高中英语记叙文阅读专项训练解析

高中英语记述文阅读专项训练剖析高中英语记述文阅读专项训练剖析高中英语记述文阅读专项训练剖析高中英语阅读专项解说▼要求能力1、理解语篇要旨粗心2、理解文章详细信息3、依照上下文推断生词的词义4、作出简单判断和推理5、理解文章的基本构造6、理解作者的见解、妄图和态度▼题型动向1、要旨粗心题2、细节理解题3、词义判断题4、推断题5、见解态度题●▓要旨粗心题文章要旨给出的四种形式:文首,文中,文尾,没有明确要旨,需总结.诚然作者表达主题思想的方式不同样，但命题常用的提问方式有以下几种：What’sthemainidea/subject/topicofthepassage?ThemainideaofthepassageisThepassageismainlyabout_____.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?Thebesttitleforthepassageis/mightbe____.Theauthor’smainpurposeofwritingthispassageis____.★做题要领：文章要旨平常会出现在文首,文中或文尾，因此搜寻主题句或主题段经常是做好此类题的重点。但当文中没有直接出现主题句，应付文章意思全面理解后归纳归纳要旨，但不能够太抽象即不切主题,过头其实或以偏概全。【练一练】Ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlyattractyourattention:"ColorTV,only$79.Two-daysale.Hurry."However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy,youmaydiscoverthattheadvertisedsetsaresoldout.Butthesalesmanisquicktoreassureyouthathehasanothermodel,amorereliablesetwhichis"justrightforyou."Itcosts$359.Thissalestacticiscalled"baitandswitch."Buyersarebaitedwithasalesoffer,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermorecostlyitem.Buyingitemsonsalerequirescarefulconsiderationofthemerchandise（商品）andthereasonsforthesale.Whichsentencebestexpressesthemainidea?Thecustomermustbeonhisguardwhenpurchasingitemsonsale.Colortelevisionsetswhichsellfor$79aresoldoutquickly.Manystoresusethe"baitandswitch"techniquetoattractcustomers.Anyoneplanningtobuyatelevisionsetshouldlookforasale.【练一练】Aftercompletinghiscollegestudies,LarryBirdbeganplayingprofessionalbasketballfortheHustonCeltics.HeremainedwiththeCelticsforallhisprofessionalcareer.Duringthose13years,LarryBirdwasnamedtheMostValuablePlayeroftheyearthreetimes.Hescoredmorethan21,000points,andheplayedin13ofthehighestscoringgamesinhisteam’shistory.Oncehescored60pointsinjustonegame.ThemainideaofthesecondparagraphisthatLarryBird_____.wasthenamedtheMostValuablePlayeroftheYearwasstrongandtallwasgoodatshootingbasketswastheoldestplayeroftheteam●▓细节理解题这类题目是针对文章的详细事实和细节而出,因此平常能在文章中直接或间接地找到答案.此类要求查找重要事实和细节的试题平常以以下形式提出：Whichofthefollowingstatementsis(not)trueaccordingtothepassage?Whichofthefollowingis(not)discussed/Mentionedinthepassage?Accordingtothepassage,what/where/Which/who/why/when/how?Allofthefollowingare(not)true/mentioned/discussedexcept_________.Howdoestheauthor/writerfeelabout___?【练一练】(07年高考北京卷）Lyinginthesunonarock,thecougar(美洲狮)sawJebandhisson,Tom,beforetheysawit.Jebputhisbagdownquicklyandpulledhisjacketopenwithbothhands,makinghimselflookbigtothecougar.Itworked.Thecougarhesitated,readytoattackkJeb,butreadytoforgetthewholething,too.WhydidJebpullhisjacketopenwhenhesawthecougar?A.Togetreadytofight.B.Tofrightenitaway.C.Toprotecttheboy.D.Tocooldown.【练一练】07高考天津卷)ThecityofRomehaspassedanewlawtopreventcrueltytoanimals.Allgoldfishbowlsarenolongerallowedanddogownersmustwalktheirdogs.Thiscomesafteranationallawwaspassedtogiveprisonsentencestopeoplewhodesertcatsordogs.“Thecivilizationofacitycanbemeasuredbythis.”saidMonicacarina,thecouncilor(议员）behindthenewlaw.?PeopleinRomebelievethatthecivilizationofacitycanbejudgedbyits____.A.exchangeswithothercitiesB.protectionforancientruinsC.awarenessofanimalprotectionD.recognitionofanimallover●▓词义／语义判断题这类考题常有的提问方式有以下几种：Accordingtotheauthor,theunderlinedword””means____.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthattheword””is___.★“”canbebestreplacedby___.Whatdoestheauthorprobablymeanby””?By””,theauthormeansthat___★做题要领做此类题时，应在文中找线索或信息词。依照上下文判断新词汇在特定句中的确意思依照周围熟悉的词及语义判断新单词之意，有时还需依赖构词法。【练一练】(07年高考全国卷）BorninChicagoin1902,broughtupandschooledinNebraska.the19-year-oldcollegegraduateRalphTylerbecamehookedonteachingwhileteachingasascienceteacherinSouthDakotaandchangedhismajorfrommedicinetoeducation.Thewords‘‘hookedonteaching”underlinedinParagraph2probablymean____.A.attractedtoteachingB.tiredofteachingC.satisfiedwithteachingD.unhappyaboutteaching【练一练】MostwomeninGhana——theeducatedandilliterate,theurbanandrural,theyoungandoldworktoearnanincomeinadditiontomaintainingtheirrolesashousewivesandmothers.Theirreputationforeconomicindependence,self-reliance,andhardworkiswellknownandwelldeserved(值得的).?Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“illiterateA.repeatB.reiteratedC.uneducatedD.sick

