专题限时集训21-词义猜测题精编版

专题限时集训(二十一)词义猜测题A(2016·无锡第一学期期末考试)AstrangearmyofgiantsstandsaroundtheedgesofaremoteislandinthePacificOcean.Oratleastthat'showitmightappear.ThefiguresliningEasterIslandareactuallyhugestonescarvedtolooklikehulking(笨重的)humanfigures.Thestatueshave“guarded”thesecoastsforcenturies.Butnoteventheislandersaresurehowtheygotthere.Joinscientificdetectivesastheyinvestigatethishistoricalmystery.TheMysteryNearlyathousandgiantstonefiguresstandsidebysideonEasterIsland，nowapartofChile.Calledmoai(MOH－eye)bythelocals，thestatuescanweighmorethan80tons—aboutasmuchastenwhales—andsomestandastallasathree－storybuilding.Scientiststhinkislandersbegancreatingthemoaisome800yearsagotohonortheirancestors.Inland，scientistsfoundavolcaniccrater(火山口)anddugoutancienttoolsthereusedtocarvefiguresfromthevolcanicrock.Butthecraterisfarfromwheremostofthestatuesnowstand.Andscientistsknowthepeopledidn'thavewheelsoranimalstomovetherockgiants.Sohowdidthestonefigurestravelasfaras11milesfromthecratertotheisland'scoasts?Someideasareprettywild—peoplehavesuggestedthatthemoaiwalkedbythemselves，oreventhatspacealiensbeameddowntolendahand.ScientistsstruggledtoEasterIslandtofindoutthetruth.TheDetectives“Heave－ho！”cryagroupofscientistsastheypullonropestiedtoahugestatue.TheinvestigatorsareseekingcluesaboutthemoaiinoneofEasterIsland'sgreenvalleys.Wonderingiftheislanderscouldhavetransportedthestatuesuprightwithjustropeandmusclepower，theywrappedthreestrongropesaroundtheforeheadofaten－foot－tallmoaicopy.Withseveralpeoplepullingeachrope，they'reabletorockthe10，000－poundfiguresidetoside，movingitforwardwitheverytug(拖拽)．“Thestatue'sshapemakesthismovementfairlyeasy，”teamleaderCarlLiposays.Inthepast，researchershavetriedothermovingmethods.Onegrouptiedropetothetopandbaseofanactualmoaiandattemptedtodragitforwardwithtwistingmotions.Anotherteamlaidareal13－footmoaiontoagiantlogandpulledthelogforward.Alltheexperimentssharedoneresult:Theinvestigatorsgotseriouspain!TheEvidenceAlthoughvariousscientificsleuths(侦查)foundwaystomovethemoai，researchersstilldon'tagreeonwhatreallyhappened.Someofthesetechniquesmighthaveonlyworkedovershortdistancesandonflatland.Otherswouldhavedamagedthemoai.Manypeoplethinkthestatueswerelaidhorizontallyonwoodensledswhichweredraggedwithropeacrosslogtracks.“Thiswouldhavebeenthesafestwaytomovethemoai，”archaeologistJoAnneVanTilburgsays.“Itexplainswhyhardlyanyaredamaged.”Butthetruthmayneverberevealed.(Expertsareprettysure，though，thataliensweren'tinvolved.)Afterall，theislandersstoppedmakingthestatuesatleast300yearsago，laterhundredsofislanderslefttheislandorcaughtdeadlydiseasesbroughtbyexplorers.Manyofthemoai'ssecretsdisappearedwiththem.Todaytheonlyremainingwitnessestotheeventsarethemoaithemselves.Andthelipsofthesestone－facedgiantsaresealed.在智利的复活节岛的海边矗立着一排既重又高的巨型石像——摩埃石像。本文主要讲述了科学家们对摩埃石像的搬运方式的调查。虽然他们提出了种种解释，但也只能是猜测，不能令人信服。也许有关摩埃石像的真相永远不会被揭露，将一直成为未解之谜。1．Howmanypossiblewaysofmovingtherockgiantsarementionedinthepassage?A．Three. B．Four.C．Five. D．Six.B[细节理解题。根据第五段第三、四句、第六段及第八段首句可知，文章提到了将摩埃石像竖着向两边晃动、上下扭动、依靠木头移动以及用木制雪橇沿着木头轨道移动这四种移动巨型石像的方法。故选项B符合题意。]2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Themoaiwascreatedbytheislanders800yearsagotowishforgoodluck.B．Someoftherockgiantsweredamagedwhilebeingmovedtowheretheyarenow.C．Allthewitnessestothesecretsofthemoaiwereinfectedwithdeadlydiseasesanddied.D．Thestatuesweremadeofvolcanicrockswithsomehandmadetoolsbythelocals.D[细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句可知，这些雕像是由当地人使用手工制作的工具用火山石雕刻出来的。故选项D正确。]3．Theunderlinedword“horizontally”inthelastbutoneparagraphprobablymeans________．A．temporarilyonthegroundB．paralleltothegroundC．steadilyonthegroundD．verticaltothegroundB[词义猜测题。根据文章第五段的倒数第二、三句，第六段前三句以及第八段的第二、三句可知，文章介绍了将摩埃石像竖着向两边晃动、上下扭动、依靠木头移动这些移动石像的方法，而石像几乎没有受到破坏。最安全的移动方式就是将石像水平放置在木制雪橇上，然后将木制雪橇从木头轨道的一边拖拽到另一边。故选项B符合题意。horizontally意为“水平地，横向地”；parallel意为“平行的”；vertical意为“垂直的，直立的”。]4．Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A．InvestigationUnderWayB．