西安石油大学 英语4题库阅读1(0.68)A

4–22(0.68)(BBDDC)

TheLibraryofCongressisAmerica'snationallibrary.Ithasmillionsofbooksandotherobjects.Ithasnewspapers,popularpublicationsandlettersofhistoricalinterest.Italsohasmaps,photographs,artprints,movies,soundrecordingsandmusicalinstruments.Altogether,ithasmorethanone-hundred-millionobjects.

TheLibraryofCongressisopentothepublicMondaythroughSaturday,exceptforgovernmentholidays.Anyonemaygothereandreadanythinginthecollection.Butnooneispermittedtotakebooksoutofthebuilding.

TheLibraryofCongresswasestablishedin1800.ItstartedwithelevenboxesofbooksinoneroomoftheCapitolbuilding.By1814,thecollectionhadincreasedtoaboutthree-thousandbooks.TheywerealldestroyedthatyearwhentheCapitolwasburnedduringAmerica'swarwithBritain.Tohelpre-buildthelibrary,CongressboughtthebooksofPresidentThomasJefferson.MisterJefferson'scollectionincludedseven-thousandbooksinsevenlanguages.In1897,theLibrarymovedintoitsownbuilding,acrossthestreetfromtheCapitol.Today,threebuildingsholdthelibrary'scollection.

TheLibraryofCongressprovidesbooksandmaterialstotheUnitedStatesCongress.ItalsolendsbookstootherAmericanlibraries,governmentagenciesandforeignlibraries.Itbuyssomeofitsbooksandgetsothersasgifts.Italsogetsmaterialsthroughitscopyrightoffice.AnyonewhowantscopyrightprotectionforapublicationintheUnitedStatesmustsendtwocopiestothelibrary.ThismeanstheLibraryofCongressreceivesalmosteverythingthatispublishedintheUnitedStates.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whatwastheLibraryofCongressintheverybeginning?

Aprivatelibrary.

B)AreadingroomintheCapitolbuilding.

C)Aschoollibrary.

D)Alibrarywiththreebuildingstoholditscollection.

2.WhendidAmerica'swarwithBritainprobablybreakout?

A)Around1800. B)Around1814.

C)Around1897. D)Around1901.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheLibraryofCongressisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A)TheLibraryofCongresshasmorethanone-hundred-millionbooks.

B)Asotherlibraries,readerscanborrowbooksoutfromtheLibraryofCongress.

C)TheLibraryofCongressisopentothepubliconlyexceptforgovernmentholidays.

D)TheLibraryofCongresswasoncedestroyedinafire.

4.Accordingtothepassage,theLibraryofCongresscangetitsmaterialsinthefollowingwayEXCEPT________.

A)bybuyingsomeofitsbooks

B)bygettingsomebooksasgiftsfromothers

C)throughitscopyrightoffice

D)byborrowingbooksfromotheragencies

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A)TheHistoryoftheLibraryofCongress.

TheFunctionoftheLibraryofCongress.

AnIntroductiontotheLibraryofCongress.

D)TheSignificanceoftheLibraryofCongress.

4–22B(CCDAB)

TheLibraryofCongressisAmerica’snationallibrary.Ithasmillionsofbooksandotherobjects.Ithasnewspapers,popularpublicationsandlettersofhistoricalinterest.Italsohasmaps,photographs,artprints,movies,soundrecordingsandmusicalinstruments.Altogether,ithasmorethanone-hundred-millionobjects.

TheLibraryofCongressisopentothepublicMondaythroughSaturday,exceptforgovernmentholidays.Anyonemaygothereandreadanythinginthecollection.Butnooneispermittedtotakebooksoutofthebuilding.

