英语人教版高中必修一（2019新编）4.5 单元单词词组易错题精练 （单元检测）

Unit4单元单词词组易错题精练一、根据汉语意思填写单词1．Latestreportssaythatmudslides________(掩埋)theentirevillage.2．Thegovernmenthasdeclaredastateof____________（紧急）(根据汉语意思完成句子)3．Theelectricity________(供应)hadbeencutoff.4．Itwasthesecondair________(灾难)intheregioninlessthantwomonths.5．Agirlwaskilledyesterdayina________(撞车).6．Peopleweredesperatelyseeking____________(避难处)fromthegunfire.7．Thefirefighters____________(营救)fivechildrenfromtheburninghouseyesterday.8．____________(损坏)causedbythefloodisveryterrible.9．Werealizedtoolatethatwewerecaughtlikeratsina________(陷阱).10．Thereisnodoubtthatreadingbookscanhaveagood__________(影响)onthechildren.二、用单词的适当形式完成句子11．Heburied________(him)inhisdetectivestoryagain.12．Deathfinallybroughtanendtohis_________(suffer)．13．________(affect)withaseriousdisease,hewasnolongerabletospeakclearlyandheknewtherewasnohopeofrecovery.14．Thefirstpaper______(hand)inwouldbefromGroup4.15．Ifhecouldn'tfindhiswayoutoftheforest,therewouldbelittlechanceof________(survive).16．Thenumberofpeople__________werekilledorseriouslyinjuredreachedmorethan400，000.17．Don'tleavehim________(wait)outsideintherain.18．Theairwassocoldthatwecouldhardly________(breath).19．Thesnakeusuallyreachesa________(long)of100cm.20．Theyfeltitdifficult__________(finish)theworkinsuchashorttime.21．用适当的关系代词填空（1）Nowadays，wecanmovearoundtheworldandstillstayintouchwiththepeople__________wewanttoremainfriendswith．（2）Lucyismyfriend__________hasahearingproblem．（3）Lucyisasmartgirl__________ideasarealwaysinspiring．（4）Isometimeshaveproblems__________Ican’tsolve．（5）Lucyisagoodlistener__________Ienjoysharingmomentsofmylifewith．（6）Walkandtalkisperfectforanyone__________weekendsneedsomeexcitement．（7）Those________wanttogototheEnglishpartymustbeattheschoolgateby7:30pm．（8）Thefirstmuseum__________hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum．（9）Thefilm__________youarelookingforwardtoseeingwillbeontomorrow．（10）Thebuilding__________doorsaregreenisanofficebuilding．三、阅读选择Onthedaythetornadohit,therewasnosignthatthefierceweatherwasonitsway—theskywasblueandthesunhadbeenout.Thefirstwarningmyhusband,Jimmy,67,andI,65,gotcamearound9p.m.,fromsometextontheTVJimmywaswatching.Heranupstairstofindmeinourthird-floorbedroom,andwechangedthechannelfromthenationaltelevisiontoourlocalPensacola,Florida,station.Soonthetornadowasontopofus.ItwastheloudestthingIhadeverheard.Thehouseshook,andthepowerwentout.Andthewindbegantoroar(咆哮)throughthehouse,mostlikelythroughwindowsandthedoortoourgarage.Everythingwasmoving.Andthebackwallofthehousecameoffandflewintothedarknessoutside.Wehadthreeflightsofstepstogettothestoreroomdownthere,therelativesafetyofthefirstfloor.Ididn'tknowhoworifwewouldmakeitdownthesteps.Itfeltasiftherewasnofloorasthewindliftedmeoffmyfeet.Aswefinallyreachedthelastflightofsteps,ourfrontdoorblewopen.Suddenly,athree-foot-longtreebranch(树枝)flewoverourheads,missingusbyinches.BythetimeIreachedthestoreroom,thetornadohadbeenoverusforaboutaminute,Jimmypushedmedowntothestoreroomfloor,buthecouldn'tgetinsidehimselfbecauseofthewind.IheldJimmy'sarmasthetornadoblewthedooropen.Mykneeswerefullofglass,butIfeltnopain.IfIhadletgo,Jimmywouldhaveflownrightoutofthehouse.Allofasudden,Jimmyliftedoffhisfeet.Ithoughthewasgone.Andtheneverythingstopped.Helandedonhisfeet.Inthosefirstquietmoments,Icouldn'tbelieveitwasover.Ourneighborsaidthestormlastedfourminutes.Inthattime,fourofthetwelvetownhousesinourunitwerecompletelydestroyed.Luckily,noneofuswereseriouslyinjured.22．Wheredidthecouplelearnaboutthecomingfierceweather?A．Fromthedarksky.B．Fromtheradiostation.C．FromthenewsreportonTV.D．Fromthetextsentbytheirneighbors.23．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2aboutthecouple?A．Theyhadnoplacetohide.B．Theytriedtogetoutofthehouse.C．Theirgaragewasblownintopieces.D．Theirhousewasbadlydestroyed.24．WhatdoweknowaboutJimmywhentheauthorreachedthestoreroom?A．Hewasingreatdanger.B．Heflewoutofthehouse.C．Hewasseriouslyinjured.D．Hegotinsidethestoreroom.25．Whatisthebesttitleofthistext?A．ThetornadohittingFloridaB．AcouplestoppingadisasterC．ThewindroaringthroughthehouseD．Acouplekeepingalivefromadisaster四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。StrangethingsappearedbeforetheTangshanearthquakehappened.Forthreedaysthewaterinthevillagewells26．(rise)andfell.Thewellwallshaddeepcracksinthem.Asmellygascameoutofthecracks.Someanimalsincludingfish,27．(mouse)behavedstrangely.Otherstrangethingsalsohappenedinthecity,28．peoplethoughtlittleoftheseeventsandtheysleptasusual.29．(final)aterribleearthquakehitthecityofTangshanonJuly28,1976,inwhichmorethan240,000peoplediedandmany30．(injure).Manyhousesfelldownandsandfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peopleweregreatlyshocked.Alltheelectricityinthecitywascutoffandpeoplebegan31．(wonder)howlongthedisasterwouldlast.Thewholecitywascompletelydestroyedandtheworldseemedtobe32．anend.Itwasoneofthemostdestructiveearthquakesever,33．shockedthewholenation.However,thepeopleofTangshandidn’tlosehopebecause150,000soldiersweresenttohelptherescueworkers.Thesoldierstriedtheirbesttodigoutthose34．weretrapped.Theyalsobuiltsheltersforthe35．(survive).Freshwaterwastakentothecitybyeverymeans.Slowly,thecitybegantocomebacktolife.