全国职称英语等级考试试题及答案-综合类(B级)

2003年职称英语考试综合类（B级）试题及答案

标签：职称英语职称英语真题职英历年真题

时间：2年前阅读：12215次

[1]试题

⑵答案

社交必备英语-免费课程每日发送

每日更新的英语单词课程（外教讲解）

第1部分：词汇选项（第广15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的

4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案•律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1Thehigh-speedtrainscanhaveamajorimpactontravelpreferences.

AforceBinfluenceCsurpriseDpower

2Canyoufollowtheplot?

AchangeBinvestigateCwriteDunderstand

3Eveninahighlymodernizedcountry,manualworkisstillneeded.

AphysicalBmentalCnaturalDhard

4Inthelattercasetheoutcomecanbeseriousindeed

AresultBjudgmentCdecisionDevent

5NormanBlarneyisanartistofdeepconvictions.

AstatementsBbeliefsCsuggestionsDclaims

6Uptonow,theworkhasbeeneasy.

ASoBSolongCSothatDSofar

7Thereportadvocatedsettingupdaytrainingcolleges.

AsupposedBexcitedCsuggestedDdiscussed

8Accordingly,anumberofothermethodshavebeenemployed

AThereforeBAfterwardsCHoweverDFurthermore

9Theoutlookfromthetopofthemountainisbreathtaking.

AviewBsightClookDpoint

10Ourlivesareintimatelyboundupwiththeirs.

AtenselyBnearlyCcarefullyDclosely

11Theunionrepresentativeputacrossherargumentveryeffectively.

AexplainedBinventedCconsideredDaccepted

12Hetalkstoughbuthasatenderheart.

AheavyBstrongCkindDwild

13Itisnousedebatingtherelativemeritsofthispolicy.

AmakingBtakingCdiscussingDexpecting

14Ourstatisticsshowthatweconsumeallthatwearecapableofproducing

AwasteBbuyCuseDsell

15Thefueltankshadacapacityof140liters.

AfunctionBabilityCpowerDvolume

第2部分：阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该

句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上

把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑

APayRiseorNot?

“UnlessIgetarise,I'11haveatalkwiththeboss,HenryManley,〃GeorgeStrong

saidtohimself.Georgelikedhisjobandhelikedthetownhelivedin,buthis

wifekepttellinghimthathispaywasnotenoughtomeettheneedsofthefamily.

ThatwaswhyhewasthinkingoftakingajobinBirmingham,anearbycityabout50

milesaway.Hehadbeenofferedajobinafactorythere,andthepaywasfarbetter.

GeorgelivedinWyeford,amedium-sizedtown.Hereallylikedtheplaceanddidn't

liketheideaofmovingsomewhereelse,butifhetookthejobinBirmingham,he

wouldhavetomovehisfamilythere.

HenryManleywasthemanagerofasmallcompanymanufacturingelectricmotors.The

companywasindeeptroublebecause,amongotherreasons,theJapanesewereselling

suchthingsatverylowprices.Asaresult,Manleyhadtocuthisownpricesand

profitsaswell.Otherwisehewouldnotgetanyordersatall.Eventhen,orders

werestillnotcominginfastenough,sothattherewasnomoneyforraises（力口工

资）forhisworkers.Somehow,hehadtostrugglealongandkeephisbestworkers

aswell.Hesighed.Justthenthephonerang.

HissecretarytoldhimthatGeorgeStrongwantedtoseehimassoonaspossible.

Manleysighedagain.Hecouldguesswhatitwasabout.GeorgeStrongwasaveryyoung

engineer.Thecompanyhadnofutureunlessitcouldattractandkeepmenlikehim.

Manleyrubbedhisforehead（前额）；hisproblemsseemedendless.

16HenryManleywasalreadydeeplyindebt.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

17ThejobthathadbeenofferedtoGeorgeStronginBirminghampaidbetter.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

18IfGeorgeStrongtookthejobinBirmingham,hewouldhavetoleavehisfamily

inWyeford.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

19HenryManley'scompanywasindeeptrouble.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

20HenryManley'scompanywasmakingenoughprofitstoraisetheworkers'wages.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

21HenryManleyhadnoideaatallwhyGeorgeStrongwantedtoseehim.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

22GeorgeStrongwasaverycreativeengineer.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23~30题，每题1分，共8分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为

第2,3,5和6段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第27'30题要求从所给的6个选项中选

择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

KeepingCutFlowers

1Whileeverybodyenjoysfreshcutflowersaroundhishouse,fewpeopleknowhow

tokeepthemforaslongaspossible.Thismaybedonebykeepinginmindafewsimple

facts.