TheLibraryofCongresswasestablishedin1800.ItstartedwithelevenboxesofbooksinoneroomoftheCapitolbuilding.By1814,thecollectionhadincreasedtoaboutthree-thousandbooks.TheywerealldestroyedthatyearwhentheCapitolwasburnedduringAmerica'swarwithBritain.Tohelpre-buildthelibrary,CongressboughtthebooksofPresidentThomasJefferson.MisterJefferson'scollectionincludedseven-thousandbooksinsevenlanguages.In1897,theLibrarymovedintoitsownbuilding,acrossthestreetfromtheCapitol.Today,threebuildingsholdthelibrary'scollection.

TheLibraryofCongressprovidesbooksandmaterialstotheUnitedStatesCongress.ItalsolendsbookstootherAmericanlibraries,governmentagenciesandforeignlibraries.Itbuyssomeofitsbooksandgetsothersasgifts.Italsogetsmaterialsthroughitscopyrightoffice.AnyonewhowantscopyrightprotectionforapublicationintheUnitedStatesmustsendtwocopiestothelibrary.ThismeanstheLibraryofCongressreceivesalmosteverythingthatispublishedintheUnitedStates.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whatwastheLibraryofCongressintheverybeginning?

A)Aprivatelibrary.

B)Aschoollibrary.

C)AreadingroomintheCapitolbuilding.

D)Alibrarywiththreebuildingstoholditscollection.

2.WhendidAmerica'swarwithBritainprobablybreakout?

A)Around1800. B)Around1897.

C)1814around D)Around1901.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheLibraryofCongressisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A)TheLibraryofCongresshasmorethanone-hundred-millionbooks.

B)Asotherlibraries,readerscanborrowbooksoutfromtheLibraryofCongress.

C)TheLibraryofCongressisopentothepubliconlyexceptforgovernmentholidays.

D)TheLibraryofCongresswasoncedestroyedinafire.

4.Accordingtothepassage,theLibraryofCongresscangetitsmaterialsinthefollowingwayEXCEPT________.

A)byborrowingbooksfromotheragencies

B)bybuyingsomeofitsbooks

C)bygettingsomebooksasgiftsfromothers

D)throughitscopyrightoffice

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A)TheHistoryoftheLibraryofCongress.

B)AnIntroductiontotheLibraryofCongress.

C)TheFunctionoftheLibraryofCongress.

D)TheSignificanceoftheLibraryofCongress.

4–9(0.71)CABBA

Peoplearefascinatedbyrobots.Someofthemlooklikemechanicaldollstoplaywith.Mostofthemlooklikeothermachinesoftoday’stechnology.

Oneoftheadvantagesofrobotsisthattheycanworkinsituationsthataredangerousorharmfulforhumanworkers.Forexample,thecontinuoussmellofpainthasaharmfuleffectonpainters,butitdoesn’tbotherarobot.Robotscanworkinnuclearpowerplantsandinundersearesearchstationsthatmightbedangerousforhumans.

Therearerobotsintheplasticsindustryandinchemicalindustryandindustrialequipmentindustries.Oneofthemostcommonusesofrobotsisinautomobilefactories.Theycandotheheavy,unpleasant,ordangerouswork.Forexample,acomputerprogrammerwritesaprogramthattellshowmuchpainttouse,howthickitmustbe,andthesizeofthecarbody.Therobotdoesnotwasteanytimeormovements.Itneverbecomesbored.Itdoesn’tneedacoffeebreak.Itlasts20to25years.

Today’srobotsaresimple-mindedcomparedwiththeonesofthefuture.Researchersarenowworkingonthesixthgeneration.Thesenewrobotswillbeabletotakeinformationfromtheenvironment.Theywillbeabletosee,usingtelevisioncameraforeyes.Theywillbeabletotouchandhear.Somecomputerscanalreadyunderstandalimitedvocabulary.Researchersaretryingtodeveloponesthatcanunderstandhumanspeech.Theywillbeabletounderstandvoicecommandsandthenrespond.

Thenewrobotswillbeabletomoveinmoreways.Theywillhaveseveralarms,eachwithseveralfingers.Therobotwillbeabletooperatethesearmsandfingersbyitself.Itwillbeabletomakecomplexdecisionsinaworkingenvironment.

