新目标英语八年级下第6单元知识点

Unit6AnoldmantriedtomovethemountainsTopic:TellastoryTeachingAims：TomastertheStructureofConjunctionsunless,assoonasandso…thatKeypoint：Theusageofunless,assoonasandso…thatSentences：Whatwas/weresb.doing?某人正在做什么？Sb.was/weredoingsth.某人正在做某事。Itis+n.+todosth.做某事是…… Languagepoints状语从句是由从属连词引导，与主句连接，位于句首时，常与主句用逗号分开，位于句末时，其前一般不用逗号。状语从句根据用途分为时间状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，条件状语从句，让步状语从句，方式状语从句，目的状语从句等。assoonas引导时间状语从句意为“一……就”，若主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来的意义。IwilldosomecleaningassoonasIfinishmyhomework.unless引导条件状语从句相当于if…not，表示否定，意为“除非”，若主句表示一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来的意义。Iwon,tgototomorrow,spartyunlessIaminvited.Unless的条件句表示在特定条件下，才决定做或不做一件事，中文用的连接词一般是“除非”和“否则”。如：除非刮台风，否则演唱会将如期进行。在英语中，我们可以用unless表达这个意思，相当于ifnot。以这个句子为例：Theconcertwillbeheldasscheduleunlessthereisatyphoon.=theconcertwillbeheldasscheduleifthereisnotatyphoonIf和unless引导的条件状语从句条件句表可能，主句多用将来时；条件句表事实，主句常用现在时。Wecanwalkthereifwecan,tfindabus.如果我们找不到公车，也能走路去那里Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgotothezoo.如果明天下雨，我们就不去动物园Whatwillyougoifyoufindsomeoneindanger?条件状语从句If条件句有不同的类型，简述如下：(1)用if条件句表达客观真理或普通现象If条件句用于表达客观真理或普通现象时，主从句时态均用一般现在时，Ifyoufreezewater,itturnsintoice.(2)用if条件句表示将来可能发生的事情在表示将来可能发生的事情的if条件句中，主句用一般将来时，而if从句用一般现在时表示将来的时间，即主将从现注意：在条件句中，主句部分只能使用动词will的一般将来时，不能使用begoingto的结构练习IfI________hisphonenumber,Iwilltellyou.findB.foundC.willfindD.havefoundWewillgocampingifit_______tomorrow.Won'trainB.didn'trainC.doesn'trainD.isn'trainingI'mwaitingformyfriend.Ifhe_______,I______swimmingalone.doesn'tcome;willgoB.won'tcome;willgoC.willcome;won'tgoD.don'tcome;willgo______yougotothesupermarketat7p.m,youcanbuyalotofcheapfood.IfB.UnlessC.WhetherD.WhenIwon'tgettothepartyontime______Icatchthefirsttraintomorrowmorning.A.IfB.UnlessC.WhetherD.When6.------Shallwegoonapicnicthisweekend?------Goodidea!Unlessit_______.rainsB.doesn'trainC.rainD.won'train-----CanIchangethejacketforanotherone______itdoesn'tfitmewell?-----Ofcourse.unlessB.ifC.thatD.thoughNobodycanlearnmathswellheworkshardonit.AifBunlessCthoughtDhoweverIffish________awayfromwater,they_______die.Aaretaking,won'tBaretaken,willCarebeingtaken,willDtake,won'tsothatsothat引导目的状语从句表示“为了……”“目的是”Thelittleboysavedeverycoin___________________hecouldbuyhismotherapresentonMother'sday.当球迷们看到贝克汉姆的时候，他们如此激动以致于大喊大叫。WhenthefootballfanssawBeckham,theygot_______excited______theycriedout.补充So...that与too...toHewassoangrythathecouldn'tsayaword.他如此生气以至于说不出一句话。Hewastooangrytosayaworld他太生气而不能说一句话。So....that与such...Thatso+形容词/副词+that+从句，如：ThisstoryissointerestingthatIwanttoreaditagain.这个故事如此有趣以至我想再读一次。HespokesoquicklythatIcouldn'tfollowhim.他说得如此快以至我不能跟上他。so+形容词/副词+(a/an)+(单数)复数可数名词／不可数名词+that+从句，如果句中的名词是单数可数名词，其前就要用不定冠词a或an，如果是复数可数名词或者不可数名词，前面就不用冠词，如：Sheissuchalovelygirlthateveryonelovesher.她是如此可爱的一个女孩，以至每个人都喜欢她。ItissuchaninterestingstorythatIwanttoreaditagain.这是一个如此有趣的故事以至我想再读一次。such+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that+从句，如：Heshowedsuchconcernthatpeopletookhimtobearelative.他表现得如此关心以致于人们都把他当作亲戚了。so…that、such…that、sothat、too...to的用法练习题hewas_______excitedthathecouldn'tgetsleep.thisteacheris_________kindthatwealllikehim.heran____________quicklythatweallcouldn'tcatchupwithhim.4.thisis_____________interestingabookthatweallenjoyreadingit.5.theyare__________interetingbooksthatweallenjoyreadingthem.6.hehas________manybooksthatIcan'tcountthem.7.thisis________aninterestingbookthatweallenjoyreadingit.Itdoesn'tseemverypossibletomoveamountain.