四级英语模拟考试试题

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritea

compositionwiththetitleONFriendship.Yourcompositionshouldbenoless

than120words.Remembertowriteyourcompositionneatly.Youshouldalso

baseyourcompositionontheoutlinebelow.

1.Theneedforfriends

2.Truefriendship

3.Myprincipleinmakingfriends

PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)

SectionA

Direction:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports,Attheendofeachnewsreport,

youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbe

spokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthe

fourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorresbondingletteronAnswer

sheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

港意:此部今信敢错在答做卡1上作参。

Question1and2willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.

1.A)ThehighestpriceofgoldonAsianmarkets.

B)ThehighestpriceofgoldonAfricanmarkets.

C)ThelowestpriceofgoldonAsianmarkets.

D)ThelowestpriceofgoldonAfricanmarkets.

2.A)Whenthepricefelltoitslowestlevel.

B)Whengoldpricesreachedinvestors^ettargets.

C)Whenlotsofphysicalgoldwasconsumed.

D)Whentheyareinthefuturesmarket.

Question3and4willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.

3.A)Birdsandbatsmayflyintotheturningblades.

B)Birdsandbatscan*tstandhighwindspeed.

C)Windturbinescanproduceelectricity.

D)Windturbinescanreleasepoisonousgas.

4.A)Itismadeofiron.

B)Itismadeofsteel.

C)Itismadeofplastic.

D)Itismadeofpaperboard.

Question5to7willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.

5.A)Thehotconditions.

B)Thecoldconditions.

C)Thewetconditions.

D)Thedryconditions.

6.A)Pollutionwillbemoreseriousinpopularbeaches.

B)Waterqualitymayreachthelowestleavel.

C)Peoplemaybecomeinfectedwithdiseases.

D)Awarningsystemwillbeextremelyurgent.

7.A)Lessthan18hours.

B)18to24hours.

C)Morethan24hours.

D)Morethan48hours.

SectionB

Direction:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeach

conversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbe

spokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthe

fourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorresbondingletteronAnswer

sheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

覆意:此都今锹敢德在答题卡1上作率。

ConversationOne

Question8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

8.A)Shehasn'tseensnow.

B)Shedoesn*tliketoski.

C)Sheisafraidofskiing.

D)Shelivesveryfarawayfromtheskifield.

9.A)Actlikeacat.

B)Goupstepbystep.

C)Standinthemiddle.

D)Goupasquicklyaspossible.

10.A)Crossthetips.

B)Stopleaningforward.

C)Pointthetipstogether.

D)Movetoagentleplace.

11.A)Pleasedbutafraid.

B)Happybutnervous.

C)Pleasedandproud.

D)Excitingandsatisfied.

ConversationTwo

Question12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A)Sheishonestandhardworking.

B)Sheisverycompetentforthejob.

C)Shelikesherjobverymuch.

D)Sheishardworkingbutnotcompetent.

13.A)Designingaterrificweb.

B)Designingabasicweb.

C)BuidingaterrificBBS.

D)Designingaterrificprogram.

14.A)Shelearnedtheskillsatafamousuniversity.

B)Shelearnedtheskillsbyherself.

C)Shedidn'tdowellatschool.

D)Shereceivedsomeprofessionaltraining.

15.A)Letherleaveimmediately.

B)Getanexperiencedmantohelpher.

C)Fireherinaweek.

D)Lethergetsomeprofessionaltraining.

SectionC

Direction:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,you

willhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.

Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked

A),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorresbondingletteronAnswersheet1withasingle

linethroughthecentre.

该忐:此梆今信敢请点春象卡1上作客。

PassageOne

Question16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Sippingaglassofwinebeforegettingintobed.

B)Drinkingacupofteaonehourbeforesleep.

C)Exercisingoneoneortwohoursbeforebedtime.

D)Takingahotshowerhalfanhourbeforebedtime.

17.A)Listentosomequietmusic.

B)Getoutofbedtillbeingsleepyagain.

