2022-2023年安徽省宿州市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)

2022-2023年安徽省宿州市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.Howfarwaterdropstotheturbinesinapowerstationisknownas______.

A.theheads

B.theflowrate

C.theverticaldistance

D.theheights

2.GENETICALLYMODIFIEDFOODS

Aregeneticallymodifiedcropsanenvironmentaldreamcome-trueoradisasterinthemaking?Scientistsarelookingforanswers.

Theworldseemsincreasinglydividedintothosewhofavorgeneticallymodified(GM)foodsandthosewhofearthemAdvocatesassertthatgrowinggeneticallyalteredcropscanbekindertotheenvironmentandthateatingfoodsfromthoseplantsisperfectlysafe.And,theysaygeneticengineeringwhichcaninduceplantstogrowinpoorsoilsortoproducemorenutritiousfoodswillsoonbecomeanessentialtoolforhelpingtofeedtheworld'sburgeoningpopulation.SkepticscontendthatGMcropscouldposeuniqueriskstotheenvironmentandtohealthriskstootroublingtoacceptplacidly,Takingthatview,manyEuropeancountriesarerestrictingtheplantingandimportationofGMagriculturalproducts.Muchofthedebatehingesonperceptionsofsafety.Butwhatexactlydoesrecentscientificresearchsayaboutthehazards?Theanswers,toooftenlostinreportsonthecontroversy,areservedupinthepagesthatfollow.

TwoyearsagoinEdinburgh,Scotland,eco-vandalsstormedafield,crushingcanolaplants.LastyearinMaine,midnightraidershackeddownmorethan3000experimentalpoplartrees.AndinSunDiego,protesterssmashedsorghumandsprayedpaintovergreenhousewalls.

Thisfar-flungoutragetookaimatgeneticallymodifiedcrops.Buttheprotestsbackfired:allthedestroyedplantswereconventionallybred.Ineachcase,activistsmistookordinaryplantsforGMvarieties.

It'seasytounderstandwhy.Inaway,GMcrops—nowonsome109millionacresoffarmlandworldwide—areinvisible.Youcan'tsee,tasteortouchageneinsertedintoaplantorsenseitseffectsontheenvironment.Youcan'ttell,justbylooking,whetherpollencontainingaforeigngenecanpoisonbutterfliesorfertilizeplantsmilesaway.Thatinvisibilityispreciselywhatworriespeople.How,exactly,willGMcropsaffecttheenvironment—andwhenwillwenotice?

AdvocatesofGM,ortransgenic,cropssaytheplantswillbenefittheenvironmentbyrequitingfewertoxicpesticidesthanconventionalcrops.Butcriticsfearthepotentialrisksandwonderhowbigthebenefitsreallyare."Wehavesomanyquestionsabouttheseplants,"remarksGuentherStotzky,asoilmicrobiologistatNewYorkUniversity."There'salotwedon'tknowandneedtofindout."

AsGMcropsmultiplyinthelandscape,unprecedentednumbersofresearchershavestartedfanningintothefieldstogetthemissinginformation.Someoftheirrecentfindingsarereassuring;otherssuggestaneedforvigilance.

FewerPoisonsintheSoil?

EveryyearU.S.growersshowercropswithanestimated971millionpoundsofpesticides,mostlytokillinsects,weedsandfungi.Butpesticideresidueslingeroncropsandthesurroundingsoil,leachingintogroundwater,runningintostreamsandgettinggobbledupbywildlife.Theconstantchemicaltrickleisanoldworryforenvironmentalists.

Inthemid-1990sagribusinessesbeganadvertisingGMseedsthatpromisedtoreduceafarmer'suseoftoxicpesticides.TodaymostGMcrops-mainlysoybean,com,cottonandcanola-containgenesenablingthemtoeitherresistinsectpestsortolerateweed-killingherbicides.Theinsect-resistantvarietiesmaketheirowninsecticide,apropertymeanttoreducetheneedforchemicalsprays.Theherbicidetoleranttypessurvivewhenexposedtobroad-spectrumweedkillers,potentiallyallowingfarmerstoforgomorepoisonouschemicalsthattargetspecificweedspecies.Farmerstolimittheuseofmorehazardouspesticideswhentheycan,butGMcropsalsoholdappealbecausetheysimplifyoperations(reducingthefrequencyandcomplexityofpesticideapplications)and,insomecases,increaseyields.

