考研英语语法专项突破训练试题及答案解析

1.Exceptionalchildrenaredifferentinsomesignificantwayfromothersofthesameage.Forthesechildren________totheirfulladultpotential,theireducationmustbeadaptedtothosedifferences.A.todevelopB.tobedevelopedC.developingD.willdevelop2.Spaceexplorationpromisestoopenupmanynewterritoriesforhumansettlement,aswellas_________theharvestofmineralresources.A.leadstoB.toleadtoC.leadingtoD.leadto3.Someday,solarpowercollectedbysatellites________theearthorfissionpower(裂变能)manufacturedbymankindmaygiveusalltheenergyweneedforanexpandingcivilization.A.circledB.tocircleC.circlingD.circles4.Inthisexperiment,theyarewakenedseveraltimesduringthenight,andaskedtoreportwhatthey________.A.hadjustbeendreamingB.arejustdreamingC.havejustbeendreamingD.hadjustdreamt5.Herterrorwassogreat________somewheretoescape,shewouldhaverunforherlife.A.onlyifB.thattherehadonlybeenC.thathadthereonlybeenD.iftherewereonly试题答案及解析：1.AForthesechildrentodeveloptotheirfulladultpotential在句中做目的状语，thesechildren是todevelop的逻辑主语，这种主谓关系在目的状语中一般是不能用分词表示的。B中不定式被动式与句意相悖;for不是连词，故不能选D，否则语句不通。2.Caswellas在语法功能上相当于介词，所以在句中要接动名词leadingto。3.C句子的主语为solarpowerorfissionpower，谓语是maygive,collectedbysatellitecirclingtheearth是后置定语修饰solarpower，其中circlingtheearth又是现在分词短语修饰satellite，“环绕地球的卫星”，相当于thesatellitewhichcirclestheearth。其他选择项均不符合句子语法结构要求。4.C句中已给出频次状语severaltimes，说明要用完成时态，同时句子的时态定位是现在时theyarewakened，显然不能用过去完成时，所以选C。5.C这是一个so…that结构表示结果状语的句型，A、D可以排除。在that从句中又有条件从句，而且应该是虚拟语气结构，B中没有表示条件的连词，是错误的。C虽然也没有连词if，但采用了倒装结构，可以将if省略，又是haddone，表示与过去事实相反的假设，时态、结构完全正确，因此是惟一正确的选择。6.Somewomen________agoodsalaryinajobinsteadofstayinghome,buttheydecidednottoworkforthesakeofthefamily.A.mustmake

B.shouldhavemadeC.wouldmake

D.couldhavemade7.Alightwithnomorepowerthan________byanordinaryelectriclightbulbbecomesintenselystrongasitisconcentratedtoapinpoint-sizedbeam.A.asisproduced

B.thatproducedC.thatisproduced

D.produced8.Formostpeopletheseawasremote,andwiththeexceptionofearlyintercontinentaltravelersorotherswhoearnedalivingfromthesea,therewaslittlereasontoaskmanyquestionsaboutit,letalone________whatlaybeneaththesurface.A.asking

B.ask

C.toask

D.beasked9.Eveniftheyareonsale,these________refrigeratorsareequalinpriceto,ifnotmoreexpensivethan,attheotherstore.A.anyoneB.theothers

C.that

D.theones10.Theatmosphereisasmuchapartoftheearthas________itssoilandthewaterofitslakes,riversandoceans.A.are

B.is

C.do

D.has试题答案及解析：6.D这是一个含蓄虚拟句，意为“有些妇女完全可以不呆在家里，干一份工作挣得可观的工资，可是她们决定不工作，为的是照顾家庭”，所以选D。shouldhavemade意思是“本应该做而实际上没做”，与原句意不够贴切。7.B相当于Alightwithnomorepowerthanthepowerthatisproducedby…。that代替power，表示相比较的事物，而D中没有比较对象，故不对;as表示原级比较，不与than用在一起，故A也不正确;C中缺少that的先行词，也是错误的。8.Cletalone，“更不用说……”，在用法上相当于并列连词，因此要求填入与前面一样的结构，此处是不定式。9.D句子要求填一个能够代替theserefrigerators的代词，故排除A、C。theothers一般与另一部分相对而言，在此句中不对，所以选theones。10.A句子后半句是倒装句，主语是复数itssoilandthewaterofitslakes,riversandoceans，因为较长，所以后置，故选A。