2Animportantthingtorememberaboutcutflowersisthattheyaresensitiveto

temperature.Forexample,studieshaveshownthatcutcarnations（康乃馨）retain

theirfreshnesseighttimeslongerwhenkeptat12oCthanwhenkeptat260c.Keeping

freshlyharvestedflowersattherighttemperaturesisprobablythemostimportant

aspectofflowercare.

3Flowersarenotintendedbynaturetoliveverylong.Theirbiologicalpurpose

issimplytoattractbirdsorinsects,suchasbees,forpollination（授粉）.After

that,theyquicklydryupanddie.Theprocessbywhichflowersconsumeoxygenand

producecarbondioxide（二氧化碳），calledrespiration（呼吸），generatestheenergy

theflowerneedstogivethefloweritsshapeandcolour.Themakingofseedsalso

dependsonthisenergy.Whilealllivingthingsrespire,flowershaveahighlevel

ofrespiration.Aresultofallthisrespirationisheat,andforflowersthelevel

ofheatrelativetothemassoftheflowerisveryhigh.Respirationalsobrings

abouttheeventualdeathoftheflower.Thusthegreaterthelevelofrespiration,

thesoonertheflowerdies.

4How,then,tocontroltherateatwhichflowersdie?Bycontrollingrespiration.

Howisrespirationcontrolled?Bycontrollingtemperature.Weknowthatrespiration

producesheat,butthereverseisalsotrue.Thusbymaintaininglowtemperatures,

respirationisreducedandthecutflowerwillagemoreslowly.

5Anothervitalfactorinkeepingcutflowersisthequalityofthewaterinwhich

theyareplaced.Flowersfinditdifficultto"drink"waterthatisdirtyorotherwise

polluted.Evenwhenwaterlooksandsmellsclean,italmostcertainlycontains

harmfulsubstancesthatcanendangertheflowers.Toridthewateroftheseunwanted

substances,householdchlorinebleach(含氯漂白剂J)canbeusedinsmallquantities.

Itisrecommendedthat15dropsofchlorinebleach(at4%solution)beaddedtoeach

litreofwater.Thewaterandsolutionshouldalsobereplacedeachday.

23Paragraph2___________________

24Paragraph3___________________

25Paragraph4___________________

26Paragraph5___________________

27Afewsimplefactswillhelpyoukeepcutflowers

28Respirationplaysakeyrole

29Theagingofcutflowerscanbesloweddown

30Anotherimportantwaytoprolongthelifeofcutflowersis

第4部分：阅读理解（第3广45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每

题所给的4个选项中选择个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第一篇NewFoodsandtheNewWorld

Inthelast500years,nothingaboutpeople—nottheirclothes,ideas,or

languages-haschangedasmuchaswhattheyeat.Theoriginalchocolatedrinkwas

madefromtheseedsofthecocoatree（可可树）bySouthAmericanIndians.TheSpanish

introducedittotherestoftheworldduringthe1500's.Andalthoughitwasvery

expensive,itquicklybecamefashionable.InLondon,shopswherechocolatedrinks

wereservedbecameimportantmeetingplaces.Somestillexisttoday.

ThepotatoisalsofromtheNewWorld.Around1600,theSpanishbroughtitfromPeru

toEurope,whereitsoonwaswidelygrown.Irelandbecamesodependentonitthat

thousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedwhenthecropfailedduringthe"PotatoFamine（饥

荒）〃of1845-1846,andthousandsmorewereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandandmove

toAmerica.

TherearemanyotherfoodsthathavetraveledfromSouthAmericatotheOldWorld.

Butsomeotherswentintheoppositedirection.Brazilisnowtheworld'slargest

growerofcoffee,andcoffeeisanimportantcropinColombiaandotherSouthAmerican

countries.ButitisnativetoEthiopia,acountryinAfrica.Itwasfirstmadeinto

adrinkbyArabsduringthe1400's.

AccordingtoanArabiclegend,coffeewasdiscoveredwhenapersonnamedKaldi

noticedthathisgoatswereattractedtotheredberriesonacoffeebush.Hetried

oneandexperiencedthe〃wide-awake〃feelingthatone-thirdoftheworld's

populationnowstartsthedaywith.

31Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinghaschangedthemostinthe

last500years?

AFood

BClothing

CIdeology

DLanguage

32〃some〃inthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphrefersto

Asomecocoatrees

Bsomechocolatedrinks.

Csomeshops

DsomeSouthAmericanIndians

33ThousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedduringthe“PotatoFamine"because

Atheyweresodependentonpotatoesthattheyrefusedtoeatanythingelse

BtheywereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandandmovetoAmerica

CtheweatherconditionsinIrelandwerenotsuitableforgrowingpotatoes

Dthepotatoharvestwasbad

34Whichcountryisthelargestcoffeeproducer?

