficultiesinexercise

1当直接宾语比较长或者是个从句时，通常放在间接宾语后，say除外

Iexplainedtohimtheimpossibiltyofgranting（答应）thisrequest.

Heconfessed（坦白）tomethathehadfallenasleepduringthemeeting.

2worth+n./动名词

Hissuggestionisworthconsidering.

3illustrate阐释，说明

4gain获利，赢得（经过努力）

~time~reputation

fee（为专业服务支付的）费用

thedoctor'sfee

thelawer'sfee

payment（formal）（商业信贷）付的费用

wages（体力劳动者的）工资

salary（白领阶层的）薪水

5payback偿还，报复

reward酬劳

compensatefor=makeupfor弥补

morethancompensatefor=iswellworththelossof

Lesson5TheFacts

Vocabulary

1editv.编辑

editionn编辑

editoriala.编辑的，主编的

n.社论

2extreme极端

走极端gotoextreme（s）

3statistics数据

4journalist报社，杂志社的记者

reporter电视台的记者

correspondent电台记者，通讯员

5palace在殿

6publish=print（vt.）gotopress（vi.Phr）

7firev.解雇

=dismiss（formal）

=sack（俚语）

Ifyoudoitwrongagain,you'llbesacked.

8originally最初地，原始地

Text

1instructsbtodosth

=tellsbformallytodosth

2on=about强调课题更专一

3Whenthearticlearrived

=Whentheeditorreceivedthearticle

4refusetopublishit拒绝发表(它)

refuse严厉拒绝

decline婉言拒绝

repudiate(formal)断然拒绝

5instructing现在分词做定语，补充说明fax

6setouttodo=decide&trytodo

Hesetouttomakehisfirst1,000,000in5years,

setaboutdoing=startdoingsth(nopassive)

7takesbalongtimetodosth某人花费很长时间做某事

8twomorefaxes=anothertwofaxes

9failto=couldn't

Thejournalistfailedtoreply.

10reluctantly=unwilling

11asithadorbeenwritten=initsoriginallyway

12倒装句小结

Anotonly位于句首，倒装

notonly...but(also)...

Notonlyhadthepoormanbeenarrested,buthehadbeensentintoprisonaswell.

B否定词位于句首，倒装

常用的否定词有never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely,nowhere,

nosonner

C含only的状语位于句首，倒装

Onlythendidherealizethathehadmadeamistake.

Onlywhenagreatdealmoreinformationhasbeenobtained,willitbepossibletoplan

atrip.

D含not的短语位于句首，倒装

notforamoment,

notintheleast

notforaninstant

notuntil

E含no的副词短语位于句首，倒装

atnotime

innoway

innosense

bynomeans

innocase

onnocondition

onnoaccount

undernocircumstances

Fso,such位于句首，倒装

13hehadatlastbeenallowed

=hehadatlastbeenpermitted

=hehadaskedforpemission

14while和现在分词搭配，做时间状语，表示正在做某事的过程中

可用while引导的时间状语从句替换

Hehadbeenarrestedwhilecountingthe1084steps...

=...whilehewascounting...

15现在分词

thestepleadingtothepresidenfspalace

16fifteen-foot做前置定语，用单数

Difficulties

倒装句（见课文讲解）

lesson6Smash-and-grab

Vocabulary

smash:breaksthintopiecesviolently

Thedisheswassmashedinthefloor,

smashinto猛撞，猛冲.猛击

2grab:seizesuddenly

catch:getholdofsth/sbsuddenlyandviolently

seize强调抓住抓到的结果

grasp:掌握

hold:抓牢，抓紧

Hegrabedmebythearm.

Fearseizeher.

3background背景

onthebackgroundofsth

backgroundinformation

amanofexcellentbackground

4scramblevi.creepquickly

climbvt.爬

mountvt.登上（山）

5fantastic:verygreat

large

wonderful

6arcade

7jewellery

8velvet

9headlight

10blare

11raid

12ashtray

Text

1介词短语修饰shops

Theshoeshopinmyneighborhoodwasjustopening.

2同位语从句

Mr.Taylor,theownerofajewelleryshopwasadmiringanewdisplay.