1.Whichofthefollowingisanadvantageofrobotsoverhumanbeings?

A)Robotscanbeusedtoentertainpeople.

B)Humanbeingsdonotsmellharmfulpaints.

C)Robotsarenotaffectedbyharmfulsubstances.

D)Humanbeingscannotworkundersea.

2.Wherearerobotsmostwidelyusedinplaceofhumanworkers?

A)Inacarfactory. B)Inasoftwarecompany.

C)Inashoefactory. D)Inabigoffice.

3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutfuturerobots?

A)Theymaybeabletocontrolhumanbeings.

B)Theymaybeabletocommunicatewithhumanbeings.

C)Theywillbemoresimple-mindedthantoday’srobots.

D)Theywillbeabletowritecomputerprograms.

4.Whatdoesthephrase“alimitedvocabulary”(inLines5-6,Paragraph4)mean?

A)Afairlylargenumberofwords.

B)Asmallnumberofwords.

C)Muchofhumanspeech.

D)Thebasicstructureofspeech.

5.Whatcanweconcludefromthepassageaboutthenewrobots?

A)Theywillbehavemorelikehumans.

B)Theywillmovefasterthanhumans:

C)Theywillbeabletothinklikehumans.

D)Theywillbemoreintelligentthanhumans.

4–11(0.76)

IndustrialpollutionisnotonlyaproblemforthecountriesofEuropeandNorthAmerica.Itisalsoanextremelyseriousprobleminsomedevelopingcountries.Forthesecountries,economicgrowthisaveryimportantgoal.Theywanttoattractnewindustries,andsotheyputfewcontrolsonindustrieswhichcausepollution.

Cubatao,anindustrialtownof85,000peopleinBrazil,isanexampleoftheconnectionbetweenindustrialdevelopmentandpollution.In1954,Cubataohadnoindustry.Todayithasmorethantwentylargefactories,whichproducemanypollutants.Thepeopleofthetownareexposedtoalargenumberofpoisonoussubstancesintheirenvironmentandtheconsequencesofthisexposurecanbeclearlyseen.Birthdefectsareextremelycommon.Amongchildrenandadults,lungproblemsaresometimestwelvetimesmorecommoninCubataothaninotherplaces.

ItistruethatBrazil.likemanyothercountries,haslawsagainstpollution,buttheselawsarenotenforcedstrictlyenough.Itischeaperforcompaniestoignorethelawsandpaythefinesthantobuytheexpensiveequipmentthatwillreducethepollution.Itisclear,therefore,thateconomicgrowthismoreimportanttothegovernmentthanthehealthoftheworkers.However,theresponsibilitydoesnotcompletelyliewiththeBraziliangovernment.TheexampleofCubataoshowsthatinternationalcompaniesarenotactinginaresponsibleway,either.Anumberofthefactoriesinthetownareownedbylarge-companiesfromFrance,Italy,andtheU.S.TheyaredoingthingsinBrazilthattheywouldnotbeabletodoathome.Iftheycausedthesameamountofpollutionathome,theywouldbeseverelypunishedorevenputoutofbusiness.

1.Whydon’tdevelopingcountrieshavestrictpollutioncontrols?

A)Becausethenewindustriestheywanttoattractdonotcausemuchpollution.

B)Becausepollutionisnotaseriousproblemfordevelopingcountries. .

C)Becausetheyfailtorealizethatthebalanceofnaturewillbedisturbedbysomepollutants.

D)Becauseifdevelopingcountriesputstrictercontrolsonindustry,fewercompanieswouldbuildnewplantsthere.

2.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningCubatao?

A)Toshowthatindustrialdevelopmentcanprogressveryquicklyindevelopingcountries.

B)ToshowthatthepollutionprobleminBrazilisextremelyserious. .

C)Toshowthatindustrialgrowthcausespollutionproblemsfordevelopingcountries.