移山似乎是不太可能的。EQ\o\ac(○,1)seem此处为连系动词“似乎、好像”后跟形容词作表语。Heseemsveryangry.“主语+seem+（tobe）+表语”表语对为名词或者形容词，以说明主语的特征状态。Tomseemstobeaverycleverboy.汤姆看上去是一个非常聪明的男孩。“主语+seem+不定式”次句型中，seem与不定式构成复合谓语Thechildrenseemedtobeeatingsomethingintheroom.孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西呢EQ\o\ac(○,2)“itseems+that从句”其中it作形式主语，that引导主语从句。Itseemsthatnooneknowswhathashappenedinthepark.似乎没人知道在公园里发生了什么。EQ\o\ac(○,3)“there+seemtobe+名词”，tobe可省略，seem的单复数要根据后面的名词决定。Theredoesn'tseemtobemuchhopeofourbeatingthatteam.看来我们战胜那个对没多大的希望。Butthestoryistryingtoshowusthatanythingispossibleifyouworkhard.但这个故事试图告诉我们，如果你去努力，一切皆有可能。EQ\o\ac(○,1)possible可能反义词impossiblepossible常用以下结构EQ\o\ac(○,2)itispossible（forsb）todosth.Itispossibleforthetraintobelate.火车有可能晚点EQ\o\ac(○,3)itispossible+that从句Itispossiblethatthetrainislate.火车有可能晚点EQ\o\ac(○,4)as......aspossible尽可能......ifpossible如果可能的话Butwhatcouldyougoingdoinsteadofmovingthemountains?但是不把山移开，愚公还能做什么呢？EQ\o\ac(○,1)insteadof介词短语“代替......，而不是......”insteadofdoingsth“代替做某事”Shewenttoschoolinsteadofstayingathome.EQ\o\ac(○,2)insteadof与insteadInsteadof“代替、而不是”后面跟名词、代词或者动名词instead“代替、反而”作副词，修饰整个句子，位于句首或句末Let'splaychessinsteadofwatchingTV.Ididn'thavebreakfastsoIateanappleinstead.Youhavedifferentopinionsaboutthestory,andneitherofyouarewrong.对于这个故事，你们有不同的观点，并且你们两人都是对的。EQ\o\ac(○,1)opinion与adviceopinion作可数名词“意见、看法”只对某一事物的看法、意见。advice不可数名词“建议、劝告”指提出善意或者建设性的忠告或意见。apieceofadvice一个忠告Youshouldasktheopinionofthedoctor你应当征求医生的意见。EQ\o\ac(○,2)neitherof“两者都不”作主语时谓语动词要用单数，但在口语中也可当作复数。Neitherofthecarswasdamaged.两部车都没有受损。拓展：bothof两者都eitherof两者中的任何一个both…and…“既…又…”,谓语动词一定要用复数neither…nor…“既不…也不…”,谓语动词与后一个主语保持一致，就近原则either…or…“或者…或者…”谓语动词与后一个主语保持一致，即就近原则注意：neither…nor…是both…and…的否定形式。根据汉语意思，用either/neither与either...or/neither...nor或both填空。①他们两人都不喝咖啡。______ofthemdrinkscoffee.②他不在家就在学校。Heis______athome______intheschool.③不是Lucy就是:Lily会游泳。______Lucy______Lilycanswim.④我爸爸和我妈妈都不在家。______mydad______mymumisathome.⑤Tom既不高也不矮。Tomis______tall______short.⑥他不是学生。我也不是。Heisn'tastudent.I'mnot,______.⑦这两张书桌都不是新的。______ofthetwobooksisnew.⑧他既不会打篮球，也不会踢足球。Hecan______playbasketball______playfootballThenewcoupleweresohappythattheycouldn'tstopsmilingwhentheygotmarried.这对新婚夫妇如此开心，以至于结婚时都止不住的笑。EQ\o\ac(○,1)can'tstopdoingsth.“禁不住做.......”Thechildrencouldn'tstopopeningthepresents.EQ\o\ac(○,2)getmarried“结婚”getmarriedtosb“和某人结婚”Hewantstogetmarriedtoadoctor.EQ\o\ac(○,3)Marrysb“与某人结婚/嫁给某人”Mr.Whiteisgoingtomarryanactress.Anoldmantriedtomovethemountains.一位老人试图移山。try是动词，意为“试图，设法”如：我正设法算出这道数学题。动词try还表示“试”、“尝试”，“试用”你试过种药了吗？拓展：try搭配的词组：trytodosth设法做某事；trydoingsth尝试做某事tryone’sbest尽全力；haveatry试一下。tryon试穿；tryout尝试，实验；1.我们的老师总是尝试一些新的想法。Lucy将尽力赶上其他同学。3.让我试一下。单项填空()1.Sheboughtadigitalcameraonlineshewouldsavealotoftime.sothatB.assoonasC.nomatterD.suchthat()2.Onceuponatime,anoldmantried______themountains.AnotmoveBnottomoveCmovingDtomove()3.WhenIwalkedpastthepark,Isawsomeoldpeople______ChineseTaiji.AdoBdidCdoingDaredoing()4.I'llphoneyouassoonasI______.AgettohomeBgottohomeCgethomeDgothome()5.Youcan'tcrossthestreetnow.Youhavetowait______thetrafficlightsturngreen.AwhenBafterCuntilDwhile()6.Thewriter'snewbookwill______nextmonth.AcomeinBcomeonCcomeoutDcomeinto()7.Someparentsmaketheirchildren_____choresathome.AtodoBdo