3with的复合结构本课重点

A.宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是主谓关系用动词-ing形式

B.宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是动宾关系用过去分词形式

C.描述当时的情况用形容词，副词，或介词短语.表示宾语的状况.

D.表达事情将要发生用动词的不定式to

eg.

Shestoodtherewithherhandsrestingonherhips.

Heranintotheroomwithhisfacecoveredwithtears.

Withhishomeworkfinishedhefelthappy.

Heusedtosleepwithallwindowsopen.

Hewentoutwithhishaton.

Withthemeetingover,wewenthome.

Hecameinwithaknifeinhishand.

Twootherswithblackstockingsoverfacesjumpedout.

Withalotofhomeworktodo,hecan*tgotothecinema.

with放在句首或句尾，做状语，表示行为方式，原因，或伴随状况.

with放在名词后，修饰限定该名词

eg.athiefwithstockingoverhisface

aroomwiththewindowsopen

4cometo+n.到达

cometoastop

cometoanend

cometoadecision

cometoanagreement

cometoanunderstanding

cometofame

cometosuccess

5at

atthebutcher's

atthebacker's

atthegreengrocer's

atthechemist's

6helponeselfto自便

Myroommatehelpedherselftomyclotheswithoutaskingme.

7toobusytonoticeanypain=concentratedone'smindthatdidnotfeelanypain

8atafantasicspeed=atatremendousspeed=atahigh(full)speed=withgreat

speed

9hunderdsofthousandsofdollarsworthofjewel价值上百万美元的珠宝

10前缀构词法本课重点

(1)dis-

A.dis-+adj.

agreeable--disagreeablecontent--discontent

gracefuldisgracefulsatisfactorydissatisfactory

B.dis-+n.

agreementdisagreementhonestdishonest

abilitydisabilitygrace——disgrace

C.dis-表示除去.解除名词前加上dis-转化为动词

couragediscouragerootdisroot

mask——dismaskburden——disburden

(2)ill-后面接以I开头的形容词

legal--illegallogical--illogical

literate--illteratelegible--illegible

(3)im-后面接以b,m,p,开头的形容词

mortal--immortalmoralimmoral

(4)ir-用在以r开头的形容词前

rational--irrationalresistble--irresistible

(5)in-用在以其他字母开头的形容词前

correct--incorrectaccurate--inaccurate

(6)un-后面接形容词或动词

"不"happy--unhappy

"无"condition--uncondition

表示“为“主要用在过去分词前

decided--undecidedfinished--unfinished

用在动词前表示做相反的动作

lock--unlocktie--untiepack--unpack

Difficltiesinexcersize

1onone'swayto在...的路上

onthewayto在...的路上

Heisonthewaytobecomealawer.

=Heisonhiswaytobecomealawer.

warnsboutofone'sway提醒某人让路

inone'sway挡路

2名词前有修饰词时，修饰词的语序时先形容词后名词

3speed强调加快动作和工作的进程

speedup

accelerate加I速v.

reverse倒车v.

4overdressed穿着讲究的

5overlooked俯瞰

6asithappened这类事的发生

7hurl用力投掷

8project发射=sendup

lesson7Mutilatedladies

Vocabulary

1mutilate毁伤，残害vt.通常用做被动语态

Hewasmutilatedintheaccident,andnowhasonlyoneleg.

Youhavealreadymutilatedthenovelbymakingsuchchanges.

mutilation切断，残缺不全n.

2chew咀嚼v.

Alotofpeoplelovechewinggums.

Don'tbiteoffmorethanonecanchew.

chewthefat聊天

chewedup（ffl）worried,anxious

Don'tgetchewedupaboutyourexamation.

3microwaveoven微波炉

microswich微型开关microfilm微缩胶卷microscope显微镜microphonemicrosecond百万分之

一秒microbiology微生物学

4safekeeping妥善保管n.

keepsthsafev.phr.safekeepingn.

doevilv.phr.evildoingn.

maketroublev.phr.troublemakingn.

