基于转矩脉动优化的电动汽车用高转矩性价比永磁辅助型同步磁阻电机研究

基于转矩脉动优化的电动汽车用高转矩性价比永磁辅助型同步磁阻电机研究摘要：电动汽车作为替代传统燃油车的新能源汽车，在环保、节能等方面具有显著优势。其中，电机作为关键元器件之一，对电动汽车的性能和续航里程有着重要影响。本文则以高转矩性价比永磁辅助型同步磁阻电机为研究对象，通过对电机结构和运行原理的分析，提出了基于转矩脉动优化的改进方案。

首先，通过对传统同步磁阻电机的研究和分析，发现其存在转矩脉动较大、低速性能差等问题。为此，本文提出一种永磁辅助型同步磁阻电机结构改进方案，在传统同步磁阻电机的基础上增加永磁励磁作用，提高永磁机磨合质量和电机效率。

其次，本文基于转矩脉动优化理论，提出一种基于电机电流曲线协调控制的转矩脉动优化方法。通过对电机的电流曲线进行协调控制，有效减小了电机在运行过程中的转矩脉动，提升了电机的驱动性能和效率。

最后，通过仿真和实验验证，验证了所提出的基于转矩脉动优化的改进方案及控制方法的有效性，证明了该方案具有一定的实用性和普适性。

关键词：电动汽车；同步磁阻电机；永磁励磁；转矩脉动优化；控制方法；仿真实验

Abstract:Electricvehicles,asnewenergyvehiclesreplacingtraditionalfuelvehicles,havesignificantadvantagesinenvironmentalprotectionandenergysaving.Amongthem,themotor,asoneofthekeycomponents,hasanimportantimpactontheperformanceandcruisingrangeofelectricvehicles.Thispapertakesthehightorque-cost-effectivepermanentmagnet-assistedsynchronousreluctancemotorastheresearchobject,andproposesanimprovementplanbasedontorquepulsationoptimizationthroughanalysisofthemotorstructureandoperatingprinciple.

Firstly,throughresearchandanalysisoftraditionalsynchronousreluctancemotor,thepaperfoundthatithasproblemssuchaslargetorquepulsationandpoorlow-speedperformance.Therefore,thispaperproposesanimprovementplanforthepermanentmagnet-assistedsynchronousreluctancemotor,whichincreasesthepermanentmagnetexcitationeffectonthebasisofthetraditionalsynchronousreluctancemotor,andimprovestherunning-inqualityandefficiencyofthepermanentmagnetmachine.

Secondly,basedonthetheoryoftorquepulsationoptimization,thispaperproposesatorquepulsationoptimizationmethodbasedoncoordinatedcontrolofmotorcurrentcurve.Bycoordinatingandcontrollingthecurrentcurveofthemotor,thetorquepulsationofthemotorduringoperationiseffectivelyreduced,andthedrivingperformanceandefficiencyofthemotorareimproved.

Finally,throughsimulationandexperimentalverification,theeffectivenessoftheproposedimprovementplanandcontrolmethodbasedontorquepulsationoptimizationisverified,andthepracticalityanduniversalityoftheplanareproved.

Keywords:electricvehicles;synchronousreluctancemotor;permanentmagnetexcitation;torquepulsationoptimization;controlmethod;simulationandexperimentalverificationElectricvehicleshavebecomeincreasinglypopularinrecentyearsduetotheirsustainableandeco-friendlynature.Asacrucialcomponentofelectricvehicles,thesynchronousreluctancemotorhasgainedmoreattentionforitsadvantagesofhighefficiency,lownoise,andlowmaintenance.

However,reducingtorquepulsationisessentialforimprovingtheoperationperformanceofthesynchronousreluctancemotor.Torquepulsationcancausevibration,noise,anddecreasetheefficiencyofthemotor,whichmayaffecttheridingcomfortanddrivingexperienceoftheelectricvehicle.

Toovercometheproblemoftorquepulsation,thisstudyproposesanimprovementplanandanoptimizedcontrolmethodbasedontorquepulsationoptimization.Theimprovementplaninvolvesoptimizingthestatorandrotorstructure,adjustingthemagnetizationdirection,andselectinganappropriatewindingscheme,whilethecontrolmethodutilizesafeedbackcontrolalgorithmtominimizethetorquepulsation.

Throughsimulationandexperimentalverification,ourproposedimprovementplanandcontrolmethodhavedemonstratedasignificantreductionintorquepulsation,therebyimprovingthedrivingperformanceandefficiencyofthemotor.Moreover,theuniversalityandpracticalityoftheplanwerealsoverified,emphasizingthepotentialapplicationofourapproachinthedevelopmentofthesynchronousreluctancemotorforelectricvehicles.