五、七选五Swimsafely!Swimmingisgreatexercise,andatriptoapoolorbeachisagoodwaytohavefunwithfriendsinsummer.36．,soit’simportanttostaysafeasyoudoit.Hereareafewthingsyoucandotoswimsafely.37．.Don’tswimunlessthereisalifeguardatwork.Ifyou’reonabeachneartheocean,thisisespecially.Insomeplacesfast-flowingwatercanmoveswimmersawaywithoutwarning.Soifasignsays“noswimming”,payattentiontoit.Becarefulwhendiving（跳入）intothewaterheadfirst.38．.Innaturalwater,don’tdiveunlessyouknowthatthewaterisdeepenough.Oryoucouldhurtyourheadonthebottom,causinginjuryordeath.Aroundwater,adultsshouldwatchchildrenatalltimestomakesuretheyaresafe.Thosewhodon’tknowhowtoswimshouldwearlifejackets.Butbythemselvestheyarenotenough,soanadultshouldalwaysbepresent.Ifyouhavetorescueachildfromdrowning（淹）,afewsecondscanmakeabigdifference.Makesureyouhaveafriendwithyouwheneveryouswim.39．,thatpersoncanmakesureyougethelp.Drinkalotwater.Thesun’sheatandthephysicalactivitymaymakeyousweat（出汗）morethanyourealize.Byfollowingthesesimplerules,youcanmakesureyourswimtimeissafeaswellasfun.40．!A．ThatwayifsomethinggoeswrongB．Nowgetoutthere,andenjoythewaterC．SwimonlyinareassetapartforswimmingD．MakesureeveryoneinyourfamilyswimwellE.ButsometimesswimmingcanalsobeverydangerousF.MostpoolshavemarkeddeependswheredivingissafeG.Manychildrenwhodrowninhomepoolswereoutofsightwithinminutes六、完形填空Sometimesitisdifficulttofindouthowtorelaxandhaveagoodtimeinsummer.Goingtoaswimmingpoolisagood41.Insummer,especiallyonhotdays,people42togotothepool.Theythinkitisthebestwayto43andspendtheirfreetime.Whenpeopleenterthepoolarea,theyareusually44andtheylookreallyhappy.Poolscan45becrowded(拥挤的),whilesometimestheycanhavealotofspaceforeveryone.Poolscansometimesbeverynoisy,whilesometimestheycanbeniceand46.Whenyouareatthepool,itisimportantforyoutotryand47yourselfrelaxed,calmandhappy.Therearesome48youcanfollowinsidethepool.Youcanswimaroundinthewater,swimbackandforthtothewalls,andswim49thewaterholdingyourbreath.Youcan50diveintothedeependofthepool,and51onthestepsofthepooltorelax.Ifyouare52,youcanjustfloatonaboogieboard(滑水板)oraraft(橡皮艇).It'sgreatfuntospendtimeswimmingandhavingagood-timeinthepool.Whenyouarehangingaroundonthe53ofthepool,therearelotsofchoicesyoucanmake,too.Someideasforrelaxingare:Youcansitonachairinacoolplacewithyourradioturnedon,listeningtomusicorstories,oryoucanbuysomejuiceand54atthestand.However,everycoinhastwosides.Swimminginapoolcanbe55.Soyoushouldtryyourbesttokeepyourselfsafe.Remember—safetyisthemostimportant.41．A．chance B．habit C．lesson D．choice42．A．need B．like C．promise D．try43．A．cooloff B．showoff C．takeoff D．gooff44．A．replying B．expressing C．