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3.

Ifyouwanttohavestrongbonesyoushouldeatfood______.

4.WhydouniversitiesusuallyusetheLibraryofCongressClassificationSystem?

A.Becauseitismorepopularthanothersystems.

B.Becauseitismoremodernthanothersystems.

C.Becauseitismorespecificinarrangingsubjects.

D.Becauseitislessdifficultthanothersystems.

5.HowmanyresidentsarelivinginDancingRabbitEcovillagenow?

A.Abouthalfahundred.

B.Aboutonehundred.

C.Aboutfivehundred.

D.Aboutonethousand.

6.

Therapidriseintemperaturewillleadtoclimatechangeswhichfinallyinturnwill______inthelongrun.

7.

NancyWoods'fatherdidn'tdecidetorevealhiswife'sdiseaseuntil______.

A.hewashospitalizedforoverwork

B.hewastoooldtocareforthewife

C.hiswiferefusedtoeatanyfood

D.hiswifesetfiresintheirapartment

8.

AccordingtotheCollegeBoard,studentscanprepareforSATby______.

9.

Inthecaseofdischarge,apatientcangetdischargeinstructionsexplainingmedications,othertreatmentsand______.

10.

Whenadambreaks,thereemerges______whichiscausedbythesuddenre-leaseofahugeamountofwater.

11.FreshWaterShortage

Awatercrisisisabouttoexplode.Freshwaterisafiniteresource.Theamountoffreshwatersupplyprovidedbythehydrologicalcycledoesnotincrease.Watereverywhereontheplanetisanintegralpartoftheglobalhydrologiccycle.Precipitation(降水)originatesasevaporationfromlandandtheoceans.Soilmoistureisusedbyplants,whichreturnmoremoisturetotheatmosphere,whichthenreturnstotheEarthasrainorsnow.BarlowandClarkadd,"Unlesswedramaticallychangeourways,betweenone-halfandtwo-thirdsofhumanitywillbelivingwithseverefreshwatershortageswithinthenextquarter-century."

HumanssharetheEarthwithothercreatureswhoalsoneedwater,therefore,awatershortageisalsoacrisisforwildlife.Ofthe25-biodiversityhotspotsdesignatedbyConservationInternational,10arelocatedinwater-shortregions.

FreshWaterinMan'sLife

Seventypercentofallthefreshwaterisusedforirrigation.

?Agricultureusesthelargestamountoffreshwater(70%).

?Fortypercentoftheworldgrainharvestisproducedonirrigatedland,therefore,awatershortagewillbecomeafoodshortage.

?Countriesareimportinggrainasawaytoimportwater.Ittakes1,000tonsofwatertogrowonetonofgrain.Ontheotherhand,exportersofgrainareexportingwater.(TheU.S.annualgrainexportsof90milliontonsofgrainrepresent90billiontonsofwater,anamountthatexceedsthe67-billion-tonannualflowoftheMissouriRiver.)

?Producingonetonofgrainrequires1,000tonsofwater,butproducingonetonofbeefrequires15,000tonsofwater(andnearlythatmuchisrequiredtoproduceatonofcotton).Producingwheatorsoybeansrequiresonly2%ofthewaterrequiredbybeef.

Twentypercentoffreshwaterisusedbyindustry.

Aswaterbecomesscarce,demandforwaterincitiesandbyindustryissatisfiedbytakingwaterfromacountry'sagriculture,withimportedgrainoffsettingtheshortfall.Conservationprogramsarenotappliedtoindustry.

Tenpercentoffreshwaterisusedforresidentialpurposes.

Residentialuseaccountsfor10percentoffreshwateruseandaboutthree-fourthsoftheurbanwaterdemand.EachdayintheU.S.,morethan4.8billiongallonsofdrinkingwaterisflusheddowntoilets.