D)Toshowthatpollutionisthreateningthelivesofmanypeopleandthewholeeconomy'ofBrazil.

3.WhydosomeforeigncompaniesliketosetuptheirplantsinBrazil?

A)BecausetheinvestmentenvironmentinBrazilissuitableforthem:

B)BecausetheywillnotbeseverelypunishediftheycausepollutioninBrazil.

C)BecausetheycanmakeabigprofitasthelaborcostinBrazilisrelativelylow.

D)BecausetheycanactinanirresponsiblewayinBrazilbecausetherearenopollutionlawsthere.

4.Theword“enforced”(Line2,Para.3)couldbestbereplacedbywhichofthefollowing?

A)carriedout.B)drawnup.C)lookedover. D)putout.

5.WhatCanweconcludefromthepassage?

A)InBrazil,companieswhichignorepollutionslawshavetopayfines.

B)TheBraziliangovernmentpaysgreatattentiontothehealthofworkers.

C)ManyforeigncompaniesareoutofbusinessinBrazilfortheirpollution.

D)MostinternationalcompaniesactresponsiblyinBrazil.

11.DCBAA

4-l2(0.79)DBACA

Althoughmachineshavebeenaroundforalongtimeandpeoplehaveadaptedeasilytolivingwithmostofthem,theyhaven’tyetlearnedhowtogetalongwiththenewestofthese:thepersonalcomputer.Thisissobecausethewidespreaduseofthepersonalcomputerisarelativelynewphenomenon.

Therewasthewell-knowncaseofafamilymanwhobecamesoattachedtohiscomputerthathespentlonghourswithit.Ofcourse,ifhewasspendinglonghourswithhiscomputer,hewasspendinglesstimewithhisfamily.Andifhiswifeneededtoseehim,hewasunavailable.Shebecamesoupsetthatshedeclaredthatunlesshespentfewerhourswiththemachineandmorewithherandthefamily,shewasgoingtodivorcehim.Thisissuebecamesoseriousthatthecouplehadtoseekhelpfromaspecialist.Fortunately,thehusbandreducedthetimehespentwiththecomputer,andthemarriagewassaved.

Personalcomputersmaycausepeopletobecomeisolatedfromoneanothersinceworkcanbedoneathomealone.Inthiscase,theremaybenoneedforoffices,orforthatmatter,foranyothercentralgatheringplace.Universities,orevencities,wouldbecomeunnecessary.Moreover,ifwhatisnowrecordedonpaperisrecordedinthecomputerinstead,peoplewillhavenoreasontouseanypaperatall:nomoney,receipts,letters,newspapers,magazines,books,andsoon.Ifthishappens,therewillbenoneedtogotothebank,thenewsstand,thebookstore,orthelibrary.Willpeoplethenbeisolatedintheirseparatehomes—alonewiththeircomputersandtheirfamilies,apartfromfellowworkers,readers,orstudents?

1.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatthepersonalcomputer________.

A)hasbeenaroundforalongtime

B)hasbeenacceptedbyallpeople

C)isnotwidelyusedyet

D)isnotproperlyusedbysomepeople

2.Theman’swifewasupsetbecause________.

A)hedidnotwanttotalktoher

B)hewasneglectingherandthefamily

C)hewantedtodivorceher

D)shedidnothaveherowncomputer

3.Theman’swifethreatenedthatshewoulddivorcehimif________.

A)hecontinuedtospendlonghourswiththecomputer

B)hedidnotquithisjobwiththecomputercompany

C)hecontinuedtospendnotimeswithherparents

D)hedidnotgotoseethespecialistwithher

4.Themarriagewassaved________.

A)ontheadviceofthewoman’sparents

B)afterthewifetookoverthecomputer

C)withthehelpofaspecialist

D)afterthehusbandagreedtoquithisjob

5.Whatseemstobeworryingtheauthorofthispassageismainlythat________.