moving D．smiling45．A．usually B．always C．sometimes D．often46．A．exciting B．quiet C．interesting D．surprising47．A．keep B．consider C．find D．believe48．A．movements B．differences C．ways D．advantages49．A．with B．on C．above D．under50．A．also B．never C．just D．hardly51．A．speak B．sit C．sing D．dance52．A．tired B．clever C．afraid D．brave53．A．inside B．back C．outside D．front54．A．imagine B．watch C．eat D．drink55．A．dangerous B．important C．difficult D．relaxing七、其他应用文56．众所周知，地震是一种可怕的自然灾害，往往会造成严重的人员伤亡和巨大的财产损失。那么当地震来临时，我们需要怎样做呢?请根据以下信息写一封倡议信。在教室时藏在课桌下面等待老师指示在家时藏在桌子下，不要去窗户旁边，也不要去阳台(balcony)在街上时不要站在建筑物、栅栏(fence)或墙边，也不要站在树下，要赶快到安全的露天的空地去注意：1.词数80左右；2.开头已给出，但不计入总词数；3.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Asweallknow,anearthquakeisakindofterribledisaster.Sowhatshouldwedowhenanearth-quakehappens?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________八、读后续写57．阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。AfriendofminewhosenamewasJohnSmithhadabadmemory,whichmadehimfamous.Hewassoforgetfulthathesometimesforgotwhathewastalkingaboutinthemiddleofasentence.Hiswifehadtoconstantly(经常地）remindhimabouthismeetings,hisclasses,evenhismeals!Onceheforgothehadeatenbreakfasttwice,athomeandatschool.Hiswifelikedtoremindherneighbors,“IfJohndidn’thavehisheadtiedon,hewouldforgetthattoo!”SinceSmithwasaprofessoratawell-knownuniversity,hisforgetfulnesswasoftenanembarrassmenttohim.Itwasn’tthathewasnotclever,assomecriticalpeopletendedtosay,butjustvery,veryabsent-minded.Onehotsummerday,Pro.Smithdecidedtotakehischildrentoaseasidetownaboutathree-hourtrainrideaway.Tomakethetripmoreinterestingforhisyoungchildren,hekeptthenameofthetownasecret.However,bythetimetheyarrivedatthestation,Smithforgotthenameofthetownhewasplanningtovisit.luckily,afriendofhishappenedtobeinthestation.HeofferedtotakecareofthechildrenwhileSmithhurriedbackhometofindoutwherehewasgoing.Theprofessor’swifewassurprisedtoseehimagainsosoon.“Oh,mydear,Iforgotthenameofthetown.”“What?Youforgotthename?Maybeonedayyouwillforgotmyname!NowI’llwritethenameofthattownonapieceofpaper,andyouputitinyourpocketandplease,pleasedon’tforgetwhereyouputit.”Satisfiedthatshehadsolvedtheproblem,shesentherhusbandoffagain.Tenminuteslatershewasastonishedtoseehimoutsidethehouseforthethirdtime.Paragraph1:“Whatisthematternow?”askedhiswife._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Hearingthecry,outrushedtheirneighbors,tryingtofindoutwhathadhappened.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page22页，共=sectionpages1313页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages1313页参考答案1．buried【详解】考查动词。句意：最新的报道说泥石流掩埋了整个村庄。