Showersaccountforabout20percentoftotalindoorwateruse.TheEPAsaysthatbyreplacingstandard4.5-gallon-per-minuteshowerheadswith2.5-gallon-per-minuteheads,whichcostlessthan$5each,afamilyoffourcansaveapproximately20,000gallonsofwaterperyear.Outdoorresidentialwaterusevariesgreatly,butonaverage,nationally,lawncareaccountsforabout32percentofthetotalresidentialoutdooruse.Otheroutdoorusesincludewashingautomobiles,maintainingswimmingpools,andcleaningsidewalksanddriveways.

SignsofStressastheDemandforFreshWater

Riversarerunningdry.

Manymajorrivers—includingtheColorado,Ganges,Indus,RioGrande,andYellow—aresoover-tappedthattheynowrundryforpartoftheyear.Freshwaterwetlandshaveshrunkbyabouthalfworldwide.In1972,theYellowRiverinChinafailedtoreachtheseaforthefirsttimeinhistory.Thatyearitfailedon15days;everyyearsince,ithasrundryforalongerperiodoftime,untilin1997,itfailedtoreachtheseaformorethanhalfayear.

Watertablesarefallingoneverycontinent.

Aquifer(蓄水池)depletionisanewproblem.WatertablesarefallingfromtheoverpumpingofgroundwaterinlargeportionsofChina,India,Iran,Mexico,theMiddleEast,NorthAfrica,SaudiArabia,andtheUnitedStates.Indiahasthehighestvolumeofannualgroundwateroverdraftofanynationintheworld.Inmostpartsofthecountry,waterminingistakingplaceat

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12.Dietandphysicalqualitieswhichpasseddownfromourparentsaffect______anaturalsubstanceintheliverblood.

13.

Duringaninterviewwithpotentialemployers,self-honoringorself-lovemayhelpajobseekertoshow______.

14.

Ifyouwanttogetofftothefightstart,youshouldtreatthereceptionistsasyourpotentialbosses.

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15.

Thepaintingprocesscanaltogetherbebrokendowninto______.

16.AccordingtoDr.Joseph,journalinghelpsunemployedpeople______.

A.haveanobjectivecommentonthemselves

B.healfromthehurtfeelingscausedbythelayoff

C.haveaninsightonthesituationofthejobmarket

D.becomeignorantofothers'opinionsonthem

17.ShouldYouJumpontheTechnologicalBandwagon(时尚)?

TechnologicalAdvancesandTheirInfluence

Withinthelast20years,wehavebeenswampedwithnewtechnologywhichhashelpedusrunourbusinessesfaster,andhopefullybetter.Recently,someofushavebeguntoquestionwhethertheonslaughtofevernewertechnologyisreallyhelpingusasmuchastheinitialimprovementsdid.Justbecauseatechnologyisnewdoesn'tnecessarilymeanthatitisbetter.Perhapswhatweshouldbeaskingis"Whattechnologycanwereallyuse?"

Weallhavesomehi-techproductsthatwe'veboughtbutdon'tuse.ManyofushaveaVCRwithsomanycomplexfunctionsthatwehavedifficultyprogrammingittorecordaprogram.Similarly,wehaveseenworkersspendanhourplayingwithacomputerprogramtoprintoutasinglemailinglabelwhichcouldhavebeenmorequicklydoneonatypewriter.

Everybusinessmaynotbeabletoaffordallofthesenewtoys.Andtheymaynotneedto.Rememberingthatinmanycasesthepushersofnewtechnologyaresimplysalespeopletryingtogetyoutopayforthetoyswhichintriguethem.Thereareseveralquestionsyoushouldaskyourselfbeforemakinganydecision:Howmucharethesetoysreallyworth?Doesthisnewtechnologymakesenseforyourbusiness?Isthistechnologyreallyworththeeffortneededtouseit?Withanynewtechnology,thereisapaybacktimewhentheincreasedefficiencygainedmayhelptopayfortheadoptionofthatnewtechnology.Whenyoufirstcomputerizedyouroffice,yougotabigboostinefficiencyforaminimalinvestment.Asthetechnologygetsevermoresophisticated,youstarttolosethatincreaseinefficiency.Theoldsayinggoesthatyouget90%ofyourincreaseinefficiencyfor10%ofyourinvestment.Theremaining90%ofyourmoneyisspenttryingtogetthatlast10%increaseinefficiency.Youhavetoanalyzeyourbusinessanddecideifyouevergetenoughincreaseinefficiencytopaybackthatlargeadditionalcost.