11.You_______suchalongessay;ourteacheronlyaskedfor200words,andyouhavewritten300!A.mustn’thavewrittenB.couldn’thavewrittenC.needn’thavewrittenD.mightnotaswellhavewritten12._______foraches,painsandfever,aspirinisnowthesubjectofmultipleinvestigationsofitsroleintreatingmanymoreseriouscomplaints.A.LongusedB.BeingusedlongC.HavingbeenlongusedD.Ithaslongbeenused13.Innocountry_______Britain,ithasbeensaid,canoneexperiencefourseasonsinthecourseofasingleday.A.betterthanB.morethanC.otherthanD.ratherthan14.Wehopethemeasurestocontrolprices,_______aretakenbythegovernment,willsucceed.A.whenB.asC.sinceD.after15.“WhatdoyousuggestIwriteabout,then,tostandachancenextyear?”“Itisn’tsomuch_______youwriteasthewayyouwriteit.”A.what…thatB.what…whichC.what…howD.which…that16.Supposetherewereafloodoranearthquakeandthepeoplecouldnotbereachedbytrainsortrucks._______packagesoffoodcouldbedroppedfromplanes,thepeoplemightstarve.A.UntilB.BeforeC.UnlessD.Ifonly17.Maryhaslonghadthedesire_______afamouswritereventhoughthestudyofwritingwouldrequireyearsofsacrificeonherpart.A.forbecomingB.tobecomeC.ofbecomingD.becoming18.Thisissodifficultaproblemthatthescientistisknownto_______onitforabouttenyears,buthasn’tfoundasolutionyet.A.haveworkedB.havebeenworkingC.beworkingD.workon19.Amajority_______collectivelymayberegardedasabeingwhoseopinionsand,mostfrequently,whoseinterestsareopposedtothoseofanotherbeing,whichisstyledaminority.A.takingB.takesC.takeD.taken20.Iwouldhavepassedthecollegeentranceexaminations_______Imissedsomeofthequestionsandgavethewronganswers.A.butB.becauseC.asD.inthat试题答案及解析：11.Cneedn’thavedonesth.表示做了不必做的事，此句意为：“你真不必写这么长的文章，老师告诉我们只写200个词，可你写了300个词。”12.AB、C选项之所以错，主要是由于long的位置不对，应为：B.Beinglongused…;CHavinglongbeenused…。句子前半部分是状语，故D也不对。由此可见A是惟一正确的选择。13.Cotherthan的意思相当于except，常用在否定词之后，如nobodyotherthan…，nothingotherthan等。本句中与no在一起连用，意为“只有在英国……”。ithasbeensaid是插入语。14.Bas是关系代词，引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词是measures，相当于…asthemeasureswhicharetakenbythegovernment…，其他几个词都是连词，不能引导定语从句。15.A句中的第一个空白处需要一个引导名词性从句的关系代词，在从句中做write的宾语;第二个空白处要填一个修饰way的定语从句的关系代词，因此只能选A。注意:先行词是way,引导定语从句的关系代词一定不能用how,可以用inwhich,可以用that,也可以省略不用。16.Cunless“除非”，从主从句的逻辑关系上看是惟一正确选择。句意：“假如发生了水灾或地震，且火车、汽车又无法通至灾区，除非用飞机空投，否则那里的人们就会饿死。”17.Btobecome在句中做desire的定语，意为“成为一个著名作家的愿望”，其他结构一般不做desire的定语。18.B不定式tohavebeenworking…做主语scientist的补足语，用完成进行式表示：“这个科学家已对如此复杂的问题研究了大约十年，并且还要继续研究下去。”19.Dtaken在句中做后置定语，修饰majority,由于与所修饰的词是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词，amajoritywhichistakencollectively可以理解为“(把)大多数人作为一个整体”。20.A句中but表示转折，后面陈述的是事实情况：“……看错了问题所以没答对”。暗指“若不是看错了题，就会答对而且通过考试”。因此句子前半部分用的是虚拟语气wouldhavepassed。

