GRE考试填空每日一题

第第页GRE考试填空每日一题

1.AlthoughsaleshavecontinuedtoincreasesincelastApril，unfortunatelytherateofincreasehas——。

〔A〕resurged

〔B〕capitulated

〔C〕retaliated

〔D〕persevered

〔E〕decelerated

2.Althoughthementalprocessthatcreatesafreshandoriginalpoemordramaisdoubtless——thatwhichoriginatesandelaboratesscientificdiscoveries，thereisclearlyadiscernibledifferencebetweenthecrea-tors

〔A〕peripheralto

〔B〕contiguouswith

〔C〕opposedto

〔D〕analogousto

〔E〕inconsistentwith

3.Itisdisappointingtonotethatthelatesteditionofthebibliographybeliesitslong-standingreputationfor——by——somesignificantreferencestorecentpublications.

〔A〕imprecision……appropriating

〔B〕relevance……adding

〔C〕timeliness……updating

〔D〕meticulousness……revising

〔E〕e*haustiveness……omitting

4.AlthoughSimpsonwasingeniousat——toappearinnovativeandspontaneous，beneaththeruseheremaineduninspiredandrigidinhisapproachtoproblem-solving.

〔A〕intending

〔B〕contriving

〔C〕forbearing

〔D〕declining

〔E〕deserving

5.Shewascriticizedbyherfellowlawyersnotbecauseshewasnot——，butbecausesheso——pre-paredhercasesthatshefailedtobringthee*pectednumbertotrial.

〔A〕wellversed……knowledgeably

〔B〕welltrained……enthusiastically

〔C〕congenial……rapidly

〔D〕hardworking……minutely

〔E〕astute……efficiently

6.Schlesingerhasrecentlyassumedaconciliatoryatti-tudethatisnot——byhiscolleagues，whocon-tinueto——compromise.

〔A〕eschewed……dread

〔B〕shared……defend

〔C〕questioned……reject

〔D〕understood……advocate

〔E〕commended……disparage

7.TheNationalArchivescontaininformationso——thatresearchershavebeenknownnevertopublishbecausetheycannotbeartobringtheirstudiestoanend.

〔A〕divisive

〔B〕seductive

〔C〕selective

〔D〕repetitive

〔E〕resourceful

8.HILL：MOUNTAIN：：

〔A〕grass：rocks

〔B〕autumn：winter

〔C〕creek：river

〔D〕star：sun

〔E〕cliff：slope

9.AERATE：O*YGEN：：

〔A〕eclipse：light

〔B〕desiccate：moisture

〔C〕precipitate：additive

〔D〕hydrate：water

〔E〕striate：te*ture

10.ORCHESTRA：MUSICIAN：

〔A〕cube：side

〔B〕kilometer：meter

〔C〕sonnet：poem

〔D〕biped：foot

〔E〕pack：wolf

11.EQUIVOCATION：MISLEADING：：

〔A〕mitigation：severe

〔B〕advice：peremptory

〔C〕bromide：hackneyed

〔D〕precept：obedient

〔E〕e*planation：unintelligible

12.CENSORSHIP：COMMUNICATION：：

〔A〕propaganda：ideology

〔B〕preservative：decay

〔C〕revision：accuracy

〔D〕rest：atrophy

〔E〕e*ercise：fitness

13.BUS：PASSENGERS：

〔A〕flock：birds

〔B〕tanker：liquid

〔C〕envelope：letter

〔D〕bin：coal

〔E〕automobile：gasoline

14.BALLAD：STANZA：：

〔A〕novel：chapter

〔B〕poem：meter

〔C〕play：dialogue

〔D〕movie：script

〔E〕photograph：caption

15.DISABUSE：FALLACY：：

〔A〕cure：disease

〔B〕persevere：dereliction

〔C〕belittle：imperfection

〔D〕discredit：reputation

〔E〕discern：discrimination

16.BLANDISHMENT：CAJOLE：：

〔A〕prediction：convince

〔B〕obstacle：impede

〔C〕embellishment：praise

〔D〕deficiency：compensate

〔E〕compliment：e*aggerate

Althoughthehormoneadrenalineisknowntoregulatememorystorage，itdoesnotpassfromthebloodintobraincells.Wearefacedwithanapparentparado*：howcanahormonethatdoesnotactdirectlyonthebrainhavesucha〔5〕largeeffectonbrainfunction？

Recently，wetestedthepossibilitythatoneofthehormone‘sactionsoutsidethebrainmightberesponsible.Sinceoneconsequenceofadrenalinereleaseinananimalisanincreaseinbloodglucoselevels，wee*aminedthe〔10〕effectsofglucoseonmemoryinrats.Wefoundthatglu-coseinjectedimmediatelyaftertrainingenhancesmemorytestedthene*tday.Additionalevidencewasprovidedbynegativefindings：drugscalledadrenergicantagonists，whichblockperipheraladrenalinereceptors，disrupted〔15〕adrenaline’sabilitytoregulatememorybutdidnotaffectmemoryenhancementsproducedbyglucosethatwasnotstimulatedbyadrenaline.Theseresultsareastheyshouldbeifadrenalineaffectsmemorymodulationbyincreasingbloodglucoselevels.