NewTechnologiesandTheirCost

Youneedtoanalyzethewayyoudobusinesstoseewhatyoucandotoincreaseyourefficiency.Youcan'tgetcaughtinthetrapof"WE'VEALWAYSDONEITTHISWAY!"Youwanttokeepthebest,andthrowawaythethingsthatslowyoudown.Sometimesthatdoesmeanadoptingnewtechnology.Sometimesitmeanschangingthewayyoudobusiness.Sometimesitmeanskeepingwhatyouhave.

Let'sconsiderandanalyzesomeofthenewtechnologies.

?InternetPresence

TheInternetisreceivingalotofhype(炒作)thesedays,anditsoundsasthougheverybusinessneedstohaveanInternetpresence.Developingandmaintainingawebsitetakestimeandmoney..Beforeyoumakethatinvestment,youshoulddecideifyoureallyneedanInternetpresence.Askyourselfthesequestions:AreyourpotentialclientslocatedthroughouttheUnitedStates?Doyourpotentialclientsowncomputers?AreyourpotentialclientscomputersophisticateswhosurftheWebregularly?ArethepeoplewhoAREontheInternetpartofyourpotentialclientbase?(TheprimaryusersoftheInternetatthistimetendtobeeducated,middletouppermiddleclasspeople.)

Ifyoucanansweryestoallofthesequestions,thenanInternetpresencemaymakesenseforyourbusiness.Ifyourpotentialclientsarealllocal,iftheyhavelittleornoaccesstotheInternet,thenthistechnologymaybeoneyoucanplaywith,aslongasyourecognizethattheexpenseswillnotnecessarilyincreaseyourbusiness.

?PaperlessOffice

Apaperlessofficeisoneinwhichallrecordsarekeptonlyinthecomputer.Tomanypeople,thisappearstobeagoodidea.Nopaperfilesarekept,sonotimeisspentfiling.However,timeisstillneededtoscaninformationintothecomputer,correctit,etc.Moreimportan

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18.

Worldpopulationbefore1900increasedslowly,at0.002percentperyear,or20permillioninhabitants.

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19.Themisunderstandingofawordcouldevenaffectthewayawarended.

20.

Manypeoplenowpreferthesaying"earlyripe,earlyrich"tothesaying"earlyripe,earlyrot."

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二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.听力原文：W:Wherehaveyoubeen?ItseemsthatIhaven'tseenyouforages.

M:WherehaveIbeen?Iwaswonderingthesamethingaboutyou.

Q：Whatdoesthemanwanttoknow?

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A.Whatthatthingis.

B.Howlonghewillhavetowait.

C.Wherethewomanhasbeen.

D.Wheretheyaregoing.

22.

【B3】

23.(22)

A.Hecan'tfindenoughinformationforhisresearchpaper.

B.Hecan'tsleepatnight.

C.Hecan'tfindaquietplacetostudy.

D.Hecan'tnarrowdownhisresearchtopic.

24.(29)

A.Acontrolledstudy.

B.Atrialstudy.

C.Anobservationalstudy.

D.Asuccessfulstudy.

25.听力原文：M:Nowcouldyoutellmewhatmakesyouapplyforthispost?

W:Well,thereliablereputationofyourcompanyattractsmemost.Then,Iknowyouoffergoodopportunitiesforpromotionfortherightperson.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

(14)

A.Thewomanisindifferenttothecompany'sreputation.

B.Thewomanmajorsinhumanresources.

C.Thewomanisaskingforapromotion.

D.Thewomanisapplyingforajob.