A)peoplemaybecomeisolatedfromoneanother

B)officesmaynolongerbenecessary

C)peoplewillnolongerreadbooksormagazines

D)manypeoplewilllosetheirjobs

4–13(0.74)13.BBDAC

Lifeisdifficult

Thisisagreattruth.Itisagreattruthbecauseoncewetrulyunderstandandacceptit,thenlifeisnolongerdifficult.

Mostpeopledonotfullyseethistruth.Instead,theycomplainabouttheirproblemsanddifficultiesasiflifeshouldbeeasy.Itseemstothemthattheirdifficultiesrepresentaspecialkindofsufferingespeciallyforceduponthemorelseupontheirfamilies,theirclass,oreventheirnation.

Lifeisaseriesofproblems.Dowewanttocomplainaboutthemorsolvethem?

Whatmakeslifedifficultisthattheprocessoffacingandsolvingproblemsisapainfulone.Problems,dependingontheirnature,causeinussadnessorlonelinessorregretorangerorfear.Theseareuncomfortablefeelings,oftenaspainfulasanykindofphysicalpain.Indeed,itisbecauseofthepainwhichwehaveexperiencedthatwecallthemproblems.Andsincelifecausesanendlessseriesofproblems,lifeisalwaysdifficultandisfullofpainaswellasjoy.

Yet,itisinthiswholeprocessofsolvingproblemsthatlifehasitsmeaning.Problemsaretheserioustestthatdistinguishesbetweensuccessandfailure.Itisonlybecauseofproblemsthatwegrowmentallyandspiritually.Whenwedesiretoencouragethegrowthofthehumanspirit,wechallengeandencouragethehumancapacitytosolveproblems,justasinschool.wesetproblemsforourchildrentosolve.Itisthroughthepainofmeetingandworkingoutproblemsthatwelearn.AsBenjaminFranklinsaid,“Thosethingsthathurt,instruct.”Itisforthisreasonthatwisepersonslearnnottofearbutactuallytowelcomethepainofproblems.

1.Whichsentencebestexpressesthecentralpointofthe.passage?

A)Problemsanddifficultiesrepresentaspecialkindofsuffering.

B)Webecomestrongermentallyandphysicallybyfacingandsolvingproblemsof-life.

C}Lifeisdifficultbecauseourproblemsbringuspain.

D)People1iketocomplainabouttheirproblems.

2.Theauthorwritesthefirstparagraphinjustoneshortsentenceinorderto________.

A)savespace B)drawreaders’attention

C)makereaderslaugh D)confusereaders

3.WhichsentencebestexpressesthemaidideaofParagraph3?

A)Mostpeoplefeellifeiseasy.

B)Lifeshouldbeeasyformostpeople.

C)Theauthorlikestocomplainabouthisproblems.

D)Mostpeoplecomplainabouthowhardtheirlivesare.

4.Accordingtothepassage,wegiveschoolchildrendifficultproblemstosolveinorderto

________.

A)challengethemtolearn

B)teachthemtoavoidthepainofsolvingproblems

C)helpthemlearntoignorepain

D)teachthemtohaverespectforauthority

5.ThequotationfromBenjaminFranklin,“Thosethingsthathurt,instruct”suggeststhat________.

A)wedonotlearnfromexperience

B)wedonotlearnwhenweareinpain

C)painteachesusimportantlesson.

D)paincannotbeavoided

4-18(0.76)DBACD

Peoplewhosleepaboutsevenhoursanightlivethelongest,threehugestudieshavefound,thenewestoutintheFebruaryissueofthejournalSLEEP.Still,manysleepexpertssaylotsofadultsgettoolittlerest,andthatcanleadtodangeroushealthproblems.InthelatestreportfromJapaneseresearchers,104,010adultswerefollowedforabout10years.Atthestart,theparticipantsansweredquestionnairesabouttheirsleeppatterns,andabouttheirhealth,mentalhealthandlifestylehabits,whichalsocanaffectsurvival.Afte