MysteryoftheStoneGiantsC．WaysofMovingtheStoneGiantsD．TheUnrevealedTruthB[主旨大意题。综览全文可知，本文主要介绍了对智利复活节岛上的摩埃石像的搬运方式的调查。虽然科学家们提出了种种解释，但也只能是猜测，不能令人信服。也许有关摩埃石像的真相永远不会被揭露，将一直成为未解之谜。故选项B符合题意。]B(2016·山东省实验中学一模)Nailarthasbecomeaninternationalphenomenonandmanyareusingtheirfingernailstodisplaycreativityandpersonality.Socialnetworksareoverflowingwithpeopleshowingofftheirlatestandattimes，impossiblycomplicateddesigns.Theimportantquestionis“Wherediditallbeginandhowhasthecolorofyourfingernailsbecomejustasifnotmoreimportantthantheoutfityouarewearing？”Thehistoryofnailpolishandnailartdatesbackto3，000BCinChina，IndiaandEgypt.Plantswereprocessedtocreateadyethatwasusedasatypeofnailpaint，whichwasthenappliedandrepresentedsocialclassandwealth;deepcolorssuchasredwerewornbytherichandlighterpalercolorswereusedbythepoor.TheIncacivilizationevenwentasfaraspaintinganimalsontheirnailstoshowwhichtribetheybelonged.Itwasn'tuntiltheearly19thcenturythatnailpaintswasmodernizedintothenailpolishthatweseeandknowoftoday.Theboomoftheautomobileindustryintroducedawideselectionofcolorswhichweresoonadaptedtobeusedonnails，whichfurtherescalatedthenailpolishindustry'ssuccess.Today，nailpolishhasbecomeastatementofpersonalityandcreativity.Thecolorofyournailscommunicatesthesubcultureyoubelongto.Nailartispartofthefashionworld，theapplicationofgems，airbrushing，finedetailandnailextensionsmeansthattheycancompleteanylook.IpersonallylovechangingthecolorandpatternofmynailstofinishoffmyoutfitandIenjoycreatingnewdesigns.ThereisplentyofinspirationontheInternetandwiththelatestintroductioneveryonecangetaprofessionalfinishinhalfthetime!本文是一篇说明文。目前美甲在社会上非常流行，那么美甲是怎样发展起来的呢？本文对美甲的起源和发展进行了介绍。5．Inthefirstparagraph，thewritertellsusabout________．A．theoriginofnailartB．thepopularityofnailartC．thevalueofnailartD．thequestionaboutnailartB[段落大意题。根据第一段第一、二句“Nailarthasbecomeaninternational...designs.”可知，第一段中作者告诉我们现在指甲艺术在社会上十分流行。故选B。]6．Howlongdidittaketheancientnailoiltodevelopintomodernnailpolish?A．1，900years.B．3，000years.C．2，100years.D．About5，000years.D[数字计算题。根据第二段第一句和第三段第一句可知，指甲油起源于公元前三千年，在19世纪早期发展成为现代我们常见的指甲油，所以从古代指甲油发展为现代指甲油中间经过了大约五千年。故选D。]7．Theunderlinedword“escalated”inParagraph3probablymeans“________”．A．replaced B．improvedC．demonstrated D．blockedB[词义猜测题。根据画线词前“Theboomoftheautomobileindustry...usedonnails”可知，汽车工业的急速发展引进了多种颜色，这些颜色很快被应用于美甲，颜色的多样化促进了美甲业的成功。由此可以推出画线词的意思是“增进，促进”，故选B。]C(2016·乌鲁木齐诊断)ItookadeepbreathandwalkedthroughMom'sfrontdoor，myarmsfullofgroceries.Achallengelayaheadofme:cookingtheEasterSundayfeast.Me，someonewhocouldbarelyboilwater.WhatifImadeeveryonesick?Itcouldtrulybeourfamily'slastsupper.Makingtheholidaymealwasmybrother'sjob，notmine.Icouldneverfillhisshoes.PeterhaddiedinSeptemberattheageof45fromaheartattack，buthe'dbeenanaturalinthekitchenallhislife.Heplannedeverycourseindetail，fromthecrescentrollstotheDutchapplepie.Myfamilywaslostwithouthim.WewentouttodinnerforThanksgivingandorderedinpizzaforChristmas.BythetimeEasterrolledaround，though，Icouldn'tbeartheideaofanotherholidaysurroundedbytakeout(外卖食品)boxes.Peterwouldhavehatedthat.Tohim，therewasnothingmoreimportantthanamealmadewithlove.SoIconvincedMomthatweshouldcookEasterdinnertogether.Only，wewereterriblecooks.WhathadIbeenthinkingcookingforEasterdinner?I'd_bitten_off_more_than_I_could_chew.NoonecoulddothishalfaswellasPeter.Isteppedintothefamilyroom.Momwasstillatchurch，buthernewspaperwasopenedonthecoffeetable，tothesportssection，asusual.ShewasahugeNotreDamewomen'sbasketballfan，andthefeaturedstorywasaboutforwardDevereauxPeters，whowasgraduating.Ireadtheheadlineandnearlydroppedmygrocerybags，FillingPeters'Shoes.Thatafternoon，cookinginthekitchen，Ididn'tfeelsoalone.MomandIpulledtogethertheEasterfeastjustfine.Thehammayhavebeenalittledry，butitwasallmadewithlove—justlikePeterwouldhavewanted.本文是一篇记叙文。主要叙述了作者接替哥哥为家人做节日盛宴的经过。虽然作者没有哥哥做得好，但她也是和妈妈一起用爱心为家人做饭。8．WhatwouldPeterhavepreferredtodoifholidayshadcome?A．Togoouttodinner.B．Toorderinpizza.C．Toshowoffhiscookingskills.D．Tocookthefeastforhisfamily.D[细节理解题。根