镇江中学高三下学期学期调研英语试卷

省镇中高三下学期学情调研英语试卷第一部分听力(共两节,每题1分,满分20分)第一节(共5小题,每题1分,满分5分)听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C

三个选项中选出最正确选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间往返答相关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Cleanhishands.B.Helpthewomanwiththebox.2.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Cool.B.Cold.

C.Asksomeoneelseforhelp.C.Warm.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?MakeanappointmentwithMrgrant.Givehimamorningcall.Ringaguestforhim.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.InahospitalB.Inarestaurant5.Whydidn’tthemantakethebus?A.Hethoughtitwouldtaketoolong.B.Thebusesweretoocrowded.C.Hemissedthebus.

C.Inahotel第二节(共15小题;每题1分,满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的试卷的相应地点。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每题时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话,回答第6至7题。6.Whendoesthewomanmakethebooking?A.OnOctober18thB.OnOctober20th7.Howmuchshouldthewomanpay?A.$130B.$260

A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项,并标在5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答C.OnOctober23rdC.$390听下面一段对话,回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heistoobusytohavearest.B.Hedoesn'tknowhowtogetonwithaworkmate.C.HequarreledwithJaneaboutsomeimportantmessages.Whatisthewomanprobablygoingtodo?HaveachatwithJane.Havelunchwiththemar.Discusssomeplanswiththeman.Whatdoesthewomanthinkthemanshoulddo?Tellhertheproblemearlier.Havearestforafewweeks.Paymoreattentiontohiswork.听下面一段对话,回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthemandoing?A.SeeingafilmB.ReadinganarticleC.Downloadingafilm12.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthefilm?sanarticleA.ItisfunnyB.ItismeaningfulC.ItisterribleWhatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Themanthinkspeoplecanmakecontactwithlifeformsfromotherplanetsoneday.B.Thewomaniscuriousaboutlifeformsfromotherplanet.C.Thewomanisinterestedinsciencefictionfilms.听下面一段对话,回答第14至16题。14.Whydoesthewomancometotheman?A.ToaskforadviceB.Tobookahotel15.Howmuchshouldthewomanpay?A.￡92B.￡10016.Whenwillthetripstart?A.OnTuesdayB.OnWednesday听下面一段独白,回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeaker'sreviewlike?A.It'simpractical.B.It'shelpful.18.Whywasthespeakerlatefortheexam?

C.TomakearequestC.￡160C.OnThursdayC.It'swellplanned.A.Hegotuplate.B.Hesleptenhiswaytotheexamcenter.C.Heforgotthetime.19.Whatmakesthespeaker/fervourduringtheexam?A.ThetimingB.ThedifficultquestionsC.Theteacher20.Whatdoesthespeakerusuallydoaftercomingoutoftheexamroom?A.Hetalkswithothers.B.Hethinksabouthisanswers.C.Hegoesbackhomedirectly.第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分35分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每题1分,满分15分)请阅读下面各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最正确选项。21.Somepeoplewouldnotbehappywithalifewithoutlove,andthatmightbetheyarenotabletostayaliveinaworldwithoutemotion.A.thatB.howC.whyD.when22.Thehour-longprogrammewillbeupdatedeachweekandhighlightsfromrecentsoccergameA.strengthenB.featureC.compareD.expose23.－Jack,didyouknowwhichcompanythatgirlstandingatthedoorworkedfor?