26.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：Mostpeopleknowatleastsomeoftheoldwaysofpredictingweather.Mostoftheseolderwaysdependedoncarefulobservationofthebehavior.ofanimalsandinsectsandoftheappearanceofclouds,thesun.themoonandgrowingplants.Butwearemostlycity-livingpeopleandhaveforgottentheoriginofmanyofthesewaysofforetellingweather.Weshouldnotlaughattheseexamplesofweatherwisdom,however.Sincetheyarebasedonwhatpeoplehaveseenyearafteryeartheyareoftenquiteaccurate.

Animalsarecommonlythoughttobemoresensitivetochangesintheweatherthanwehumanbeings.Oursenseshavebecomedull:wearenotsoclosetonatureandourlivesdonotdependsomuchonwarningsgivenbythesensesasanimalsdo.

Everycountryhasitsownparticularweatherwisdomconnectedwithanimals.Innortherncountries,wherewintersarehard,thebehavior.ofanimalswhichhibernateormigrateistakentoindicatewhatsortofwinteriscoming.Thesquirrelsmaybeseengatheringtheirfoodsupplyofnutsearlierthanusual;thedormousemaydigmoredeeplythanusual,themigratingbirdsmaygatherfortheirflightsouthearlierthanusual.Allthesesignswouldbeseenbythecountrymanaspredictionsofanespeciallyseverewintertocome.Accordingtosomanyexampleswecouldseeanimalsaresosensitive,andtheirsensesaremoreaccuratethanourhumanbeings.Ifwe'llfindtheextraordinaryoftheirbehaviors,sopayattentiontoit.

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A.Becausemanypeoplebelieveinoldwaysofpredictingweather.

B.Becausecitydwellershavenootherwaysofpredictingweather.

C.Becauseitisbasedonlongexperienceandobservation.

D.Becausewehavenootheroriginsofforetellingweather.

27.听力原文：W:Whenareyougoingtopackupforleaving?

M:Normallywe'llhavetocheckoutby12midday,butnow,sinceourplanewon'tgotillhalfpastfivethisafternoon,wemaystayintheroomwatchingTVandsippingcoffeetill3p.m.

Q:Wherearethespeakersnow?

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A.Inawaitinglounge.

B.Inahotelroom.

C.InaTVroom.

D.Inacoffeebar.

28.听力原文：Alotofpeoplethinkthatculturalanthropologyisjustaboutstudyingthespecialandstrangeaspectsofasociety,butanthropologistsarealsointerestedintheaspectsoflifethatseemsoordinarythatthepeopleinthesocietythinkthey'renotsignificant.Letmegiveyouanexample.IseelotsofT-shirtshereinclasstoday,butyouprobablydon'tthinkofthemasanimportantpartofyourculture,butanthropologistscouldlearnalotaboutthecultureoftheUSjustbystudyingtheT-shirt.Foronething,T-shirtsareamarkofhowcasualclothinghasbecomeinAmerica.Noonewasquitesurewheretheycamefrom,buttheT-shirtfirstbecamepopularinthiscountryasanundershirtforSellersinthe1940s.Theninthe1950s,itbecameasignofrebellionforteenagerstowearthiswhiteundershirtbyitself,notunderanything.Bythe1960sand70s,T-shirtshadbecomeacceptedaspartoftheuniform.views.Youcouldevensaythattheycametosymbolizethatgeneration'sattitudetowardsinformalityandallthings,includingdress.AnotheraspectthatanthropologistswouldfindinterestingisthatT-shirtsareusedtoexpresspersonalopinions.Lookaroundthisroom,youknowwholikeswatchingTVshows,whowentwhereonvacation,whobelongstowhatorganizationsoncampus.AlloftheseaspectsofourcultureareprintedonyourT-shirts.OK,IwanttostopforaminuteandaskyoutotrytowritedownfivedifferentconclusionsyoucouldreachaboutAmericanculturefromjusttheT-shirtsinthisclassroom.

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A.Theeffectofordinaryaspectsoflifeonanthropology.

B.Agoodsourceofinformationaboutasociety.

C.Attitudestowardcultureinthe1940's.

D.Therelationshipbetweenanthropologyandmilitary.

29.(44)

30.听力原文：Magnificent,peaceful.JusttwowordstodescribethescenicregionsofUtahintheMountainWestoftheUnitedStates.Now,ourofficeoffersfabulous,five-dayoutdoorpackagestothestatefortheadventurous.

