云计算与大数据技术（微课版）-实验指导书 实验8-1搭建OpenStack云平台基础环境

实验1搭建OpenStack云平台基础环境一、实验目的掌握OpenStack基础环境的安装和配置方法二、实训内容.准备两个节点主机并安装好centos.配置节点主机网络，每台主机配置两块网卡.两个节点设置时间同步.安装OpenStack软件包.安装SQL数据库并进行初始配置.安装RabbitMQ消息队列并进行初始配置.安装Memcached服务和Etcd三、实训步骤.网络拓扑结构图.准备两个节点主机最低配置控制节点：1个处理器、4GB内存、5GB硬盘。计算节点：1个处理器、2GB内存、10GB硬盘。两个节点主机安装好CentOS7之后，准备OpenStack安装环境。(1)设置主机名控制节点：hostnamectlset-hostnamecontroller计算节点：hostnamectlset-hostnamecomputel(2)配置主机名信息到/etc/hosts和同步hosts文件echo-eH1controller\nl1computelH»/etc/hostsscp/etc/hostscomputel:/etc/hosts(3)禁用防火墙和selinux。systemctlstopfirewalld&&systemctldisablefirewalldsetenforce0sed-iHs/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/M/etc/selinux/config(4)控制节点登录其它主机设置ssh免密ssh-keygenssh-copy-id-i/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pubcomputelsshcomputelhostnamectlset-hostnamecomputel(5)调整时区设置。修改yum源为阿里源，因为Centos8在2021年12月31日停止提供源服务yummakecacheyuminstallchrony#控制节点controller安装配置sed-ins@A#allow.*@allow/24@''/etc/chrony.conf#修改配置sed-ins@server.^@serveriburst@H/etc/chrony.confsystemctlstartchronyd&&systemctlenablechronyd#启动服务#controller给其它节点安装配，将计算节点的/etc/chrony.conf中将NTP服务器设置为控制节点的NTP服务器sshcomputel'sed-i''s@server・*@servercontrolleriburst@H/etc/chrony.conf'sshcomputel'systemctlstartchronyd&&systemctlenablechronyd*重启NTP服务器systemctlrestartchronyd.service查看同步情况chronycsources#查看其它节点是否在对时chronycclients3.配置网络(1)停用NetworkManager服务。systemctldisableNetworkManager&&systemctlstartNetworkManagersystemctldisablenetwork&&systemctlstartnetwork(2)设置网卡。控制节点：修改第一块网卡ens33vim/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33PREFIX=24修改第二块网卡ens34PREFIX=24然后systemctlrestartnetwork计算节点：第一块网卡ens33第二块网卡ens34(3)配置主机名解析。见上(4)测试连通性。控制节点：ping-c4computelping-c4计算节点：ping-c4controllerping-c44.安装OpenStack软件包在各节点主机上分别进行操作。(1)启用OpenStack软件库。yuminstallcentos-release-openstack-train(2)升级软件包。yumupgrade(3)安装OpenStack客户端软件。yuminstallpython-openstackclient4)安装openstack-selinux软件包以自动管理OpenStack服务的安全策略。yum-yinstallopenstack-selinux5)验证安装。openstack-version.安装SQL数据库(1)安装相关的软件包。yum-yinstallmariadbmariadb-serverpython2-PyMySQL(2)编辑配置文件。如果没有crudini贝!]yuminstallcrudini(3)将MariaDB设置为开机自动启动，并启动该数据库服务。systemctlenablemariadb.service&&systemctlstartmariadb.service(4)通过运行mysql_secure_installation脚本启动安全配置向导来提高数据库的安全性。启动服务并初始化，初始化时第一个root密码为空直接回车,并设置root新密码为mysql并允许远程登录。设置mysql服务root用户密码为root的密码或者也可其他如mysql记住就好，并设置允许root远程登录。.安装消息队列服务(控制节点)(1)安装相应的软件包。yum-yinstallrabbitmq-server(2)将RabbitMQ服务设置为开机自动启动，并启动该消息队列服务。systemctlenablerabbitmq-server&&systemctlstartrabbitmq-server(3)添加一个名为“openstack”的用户账户密码为RABBIT.PASS。rabbitmqctladd_useropenstackRABBIT_PASS(4)为openstack用户配置写入和读取访问权限。rabbitmqctlset__permissionsopenstack(5)查看rabbitmq状态，并查看用户及权限rabbitmqctlstatusrabbitmqctllist_user_permissionsopenstack(6)查看rabbitmq监听端口netstat-tunlp|grep5672.安装Memcached服务(1)安装相应的软件包。yum-yinstallmemcachedpython-memcached(2)编ft/etc/sysconfig/memcached配置文件。OPTIONS=n-lcontroller”也可以：sed-ifs/AOPTIONS.^/OPTIONS=f1-1O.O.OO'/'/etc/sysconfig/memcached(3)将Memcached服务设置为开机自动启动，并启动该服务。systemctlenablememcached&&systemctlstartMemcached(4)查看memcache监听端口netstat-tunlp|grepmemcached8.安装Etcd(分布式可靠键值存储)(1)安装软件包。yum-yinstalletcd(2)编辑/etc/etcd/etcd.conf配置文件，将ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER等选项的值设置为控制节点的管理IP地址。S3.40(root)，W\21?2.,6o46130rootH?[Member]S3.40(root)#ETCD_CORS=-'ETCD_DATA_DIR=-/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd-#etcd_wal7dir=bbETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="1：2380-ETCD2LISTEN2cLIENT_URLS="http：//10.O.O.ll：2379-*ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS="5-#ETCD二MAX二WALS="5"ETCD_NAME="controller"#ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNT="100000-#ETCd[hEARTBEATINTERVAL="100"#ETCD2eLECTI0N_TIME0UT="1060"#ETCD_QUOTA_BACKEND_BYTES="O-#ETCD_MAX_REQUEST_BYTES=-1572864"#ETCD_GRPC_KEEPALIVE_MIN_TIht=-5s-#ETCD_GRPC_KEEPALIVE_INTERVAL=-2h0m0s-#ETCD_GRPC_KEEPALIVE_TIME0UT=-20s-#[Clustenng]ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="1:2380-ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENTURLS='1:2379-#ETCD_DISCOVERY="-#ETCD_DISCOVERY_FALLBACK="proxy#ETCD_DISCOVERY_PROXY=B"#ETCD_DISCOVERY_SRV="■#ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER=Bdefault=http://localhost:2380,ETC_INITAL_CLUSTER="default=