－NeverherbeforeandsoIhadnoideaatall.A.IsawB.IhaveseenC.didIseeD.hadIseen24.Throughoutourlife,sometimeswe'dbetterstopthinkingtoomuchandjustgoourheartstakeus.A.whereB.whileC.unlessD.because25.It'sreportedthatthewould-bethieflikeashotwhenhesawthesecurityguardapproaching.A.madeupB.madeoutC.madeforD.madeofftoappearinWednesday'sissueoftheJournal,thereportaboutintelligentdrivingbuseswaspresentedTuesdayatthescientificmeetinghere.A.ScheduledB.SchedulingC.TobescheduledD.Havingscheduled27.Youdonotneedtoreserveahotelinadvance,unlessyouknowthatthetowntheLanternfestivalA.willobserveB.isobservingC.willbeobservingD.haveobserved28.Theauthor'sattitudestowardsfuture,isindicatedinthebeginningofthesecondparagraph,isoneofreluctantacceptance.A.whichB.whenC.asD.what29.Astudyhassuggestedthattheforsuccessistokeepahealthybalancebetweenwork,familylifeandsocializingwithyourfriends.A.recordB.recipeC.receiptD.reward30.Environmentaltoolsoftransportationlikebicycle,aremoreimportantthananytimebeforesituationaboutclimatechange.A.inspiteofB.inviewofC.incourseofD.ineaseof31.FromherknowledgeofDouglas'shabits,shefeelssurethattheattackerhavebeenDouglas.A.can'tB.mustnt’C.shouldn’tD.maynot

suchserious－Thesteaksoundsgood,butit'shardtopassupthefriedchicken..I’llhavethesteak.A.ItdependsB.SuityourselfC.IbegtodifferD.Younameit33.Hemadesuchagreatcontributiontotheprotectionoftheoldtownthatdestroyedbythefire.A.shouldotherwisehavebeenB.wouldotherwisehavebeenC.mustotherwisehavebeenD.wouldotherwisebe34.Thestareandthelookofterrorhaveneverdisappearedfromtheboy'seyessincetheaccident.A.validB.visibleC.vividD.vacant35.－Idon'tknowhowJohncanputupwithhisson,whofoolsaroundwithoutworking.－He'soutofJohnshands.Nothinghecandoaboutsuch.A.abackseatdriveB.ablacksheepC.achickenguyD.awetblanket第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每题1分,满分20分请仔细阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最正确选项,并在答题纸大将该项涂黑。Ifyoustudiedpicturesthatancientpeopleleftonrockwallsandyoutriedtodeterminetheirmeaning,youwouldnotdetectinterestinromanceamongtheartists.36youwouldseeplentyofanimalswithpeoplerunningafterthem.Lifeforancientpeopleseemedtocenternhuntingandgatheringwildfoodsformeals.Inmoderntimes,whenfoodisavailableingrocerystores,findingloveismore37topeople'slives.The38isallaroundus.Itiseasytopreparealistofmodernstorieshavingtodowithlove.Anendlessnumberofbooksandmovies39aslovestoriesinpopularculture.Researchersarestudyingwhetherlove,ahighlyvaluedemotionalstate,canbe40.Theyask,whatislove?Toothpastecompanieswantustothink41isallaboutcleanteeth,butcleanteethgoonlysofar.Scientistswonderhowmuchthebraingetsinvolved.Youhaveprobablyheardthatoppositesattractbutthat42attract,too.Onethingiscertain:Thetruthaboutloveisnotyetsetinstone.FirstImpressionTohelpdeterminethe43ofattraction,researcherspaired164collegeclassmatesandhadthemtalkfor3,6or10minutessotheycouldgetasenseofeachothersindividuality.Thenstudentswereasked44whatkindofrelationshiptheywerelikelytobuildwiththeirpartners.Afternineweeks,theyreportedwhathappened.Asitturnedout,their45judgementsoftenheldtrue.Studentsseemedto46atanearlystagewhowouldbestfitintotheirlives.The47KnowsScientistshavealsoturnedtononhumanstoincreaseunderstandingofattraction.Manyanimalsgiveoffpheromones-naturalchemicalsthatcanbedetectedby,andthencanproducearesponsein,otheranimalsofthesamespecies.Pheromonescan48thatananimaliseitherreadytofightorisfeeling49topartnerships.Incontrast,humansdonotseemtobeas50asotheranimalsatdetectingsuchchemicals.Smell,however,doesseemtoplayapartinhumanattraction.Althoughwemaynotbeawareofchemicalslikepheromonesconsciously,wegiveandreceiveloadsofinformationthroughsmellinevery51withotherpeople.FaceValueBeingfondofsomeaneseemstohaveanumberoffactors,includingseeingsomethingwefindattractive.Researchershadpeoplejudgefacesfor52.Theparticipantshad0.013secondstovieweachface,yetsomehowtheygenerallyconsideredtheimagesthesameaspeoplewhohadmoretimetostudythesamefaces.Thewaywe53attractivenessseemtobesomewhat54.Whenshownanattractivefaceandthenwordswithgoodorbadassociations,peoplerespondedto55wordsfasterafterviewinganattractiveface.Seeingsomethingattractiveseemstocausehappythinking.B.ThereforeC.OtherwiseD.InsteadB.centralC.stressfulD.artificialB.possibilityC.priorityD.principle39.A.gatherB.publishC.pileD.qualityB.impressedC.createdD.changedB.attentionC.focusD.ambitionB.similaritiesC.positionD.virtuesB.presentsC.imagesD.resultsB.investigateC.demandD.predictB.randomC.initialD.matureB.questionC.negotiateD.distinguishB.EyeC.NoseD.HandB.showC.orderD.signB.openC.upsetD.superiorB.amazedC.giftedD.confusedB.interactionC.explorationD.negotiationB.emotionC.individualityD.signalsB.possessC.assessD.maintainB.automaticC.authenticD.deliberateB.positiveC.clumsyD.plain第三部分:阋读理解(共15小题;每题2分,满分30分)请阅读以下短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最正确选项。ACorfu.GreeceCorfumaybewellknownforitspartyatmosphere,butit'sbeneaththesurfaceofitsshiningMediterraneanwatersthatthingsgetreallylively.Here,youcanputonyourdivingequipmentonthebeachandheadoutintothebaywhereyoullfindarockwarreachingtodepthsofaround30meters,shelteringawidevarietyofimpressivewildlife.Normandy,FranceOneofthemostfascinatingdivesitesintheworld,theshoresoffthecoastofNormandyinFranceoffersdiversalookintothedestructionoftheSecondWorldWar'smostmemorablebattle.ThisNormandydiveisabeautiful,yethauntingviewintothepast,thedarkandcloudywatersonlyaddingtothefascinatingatmosphereofthelocation.Lanzarote,CanaryIslandsOutontheeasternreachesoftheAtlanticOcean,LanzarotesitsintheCanaryIslandsandisthefinestofthelotwhenitcomestodiving.Anactivevolcanicisland,theexplosivepowerofLanzarotehascarvedoutsometrulybeautifullandscapesovertheyears,bothaboveandbelowthewater'ssurface.Justoffthecoastoftheisland,youllfinddeeprackwalls,cavesandtrenches;striking,dramaticandteemingwith(遍布)life.Lofoten,NorwaySetinthesouthernreachesoftheArcticOcean.thewatersthatsurroundtheLofotenIslandsofNorwayareteemingwithlife.TheLofotenIslandsofferstrikingsceneryasabackdroptoyourArcticdivingadventure.Beneaththewaves,Lofotenisjustasmagnificent.Largespeciesofcoralotherplants,fish,crustaceansandjellyfishallcallthewatersaroundLofotenhome,makingforsometrulybreathtakingdivingexperiences.56.Whereshouldpeoplegotoenjoysceneryproducedyvolcanos?A.Corfu,GreeceB.Lototen,NorwayC.Normandy,FranceD.Lanzarote,CanaryIslands57.Whatdothefourplaceshaveincommon?A.TheyallfeaturedeeprockwallsB.TheyareallhometorarewildlifeC.TheyareallbestdivingdestinationsD.TheyallhavesomehistoricalbackgroundBWhydowelikethebittertasteofcoffee?Bitternessevolvedasanaturalwarningsystemtoprotectthebodyfromharmfulsubstances.Byevolutionarylogic,weshouldwanttospititout.But,itturnsout,themoresensitivepeoplearetothebittertasteofcaffeine,themorecoffeetheydrink,reportsanewstudyfromNorthwesternMedicineandQIMRBerghoferMedicalResearchInstituteinAustralia.Thesensitivityiscausedbyageneticvariant(变体)."You'dexpectthatpeoplewhoareparticularlysensitivetothebittertasteofcaffeinewoulddrinklesscoffee,"saidMarilynCornelis,assistantprofessorofpreventivemedicineatNorthwesternUniversityFeinbergSchoolofMedicine."Theoppositeresultsofourstudysuggestcoffeeconsumersacquireatasteoranabilitytodetectcaffeineduetothelearnedpositivereinforcement(加强)causedbycaffeine."Inotherwords,peoplewhohaveaheightenedabilitytotastecoffee'sbitterness-andparticularlythedistinctbitterflavorofcaffeinelearntoassociate"goodthingswithit,"Cornelissaid.Thus,abiggerbillatstarbucks.Forthestudy,thescientistsinvestigatedhowpeopleperceived(感知)threebittersubstances(caffeine,quinineandpropylthiouracilorPROP)-somethingthatisdeterminedbythepresenceofcertaingenes,accordingtopreviousresearch.TheyfoundpeoplesensitivetothebitterflavorsofquinineandofPROPavoidedcoffee.Foralcohol,ahighersensitivitytothebitternessofPROPresultedinToweralcoholconsumption,particularlyofredwine."Thefindingssuggestourperceptionofbittertastes,informedbyourgenetics,contributestothepreferenceforcoffee.Cornelissaid.Forthestudy,scientistsappliedMendelianrandomization,atechniquecommonlyusedindiseaseepidemiology(流行病学),totestthecausalrelationshipbetweenhittertasteandbeverageconsumptioninmorethan400,000menandwomenintheUnitedKingdom.Thegeneticvariantslinkedtocaffeine,quinineandPROPperceptionwerepreviouslyidentifiedthroughgenome-wideanalysisofsolutiontaste-ratingscollectedfromAustraliantwins.Thesegeneticvariantswerethentestedforassociationswithself-reportedconsumptionofcoffee,teaandalcoholinthecurrentstudy."Tastehasbeenstudiedforalongtime,butwedon'tknowthefullmechanicsofit,"Cornelissaid.Tasteisoneofthesenses:Wewanttounderstanditfromabiologicalstandpoint.Whatcanbfinferredfromthefirstparagraph?Peopleareverysensitivetoabittertaste.Wearenotsupposedtolikecoffeeinaway.Peoplewhodon'tlikebittertastesdolikecoffeeOurbody'swarningsystemisn'tresistanttobitternessWhatdotheScientistsfind?Geneplaysnoroleinpeople'spreferenceforcoffeeThebitterthetasteis,thelesscoffeepeoplaconsume.Howpeopleperceivebitternessvariesfrompersontoperson.ThosewhoaresensitivetoPROPmaynotbesensitivetocaffeine.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Whyweshouldn'tlikecoffee,butwedoB.Whywecantellbitterness,forit'sanaturalabilityC.TheabilitytosensebitternessmattersinhumanrevolutionD.NewgeneticvariantassociatedwithcoffeedrinkingisfoundCThisisgoingtoruffleafewfeathers(激怒).PepsiCopurposelypacksfewerchipsintoitsflavoredchipbags,HughJohnston,thecompany'sCFO,toldtheAssociatedPress."Theremightbeanounceortwolessinthosebags,"Johnstonsaid.Actually,it'shalfanouncelese.RegularLaysaresoldin10-ouncebags;flavoredLay'saresoldin9.5-ouncebags;andbotharesoldforthesame$4.29price.Thatmightnotsoundlikealot,butitwillsoundlikealotwithabitofsimplemath.Americansbuysome$1.6billionworthofLay'spotatochipseveryyear.Muchofthatissoldinbulk--ormerelyinbagsbiggerthanthestandardonesmentionedabove.Butletsassumeforasecondthatthose10-ouncebagsaretheonlyonesLay'ssells.Thatwouldmeanthecompanysellsmorethan372millionbagsofLay'sintheU.S.eachyear-or3.72billionouncesofchips,at43centsperounce.Itwouldalsomeanthatthathalfouncedifferenceisworth21.5centsperbag,andmorethan$80millionintotalperyear.Thatnumberislikelyagooddeallower,butit'snotentirelyunreasonable.IfLay'sischarginganextrapaymentforthesmallerflavoredchipbags,it'slikelydoingthesameforthebiggerones,too.Thattinyhalf-ouncedifferencemightonlymeanapotatochiportwotoyou,butit,'sprobablyworthtensofmillionstoPepsiCoannually.PepsiCoconfirmedthatflavoredandunflavoredLay'schipsaresoldforthesameprice,butnotinthesamequantity.Thisallowsustokeepthesamepricepointacrossthebrand,"JeffDahnckesaidinane-mail.HealsosuggestedthatthechipdifferencehasnothingtodowithextraprofitThereasonwhythereisaslightlyhigherpriceperounceforflavoredchipsistheaddedseasonings(调味品),hesaid,Butthatdoesn’tappeartobethecase.Someofthemarkup(orchipdown)issimplymeanttomakeupfortheaddedinputcostsoncheesebarbecue,sourcreamandonion,andotherflavorings.Butsomeofitisalsothere(ornotthere)toincreasethepotatochip-maker'sprofits.PepsiCohasasoftspotforitsspecialtypotatochips,becauseitsspecialtypotatochipsaremoreprofitablethanitsregularones,accordingtoJohnston.Perhapsthat'swhyLay'sisgettingreadytolaunchamassofnewspecialtypotatochipflavors.ThelaunchispartofPepsiCo'sannual"DoUsaFlavor"contest,inwhichitletscustomersparticipateintheflavorcreationprocess.61.WhatdidPepsiCodothatarousedapublicdissatisfaction?A.Theyraisedthepriceoftheirflavoredchips.B.TheygaveshortweighttotheirflavoredchipsC.Theychangedtheflavorsoftheirpotatochips.D.Theyputmoreseasoningsintotheirpotatochips.62.Howisparagraph3manlydeveloped?A.Bylistingfigures.B.BygivingexamplesC.ByanalyzingcausesD.Bymakingcomparisons63.WhyareLay'sflavoredchipschargedmoreperounceaccordingtoJeffDahncke?A.TomakemoreprofitsB.ToupgradetheirC.TobalanceadditionalcostsD.Tosatisfymorepeople’staste64.