17.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto

〔A〕reconciletwoopposingtheories

〔B〕comparetwodifferente*planationsforaphe-nomenon

〔C〕describee*perimentalresearchthatappearstosupportanunpopulartheory

〔D〕presentevidencethatmayhelptoresolveanapparentcontradiction

〔E〕describeahypothesisthathascauseacon-troversy

18.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwouldmostlikelydescribetheadditionalevidence〔line12〕providedbye*perimentswithadrenergicantagonistsas

〔A〕revolutionary

〔B〕disappointing

〔C〕incomplete

〔D〕une*pected

〔E〕corroborative

19.Thepassageprovidesinformationaboutwhichofthefollowingtopics？

〔A〕Themechanismbywhichglucoseaffectsmemorystorage

〔B〕Theevidencethatpromptedscientisttotesttheeffectsofadrenalineonmemoryregulation

〔C〕Thereasonthattheeffectsofglucoseonmemoryweretested

〔D〕Thewaysthatmemorystoragemodifiesthestruc-tureofthebrain

〔E〕Thekindsoftrainingusedtotestmemoryenhance-mentinrats

20.Theauthorreferstotheresultsofthee*perimentusingadrenergicantagonistsasnegativefindings〔line13〕

mostlikelybecausetheadrenergicantagonists

〔A〕failedtodisruptadrenaline‘seffectonmemory

〔B〕didnotaffectglucose‘sabilitytoenhancememory.

〔C〕didnotblockadrenaline‘sabilitytoincreasebloodglucoselevels

〔D〕onlypartiallyaffectedadrenaline‘sabilitytoenhancememory

〔E〕disruptedbothadrenaline‘sandglucose’seffectonmemory

Theageatwhichyoungchildrenbegintomakemoraldiscriminationsaboutharmfulactionscommittedagainstthemselvesorothershasbeenthefocusofrecentresearchintothemoraldevelopmentofchildren.Untilrecently，〔5〕childpsychologistssupportedpioneerdevelopmentalistJean.Piagetinhishypothesisthatbecauseoftheirimmaturity，childrenunderagesevendonottakeintoaccounttheinten-tionsofapersoncommittingaccidentalordeliberateharm，butrathersimplyassignpunishmentfortransgressionson〔10〕thebasisofthemagnitudeofthenegativeconsequencescaused.AccordingtoPiaget，childrenunderagesevenoccupythefirststageofmoraldevelopment，whichischar-acterizedbymoralabsolutism〔rulesmadebyauthoritiesmustbeobeyed〕andimminentjustice〔ifrulesarebroken，〔15〕punishmentwillbemetedout〕。Untilyoungchildrenmature，theirmoraljudgmentsarebasedentirelyontheeffectratherthanthecauseofatransgression.However，inrecentresearch，Keaseyfoundthatsi*-year-oldchildrennotonlydistinguishbetweenaccidentalandintentionalharm，but〔20〕alsojudgeintentionalharmasnaughtier，regardlessoftheamountofdamageproduced.Bothofthesefindingsseemtoindicatethatchildren，atanearlieragethanPiagetclaimed，advanceintothesecondstageofmoraldevelop-ment，moralautonomy，inwhichtheyacceptsocialrules〔25〕butviewthemasmorearbitrarythandochildreninthefirststage.Keasey‘sresearchraisestwokeyquestionsfordevelop-mentalpsychologistsaboutchildrenunderageseven：dotheyrecognizejustificationsforharmfulactions，anddo〔30〕theymakedistinctionsbetweenharmfulactsthatarepre-ventableandthoseactsthathaveunforeseenharmfulcon-sequences？Studiesindicatethatjustificationse*cusingharmfulactionsmightincludepublicduty，self-defense，andprovocation.Fore*ample，NesdaleandRuleconcludedthat〔35〕childrenwerecapableofconsideringwhetherornotanaggressor’sactionwasjustifiedbypublicduty：fiveyearoldsreactedverydifferentlytoBonniewrecksAnn‘spretendhousedependingonwhetherBonniediditsosomebodywon’tfalloveritorbecauseBonniewantedto〔40〕makeAnnfeelbad.Thus，achildoffivebeginstounder-standthatcertainharmfulactions，thoughintentional，canbejustified；theconstraintsofmoralabsolutismnolongersolelyguidetheirjudgments.Psychologistshavedeterminedthatduringkindergarten〔45〕childrenlearntomakesubtledistinctionsinvolvingharm.Darleyobservedthatamongactsinvolvingunintentionalharm，si*-year-oldchildrenjustenteringkindergartencouldnotdifferentiatebetweenforeseeable，andthuspreventable，harmandunforeseeableharmforwhichtheperpetrator〔50〕cannotbeblamed.Sevenmonthslater，however，Darleyfoundthatthesesamechildrencouldmakebothdistinc-tions，thusdemonstratingthattheyhadbecomemorallyautonomous.