5identifyv.鉴定

identityn.身份

identificationn.认明，确认

6spodeswoman女发言人

Notesonthetext

1段首用疑问句引发读者的兴趣和注意力

2rescue

save救（性命）

salvage（在水中捞）救

rescue抢救（东西）

Hunderedsofpeoplewenttohelptheplanerescue.

3whiterthanwhite在英国常见的广告用语，在这里译为damaged,mutilated

4makemistakeslikethis犯这种错误

5team组织

ateamcalledMutilatedLadieswhichdealswithclaimsfrompeoplewhofedtheirmone

ytoamachineortotheirdogs

calledMultitatedLadies做team的定语，表达被动意义。which引导定语从句修饰team，说明这个

组织的宗旨和职能。which引导的定语从句中又包含一个who引导的小从句，修饰限定people,这里

的定语从句是具体说哪一类的人。

6makeaclaim提出要求

7feedsthto喂..给...

这里是拟人

8concern:isabout

ArecentcaseconcernsJaneButlinwhosefiance,John,runsasuccessfulfurniturebusi

ness.

whose引导的定语从句

9runafactory,runacopanyrun经营，开

10haveagoodday这里指这一天的生意好

11tokeepitsafe为了保险起见

12puthiswalletcontaining$3,000intothemicrowaveovenforsafekeeping

=puthiswalletwhichcontained$3,ooo...

13gohorse-riding去骑马

14beautifully-cookedwallet这里是讽刺，幽默的说法

15Johnwenttoseehisbankmanagerwhosenttheremainsofwalletandthemoney

tothespecialdepartmentoftheBankofEnglandinNewcastle:theMutilateLadies!

who指代bankmanager

16solongas=onconditionthat=provided=suppose,supposing

17payfor为...付款，付款

payoff还清债务

payback(1)把钱还给某人(2)报复,报仇

paymoneyback

paysbback

Specialdifficulties

1定语从句

2现在分词

3过去分词

4后缀

--less表示否定

careless

-ful有，充满了

hopefulcareful

-iy

adj.+-ly>adv.happy>happily

n.+-ly>adj.day>daily

-ic,-pic

energetic

-ish

childishwomanish

-able

v.+-able>adj.

identify>identifiable

return>returnable

Lesson8Thefamousmonastery

Vocabulary

1monastery寺院，修道院

Abbot修道院院长

Conventnun修女

Abbess女修道院院长

2rashly:notthinkingenoughoftheresult,boldly

3enclosure围场，圈地

4privacyn.宁静，隐居

Notesonthetext

1At2,473meters介词短语修饰全文，放在句首，表示原因，条件或状态

Inred,shelooksmuchmorebeautiful.

2限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句

Therewerefewpassengerswhoescapedwithoutseriousinjury.

顺利逃出没有受重伤的旅客很少。

非限制性定语从句

Therewerefewpassengers,whoescapedwithoutseriousinjury.

旅客很少，都顺利逃出，没有受重伤。

3who导非限制性定语从句，指代人，在句中做主语

指代事物在非限制性定语从句中只能用which不用that

Helentmeathousanddollars,whichwasexactlythesumIneed.

4nowthat既然

引导时间状语从句，后面接完成时态

Nowthatyouhaveleftuniversity,youhavetofindajob.

引导原因状语从句时态不限

Nowthatyouwon'thelpme,Imustdothejobmyself.

5ever与what,who,when,where连用，加强语气（特别是疑问句的语气）

Whoevertoldyouthat,didn*tknowwhathewastalkingabout.

6attempttodosthtrytodosth前者更正式

7Therebe

TherearestillafewstudentsstudyingEnglishintheclassroom.

8incars=bycar

9about=hereandthere

Don*tlitterwastepapersabout.

10wanderabout

注意wander和wonder发音不同

11quitetheopposite恰恰相反

12prefersthtosth

prefertodothando

Heprefersbananasthanapples.

Heprefersreadingthandoingnothing.

Hepreferstoreadthandonothing.

13theregularvisitorstothemonastery来修道院参观的常客

14Theseyoungpeople,wholovethepeaceofthemountain,alwaysreceiveawarmw

elcomeatStBernard'smonastery.