ABrazil

BColombia

CEthiopia

EEgypt

35WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue,accordingtothepassage?

A.Onethirdoftheworld，spopulationdrinkscoffee.

B.CoffeeisnativetoColombia

C.Coffeecankeeponeawake.

D.CoffeedrinkswerefirstmadebyArabs.

第二篇Teachingpoetry

Nopoemshouldeverbediscussedor"analyzed”,untilithasbeenreadaloudby

someone,teacherorstudent.Betterstill,perhaps,isthepracticeofreadingit

twice,onceatthebeginningofthediscussionandonceattheend,sothesound

ofthepoemisthelastthingonehearsofit.

Alldiscussionsofpoetryare,infact,preparationsforreadingitaloud,andthe

readingofthepoemis,finally,themosttelling“interpretation"ofit,suggesting

tone,rhythm,andmeaningallatonce.Hearingapoetreadtheworkinhisorher

ownvoice,onrecordsoronfilm,isobviouslyaspecialreward.Buteventhoseaids

toteachingcannotreplacethestudentandteacherreadingitor,bestofall,

reciting（背诵）it.

Ihavecometothink,infact,thattimespentreadingapoemaloudismuchmore

importantthan"analyzing'it,ifthereisn,ttimeforboth.Ithinkoneofourgoals

asteachersofEnglishistohavestudentslovepoetry.Poetryis〃acriticismof

life”,and〃aheightening（提升）oflife”.Itis〃anapproachtothetruthoffeeling”,

andit〃cansaveyourlife”.Italsodeservesaplaceintheteachingoflanguage

andliteraturemorecentralthanitpresentlyoccupies.

IamnotsayingthateveryEnglishteachermustteachpoetry.Thosewhodon'tlike

itshouldnotbeforcedtoputthatdislikeonanyoneelse.Butthosewhodoteach

poetrymustkeepinmindafewthingsaboutitsessentialnature,aboutitssound

aswellasitssense,andtheymustmakeroomintheclassroomforhearingpoetry

aswellasthinkingaboutit.

36Tohaveabetterunderstandingofapoem,oneshould

Adiscussitwithothers.

Banalyzeitbyoneself.

Ccopyitdowninanotebook

Dpractisereadingitaloud

37WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasafunctionofpoetry?

AExtendingyourlife.

BSavingyourlife.

CCriticizinglife.

DHeighteninglife.

38Accordingtothewriter,oneofthepurposesofteachingEnglishistogetstudents

Atounderstandlife.

Btoenjoypoetry.

Ctobecometeachers.

Dtobecomepoets

39Whatdoesthelastsentenceinthethirdparagraphimply?

AMorestressshouldbelaidontheteachingofpoetry.

BPoetryismoreimportantthananyothersubject.

COnecannotenjoylifefullywithoutanunderstandingofpoetry

DPoetryisthefoundationofalllanguageandliteraturecourses

40Thephrase"makeroom“inthelastparagraphcouldbebestreplacedby

A"buildabooth”

B〃provideequipment'".

C，zleaveacertainamountoftime”.

D'setasideenoughspace”.

第三篇〃Salty"RicePlantBoostsHarvests

Britishscientistsarebreedinganewgenerationofriceplantsthatwillbeable

togrowinsoilcontainingsaltwater.Theirworkmayenableabandonedfarmstobecome

productiveoncemore.

TimFlowersandTonyYeo,fromSussexUniversity'sSchoolofBiologicalSciences,

havespentseveralyearsresearchinghowcrops,suchasrice,couldbemadetogrow

inwaterthathasbecomesalty.

Thepairhaverecentlybegunathree-yearprogramme,fundedbytheBiotechnology

andBiologicalSciencesResearchCouncil,toestablishwhichgenesenablesome

plantstosurvivesaltyconditions.Theaimistobreedthiscapabilityintocrops,

startingwithrice.

Itisestimatedthateachyearmorethan10mhectares（公顷）ofagriculturalland

arelostbecausesaltgetsintothesoilandstunts（妨人导生长）plants.Theproblem

iscausedbyseveralfactors.Inthetropics,mangroves（红树林）thatcreateswamps

（沼泽）andtraditionallyformedbarrierstoseawaterhavebeencutdown.Inthe

Mediterranean,aseriesofdroughtshavecausedthewatertabletodrop,allowing

seawatertoseep（渗透）in.inLatinAmerica,irrigationoftencausesproblemswhen

waterisevaporated（蒸发）bytheheat,leavingsaltdepositsbehind.

Excesssaltthenenterstheplantsandpreventsthemfunctioningnormally.Heavy

concentrationsofmineralsintheplantsstopthemdrawingupthewatertheyneed

tosurvive.