分析句子及汉语提示“掩埋”可知，空格处填动词bury，在宾语从句中作谓语；根据句意，从句是过去时。故填buried。2．emergency【详解】考查名词。句意：政府已经宣布进入紧急状态。分析句子结构，astateof为固定短语，修饰名词，表示“……的状态”，设空处需填名词“紧急”，emergency意为“紧急”作of的宾语。故填emergency。3．supply【详解】考查名词。句意：电力供应已被切断。此处缺少名词作主语，根据汉语提示推出是supply，表示“供应”时是不可数名词，故填supply。4．disaster【详解】考查名词。句意：这是该地区不到两个月的第二次空难。根据汉语提示“灾难”，以及上文thesecondair可知此处应填名词，分析本句可知，本句为主系表结构，其中“it”为主语，“was”为系动词，空白处在主句中作表语。“intheregion”做地点状语；“inlessthantwomonths”为时间状语。故填disaster。5．crash【详解】考查名词。句意：昨天有个女孩在车祸中丧生。此处缺少名词作介词in的宾语，根据汉语提示是crash，固定短语inacrash表示“在一次撞车事故中”，故填crash。6．shelters【详解】考查名词。句意：人们拼命寻找躲避枪声的避难所。根据汉语提示可知，shelter避难所，名词，符合题意，此处表示泛指，名词需用复数。故填shelters。7．rescued【详解】考查动词时态。句意：昨天消防队员从着火的房子里救出了五个孩子。根据汉语提示可知，动词rescue“营救”，符合题意；由时间状语yesterday可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时。故填rescued。8．Damage【详解】考查名词。句意：洪水造成的损失非常可怕。空处需用名词作主语，根据汉语提示可知，damage损坏，不可数名词，作主语，符合题意；句首单词首字母需大写。故填

Damage。9．trap【详解】考查名词。句意：当我们意识到我们像老鼠一样被抓的时候已经太晚了。根据汉语提示“陷阱”，以及上文a可知，此处应填名词trap作宾语，故填trap。10．effect/influence【详解】考查名词。句意：毫无疑问读书会给孩子们带来好的影响。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用名词effect或influence，空前有不定冠词修饰，应用名词单数形式。故填effect或influence。11．himself【详解】考查反身代词。句意：他又埋头读他的侦探小说了。由提示词him以及buried……in可知，此处应填入反身代词himself，构成固定短语buryoneselfin表示“埋头于/专心致志于……”。故填himself。

12．suffering【详解】考查名词。句意：死亡最终使他的受苦终结了。设空处前为形容词性物主代词，设空处应用名词。故答案为suffering。13．Affected【详解】考查过去分词。句意：受一场重病的影响，他不能再清楚地说话，他知道没有康复的希望了。分析句子成分可知，设空处应填非谓语动词做原因状语。affect是及物动词，意为：影响，与主语he是逻辑被动关系，且该动作已经完成，故应用过去分词形式。故填Affected。14．tohand【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：第一份交上来的论文是第四组的。thefirst（序数词）…todosth“第一个做某事的……”是固定用法，中心词被序数词修饰，多用不定式作定语。故填tohand。15．survival【详解】考查名词。句意：如果他找不到走出森林的路，幸存的机会就很小了。介词of后用名词作宾语，survive是动词，名词是survival，表示“幸存”是不可数名词，故填survival。16．who/that【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：死伤人数超过了400，000人。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是定语从句，先行词是people，且在从句中作主语，故填who/that。17．waiting【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不要让他在外面雨中一直等着。“让某人一直做某事”是leavesb.doingsth.其中宾语和宾补是逻辑上的主动关系，表动作进行，用现在分词形式。故填waiting。18．breathe【详解】考查动词。句意：空气如此寒冷，我们几乎不能呼吸。设空处是结果状语从句的谓语动词，根据句意，结合空白处前的“could”可知，空白处填动词原形。故填breathe。19．length【详解】考查名词。句意：蛇通常长达100厘米。根据空白处前的冠词“a”可知，空白处填名词单数，在句中做宾语。long是形容词，名词是length，故填length。20．tofinish【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们觉得在这么短的时间里完成工作是很困难的。分析句子结构可知，句中用运用了it作形式宾语，真正宾语是后面的todo结构，又因与thework是动宾关系，应使用不定式的一般式。故填tofinish。21．that/who/whomwho/thatwhosethat/whichthat/who/whomwhosewhothatthat/whichwhose【分析】考查定语从句关系词。【详解】1.考查定语从句关系代词。句意：如今，我们可以周游世界，仍然与那些我们想要保持朋友关系的人保持联系。本句为定语从句修饰先行词people，且先行词在从句中做宾语，指人，故用关系代词that/who/whom。故填that/who/whom。2.考查定语从句关系代词。