Who引导的非限制性定语从句

Mike,wholoveschessverymuch,enteredforthegame.

Lesson9Flyingcats

Vocabulary

1fascinate迷住,吸引住v.

befacinatedwith

近义词：

like,love,befondof

befacinatedwith对...着迷

becrasyabout,bemadabout

fascination迷惑，蛊惑n.

fascinating迷人的，醉人的adj.

2affectionate充满深情的，柔情的

Catisakindofaffectionateanimal.

affectionatlyadv.深情地

affectionn.感情

3mysteriousadj.神秘的，难以捉摸的

mysteryn.秘密

4submissiveadj.服从的，顺从的

=obdient

besubmissivetosb

submitv.屈服,顺从

submitoneselftosb/sth

submissionn.

5felineadj.猫的

6independence独立性

7windowsilln.窗槛

8paratroopern.伞兵

9squirreln.松鼠

10air-resistancen.空气阻力

11impactn.冲击力

Notesinthetext

1Catsneverfailtofascinatehumanbeings.

neverfailto是双重否定。加深了句子的语义

双重否定又有四种：

(1)neverfailto,can'tfailto,don'tfailto

(2)在否定的形容词前加以否定

notreasonable,notuncommon

(3)not+without

Youcan'tobtainEnglishwithoutworkinghard.

(4)no+not

Thereisnorulethathasnoexception.

2havelearnedto学会了，习惯于

3besupiciousofsb怀疑某人，对某人存有戒心

4Oneofthethingsthatfascinatesusmostaboutcatsisthepopularbeliefthatthey

haveninelives.

是that引导的同位语从句

5truth不可数。用agreatdealof修饰

6appearantly=Itseemsthat...

7Acat'sabilitytosurvivefallsisbasedonfact.

suvivev.

falln.&v

bebasedon基于事实上的

basesthon把...建立在的基础上

Webasethetheoryonthefact.

8makeastudyofsth对...做出研究

9overaperiodoffivemonth经过为时五个月

10incommon=thesame

11diefromshock/injures/wound强调非自然死亡

dieofillness/disease/hunger/thirsty强调因疾病，寒冷饥饿或感情因素死亡

12beshortageof=belackof

thereisnoshortageoftallbuildings

=thereisnolackoftallbuildings

=thereareplentyoftallbuildings

13well-trained训练有素的

well-decorated装修得很好的

14Itseemsthatthefurthercatsfall,thelesstheyarelikelytoinjurethemselves,

thefurther...,theless

用定冠词the修饰形容词或副词的比较级

TheharderyoustudyEnglish,thebetteryoucanlearnit.

15belikelytodo有可能如何

16andmore甚至更多

17athighspeed高速

18stretchout伸展

Difficultiesinexercise

1for对于人们来讲

with对于人们来讲，强调对比概念

Withsomechildren,theirpocketmoneygoesalongway.

2during在……期间，强调时间短

through侧重指从空间通过

throughout自始至终，贯穿始终

3bebasedon=besupportedby被...证实

Lesson10ThelossoftheTitanic

Vocabulary

1colossal:largeinsize

近义词big,large,huge,great,vast,immense,enormous,giant,gigiantic,trem

endous,titantic.

big大且很重，重要的

Yougivemeabigsurprise.

Heisabigperson.

Theboxisbig.

large体积大，数量大

anemptylargebox

alargenumberofpeople

great伟大

vast辽阔

vastdesert

immense:不可测量的，无边无际的immeasurable

immensestadium

immenseiceburg

enormous数量大，程度深，体积大。强调程度时语义强于big

giant巨大的，高大的；巨人

agiantperson

giganticadj.

tremendous:big,fast,powerful.

Theplaneistravellingattremenendousspeed.

titanic人和物体积大，力量大

Theshipistitanic.

huge强调体积大，数量大

ahugestone

ahugeamountofmoney

2watertight不漏水的

awatertightship

awatertightargument,awatertightexcuse

waterproof防水的

waterproofwatch防水手表waterproofcoat雨衣

3floodvt.&n.

vt.1)befilledwithwater

Theshipisflooded.