Onthefirstdayofyourtour,visitthecapitalofhistoricSaltLakeCity,TempleSquare,hometotheworld-famousMormonTabernacleChoir,andotherlocalhistoricalsites.

Then,yourtourwilltakeyouonafour-dayadventureofalifetimetocentralandsouthernUtahwhereyouwillhikeandbackpackthroughArchesNationalPark,GoblinValley,andBryceNationalPark.You'llalsoexplorethemagicalworldofLittleWildHorseCanyon.Thisverynarrow,windingchasm,withitssteepwallsoneithersideofyou,willleaveyouinamazementknowingthatitwasformedfromrushingwateranderosionovermillionsofyears.

You'llalsohikeandscrambleuptoremoteIndianruins,studytheirhistoryalongtheway,andlearnhowtorespectandpreservethesitesandwildlifeyouencounter.Youalsolearnthebasicsinrappelling—techniquesdesignedspecificallyfortheamateurclimber.

ThepriceofyourpackageincludeslocaltransportationinUtah,one-night'slodginginafour-starhotelinSaltLakeCity,hikingandcampinggear,twomealsaday,andyourprofessionaltourguide.Transportationfromyourpointoforiginisnotincluded.Contactourofficebetween8a.m.and5:30p.m.formoreinformationandcurrentavailabilityonthiswildernesstrek,andreservationsmustbemadethirteendaysinadvance.LetusshowUtahlikenooneelsecan.

Questions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

29.WhatisthefeatureofthescenicregionsofUtah?

30.Whichactivityisincludedinafour-dayadventuretocentralandsouthernUtah?

31.Whatiscoveredinthepriceofthetour?

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A.Historicsignificance.

B.Splendorandpeacefulness.

C.Culturalappeal.

D.Beautyandcomfort.

31.(26)

A.Helovestravelmorethananythingelse.

B.Heisaveryromanticperson.

C.Heisafraidofbiggeranimals.

D.Heusedtostudyinafamousuniversity.

32.

【B11】

33.(19)

A.It'llcosthimalotofmoney.

B.Heisn'tseriousaboutgoing.

C.Otherpeoplewillpayforhisair-fareandsupplies.

D.Heisexcitedandcan'twaittogo.

34.听力原文：M:Thefronttireisflat,andtheseatneedstoberaised.

W:WhynottakeittoMr.Smith?

Q:WhatkindofworkdoesMr.Smithprobablydo?

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A.Hefixesbicycles.

B.Heraisessheep.

C.Hesellschairs.

D.He'sagardener.

35.(32)

A.Ittriesto.servedifferentreaders.

B.Ithastocoverthingsthathappeninacertainlocality.

C.Readersaredifficulttoplease.

D.Readersliketoreaddifferentnewspapers.

36.(24)

A.Sunlight.B.Location.C.Soil.D.Drainage.

37.(25)

A.Hehatestopack.

B.Hedoesn'tliketorestricthisdiet.

C.Hefeelsrushed.

D.He'sworriedabouthislecture.

38.听力原文：I'mintheplayatschoolandIhaverehearsalsMondayTuesdayandFriday.ThentheplayopensonSaturdaynightandgoesallnextweekexceptMondayandTuesday.

M:Itsoundslikeyou'regoingtobeaverybusyyoungladyforthenextfortnight.

Q:InwhicheveningsisthewomanfreebetweenMondayandOpeningNight?

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A.MondayandTuesday.

B.TuesdayandWednesday.

C.WednesdayandThursday.

D.ThursdayandFriday.

39.

【B7】

40.听力原文：W:Goodmorning.Housingoffice.HowcanIhelpyou?

M:Hi.I'mcallingaboutthenewsubsidizedlow-costhousingforgraduatestudents.

W:Areyouawarethatit'sonlyavailabletomarriedgraduatestudentsandtheirfamilies?

M:Yes.IthinkmywifeandImayqualifysinceshe'sstillingraduateschool.ButIwaswonderingwhethertherewereanyotherrequirements.

W:Well,unlessyouhavemorethanonechild,youhavetohaveacombinedannualincomethat'slessthan15,000dollars.

