生物物理化学英语词汇

生物物理化学英语词汇生物物理化学英语词汇生物物理化学英语词汇生物物理学biophysics分子生物物理学molecularbiophysics生物物理化学biophysicalchemistry分子动力学moleculardynamics柔性flexibility指生物大分子，如蛋白多肽链和磷脂脂肪酸链活动程度的大小。如需转载，请注明来自：fane『翻译中国』序参数orderparameter一级结构primarystructure二级结构secondarystructure三级结构tertiarystructure四级结构quaternarystructure螺旋结构helicalstructureα螺旋α-helixβ折叠β-pleatedsheet蛋白质二级结构中的一种构象，其多肽链在空间的走向发生180°的转变。链间氢键interchainhydrogenbond链内氢键intrachainhydrogenbondβ转角β-bend,β-turn蛋白质折叠proteinfolding解折叠unfolding解旋unwinding内旋转internalrotation三股螺旋triplehelix,triplex螺旋度helicity分子肺molecularlung血红蛋白随氧的得失，其四级结构和亚基间距离发生显著变化，这种一张一合的情况与肺的呼吸类似，可理解为分子肺。双螺旋duplex,doublehelix碱基堆积basestacking扭结kink水结构waterstructure结合水boundwater生物能学bioenergetics[离子]近层水primarywater离子与水作用，使分子沿着离子造成的电场排列，在离子周围形成结合较紧密、有序性较高的水层。全反构型alltransconfiguration扭曲构象guacheconformation寻靶作用targetting二色性dichroism荧光团fluorophore荧光标记fluorescencelabelling荧光探剂fluorescenceprobe荧光偏振fluorescencepolarization荧光寿命fluorescencelifetime活性氧activeoxygen超氧阴离子superoxideanion笼形结构cagestructure非极性分子与水分子相互作用，使水的有序性加强；非极性分子在水中形成空穴，这种非极性分子周围的水分子形成笼形样结构。如需转载，请注明来自：fane『翻译中国』细胞生物物理学cellbiophysics膜生物物理学membranebiophysics感光膜photosensorymembrane片流[膜]lamiflo融合膜nexus人工膜artificialmembrane单分子层monomolecularlayer脂单层lipidmonolayer单层囊泡monolayervesicle脂微囊lipidmicrovesicle脂囊泡lipidvesicle微团micell界面脂boundarylipid脂质体liposome脂蛋白体proteoliposome膜不对称性membraneasymmetry脂双层lipidbilayer双分子脂膜bimolecularlipidmembrane平面脂双层planarlipidbilayer黑脂膜blacklipidmembrane,blm非双层脂nonbilayerlipid六角相hexagonalphase脂多型性lipidpolymorphism侧向扩散lateraldiffusion摆动segmentalmotion生物膜或人工膜上的脂肪分子头部一端固定，另一端作与膜法线垂直方向像钟表一样摆动。翻转flip-flop如需转载，请注明来自：fane『翻译中国』锥内摆动模型wobbling-in-conemodel流动镶嵌膜模型fluid-mosaic-membranemodel镶嵌结构mosaicstructure镶嵌现象mosaicism膜通道membranechannel膜电容membranecapacitance膜电流membranecurrent膜电位membranepotential膜电阻membraneresistance膜整合锥membrane-integratedcone膜上具有锥状整合蛋白。膜质子传导membraneprotonconduction膜流动性membranefluidity膜通透性membranepermeability膜疾病membranedisease离子载体ionophore离子选择通透性ionicpermselectivity生电钠泵electrogenicsodiumpump图象荧光计imagingfluorometer,videofluorometer二维荧光光谱two-dimensionalfluorescencespectrum相位荧光测定法phasefluorometry荧光漂白恢复fluorescencerecoveryafterphotobleaching,fluorescencephotobleachingrecovery,frap,fpr同步激发光谱学synchronousexcitationspectroscopy荧光检测圆二色性fluorescence-detectedcirculardichroism,fdcd磁圆二色性magneticcirculardichroism磁旋光分光法magneticspectropolarimetry圆偏振差散射circularintensitydifferentialscattering,cids电泳光散射electrophoreticlightscattering,els相干反斯托克斯-拉曼散射coherentanti-stokesramanscattering,cars延伸x射线吸收精细结构extendedx-rayabsorptionfinestructure,exafsx射线吸收近边结构x-rayabsorptionnearedgestructure,xanes电子自旋共振electronspinresonance,esr饱和转移电子自旋共振saturationtransferesr,st-esr自旋标记spinlabeling自旋捕获spintrapping核磁共振nuclearmagneticresonance,nmr二维核磁共振波谱学two-dimensionalnmrspectroscopy二维相关光谱学two-dimensionalcorrelatedspectroscopy二维自旋回波相关光谱学spinechocorrelatedspectroscopy二维核奥弗豪泽光谱学nuclearoverhauserspectroscopy核磁共振成象nmr-imaging,zeugmatography电子自旋共振成象esr-imaging正电子成象术positronemissiontomography免疫电镜术immuno-electronmicroscopy,iem光学断层显微术opticalsectioningmicroscopy用光学显微镜聚焦于样品的不同深度，获得一系列象，每个象包含相应焦平面内的信息及焦平面以外的信息。