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase"hasasoftspotfor"inthelastbutoneparagraph?A.hasasayinB.hasalookatC.hasaccessinD.hasaffectionforDOflate,powerfulcorporationshavebeenpairingupwithacertainimpressivepassion.Perhapsitissomethingintheair.Orperhapsitis,friendlyregulators.OnOctober22ndAmerica'santitrust(反垄断的)authoritiesgavetheirblessingtothisyear'slatestsupermerger(if):theunionofPraxairandLinde,twoindustrial-gasgiantsworthacombined90bn.Despitesignsthatindustrialconcentrationisdestroyingtheeconomyofitsdynamism,regulatorsremainpermissive.Thatmightbebecause,whentheyexamineamergertheyfocussolelyonconsumers'welfare,Agrowingbodyofresearchsuggestsregulatorsshouldbeaseagertoaddresstheharmdonetoworkers.Inperfectlycompetitivemarkets,individualfirmswishingtoselltheirproductsmustchargethecurrentmarketpriceandnohigher.Butthesituationchangeswhenoneorafewfirmscontrolamarket.Amonopolist(垄断者)maychargehigherprices.Thecalculationisthatconsumers,facedwithlittlechoice,willbuyenoughofitsofferingsatahigherpricetoyieldgreaterprofits-Butsomesalesarelostbecauseofmonopolypricing,whichrepresentsa"deadweightloss"tosociety-amissedopportunitytoraisetotalwelfareMonopoliescanalsopreventinnovation.AT&T,America'sonce-mightytelecomsfirm,useditspowerfulpositionintheoperationoflocalphonenetworkstooverchargeconsumersforserviceandhandsets.Ittookthebreak-upofthenetworkmonopolytoclearthewayforfallingpricesandinnovation.Justaspowerfulfirmsmayusetheirpowertooverchargecustomers,theycanalsbcontrolmarketstopaylowerwages,Incompetitivelabormarketsanindividualemployercandolittletosqueezepay,becauseworkerscaneasilyfindbetter-payingjobs.Butina"monopoly",workershavefeweroptions.Firmscanofferwagesbelowthecompetitive-marketrate,knowingthatmanyworkerswillnotbeabletoaffordtoturnthemdown.Antitrustregulatorsoverwhelminglyfocusontheharmtoconsumerswhenjudgingmarketpower.Butthereismountingevidencethatdamageisalsodonewithinlabormarkets.Theshareofnationalincomeflowingtoworkershasdeclinedsincethe1950s,fromabout65%to58%inAmerica.Thegrowthofwageshasdevelopedmoreslowlythanthatofproductivity.Itislikelythatbosses'marketpowerdeservessomeoftheblame.Arecentpaperanalyses8,000locallabormarketsandfindsmostofthemtobehighlyconcentrated.Anincreaseinemployerconcentrationisassociatedwithadropinpayof17%.Casesoflabor-marketcollusion(勾通)byemployershavealsocometolight:largetechnologyfirms,suchasGoogleandApple,wererevealedtohaveagreednottopoach(挖走)eachother'sworkers.Nearly40%ofAmericanworkershaveatsomepointbeenboundbyanon-competeagreement,barringthemfromworkingfortheiremployers'competitors.EvensoGfgulatofsrarelyworryaboutthelabor-marketeffectsofcorporatetie-ups.Inarecentpaper,SureshNaidu,EricPosnerandGlenWeyl.putforwardthreeexplanationsforthis.First,legaltheorysincethe1960shasacceptedtheideathatamerger'seconomicefficiencyoughttobejudgedsolelybyitseffectsonconsumers.Second,regulatorshavenotcaughtupwiththeemergingconclusionthatlabormarketsmaynotalwaysbecompetitive,Third,anyharmstoworkerswerethoughttobebestdealtwithbylabor-marketregulationandtrade-unionbargaining,ratherthanbyantitrustrulings.Agrowingnumberofeconomiststhereforearguethatantitrustpolicymusttakemonpolymoreseriously.AsMauriceStuckenoteinarecentpaper,thecurrent"consumerwelfare"standardisonlyonewayofapplyingthelaw.Antitrustregulationsarewrittenbroadlyenoughthatotherstandardsmightbeappliedjustaseasily.Theauthorsupportsan"effectivecompetition"standard,whichwouldpushregulatorstoassess-the-healthofcompetitioninallmarkets.Importantly,itwouldalsoshifttheburdenofproofontomergingfirms,askingthemtoprovethatmergingwouldnotundercutcompetition.Todate,governmentshavebeentoofocusedontheharmstocustomersfromincreasingindustrialconcentration.Aconsiderationoftheimpactonworkersisoverdue.Withoutcompetition,largefirmsbecomeexploitativebureaucraciesthatareaccountabletonoone.Consumersandworkersalikedeservebetter.65.Whatdoestheauthormeanby"acertainimpressivepassion"intheopeningsentence?A.mysteriouspowerB.AconsiderableprofitC.AnofficialtoleranceD.AfashionabletendencyWhatwillmonopoliesleadtoaccordingtothepassage?Employees"totalwelfarewillbegreatlyincreasedPartoftheprofitswillbeusedtopromoteinnovation.Investors'enthusiasmforinvestmentwillbeweakened67.WhyGoogleandApplementioned?68.Whatmightbeafactoraccountingfortheregulatorsbeingslowtotakeactions69.MauriceStuckemightagreethat.Whatisthemessageconveyedinthepassage?AntitrustpolicyshouldpaymoreattentiontoworkersIndustrialconcentrationtendstodestroyhealthymarkets.TechnologygiantsareseekingtomergewitheachotherEconomistsaretotallyopposedtoindustrialconcentration第四部分:任务型阅读(共10小题;每题1分,满分10分)请阅读下面短文,并依照所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最适合的单词。注意:每个空格只填一个单词。Photographywasonceanexpensive,laboriousordeal(伤心的经验)reservedforlife'sgreatestmilestones.Now,theonlyapparentcosttotakingcountlessphotosofsomethingascommonasamealisthespaceonyourharddriveandyourdiningcompanionspatience.Butisthereanothercost,adeepercost,todocumentingalifeexperienceinsteadofsimplyenjoyingit?"Youhearthatyoushouldn'ttakeallthesephotosandinterrupttheexperience,andit'sbadforyou,andwe'renotlivinginthepresentmoment,"saysKristinDiehl,associateprofessorofmarketingattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniaMarshallSchoolofBusiness.Diehlandherfellowresearcherswantedtofindoutifthatwastrue,sotheyembarkedon(着手)aseriesofnineexperimentsinthelabandinthefieldtestingpeople'senjoymentinthepresenceorabsenceofacamera.Theresults,publishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,surprisedthem.Takingphotosactuallymakespeopleenjoywhatthey'redoingmore,notless.Whatwefindisyouactuallylookattheworldslightlydifferently,becauseyou'relookingforthingsyouwanttosnap,andthatyoumaywanttohangonto,"Diehlexplains."Thatgetspeoplemoreengagedintheexperience,andtheytendtoenjoyitmore."Takesightseeing.Inoneexperiment,nearly200participantsboardedadouble-deckerbusforatourofPhiladelphia.Bothbustoursforbadetheuseofcellphonesbutonetourprovideddigitalcamerasandencouragedpeopletotakephotos.Thepeoplewhotookphotosenjoyedtheexperiencesignificantlymore,andsaidtheyweremoreEngaged,thanthosewhodidn't.Snappingaphotodirectsattention,whichheightensthepleasureyougetfromwhateveryou'relookingat,Diehlsays,Itworksforthingsasboringasarchaeological(考古的)museums,wherepeopleweregiveneye-trackingglassesandinstructedeithertotakephotosornot."Peoplelooklongeratthingstheywanttophotograph,"Diehlsays.Theyreportlikingtheexhibitsmore,too。TothereliefofInstagrammerseverywhere,itcanevenmakemealsmoreenjoyable.Whenpeoplewereencouragedtotakeatleastthreephotoswhiletheyatelunch,theyweremoreinvolvedintheirmealsthanthosewhoweren'ttoldtotakephotos.Wasitthesatisfyingclickofthecamera?Thephysicalactofthesnap?No,theyfoundjusttheactofplanningtotakeaphoto-andnotactually