21.Takingmorevitaminthanthebodyneedsdoesnotmakeitfunctionbetter,_________over-fulfillingtheoillampmakesitlightenbetter.A.nomorethanB.anymorethanC.notmorethanD.muchmorethan22.DoyouhaveanyideawhatJimdoesallSunday?Hespends_________asmuchtimeidlingaboutashedoes.A.hisstudyB.studyingC.tostudyD.onhisstudy23.ThestudentIamteachingthisyearismuchmoreintelligentthan_________Itaughtlastyear.A.thatB.oneC.theoneD.those24.Justasthebuilderisskilledinthehandlingofhisbricks,_________theexperiencedwriterinthehandlingofhiswords.A.andsoisB.asisC.thesameisD.sois25.Thenewhotelhaserectedabeautifulbuildingwithrecreationareaandconferencefacilitiesonthetopfloor_________thefinestviewofthecitycanbeobtained.A.inwhichB.overwhichC.whereD.there试题答案及解析：21..Bnot…anymorethan…“与……同样不……”。本句意为：“摄入的维生素超过了身体所需要的量并不能使身体更好地发挥作用,就像往油灯中倒入过多的油不能使其更亮一样。”nomore…than与not…anymorethan同义,但句中前半部分已有not,此处再填no是错误的。22..B此题测试的是平行结构问题,即在并列或比较结构中，并列或比较的成分在语法形式上应一致。如该句中应为：Hespendsasmuchtimeidlingaboutashespends(much)timestudying.句中does代替spends,idling与studying平行。23.Ctheone代替带定冠词的单数可数名词。句中代替thestudent，故选C。24.D句子用的是justas…so…句型，后半部分要求倒装，所以应选D。25.Cwhere引导定语从句，在从句中做地点状语，相当于fromthetopfloor。26.Weagreetoaccept_________theythoughtwasthebesttouristguide.A.whateverB.whomeverC.whicheverD.whoever27.Althoughmanypeopleviewconflictasbad,conflictissometimesuseful_________itforcespeopletotesttherelativemeritsoftheirattitudesandbehaviors.A.bywhichB.sothatC.inthatD.providedthat28.Abeamoflightwillnotbendroundcornersunless_________todosowiththehelpofareflectingdevice.A.madeB.beingmadeC.havingmadeD.tobemade29.Aknockatthedooragain!Itwasthethirdtimesomeone_________methatevening.A.hasinterruptedB.hadinterruptedC.tohaveinterruptedD.wouldhaveinterrupted30.Thegovernmentagreestoinstallservices_________byresidentsoveraten-yearperiod.A.whicharetobepaidforB.forwhichtobepaidC.whichtobepaidforD.tobepaidforwhich试题及答案解析：26.Dwhoever引导名词性从句，并在从句中做主语，用来指人。theythought是插入成分。27.Cinthat“是因为”，引导原因状语从句，符合句意。bywhich表示手段;sothat引导目的状语从句;providedthat引导条件状语从句。28.Amadetodoso是itismadetodoso的省略形式。unless是连词，应连接句子，所以除A以外的其他几个选项都是错误的。29.B此处用过去完成时，是因为本句意指“到那次敲门，已经是第三次有人打搅我了”。句中用词was和thatevening都说明指过去发生的事，到过去某一时刻为止已出现的情况用过去完成时。30.Awhich在句中是关系代词，要引导一个句子，而B、C、D三个选项中都没有谓语，因此不是句子。本句意为：“政府同意提供服务设施，经费由居民在十年期间偿还。”

31.Relaxation,_______freshair,purewaterandcleanfood,isessentialtoasoundmindandhealthybody.A.muchlessthanB.nolessthanC.nomorethanD.anylessthan32.Itisfarbettertodowellabitofworkwhichiswell_______alargefortune.A.worthytobedonethanhaveB.worthdoingthantohaveC.worthwhiletodothanhaveD.worthyofdoingthanhave33.Understandingtheculturalhabitofanothernation,especially_______containingasmanydifferentsubculturesastheUnitedStates,isacomplextask.A.oneB.theoneC.thatD.such34.Whetherornotthenextplanwillyieldanypositiveresults_______tobeseen.A.remainB.remainsC.isremainedD.haveremained35.Ifeveragain_______happensanaccidentlikethis,wewillhaveonlyourselvestoblame.A.itB.soC.thereD.that试题及答案解析：31.Bnolessthan“与……同样(重要)”。全句意为:“放松休息,就像新鲜空气、纯净水、清洁的食品一样,是健康的身心所不可缺少的。”32.Btohavealargefortune与todowellabitofwork…是并列不定式。另外，worth,worthy,worthwhile在用法上的区别是:(1)worth是介词,后接动名词或名词，形成介词短语。接动名词时,与主语是动宾关系，其形式是主动的，意义是被动的。如:Thebookisworthreading.(2)worthy是形容词,置于be动词后或名词后面,做后位修饰语,其结构是:beworthyofdoingsth.,sth.isworthytobedone。(3)worthwhile是形容词，要与形式主语it并用：Itisworthwhiletoreadthebook.worth和worthy都不能用于这种结构。33.Aone指代前面提到的具有泛指含义的可数名词单数,在该句中指代anothernation,句中属于泛指，可见B是错误的。such指代前面讲过的整个情况，多用作主语。that指物时常用来指代不可数名词,指代可数名词时具有特指含义。34.Bwhether引导名词性从句做主语,谓语动词应为单数。另外，remain一般不用被动式,所以B为正确选项。35.C这是therebe句型的异化形式，即therebe句型中还可以用be以外的不及物动词，如live,stand,exist,come,remain等。36.Thestudentsweremuchencouraged_______achancetotalkwithth