21.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthepassageasawhole？

〔A〕Anoutlineforfutureresearch

〔B〕Ane*pandeddefinitionofcommonlymisunder-stoodterms

〔C〕Ananalysisofadisputebetweentwotheorists

〔D〕Adiscussionofresearchfindingsinanongoinginquiry

〔E〕Aconfirmationofanestablishedauthority‘stheory

22.Accordingtothepassage，Darleyfoundthataftersevenmonthsofkindergartensi*yearoldsacquiredwhichofthefollowingabilities？

〔A〕Differentiatingbetweenforeseeableandunforesee-ableharm

〔B〕Identifyingwiththeperpetratorofaharmfulaction

〔C〕Justifyingharmfulactionsthatresultfromprovo-cation

〔D〕Evaluatingthemagnitudeofnegativeconsequencesresultingfromthebreakingofrules

〔E〕Recognizingthedifferencebetweenmoralabsolu-tismandmoralautonomy

23.Accordingtothepassage，PiagetandKeaseywouldnothaveagreedonwhichofthefollowingpoints？

〔A〕Thekindsofe*cuseschildrengiveforharmfulactstheycommit

〔B〕Theageatwhichchildrenbegintodiscriminatebetweenintentionalandunintentionalharm

〔C〕Theintentionschildrenhaveinperpetratingharm

〔D〕Thecircumstancesunderwhichchildrenpunishharmfulacts

〔E〕Thejustificationschildrenrecognizeformitigatingpunishmentforharmfulacts

24.Itcanbeinferredthatthetermpublicduty〔line33〕

intheconte*tofthepassage，meanswhichofthefol-lowing？

〔A〕Thenecessitytoapprehendperpetrators.

〔B〕Theresponsibilitytopunishtransgressors

〔C〕Anobligationtopreventharmtoanother

〔D〕Theassignmentofpunishmentforharmfulaction

〔E〕Ajustificationforpunishingtransgressions

25.Accordingtothepassage，Keasey‘sfindingssupportwhichofthefollowingconclusionsaboutsi*-year-oldchildren？

〔A〕Theyhavetheabilitytomakeautonomousmoraljudgments.

〔B〕Theyregardmoralabsolutismasathreattotheirmoralautonomy.

〔C〕Theydonotunderstandtheconceptofpublicduty.

〔D〕Theyacceptmoraljudgmentmadebytheirpeersmoreeasilythandoolderchildren.

〔E〕Theymakearbitrarymoraljudgments.

26.ItcanbeinferredformthepassagethatPiagetwouldbelikelytoagreewithwhichofthefollowingstate-mentsaboutthepunishmentthatchildrenundersevenassigntowrongdoing？

〔A〕Theseverityoftheassignedpunishmentisdeter-minedbytheperceivedmagnitudeofnegativeconsequencesmorethanbyanyotherfactor.

〔B〕Thepunishmentistobeadministeredimmediatelyfollowingthetransgression.

〔C〕Thechildrenassignpunishmentlessarbitrarilythantheydowhentheyreachtheageofmoralautonomy.

〔D〕Thepunishmentforactsofunintentionalharmislessseverethanitisforactsinvolvingaccidentalharm.

〔E〕Themoredevelopmentallyimmatureachild，themoreseverethepunishmentthatthechildwillassign.

27.Accordingtothepassage，theresearchofNesdaleandRulesuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutfive-year-oldchildren？

〔A〕Theirreactionstointentionalandaccidentalharmdeterminetheseverityofthepunishmentstheyassign.

〔B〕They，asperpetratorsofharmfulacts，disregardthefeelingsofthechildrentheyharm.

〔C〕Theytakeintoaccount