M:I'mworkingasapart-timeresearchassistantsothat'snoproblem.Butrightnowwe'relivingwithmywife'sparents.Doesthatmeanwe'dhavetoincludetheirincometoo?

W:Notnecessarily.Whydon'tyoustopbyourofficesoIcangiveyousomeformstofilloutandexplaineverythinginmoredetail?

M:Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.Wouldtomorrowmorningbeallright?

W:Theafternoonmightbebetter.ItcanbeprettycrazyaroundhereonaFridaymorning.

M:Allrightthen.I'lltrytomakeitintheafternoon.IsthereanyonespecialIshouldaskfor?

W:Youcanaskforme,SusanDavidson.OrmyassistantBillBrown.

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A.Tomakeanappointmenttolookatahouse.

B.Togetinformationaboutspecialhousing.

C.Toaskaboutgettingaloantobuyahouse.

D.Torenewhishousingcontract.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.Psychologistsfromaroundtheworldlookatwhetherworkingmothers'multiplerolesplaceinordinate(极度的)stressonthem.Doeshavingajobaswellasahomeandafamilyenhanceawoman'shealthorthreatenit?

Researchonthequestionissparseandcontradictory.Researchintheareahaspointedtotwocompetinghypotheses,accordingtoNancyMarshall,participantofWellesleyCollege'sCenterforResearchonWomen.One,the"scarcityhypothesis",presumespeoplehavealimitedamountoftimeandenergyandthatwomenwithcompetingdemandssufferfromoverloadandinter-roleconflict.Theother,the"enhancementhypothesis",theorizesthatthegreaterself-esteemandsocialsupportpeoplegainfrommultiplerolesoutweighthecosts.Marshall'sownresearchsupportsbothnotions.

Citingresultsfromtwostudiessherecentlyconducted,sheexplainedthathavingchildrengivesworkingwomenamentalandemotionalboostthatchildlesswomenlack.Buthavingchildrenalsoincreasesworkandfamilystrain,indirectlyincreasingdepressivesymptoms,shefound.

Thereasonmultiplerolescanbebothpositiveandnegativehastodowithtraditionalgenderroles,agreedtheexperts.Despitewomen'smovementintothepaidlaborforce,theystillhaveprimaryresponsibilityforthe"secondshift"—householdworkandchildcare.Thedebateaboutwomen'smultiplerolescouldberenderedobsoletebychangesinsocietalexpectations,manyexpertsinthefieldbelieve.

"Individualdecisionsaboutworkandfamilytakeplaceinasocialandculturalcontext,"saidGunnJohansson,PhD,professorofworkpsychologyattheUniversityofStockholm."Societysendsencouragingordiscouragingsignalsaboutanindividual'schoicesandaboutthefeasibilityofcombiningworkandfamily."

AccordingtoJohansson,thesesignalscomenotonlyintheform.ofequalemploymentopportunitylaws,butalsointhesupportsocietymakesavailabletofamilies.Aresearcherinherdepartment,forinstance,comparedtheplightofwomenmanagersinSwedenandtheformerWestGermany.Althoughthetwosocietiesarequitesimilar,theydifferinoneimportantrespect:Swedenoffershigh-qualitychildcaretoalmosteveryfamilythatrequestsit.

Preliminaryresultsfromthestudyarestriking.InSweden,mostofthewomenmanagershadatleasttwochildrenandsometimesmore;inGermany,mostweresinglewomenwithnochildren."Thesewomenwerereadingthesignalsfromtheirsociety,"Johanssonsaid.WhiletheGermanwomenrecognizedthattheyhadtoforsakefamilyforwork,theSwedishwomentookitastheirrighttocombinethetworoles.

Theargumentofthisarticleiscenteredaround______.

A.themultiplerolesawomanshouldhaveinsociety

B.thetwoopposinghypothesisesaboutworkingwomen

C.thewayworkingwomenwintheirself-esteemandsocialsupport

D.theoverloadandinter-roleconflictaworkingwomanhastoface

42.

Inordertomaintaintheflatnessofspace,itssubstanceandenergyshouldbe