”?●▓推断题以原文内容为前提,透过现象看实质即透过文章表面文字信息推断文章隐含意思。依照作者的见解理论客观地对文中未显然说明的现象或事例赏赐合理的逻辑推断，做出必然解说。推断题的常有形式：Itcanbeinferred/concludedfromthetextthat____.Fromthetextweknowthat______.Thepassageimpliesthat______.Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablydiscusses______.解推断题的方法：解推断题最主要的方法是依照语义关系推断详细细节。【练一练】Onedayamanwalkedintoapetshopandsaidtotheshopassistant，“Ineedtwosmallmiceandaboutfivedozenroaches(蟑螂)andtwospiders.”“Whatdoyouneedthesethingsfor?”theshopassistantwasverysurprised.“Well,”repliedtheman,“I’mmovingoutofmyapartmentandthelandlordinsiststhatIshouldleavethehouseinexactlythesameconditionasIfoundit.”Thepassagesuggeststhatwhenthewritermovedintothehouse,itwas______.A.verycleanB.justcleanedbythelandlordC.tidyandcomfortableD.dirtyandfullofinsect【练一练

】(07高考全国卷）Anyonewhocaresaboutwhatschoolsandcollegesteachandhowtheirstudentslearnwillbeinterestedinthememoir(回想录)ofRalphW.Tyler,whoisoneofthemostfamousmeninAmericaneducation.?WhoaremostprobablyinterestedinRalphW.Tyler’smemoir?A.TopmanagerB.LanguagelearnersC.SeriouseducatorD.Scienceorganizations●▓见解态度题回答这类问题应从篇章的体裁下手

.

一般来说

,在说明文中作者的态度是客观的或中立的

;在讨论文中

,作者的态度才会显得多种多样

.