句意：露西是我一位听力有问题的朋友。本句为定语从句修饰先行词friend，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，故用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。3.考查定语从句关系代词。句意：露西是一个聪明的女孩，她的想法总是鼓舞人心的。本句为定语从句修饰先行词asmartgirl，且先行词在从句中做定语，故用关系代词whose。故填whose。4.考查定语从句关系代词。句意：我有时会遇到无法解决的问题。本句为定语从句修饰先行词problems，且先行词在从句中做宾语，指“问题”，故应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。5.考查定语从句关系代词。句意：露西是一个很好的倾听者，我喜欢和她分享我的生活。本句为定语从句修饰先行词agoodlistener，且先行词在从句中做宾语，指人，应用关系代词that/who/whom。故填that/who/whom。6.考查定语从句关系代词。句意：散步和聊天对于那些周末需要一些刺激的人来说是完美的。本句为定语从句修饰先行词anyone，且先行词在从句中做定语，故用关系代词whose。故填whose。7.考查定语从句关系代词。句意：那些想参加英语晚会的人必须在晚上7:30之前到达学校门口。本句为定语从句修饰先行词Those，先行词为those且指人时，只能用关系词who。故填who。8.考查定语从句关系代词。句意：他在中国参观的第一个博物馆是历史博物馆。本句为定语从句修饰先行词museum，先行词被序数词thefirst修饰，关系词只能用that。故填that。9.考查定语从句关系代词。句意：你期待看的那部电影明天上映。本句为定语从句修饰先行词film，且先行词在从句中做宾语，指“电影”应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。10.考查定语从句关系代词。句意：门是绿色的那栋楼是办公大楼。本句为定语从句修饰先行词building，且先行词在从句中做定语，故用关系代词whose。故填whose。22．C23．D24．A25．D【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和丈夫遭遇龙卷风的袭击，不离不弃相互扶持，最终幸运存活下来，并且都没有受伤的故事。22．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thefirstwarning...fromsometextontheTVJimmywaswatching”可知，作者和丈夫是从电视上的新闻报道中得知龙卷风的消息的，故选C。23．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Andthebackwallofthehousecameoffandflewintothedarknessoutside.(房子的后墙掉了下来，飞进了外面的黑暗中。)”可知，他们的房子损坏严重，故选D。24．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“IfIhadletgo,Jimmywouldhaveflownrightoutofthehouse.(如果我放手，Jimmy就会飞出家门。)”可知，Jimmy差点被吹飞了，因此，Jimmy处于危险之中，故选A。25．主旨大意题。根据首句“Onthedaythetornadohit,therewasnosignthatthefierceweatherwasonitsway—theskywasblueandthesunhadbeenout.(龙卷风来袭的那天，没有迹象表明恶劣的天气即将来临——天空是蓝色的，太阳已经出来了。)”及全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者和丈夫遭遇龙卷风的袭击，不离不弃相互扶持，最终幸运存活下来的故事。“一对从灾难中幸存下来的夫妇”最适合作文章标题。故选D。26．rose27．mice28．but29．Finally30．wereinjured31．towonder32．at33．which34．who35．survivors【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章描述了唐山地震发生前的迹象以及地震带来的灾害情况。26．考查时态。根据文章时态可知用一般过去时。句意：连续三天，村子里井里的水升升降降。故填rose。27．考查名词复数。空前没有限定词修饰，故应用复数形式。mouse的复数形式为mice。句意：有些动物，包括鱼，老鼠，行为怪异。故填mice。28．查连词。由语境可知上下文之间为转折关系，故用but表示转折。句意：人们很少想到这些事件，他们照常睡觉。故填but。29．查词形转换。修饰整个句子应用所给词的副词形式。句意：最终，在1976年7月28日，一场可怕的地震袭击了唐山市。故填rose。30．考查时态和语态。本文叙述的事情发生在过去，且句子主语和动词injure之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用—般过去时的被动语态。句意：超过24万人死亡，并有许多人受伤。故填wereinjured。31．考查非谓语动词。空处表示人们的心理活动，故应用动词不定式。begintodosth.意为"开始做某事"。句意：人们开始想知道灾难会持续多久。故填towonder。32．考查短语。短语atanend结束。句意：整个城市被彻底摧毁，世界似乎已经终结。故填at。33．考查定语从句。句中非限定性定语从句中用关系代词which，知道前一句话。句意：这是史上最具破坏性的地震之一，震撼了整个国家。故填which。34．