2)引申为充满

Theroomisfloodedwithmoonlight.

n.洪水

1)inflood河水泛滥

Duringtherains,theriverisinflood.

2)inafloodofwords滔滔不绝地

Sheblamedherhusbandinafloodofwordsonseeinghim.

4tragic:悲剧的unfortunate,miserable,bitter

ragedy

comic喜剧的,comedy喜剧

comical古怪的,可笑的

5voyage海上航行

flight飞行

journey长途行程

navigation航海，航海术

Thevoyageismorethantheoldladycanbear.

6collide碰撞，抵触

crash坠毁

conflic和...相抵触

clash相冲突

Itissaidthereisanairplanethatcrashedinthemountains.

Myideaconflictswithyours.

Hisweddingclashedwithmyexamation,soIcouldn'tgo.

7tremble有规律，小幅度的抖动

Look,yourhandsaretrembling.What'swrongwithyou?

shiver因寒冷、惧怕--连串地抖动

Ifoundsheisshiveringinacold,

shudder全身颤栗

Theboyisshuddering.Why?Becausehewasfrightening.

8fiant:(1)weak

weaksound

(2)uncousious

近义词slight轻微的，微不足道的

aslightheadache

aslightbook

9abandon因为某事被迫放弃自己喜爱的事物

desert背弃，遗弃

desertthearmy,deserttheduty,deserthisfamily

10plunge:jumporrushsuddenly&wildly投入，跳入

jump强调快速的跳

Theboyisjumpimgupanddown,

leap跳跃

Heleaptoutofthesleepingbed.

dive跳水H.

Notesonthetext

1Thegreatship,Titanic,sailedforNewYorkfromSouthamptononApril10th,1912.

sailfor航海去往某处

setout(off)for出发去往某处

leavefor,headfor,makefor

2Evenbymodernstandards,the46,000tonTitanicwasacolossalship.

evenby...

by:accordingto依据

bymordernstandards,byregulation,byrules,byourestimate,byourlooks,byone's

appearance

accordingto依据课文、事实等客观存在的现实

accordingtothefact

accordingtothetext

inmyopinion在我看来

inaccordancewithtkaccordingto更正式

inaccordancewithlaw

inaccordancewithrules

3beregardedas:beconsiderdetobe,bethoughtofas

口语中常说regardsb/sthas+(n./pron./adj./doing/done)

eg.Iregardedhisideaastotallyunacceptable.

Wecan'tregardthematterassettled.

4godown:sink

5onherfirstvoyage=onhermaidenvoyage首航

6withheavylossoflife损失很大，伤亡惨重

7whiletheTitanicwassailingacrosstheicywateroftheNorthAtlantic,hugeiceberg

wassuddenlyspottedbyalookout.

...spotted:suddenlydiscoveredbyalookout

8icywater水域，海域

9narrowly勉强地

10Suddenly,therewasaslighttremblingsoundfrombelow,andthecaptainwentdo

wntoseewhathadhappened.

frombelow从底部，从下面

fromabove从上面

11toone'shorror使某人惊骇的是，使某人恐惧的是

toone'ssurprise使某人惊讶的是

12Theordertoabandonshipwasgivenandhundredsofpeopleplungedintotheicy

water.

order/ability/capitability

ordersbtodosth>theorderto(abandontheship)

beabletodosth>theabilitytodosth

becapableof>thecapabilityofdoingsth

Difficulties

WordBuilding

v.+-er以不发音的-e结尾的，只加-r.表示行为的主动者，做某事的人

work--workerteach--teachermurde--murderwritewriterreadreader

v.+-ist表示某种主义者，信仰者；从事某种事业，研究的人

copycopisttypetypistnovelnovelistdrugdruggist

tobaccotobacconist

adj.+-ness抽象名词。表示一种性质、情况、状态

kindkindessbitterbitternesshappyhappinesswillingwillingness

v.+-ion名词

suggestsuggesstionpossesspossessioncollectcollection

以-te结尾的动词，把不发音的・e去掉再加-ion

translatetranslationcompletecompletiongraduategraduation

某些以・aim,-ain结尾的动词，把・i去掉再加-ation

explainexplanationexclaimexclamation

某些以-ity结尾的，放在形容词后构成抽象名词，表示性质、状态

以-able/-ible结尾的形容词变成名词，变成-ability/-ibility

ableabilityprobableprobabilitypossiblepossibilitymobilemobil

Lesson11Notguilty

Vocabulary

1guilty犯罪的，违法的

Hefeltguiltywhenhedidwhatheshouldn'thavedone.

guiltn.

guiltilyadv.