C)Trytorelaxourmind.

D)Readsomeinterestingarticles.

18.A)Approachestogetabetternight'ssleep.

B)Theharmoflackofsleep.

C)Effectsofmoderntechnologyonsleep.

D)Benefitsofagoodsleep.

PassageTwo

Question19to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Herteacherfoundthatshehadgreatskill.

B)Shedidn'thavetroubleatschoolanymore.

C)Shecouldfollowalltherulesfromthenon.

D)Shefoundshecouldexpressherselfwithpainting.

20.A)Shedepositeditinthebank.

B)Shegaveittothesickchildren.

C)Shecontributedittocharitableorganization.

D)Shegaveitouttothosewhoneededit.

21.A)Hecompletedhisbiggestcharityprojectunitnow.

B)HegetamessagefromObamaandlawmakers.

C)HeaskedforhelpforthosehomelesschildreninAmerica.

D)Hemanagedtoraisetensofthousanddollars.

22.A)Heenjoyedcommunityserviceworkeversincehewasverylittle.

B)Windturbinescanproduceeletricity.

C)Birdsandbatscan'tstandhighwindspeed.

D)Windturbinescanreleasepoisonousgas.

PassageThree

Question23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

23.A)ltdoesn'tworkasexpected.

B)ltcandohramtochildren.

C)ltfindoutseriousinjuries.

D)ltcanprovidedetailedimageofthebrian.

24.A)Manychildrensuffergreatlyfrombraininjury.

B)Manychildrenarethreatenedbylungcancer.

C)Childrensuffermorefrombraininjurythanfromcancer.

D)Childrenhaveahighriskofdevelopingcancer.

25.A)Whenachildagedtwohasnobrokenboneintheskull.

B)Whenachildagedtenloseconsciousness.

C)Whenachildagedonehasnoseriousheadache.

D)Whenachildagednienhasnormalmentalactivity.

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Infamilieswithtwoworkingparents,fathersmayhavemoreimpactona

child'slanguagedevelopmentthanmothers,anewstudysuggests.

Researchers2692familiesfrom11childcarecentersbeforetheir

childrenwereayearold,interviewingeachtoestablishincome,levelof

educationandchildcarearrangements.Overall,itwasagroupof

well-educatedmiddle-classfamilies,withmarriedparentsbothlivingin

thehome.

Whenthechildrenwere2,researchersvideotapedthemathomein

free-playsessionswithbothparents,27alloftheirspeech.Thestudywill

appearintheNovemberissueofTheJournalofAppliedDevelopmentof

Psychology.

Thescientistsmeasuredthe28numberofutterances(话语)ofthe

parents,thenumberofdiffe-rentwordstheyused,thecomplexityoftheir

sentencesandother29oftheirspeech.Onaverage,fathersspokelessthan

mothersdid,buttheydidnotdifferinthelengthofutterancesorproportionof

questionsasked.

Finally,theresearchers30thechildren'sspeechatage3,usinga

standardizedlanguagetest.Theonlypredictorsofhighscoresonthetestwere

themother'slevelofeducation,the31ofchildcareandthenumberofdifferent

wordsthefatherused.

Theresearchersare32whythefather'sspeech,andnotthemother's,

hadaneffect.

"It'swell33thatthemother'slanguagedoeshaveanimpact,"said

NadyaPancsofar,theleadauthorofthestudy.Itcouldbethatthe

high-functioningmothersinthestudyhad34hadastronginfluenceontheir

children'sspeechdevelopment,Ms.Pancsofarsaid,"oritmaybethatmothers

are35inawaywedidn'tmeasureinthestudy."

A)already

B)analyzed

C)aspects

D)characters

E)contributing

F)describing

G)established

H)quality

I)quoted

J)recording

K)recruited

L)total

M)unconscious

N)unsure

O)yet

SectionB

DefinitionsofObesity

A)Howdoesonedefinewhenapersonisconsideredtobeobeseandnot

justsomewhatoverweight?Height-weighttablesgiveanapproximatequideline

astowhetheroneissimplyoverweightorhaspassedintotheobesestage.