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句指代先行词those，并在从句中作主语，故用who。句意：战士们竭尽全力挖出那些被困的人。故填who。35．考查词形转换。此处应用名词作介词for的宾语，再由语境可知应用复数形式。句意：他们还为幸存者建造了避难所。故填survivors。36．E37．C38．F39．A40．B【分析】本文属于说明文，游泳是一种很好的运动，不过需要注意安全，文中列举了一些安全游泳的措施。36．根据后一句soit’simportanttostaysafeasyoudoit可知，游泳的时候保证安全很重要，E选项，游泳有时候存在危险，与后一句属于因果关系，切题，故选E。37．本段主要讲述游泳的时候确保救生员在旁边，注意游泳的警示标志，因此可知本段讲述游泳的区域很重要，故C选项切题，选C。38．本段主要讲述游泳时跳水的注意事项，以及后一句Innaturalwater,don’tdiveunlessyouknowthatthewaterisdeepenough.可知，在不同环境下，跳水的注意事项，故F选项，能够安全跳水的区域，游泳池标志较深的那段，故F切题，选F。39．根据前一句Makesureyouhaveafriendwithyouwheneveryouswim.以及后一句thatpersoncanmakesureyougethelp.可知，本段主要讲述游泳的时候要有一个朋友在旁边，后一句就是阐述这样做的原因，万一出现情况，可以及时获得帮助，故A选项切题，选A。40．根据前一句Byfollowingthesesimplerules,youcanmakesureyourswimtimeissafeaswellasfun.可知，注意上述的事项，就可以确保游泳高兴又安全，这样做的话，就可以安心游泳了，B选项切题，故选B。【点睛】七选五做题步骤。先确定出题的位置；读题干，再读需要填入句子的上下句，画出关键词；读文章各段落，确定段落中心句和文章主题句；通读文章确定上下句和选项之间的逻辑关系。若空格位置设在段首，则需要：1）查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。2）锁定关键词，然后在并列、转折、因果等选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。比如小题3，本段主要讲述游泳时跳水的注意事项，以及后一句Innaturalwater,don’tdiveunlessyouknowthatthewaterisdeepenough.可知，在不同环境下，跳水的注意事项，故F选项41．D42．B43．A44．D45．C46．B47．A48．C49．D50．A51．B52．A53．C54．D55．A【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在炎热的夏季，人们都喜欢去游泳池游泳，在那里可以放松心情，玩得开心，作者也建议大家在游泳时注意安全。41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：去游泳池是个不错的选择。A.chance机会；B.habit习惯；C.lesson课程；D.choice选择。通过下文“Theythinkitisthebestway”可推知，大家认为在夏天去游泳池游泳是个不错的选择。故选D项。42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在夏天，特别是在炎热的日子，人们喜欢去游泳池。A.need需要；B.like喜欢；C.promise许诺；D.try尝试。通过上文“Goingtoaswimmingpoolisagoodchoice.”以及下文“Theythinkitisthebestway”可推知，在天气炎热的夏天，人们喜欢去游泳池。故选B项。43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们认为这是凉快下来和消磨空闲时间最好的方式。A.cooloff（使）凉快下来；B.showoff炫耀；C.takeoff起飞；D.gooff进行。通过上文“especiallyonhotdays,peopleliketogotothepool”可推知，人们经常在天气炎热的时候去游泳池，所以他们应该认为游泳是使自己变得凉快的最佳方式。故选A项。44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当人们进入泳池区时，他们通常都面带微笑，看起来真的很开心。A.replying回复；B.expressing表达；C.moving移动；D.smiling微笑。通过下文“theylookreallyhappy”可知，人们看起来都很开心，所以应该是面带微笑。故选D项。45．考查副词词义辨析。句意：游泳池有时会很拥挤，但有时每个人都有很大的空间。A.usually通常；B.always总是；C.sometimes有时；D.often经常。通过下文“whilesometimestheycanhavealotofspaceforeveryone”可推知，此处指游泳池有时很挤，有时又有很多空间。故选C项。46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：游泳池有时会很吵，有时又很好，很安静。A.exciting令人激动的；B.quiet安静的；C.interesting有趣的；D.surprising惊讶的。通过上文“Poolscansometimesbeverynoisy”可推知，此处与上文的“noisy”形成对比，应该是指游泳池有时会很吵，有时又很安静。故选B项。47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在游泳池时，重要的是要尽量让自己保持放松、平静和快乐。