能够依照阐述主题或有关主题的有关语句或词语确定作者的态度。常有的态度词语有

:positive

support

approval(

同意的）

optimistic★

critical

negative

tolerant

disappointedpessimistic(

悲观的)

indifferent(

冷淡的)

doubtfulNeutral(中立的）

objective(

客观的）这类考题常有的提问方式有以下几种:What’stheauthor’s/writer’sattitudeto?Theauthorthinks/suggests/believesthat___.★Howdoestheauthorfeelabout?Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthoragree/disagreewith?Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthortowards?

’sattitude【练一练】Whyisn’tyournewspaperreportinganygoodnews?AllIreadaboutismurder,bribery(贿赂),anddeath.Frankly,Iamsickofallthisbadnews.Thisauthor’sattitudetowardsthenewspaperreportingisto_____.A.complainB.apologizeC.amuseD.doubt【练一练】AmonthafterHurricaceKatrina,IreturnedhomeinNewOrleans.Therelaymyhouse,reducedtowaist-highrains,smellyanddirty.Beforethetrip,I’dhadmycarfixed.Whentheofficeemployeeofthegaragewaswritingupthebill,shenoticedmyLouisianalicenseplate.oufromNew“YOrleans?”sheasked.IsaidIwas,“Nocharge.”Shesaid,andirmlyfshockherheadwhenIreachedformywallet.ThenextdayIwentforahaircut,andthesamethinghappened.AsmywifewasstudyinginFlorida,wedecidedtomovethereandtriedtofindarentalhousethatwecouldaffordwhilealsopayingoffamortgage（抵押贷款）onourruinedhouse.Welookedatmanyplaces,butnonewassatisfactory.We’dbegantoacceptthatwe’dhavetoliveinextremelyreducedcircumstancesforawhile,whenIgotaverycuriouse-mailfromaJamesKemmedyinCalifornia.Heread’dsomepiecesI’dwrittenaboutoursufferingsforstate,theonlinemagazineandwantedtogiveus(“noconditionsattached”)anewhouseacrossthelakefromNewOrleans.Itsoundedagoodtoherreturn,butIreplied,thinkinghimforhisexceptionalgenerosity,thenwetogoback.ThentheUniversityofFloridaofferedtolethimhousetome.WhilehewanttoEnglandonhisoneyear,paidleave.Therentwasratherreasonable.Imentionedthepoet’soffertoJamesKemdedy,andthenextdayhesentacheckcoveringourentirerentforeightmonths.Throughoutthispainfulexperience,thekindnessofstrangersbackmyfaithinhumanity.It’almostworthlosingyouwordypossessionstoberemindedthatpeoplereallywhengivenhadachannel.56．Thegarageemployee’sattitudetowardtheauthorwasthatofA．unconcernB．sympathyC．doubtD．tolerance57．WhatdoweknowaboutJamesKemnedy?A．Hewasawrittenofanonlinemagazine.B．HewasapoetattheUniversityofFloridaC．Heofferedtheauthoranewhousefreeofcharge.D．Helearnedabouttheauthor’ssufferings.58．ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatA．theauthor’sfamilywasinfinancialdifficultyB．rentswerecomparativelyreasonabledespitethedisasterC．housesweredifficulttofindinthehurricane-strickenareaD．themortgageontheruinedhousewaspaidoffbythebank59．TheauthorlearnedfromhisexperiencethatA．worldlypossessionscanbegivenupwhennecessaryB．generosityshouldbeencouragedinsomecasesC．peoplebenefitfromtheirsadstorieD．humanbeingsarekindafterall.【练一练】Thefamousdirectorofabigandexpensivemovieplannedtofilmabeautifulsunsetovertheocean,sothattheaudiencescouldseehisheroandheroineinfrontofitattheendofthefilmastheysaidgoodbyetoeachotherforever.Hesenthiscameracrewoutoneeveningtofilmthesunsetforhim.Thenextmorninghesaidtothemen,"Haveyouprovidedmewiththatsunset?""No,sir,"themenanswered.Thedirectorwasangry."Whynot?"heasked."Well,sir,"oneofthemenanswered,"we'reontheeastcoasthere,andthesunsetsinthewest.Wecangetyouasunriseoverthesea,ifnecessary,butnotasunset.""ButIwantasunset!"thedirectorshouted."Gototheairport,takethenextflighttothewestcoast,andgetone."Butthenayoungsecretaryhadanidea."Whydon'tyouphotographasunrise,"shesuggested,"andthenplayitbackwards?Thenit'lllooklikeasunset.""That'saverygoodidea!"thedirectorsaid.Thenheturnedtothecameracrewandsaid,"TomorrowmorningIwantyoutogetmeabeautifulsunriseoverthesea."Thecameracrewwentoutearlythenextmorningandfilmedabrightsunriseoverthebeachinthemiddleofabeautifulbay.Thenatnineo'clocktheytookittothedirector."Hereitis,sir,"theysaid,andgaveittohim.Hewasverypleased.Theyallwentintothestudio."Allright,"thedirectorexplained,"nowourheroandheroinearegoingtosaygoodbye.Runthefilmbackwardssothatwecanseethe'sunset'behindthem."The"sunset"began,butafteraquarterofaminute,thedirectorsuddenlyputhisfaceinhishandsandshoutedtothecameracrewtostop.Thebirdsinthefilmwereflyingbackwards,andthewavesontheseaweregoingawayfromthebeach.1.Oneevening,thedirectorsenthiscameracrewout_________.A.tofilmasceneontheseaC.towatchabeautifulsunset