B)TheWorldHealthOrganizationrecommendsusingaformulathattakes

intoaccountaperson'sheightandweight.The"BodyMassIndex"(BMI)is

calculatedbydividingtheperson'sweightinkilogramsbythesquareoftheir

heightinmeters,andisthusgiveninunitsofkg/m2.ABMIof18.5-24.9is

consideredtobethehealthiest.ABMIofbetween25and29.9isconsideredto

beoverweight,whileaBMIofover30isconsideredtobeobese.

C)However,itisrecognizedthatthisdefinitionislimitedasitdoesnot

takeintoaccountsuchvariablesasage,genderandethnicorigin,thelatter

beingimportantasdifferentethnicgroupshaveverydifferentfatdistributions.

Anothershortcomingisthatitisnotapplicabletocertainverymuscularpeople

suchasathletesandbodybuilders,whocanalsohaveartificiallyhighBMIs.

AgenciessuchastheNationalCholesterolEducationProgram(NCEP)inthe

USAandtheInternationalDiabetesFoundation(IDF)arestartingtodefine

obesityinadultssimplyintermsofwaistcircumference.

HealthEffectsofObesity

D)Over2000yearsago,theGreekphysicianHippocrateswrotethat

"personswhoarenaturallyveryfatareapttodieearlierthanthosewhoare

slender".Thisobservationremainsverytruetoday.Obesityhasamajor

impactonaperson'sphysical,socialandemotionalwell-being.Itincreasesthe

riskofdevelopingdiabetesmellitustype2("matureonsetdiabetes")andalso

makesType2diabetesmoredifficulttocontrol.Thusweightlossimprovesthe

levelsofbloodglucoseandbloodfats,andreducesbloodpressure.The

associationbetweenobesityandcoronaryheartdiseaseisalsowell-known.

Cancer

E)Furthermore,in2001medicalresearchersestablishedalinkbetween

beingoverweightandcertainformsofcancer,andestimatedthatnearly

10,000Britonsperyeardevelopcancerasaresultofbeingoverweight.This

figurewasmadeupof5,893womenand3,220men,withthestrongest

associationsbeingwithbreastandcoloncancers.However,itisthoughtthat

beingoverweightmayalsoincreasetheriskofcancerinthereproductive

organsforwomenandintheprostateglandformen.

F)Thelinkbetweenbreastcancerandnutritionalstatusisthoughttobe

duetothesteroidhormonesoestrogenandprogesterone,whichareproduced

bytheovaries,andgovernawoman'smenstrualcycle.Researchershave

foundthatthemoreawomaneats,orthemoresedentaryherlifestyle,the

higheraretheconcentrationsofprogesterone.Thislinkcouldexplainwhy

womenfromlessaffluentcountrieshavelowerratesofbreastcancer.Women

fromlessaffluentnationstendtoeatlessfoodandtoleadlifestyleswhich

involvemoredailymovement.Thislowerstheirprogesteronelevel,resultingin

lowerpredispositiontobreastcancer.

G)TheTimesnewspaper,in2002reportedthatobesitywasthemain

avoidablecauseofcanceramongnon-smokersintheWesternworld!

Aging

H)ResearchpublishedbyStThomas'Hospital,London,UKin2005

showedacorrelationbetweenbodyfatandaging,totheextentthatbeing

obeseadded8.8yearstoawoman'sbiologicalage.Theeffectwas

exacerbatedbysmoking,andanon-overweightwomanwhosmokes20

cigarettesadayfor20yearsadded7.4yearstotheirbiologicalage.The

combinationofbeingobeseandasmokeraddedatleasttenyearstoa

woman'sbiologicalage,andalthoughthestudyonlyinvolvedwomen,thelead

researcherProfessorTimSpectorbelievesthefindingwouldalsoapplyto

men.