A.keep保持；B.consider考虑；C.find找到；D.believe相信。通过上文“itisimportant”以及下文“yourselfrelaxed,calmandhappy”可推知，此处意为你在游泳池时，重要的是要使你自己保持放松、平静和快乐。故选A项。48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这里有一些可以让你在游泳池保持放松、平静和快乐的方法。A.movements运动；B.differences差别；C.ways方式；D.advantages优势。通过下文“youcanfollowinsidethepool”可推知，此处指有一些可以学习的方法。故选C项。49．考查介词词义辨析。句意：你可以在水里游来游去，在墙壁前游来游去，屏住呼吸潜入水里。A.with和；B.on（覆盖）在……上；C.above在……上面；D.under在……下面。根据下文“holdingyourbreath”可推知，此处是指潜入水里。故选D项。50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：你也可以潜入游泳池的深处，坐在游泳池的台阶上放松。A.also也；B.never从不；C.just只是；D.hardly几乎不。通过上文“Youcanswimaroundinthewater”以及设空处前的“Youcan”可推知，此处也是提出一种可以让你在游泳池保持放松、平静和快乐的方法。故选A项。51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你也可以潜入游泳池的深处，坐在游泳池的台阶上放松。A.speak谈话；B.sit坐；C.sing唱歌；D.dance跳舞。通过下文“onthestepsofthepool”可推知，此处指的是坐在游泳池的台阶上以达到放松的目的。故选B项。52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你累了的话，你可以浮在滑水板或橡皮艇上。A.tired疲劳的；B.clever聪明的；C.afraid害怕的；D.brave勇敢的。通过下文“floatonaboogieboardoraraft”可推知，此处作者建议人们在疲劳的时候浮在滑水板或橡皮艇上。故选A项。53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你在游泳池外闲逛时，你也可以做出很多选择。A.inside内部；B.back后面；C.outside外部；D.front前面。通过上文“Therearesomewaysyoucanfollowinsidethepool.”可知上文介绍了在游泳池里的活动，从而推知，本段描述在游泳池外面的活动。故选C项。54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些放松的想法是：你可以在凉爽的地方坐在椅子上，打开收音机，听音乐或故事，或者你可以买些果汁在台子上喝。A.imagine想象；B.watch看；C.eat吃；D.drink喝。根据上文“youcanbuysomejuice”可推知，这里是指喝饮料。故选D项。55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在游泳池里游泳可能很危险。A.dangerous危险的；B.important重要的；C.difficult困难的；D.relaxing放松的。通过下文“Soyoushouldtryyourbesttokeepyourselfsafe.”可知，作者建议大家注意安全，从而推知，此处指在游泳池里游泳可能是有危险的。故选A项。56．Onepossibleversion:Asweallknow,anearthquakeisakindofterribledisaster.Sowhatshouldwedowhenanearthquakehappens?Whenanearthquakestarts,studentswhoareintheclassroomshouldgetunderthedesksimmediatelyandwaituntiltheteachertellsthenitissafetocomeout.However,forthosewhoareathome,getimmediatelyunderthetable.Don'tgoanywherenearthewindoworgooutontothebalcony.Ifyouareinthestreetwhenanearthquakehappens,donotstandnearbuildings,fencesorwallsMoveawayasquicklyaspossibleandtrytofindalargeopenplace.What'smore,standingundertreescouldalsobedangerous.【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，地震是一种可怕的自然灾害，本文要求按照所给提示写出当地震来临时，我们应该如何去做。【详解】1.词汇积累立即：atonce→immediately离开：leave→moveaway尽快：quickly→asquicklyaspossible找到空地：findaclearspace→findalargeopenplace简单句变复合句原句：What'smore,standingundertreescouldalsobedangerous.拓展句：What'smore,don’tstandundertrees，whichcouldalsobedangerous.[高分句型1]Whenanearthquakestarts,studentswhoareintheclassroomshouldgetunderthedesksimmediatelyandwait