通过三维重建计算方法可得到整个样品的三维信息。扫描隧道显微术scanningtunnelmicroscopy图象增强显微术videoenhancementmicroscopy拉曼光谱学ramanspectroscopy荧光分光光度法fluorospectrophotometry傅里叶[变换]拉曼光谱学fourier[transform]rammanspectroscopy表面增强拉曼光谱学surfaceenhancementramanspectroscopy流式细胞术flowcytometry电融合electrofusion电穿孔electroporation介电电泳dielectrophoresis微量电泳micro[electro]phoresis原位电泳in-situelectrophoresis生物全息术bioholography生物传感器biosensor生物芯片biochip生物计算机biocomputer膜片箝术patchclampingtechnique生物遥测术biotelemetry生物遥测扫描器biotelescanner血流速度描记术dromography如需转载，请注明来自：fane『翻译中国』脉冲辐解pulseradiolysis生物声呐biosonar生物量热法biocalorimetry激光光解laserphotolysis超导生物磁强计superconductingbiomagnetometer触角电位图electroantennogram细胞间电耦合electriccouplingofcells电流源密度分析currentsourcedensityanalysis额外电流extracurrent暗电流darkcurrent场电位fieldpotential近场电位nearfieldpotential远场电位farfieldpotential离子通道ionchannel微量离子电泳micro-ionophoresis串行加工serialprocessing平行加工parellelprocessing特征检测器featuredetector纹理texture神经行为学neuroethology柱状组织columnarorganization超级柱hypercolumn取向选择性orientationselectivity方向选择性directionselectivity眼优势组oculardominancegroup眼动控制oculomotorcontrol肌电控制myoelectriccontrol视动反应optomotorresponse俯仰反应pitchresponse滚动反应rollresponse扭转反应torqueresponse躲避干扰反应jammingavoidanceresponse追逐行为chasingbehavior归航行为homingbehavior跟踪行为trackingbehavior全息记忆holographicmemory立体图stereogram声通讯soundcommunication小窝器smallpitorgan时觉chronesthesy定时因子chronon择时检验chronopsy时值凶兆chronorisk授时因子zeitgeber听觉掩蔽audiomasking测声计acou[si]meter声象acousticimage听凹acousticfovea模拟神经元imictron肌肉助推器muscle-boostingdevice肌伺服模型muscleservomodel语图sonagram语言识别机speech-recognizingmachine音码器vocoder生物力学biomechanics生物流变学biorheology生物粘弹性bioviscoelasticity泊肃叶方程poiseuilleequation细胞流变学cytorheology细胞电泳cellelectrophoresis面积模量areamodulusξ电位ζ-potential变形性deformability剪切模量shearmodulus细胞过滤cellfiltration血液流变学hemorheology血液高粘综合征blood-high-viscosity-syndrome血液低粘综合征blood-low-viscosity-syndrome血液[表观]粘度blood[apparent]viscosity如需转载，请注明来自：fane『翻译中国』剪切稀化shearthinning血液触变性bloodthixotropyσ现象σ-phenomenon屈服应力yieldstress滞后hysteresis血管力学vascularmechanics血管流变学vascularrheology血管蠕变bloodvesselcreep法-林效应fahraeus-lindquisteffect法-林逆效应inversionoffahraeus-lindquisteffect向轴迁移axialmigration血液层流bloodlaminarflow[肌肉]弹性响应elasticresponse环境生物物理学environmentalbiophysics趋温性thermotaxis过热hyperthermia热变性作用thermodenaturation低温防护剂cryoprotector低温生物学cryobiology向压性barotropism趋压性barotaxis趋触性thigmotaxis距离感受器distancereceptor超灵敏感觉ultra-sharpsense趋电性electrotaxis磁生物学magnetobiology动物磁性zoomagnetism生物磁效应biomagneticeffect趋磁性magnetotaxis向磁性magnetotropism振动触觉信息vibrotactileinformation振动觉pallesthesia振动感受器vibration-sensitivereceptor生物钟学biochronometry向日性heliotropism感夜性nyctinasty宇宙生物学cosmobiology天体生物物理学bioastrophysics向地性geotropism重力感受器gravitationalreceptor,gravireceptor氧受体oxygenacceptor向氧性oxytropism向化性chemotropism趋水性hydrotaxis向水性hydrotropism趋湿性hygrotaxis向湿性hygrotropism辐射生物物理学radiationbiophysics辐射生物学radiationbiology辐射剂量学radiationdosimetry微剂量学microdosimetry放射生物学radiobiology放射生态学radioecology放射毒理学radiotoxicology电离辐射ionizingradiation如需转载，请注明来自：fane『翻译中国』非电离辐射nonionizingradiation电磁辐射electromagneticradiation微粒辐射granularradiation慢性照射chronicirradiation本底辐射backgroundradiation同步辐射synchrotronradiation迁延照射prolongedexposure辐射灭菌radiationsterilization辐射致癌radiationcarcinogen辐射损伤radiationdamage辐射防护radiationprotection辐射防护剂radioprotector辐射抗性radiationresistance辐射敏感性radiosensitivity辐射敏化剂radiosensitizer辐射质radiationquality抗辐射效应antiradiationeffect吸收剂量absorbeddose剂量当量doseequivalent照射exposure刺激作用hormesis致死损伤lethaldamage亚致死损伤sublethaldamage靶理论targettheory自由基freeradical随机效应stochasticeffect非随机效应nonstochasticeffect激光生物学laserbiology感光性photonasty光电位photopotential光生物学photobiology环境光生物学environmentalphotobiology研究作为环境中最重要因素之一的光(主要是阳光)对生物学过程的影响，以及这些影响与整个生态系统的关系。光复活photoreactivation光运动photomovement光氧化photooxidation光周期性photoperiod[ism]光致溶血photohemolysis光医学photomedicine光疗phototherapy光动力作用photodynamicaction光致生氧photooxygenation光致变色性photochromism光降解photodegradation光敏色素phytochrome光色素lumichrome光黄素lumiflavin光声光谱学photoacousticspectroscopy光变态反应photoallergy单线态氧singletoxygen存活曲线survivalcurve晒斑sunburn生物钟biologicalclock［近］昼夜节律circadianrhythm网膜外光感受extraretinalphotoreception菌紫红质bacteriarhodopsin卟啉症porphyria光解photolysis光激运动photokinesis由于光的刺激强度变化而引起的生物（特别是原生动物和昆虫）非定向、无规则的迁移速度的变化。光敏作用photosensitization光敏感性photosensitivity趋光性phototaxis向光性phototropism生物发光bioluminescence生物发光探剂bioluminescentprobe如需转载，请注明来自：fane『翻译中国』发光细菌photobacteria发光器luminousorgan萤光素luciferin氧化萤光素oxyluciferin脱氢萤光素dehydroluciferin萤光素酶luciferase系间跨越intersystemcrossing等发光点isoluminescencepoint发光计luminometer化学光度计actinometer作用光谱actionspectrum生物光子biophoton光子计数统计学photocountstatistics研究一定时间间隔内光子计数的统计分布，热平衡的(混沌)光子辐射场和相干的辐射场将给出不同的统计分布。有丝分裂辐射mitogeneticradiation坏死辐射necrobioticradiation延迟发光delayedluminescence诱导发光inducedluminescence化学发光chemiluminescence致化学发光化合物chemiluminogeniccompound电化学发光electrochemiluminescence,ecl超微弱发光ultraweakluminescence切补修复excisionrepair受激子excimer激发复合体exciplex生物磁学biomagnetism心磁图描记术magnetocardiography脑磁图描记术magnetoencephalography神经磁图描记术magnetoneurography肌磁图描记术magnetomyography眼[动]磁图magneto-oculogram肺磁图描记术magnetopneumography视网膜磁图magnetoretinogram细胞磁测量术cytomagnetometry生物信息论biologicalinformationtheory开关码switchingcode错编miscoding密码学cryptography错译mistranslation生物控制论biologicalcybernetics,biocybernetics系统论systemtheory系统分析systemanalysis自组织系统self-organizingsystem自繁殖系统self-reproducingsystem体内稳态homeostasis调制传递函数modulationtransferfunction,mtf生物反馈biofeedback如需转载，请注明来自：fane『翻