反义词innocentadj.innocencen.

2tolerantadj.宽容的

tolerantlyadv.tolerancen.toleratevt.toleratableadj.

3hardened有经验的

=experienced

hardened侧重于老练的

ahardenplayerahardenedthief

experienced侧重于经验丰富的

anexperiencedteacher

4professional职业的，专业的

aprofessionalplayer

5officious爱管闲事的

officiouslyadv.officiousnessn.

anofficiouscivilservant爱管闲事的公务员

anofficiouspoliceofficer爱管闲事的警察

6confidently

Hewenttodotheworkconfidently.

=withconfident

confidentadj.confidencen.

haveconfidence有信心

gainconfidence获得信心

inconfidence=secretly秘密地，私下地

takesbinone'sconfidence以某人为心腹

7dreadful可怕的，乱七八糟的

=frightful胆怯的，恐惧的

8perfume香水

fragrance抽象名词，芬芳

9duty税

CustomDuty关税

StampDuty印花税

dutyfree免税的

同义词

tax

incometax所得税

10baggage行李

=luggage

Text

CustomsOfficersarequitetolerantthesedays,buttheycanstillstopyouwhenyouar

egoingthroughtheGreenChannelandhavenothingtodeclare.Evenreallyhonestpe

opleareoftenmadetofeelguilty.Thehardenedprofessionalsmuggler,ontheotherh

and,isnevertroubledbysuchfeelings,evenifhehasfivehundredgoldwatcheshidd

eninhissuitcase.WhenIreturnedformabroadrecently,aparticularlyofficiousyoung

CustomsOfficerclearlyregardedmeasasmuggler.

'Haveyouanythingtodeclare?'heasked,lookingmeintheeye.

'No',Iansweredconfidently.

'Wouldyoumindunlockingthissuitcaseplease?'

'Notatall,'Ianswered.

TheOfficerwentthroughthecasewithgreatcare.AllthethingIhadpackedsocaret

ullyweresooninadreadfulmess.IfeltsureIwouldneverbeabletoclosethecase

again.Suddenly,IsawtheOfficer'sfacelightup.Hehadspottedatinybottleatthe

bottomofmycaseandhepouncedonitwithdelight.

'Perfume,eh?'heaskedsarcastically.'Youshouldhavedeclaredthat.Perfumeisnote

xemptfromimportduty.,

'Butitisn'tperfume,'Isaid.'It'shairgel.*ThenIaddedwithasmile,'It'sastrange

mixtureImakemyself.'

AsIexpected,hedidnotbelieveme.

'Tryit!'Isaidencouragingly.

Theofficerunscrewedthecapandputthebottletohisnostrils.Hewasgreetedbyan

unpleasantsmellwhichconvincedhimthatIwastellingthetruth.Afewminuteslater,

Iwasabletohurryawaywithpreciouschalkmarksonmybaggage.

Notesonthetext

1CustomsOfficersarequitetolerantthesedays

表示程度的副词

完全地completely,entirely,fully,thoroughly

thoroughly有“仔仔细细地，彻彻底底地”意

绝对地absolutely

真地，确实really

Evenreallyhonestpeople...

尤其地，特别的particularly

aparticularlyofficiousyoungCostomsOfficer

极端地，极其，非常extremely,excessively

fairly“一般般”

very“非常”语气强烈

rather语意接近faily

注意rather,faily修饰形容词，副词，特别是修饰形容词同时修饰名词时,不定式冠词的位置不同

afailygoodbook

arathergoodbook

=ratheragoodbook

rathertoo=quite

quiterightquitewrongquitemistakenquitesure

2theGreenChannel=theCustoms