I)Theagingeffectwasdeterminedbymeasuringthelengthoftelomeres,

tiny"caps"ontheendsofchromosomes,whichhelpprotecttheDNAfromthe

ageingprocess.Indeed,telomereshavebeenclubbedthe"chromosomal

clock"because,asanorganismages,theybecomeprogressivelyshorter,and

canbeusedtodeterminetheageoftheorganism.Beyondacertainpoint,the

telomerebecomessoshortthatitisnolongerabletopreventtheDNAofthe

chromosomefromfallingapart.Itisbelievedthatexcessbodyfat,andthe

chemicalspresentintobaccosmokereleasefreeradicalswhichtrigger

inflammation.Inflammationcausestheproductionofwhitebloodcellswhich

increasestherateoferosionoftelomeres.

Dementia

J)Recentresearch(2005)conductedintheUSAshowsthatobesityin

middleageislinkedtoanincreasedriskofdementia,withobesepeoplein

their40sbeing74%morelikelytodevelopdementiacomparedtothoseof

normalweight.Forthosewhoaremerelyoverweight,thelifetimeriskof

dementiariskwas35%higher.

K)ScientistsfromtheAgingResearchCentreattheKarolinskaInstitutein

Swedenhavebeenabletotakeinformationsuchasage,numberofyearsin

education,gender,bodymassindex,bloodpressurelevel,physicalactivity

andgeneticfactors,assigningeachariskscore.Theythenusedthis

informationtodeviseapredictivetestfordementia.Thistestwillenablepeople

atrisk,forthefirsttime,tobeabletoaffectlifestylechangeswhichwillreduce

theirriskofcontractingdementia.

OtherProblems

L)Theworld-wideupsurgeinobesity,particularlyinchildren,isofmajor

economicconcern,liabletodraineconomies.Offurtherconcernisthat

researchconductedinAustraliaandpublishedin2006,showsthatuptoone

thirdofbreechpregnancieswereundetectedbythetraditional"palpation"

examination,thedangerbeinggreatestforthosewomenwhoareoverweight

orobese—agrowingproportionofmothers.Thismeansthatsuchwomenare

notgettingthetreatmentrequiredtoturnthebabyaroundintimeforthebirth,

andinmanycasesrequireanemergencyCaesareansection.

M)Thisisatruehealth-carecrisis,farbiggerthanSevereAcute

RespiratorySyndrome(SARS)andultimately,evenbiggerthanAIDS.

36.Youcanjudgewhetheroneissimplyoverweightorhaspassedinto

theobesestageaccordingtotheheight-weighttable.

37.Usingthe"BodyMasslndex"todefineaperson'sweightidealis

limited,becauseitdoesnottakesintoaccountmanyvariablessuchasage,

genderandethnicorigin.

38.Aperson'semotionalwell-beingwouldbeaffectedbyobesity.

39.Obesityhassomethingtodowithcancerintheprostateglandforman.

40.Womenfromlessaffluentnationstendtohavemuchlessbreast

cancer.

41.Anon-overweightwomanwhosmokes20cigarettesadayfor20

yearsadded7.4yearstoherbiologicalage.

42.Theexcessbodyfat,likethechemicalspresentintobaccosmoke,can

leadtoinflammation.

43.Obesepeopleinmiddleagerunanincreasedriskofdementia.

44.Thepredictivetestfordementiawillhelppeopletoaffectlifestyle

changesthatwillreducetheirriskofcontractingdementia.

45.Theworld-wideupsurgeinobesity,particularlyinchildren,will

possiblydraineconomies.

SectionC

Directions：Thereare2passagesinthissection..Eachpassageisfollowedbysome

questionsorunfinishedstatements»ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA)，

B),C)andD)。Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletter

onAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre<.

Passageone

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Someradiosingalswereheardin1967.Theywerecomingfromapoint

intheskywheretherewasunknownstar.Theywerecomingvery

regularly,too:aboutonceasecond,iftheywerecontrolledbyclock.

Thescientistswhoheardthesignalsdidnottellanybodyelse.They

wereratherafraidtotellincasetheyfrightenedpeople.Thesignalswere

comingfromaverysmallbody—nobigger,perhapsthantheearth.Wasthat

whynolightcouldbeseenfromit?Orwerethesignalscomingfromaplanet

thatbelongedtosomeotherstar?Therewasnoendtothequestions,butthe

scientistskeptthenewssecret.Terhapsthereareintelligentbeingsout

there."theythought,"whoaretryingtosendmessagestootherplanets,orto

us?Sothenewswasnotgiventothenewspaper.Instead,thescientistsstudied

thesignalsandsearchedforotherslikethem...Well,allthathappenedin1967

and1968.Sincethenscientistshavelearntmoreaboutthose

strange,regular,radiosignals.Andtheyhavetoldthestory,ofcourse.

Thesignalsdonotcomefromaplanet;theycomefromanewkindof

starcalleda“pulsa叫Aboutahundredotherpulsarshavenowbeenfound,and

mostofthemareverylikethefirstone.

Pulsarsarestrongradiostars.Theyarethesmallestbuttheheaviest

starsweknowatpresent.Ahandfulofpulsarwouldweighafewthousand

tons.Theirlight—iftheygivemuchlight—istoosmallforustosee.Butwecan

besureofthis.nointelligentbeingsarelivingonthem.

46.Theradiosignalsdiscussedinthispassage.

A.wereregularB.werecontrolledbyaclock

C.wereheardin1967onlyD.weresecretmessages

47.Theradiosingalsweresentby.

A.asatelliteB.aplanet

C.askybodywhichwasunknownatthattime

0.intelligentbeingswhowereunknownatthattime

48.Thescientistsdidnottellpeopleaboutthesignalsbecause.

A.thesingalsstoodforsecretmessages

B.peoplewouldaskthemtoomanyquestions

C.theydidnotwanttofrightenpeople

D.theystoodforunimportantmessages

49.Apulsaris.

A.asmallheavystarwhichsendsoutstrongradiosignalsandcannot

beseen

B.asmallheavyplanetwhichsendsoutstrongradiosignalsand

cannotbeseen

C.asmallheavysatellitewhichsendsoutstrongradiosignalsand

cannotbeseen

D.asmallintelligentbeingwhosendsoutstrongradiosignalsand

cannotbeseen

50.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.Oneofthepulsarsfoundbyscientistssendsradiosignals.

B.Pulsarbegantosendradiosingalsin1967.

C.Scientistshavesearchedforpulsarsformanyyearsbutfoundnone.

0.Scientistshavefoundmanypulsarssince1967.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Theconceptofpersonalchoiceinrelationtohealthbehaviorsisan

importantone.Anestimated90percentofallillnessesmaybepreventableif

individualswouldmakesoundpersonalhealthchoicesbaseduponcurrent

medicalknowledge.

Weallenjoyourfreedomofchoiceanddonotliketoseeitrestricted

whenitiswithinthelegalandmoralboundariesofsociety.[ZZ)]Thestructureof

Americansocietyallowsustomakealmostallourownpersonaldecisionsthat

mayconcernourhealth.Ifwesodesire.wecansmoke,drinkexcessively,

refusetowearseatbelts,eatwhateverfoodswewant,andliveacompletely

sedentarylife-stylewithoutanyexcuse.Thefreedomtomakesuchpersonal

decisionsisafundamentalaspectofoursociety,althoughthewisdomofthese

decisionscanbequestioned.Personalchoicesrelativetohealthoftencausea

difficulty.Asoneexample©teenagermayknowthefactsrelativetosmoking

cigarettesandhealthbutmaybepressuredbyfriendsintobelievingitisthe

sociallyacceptedthingtodo.Amultitudeoffactors,bothinheritedand

environmental,influencethedevelopmentofhealthrelatedbehaviors,anditis

beyondthescopeofthistexttodiscussallthesef