B.tofindanactorandanactressD.tomeettheaudienceWhydidthedirectorwanttosendhiscrewtothewestcoast?A.Becausehechangedhismindaboutgettingasunset.B.Becausehewasangrywithhiscrew.C.Becausehewantedtogetasceneofsunset.D.Becauseitwashissecretary'ssuggestion.Thedirectorwantedtofilmasunsetovertheoceanbecause______.A.itwentwellwiththeseparationoftheheroandheroineB.whentheyarrivedatthebeachitwasalreadyintheeveningC.itwasmoremovingthanasunriseD.theoceanlookedmorebeautifulatsunsetAfterthe"sunset"began,thedirectorsuddenlyputhisfaceinhishands______.A.becausehewasmovedtotearsB.ashesaweverythinginthefilmmovingbackwardsC.asthesunrisedidnotlookasbeautifulashehadimaginedD.becausehewasdisappointedwiththeperformanceoftheheroandheroine5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Thecrewhadtofollowthesecretary'sadvice.B.Ifyouwanttoseeasunrise,theeastcoatistheplacetogo.C.Thecameracrewwasn'tabletofilmthescenethefirstday.D.Thedirectororderedhiscrewtostopfilmingthe"sunset".【练一练】Themostimportantholidayinspring,especiallyforChristians,isEaster.ThisChristianholidayisnotonthesamedateeveryyear，butit'salwaysonaSunday.ItcanbeanySundaybetweenMarch22andApril25.ManypeoplecelebrateEasterbybuyingnewclothes.Childrencelebratebyhuntingforcoloredeggsthattheirparentshavehiddenaroundthehouse.PeoplealsogiveEasterbasketsfilledwithcandyandothergoodiestooneanothertocelebratetheday.Buttheholidayismorethannewclothesandgoodthingstoeat.OnEaster,manypeoplegotochurchtocelebrateJesus'resurrection（复生）fromthedead.MostpeoplecolorEstereggs.Somepeoplehidethem.Othersjusteatthem.ButnomatterwhatonedoeswithEastereggs，theyareanimportantEastertraditionthroughouttheWesternworld.PeoplefrommanydifferentculturescelebrateEaster.InbothAmericaandBelgium,childrenlookforEastereggshiddenonlawnsandinbushes.InAmerica,childrenbelievetheeggsarehiddenbytheEasterbunny(兔子).ButinBelgium,thehiddeneggsaresupposedtohavefallenfromchurchbells.InBu