Toovercometheseproblems,FlowersandYeodecidedtobreedriceplantsthattake

inverylittleslatandstorewhattheydoabsorbincellsthatdonotaffectthe

plants，growth.Theyhavestartedtobreedthesecharacteristicsintoanewrice

crop,butitwilltakeabouteightharvestsbeforetheresultingseedsareready

tobeconsideredforcommercialuse.

Oncethecharacteristicsforsurvivingsaltysoilareknown,FlowersandYeowill

trytobreedtheappropriategenesintoallmannersofcropsandplants.Landthat

hasbeenabandonedtonaturewillthenbeabletobloomagain,providingmuchneeded

foodinthepoorercountriesoftheworld.

41WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutFlowersandYeoistrue?

ATheyarestudentsatSussexUniversity.

BTheyarericebreeders.

CTheyarehusbandandwife.

DTheyarecolleaguesataninstitutionofhigherlearning.

42FlowersandYeohavestartedaprogramme

Atofindwaystopreventwaterpollution.

Btoidentifygenesthatpromotegrowthinsaltysoil.

Ctobreedriceplantsthattastesalty.

Dtofindwaystoremoveexcessivesaltfromsoil.

43WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacauseoftheproblemdiscussedin

thepassage?

ANaturalbarrierstoseawaterhavebeendestroyed.

Bthewatertablehasgonedownafterdroughts.

CSealevelhasbeencontinuouslyrising.

DEvaporationofwaterleavessaltbehind

44Theword"affect"inParagraph6couldbebestreplacedby

A“influence”

B"effect"

C"stop

D〃present”

45Theattitudeoftheauthortowardstheresearchprojectis

Apositive

Bnegative.

Csuspicious

Dindifferent.

5部分：补全短文(第46~50题，每题2分，共10分)

阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文

字，将其分别放回文章原来位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Likefinefood,goodwritingissomethingweapproachwithpleasureandenjoyfrom

thefirsttastetothelast.(46)Quitethecontrary,justasthecookhas

toundergoanintensivetraining,masteringtheskillsofhistrade,thewritermust

sitathisdeskanddevotelonghourstoachievingastyleinhiswriting,whatever

itspurpose-schoolwork,mattersofbusiness,orpurelysocial

communication.(47)

Therearestillsomeremoteplacesintheworldwhereyoumightfindsomeonetodo

yourbusinessorsocialwritingforyou,forafee.Thereareafewmangerswhoare

luckyenoughtohavetheserviceofthatrarekindofsecretarywhocantakecare

ofallsortsofletterwritingwithnomorethanaquicknotetowork

from.(48)

Wehavetowriteschoolpapers,businesspapersorhomepapers.Weareconstantly

calledontoputwordstopaper.Itwouldbedifficulttocountthenumberofsuch

words,messages,letters,andreportsputtothemailsordeliveredbyhand,but

thedailyfiguremustbeenormous.(49)Wewanttoarouseandholdthe

interestofreaders.Wewantwhateverwewritetoberead,fromfirstwordtolast,

notthrownintosome〃letters-to-be-read〃fileorintoawastepaper

basket.(50)

AButformostofus,ifthereisanywritingtobedone,wehavetodoitourselves.

BHowever,themanagersmaysometimescausethewritersalotoftrouble.

CAnygoodwriters,likegoodcooks,donotsuddenlyappearfull-blown(成熟的)

DWhatismore,everyonewhowritesexpects,oratleasthopes,thathiswriting

willberead.

EThisisthereasonwebendoureffortstowardlearningandpracticingtheskills

ofinteresting,effectivewriting.

FYoumaybesurethatthegreatertheeffort,themoreeffectivethewriting,and

themorerewarding.

第6部分：完形填空(第51~65题，每题1分，共15分)

阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项同，请根据短文的内容从4

个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

TheAmericanFamily

IntheAmericanfamilythehusbandandwifeusuallyshareimportantdecisionmaking.

Whenthechildrenare(51)enough,theytakepartaswell.Foreignersare

oftensurprisedbythepermissiveness(宽容)ofAmericanparents.Theoldrulethat

“childrenshouldbeseenandnotheard"israrely(52),andchildren

areoftenallowedtodo(53)theywishwithoutstrictcontroloftheir

parents.Thefatherseldomexpectshischildrentolistentohim(54)

question,andchildrenareencouragedtobe(55)atanearlyage.Some

peoplebelievethatAmericanparentscarrythisfreedom(56)far.

Othersthinkthatastrongfatherimagewouldnot(57)theAmerican

valuesofequalityandindependence.BecauseAmericansemphasizetheimportanceof

independence,