Overall,thisstudyprovidesapromisingsolutionforreducingtorquepulsationinsynchronousreluctancemotors,whichcanbenefitthedevelopmentofmoreefficientandenvironmentally-friendlyelectricvehiclesinthefutureInadditiontothefindingspresentedintheprevioussections,thereareseveralotheraspectsworthconsideringinfurtherresearchonsynchronousreluctancemotorsforelectricvehicles.

Oneofthecriticalfactorsaffectingtheperformanceofthesynchronousreluctancemotoristhedesignoftherotor.Whiletherotorgeometryusedinthisstudywasbasedonaconventionaldesign,therearevarioustypesofrotorstructures,suchasfluxbarriersorskewing,thatcaninfluencethemotor'soutputcharacteristics.Futureresearchcanexploretheimpactofdifferentrotordesignsontorquepulsationreductionandoverallmotorperformance.

Anotherimportantaspectofelectricvehiclemotordesignistheintegrationofelectroniccontrolsystems.Inthisstudy,asimplesensorlesscontrolalgorithmwasemployedtodrivethemotor;however,moreadvancedcontrolschemes,suchasfield-orientedcontrol,canprovidebettercontroloverthemotor'soperation.Additionally,incorporatingadvancedcontroltechniquessuchasadaptivecontrol,neuralnetworks,orfuzzylogiccanimprovethemotor'sperformanceandreducetorquepulsationfurther.

Theeffectsoftemperatureandthermalmanagementonsynchronousreluctancemotorperformanceshouldalsobeconsidered.Electricvehiclesoperateunderawiderangeoftemperatureconditions,whichcanimpactthemotor'soutputpowerandefficiency.Therefore,thermalanalysisandoptimizationshouldbeintegratedintothemotordesignprocesstoensurereliableandefficientoperationundervariousoperatingconditions.

Finally,itisimportanttoinvestigatethescalabilityoftheproposedapproach.Thesynchronousreluctancemotor'sperformanceisstronglydependentonitssize,withlargermotorsrequiringadifferentapproachtotorquepulsationreduction.Furthermore,electricvehiclepowertrainsystemsrequirestandardizedinterfacesbetweenmotors,powerelectronics,andbatteries.Therefore,theproposedapproachshouldbeinvestigatedoverarangeofmotorsizestoensureitspracticalityanduniversalityindifferentelectricvehicleapplications.

Insummary,thisstudyprovidesanovelapproachforreducingtorquepulsationinsynchronousreluctancemotors,whichcanbenefitthedevelopmentofmoreefficientandenvironmentally-friendlyelectricvehicles.Futureresearchshouldfurtherinvestigatetheimpactofrotordesign,advancedcontrolsystems,temperature,andscalabilityonthemotor'sperformanceandapplicabilityindifferentelectricvehicleapplicationsFurthermore,theuseofsynchronousreluctancemotorsinelectricvehiclesisnotlimitedtoonlyreducingtorquepulsations.Thesemotorshavealsobeenfoundtobehighlyefficient,cost-effective,andreliable.Theyhaveasimplestructureandrequireminimalmaintenance,makingthemapromisingoptionforelectricvehicles.Additionally,theycanoperateathighspeedsandhightemperatures,makingthemsuitableforawiderangeofapplications.

Oneofthekeyadvantagesofsynchronousreluctancemotorsistheiruniversalapplicability.Theycanbeusednotonlyinelectriccarsbutalsoinbuses,trucks,trains,boats,andaircraft.Forexample,inthefieldofaviation,synchronousreluctancemotorsarebecomingincreasinglypopularduetotheirhighpowerdensityandlowweight.Theycanhelpreduceemissions,noise,andfuelconsumption,therebycontributingtoamoresustainableaviationindustry.

Inthemarineindustry,synchronousreluctancemotorsarebeingusedinvariousapplicationssuchaspropulsion,auxiliarysystems,andenergystorage.Theyofferhightorquedensity,lownoise,andefficiency,makingthemapopularchoiceforelectricboatsandships.Furthermore,thesemotorscanoperateinharshenvironments,makingthemidealformarineapplications.

Inthefieldofpublictransportation,synchronousreluctancemotorshavebeenusedinbusesandtrains,wheretheyhaveprovedtobehighlyefficientandreliable.Theycanhelpreducemaintenancecosts,improveenergyefficiency,andenhancepassengercomfort.Inaddition,synchronousreluctancemotorscanoffersignificantbenefitsintermsofnoisereduction,whichiscriticalinurbanenvironments.

Inconclusion,synchronousreluctancemotorsofferapromisingsolutionforreducingtorquepulsationsinelectricvehicles.Theyareefficient,reliab