一轮复习英语重大版学案学通语法第十二讲 特殊句式

第十二讲特殊句式单句语法填空1．(2018·天津高考单选)ItwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhousethatwesawLilyinthepassengerseat.2．(2017·天津高考单选)ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.3．(2016·江苏高考单选)Notuntilrecentlydidtheyencouragethedevelopmentoftourist­relatedactivitiesintheruralareas.4．(2015·湖南高考单选)ItwaswhenwewerereturninghomethatIrealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeoneintrouble.5．(2015·重庆高考单选)Bachdiedin1750,butitwasnotuntiltheearly19thcenturythathismusicalgiftwasfullyrecognized.6．(2015·天津高考单选)OnlywhenLilywalkedintotheofficedidsherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome.7．(2015·北京高考单选)Ifaccepted(accept)forthejob,you’llbeinformedsoon.8．(2015·湖南高考单选)Alwayskeep(keep)inmindthatyourmaintaskistogetthispanyrunningsmoothly.一、强调句1．基本句型：Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他。Itisonlybylisteningtoandunderstandingeachotherthatproblemsbetweenparentsandchildrencanbesettled.只有通过倾听和相互理解，孩子和父母之间的问题才可能被解决。(强调方式状语)2．一般疑问句形式：Is/Wasit＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他？Wasitbycuttingdownthestaffthatshesavedthefirm?她是通过裁员拯救了公司吗？3．特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词＋is/wasit＋that＋其他？Whenwasitthathemadeuphismindtotakethiscourse?他是什么时候决定选修这门课程的？4．含有not...until...的强调句型：Itis/wasnotuntil＋被强调部分＋that...＋其他。Itwasnotuntilneartheendoftheletterthatshementionedherownplan.直到信的末尾她才提到她自己的计划。eq\a\vs4\al([名师指津])以上强调句型是对除谓语以外的成分的强调；若强调谓语，要在谓语动词前加do/does/did，这种强调只适用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句。Thescientistdiddevoteallhislifetohisresearchwork.这位科学家真正地把他的一生献给了研究工作。二、倒装句(一)部分倒装部分倒装是指把谓语的一部分(助动词、系动词或情态动词)置于主语之前。这类句型主要有以下几种形式：1．当否定词或带有否定意义的词或短语位于句首时，常用部分倒装。这类词或短语有：little,few,never,seldom,rarely,bynomeans,notonly,notuntil,atnotime,under/innocircumstances,innocase,innoway,nosooner,hardly,scarcely等。①Notuntilsheleftdidherealizehowmuchhelovedher.直到她离开后他才意识到自己有多爱她。②Notonlywillhelpbegiventopeopletofindjobs,butalsomedicaltreatmentwillbeprovidedforpeoplewhoneedit.不仅要给那些找工作的人提供帮助，而且也要给那些有需要的人提供医疗保健服务。2．当only修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时。Onlywhenyoucanfindpeaceinyourheartwillyoukeepgoodrelationshipswithothers.只有当你找到内心的平静时，你才能与他人保持良好的关系。3．so/neither/nor置于句首时，用部分倒装结构。(1)“so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示前面所说的肯定情况也适合于另一人或物，意为“……也是如此”。—I’vegotanenormousamountofworktodo.—SohaveI.——我有大量的工作要做。——我也如此。(2)“neither/nor＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一人或物，意为“……也不这样”。—LiuJiacan’tanswerthequestion.—Neither/NorcanPeter.——刘佳回答不上来这个问题。——彼得也回答不上来。4．在so/such...that...结构中，当“so＋形容词/副词”或“such＋名词”位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装。Sosuddenlydidhecatchthediseasethatthewholefamilywereatagreatloss.他患病太突然，全家人全然不知所措。5．在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，当从句的表语/状语/动词位于句首时，用部分倒装。如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，其前不加冠词。Hardastheytried,theycouldn’tmakeherchangehermind.尽管他们尽力了，但他们还是没能让她改变主意。(二)完全倒装完全倒装是指将谓语动词完全提到主语之前。这类句型主要有以下几种形式：1．表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词，如here,there,now,then,up,down,in,away,out等置于句首时，且主语是名词，谓语动词是不及物动词，句子需用完全倒装。此时，句子多用一般现在时或一般过去时。Themomentthebellrang,outrushedthechildren.铃一响，孩子们就冲了出去。2．当地点状语位于句首时，且主语是名词，谓语动词是不及物动词，为了避免头重脚轻，句子需用完全倒装。Nextdoortooursliveaforeigncouple,whoseemtohavesettledintolifeinChina.我们隔壁住着一对外国夫妇，他们看起来已经习惯了中国的生活。3．有时为平衡句子结构或突出、强调，将作表语的介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首，构成“表语＋系动词＋主语”的完全倒装结构。PresentatthepartywereMrGreenandmanyotherguests.出席晚会的有格林先生，还有许多别的宾客。三、状语从句的省略在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，可以用省略结构。省略必须具备两个条件：eq\x((1)从句的主语是it或主从句的主语一致；(2)从句的谓语动词含有be动词。)此时可以省略从句的主语和be动词。Unless(itis)necessary,you’dbetternotturntohim.除非有必要，否则你最好不要向他请求帮助。四、感叹句感叹句常用来表示惊叹、赞美、喜悦等语气。1．what引导的感叹句What＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！What＋adj.＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！①Whatastrangeplant!I’veneverseenitbefore.这种植物真奇怪！我以前从未见过。②Whatlovelychildrentheyare!他们是多么可爱的孩子啊！2．how引导的感叹句How＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！How＋主语＋谓语！①Howinterestingastoryitis!→Whataninterestingstoryitis!→Howinterestingthestoryis!这是多么有趣的一个故事啊！②Howtimeflies！时间过得真快啊！五、反意疑问句1．陈述部分含有宾语从句的反意疑问句一般情况下，其疑问部分应和主句保持一致。但如果主句谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine,guess或besure等，且主句主语为第一人称时，其疑问部分的主语和时态与宾语从句的主语和时态保持一致。①Itoldthemnoteverybodycouldrunasfastasyoudid,didn’tI?我告诉他们并非每个人都能像你一样跑得那么快，是不是？②Idon’tthinkthefootballteamislikelytowin,isit?我认为那支足球队不会获胜，是吗？2．祈使句的反意疑问句祈使句后的反意疑问句不表示反问，而表示一种语气。其结构为：肯定祈使句，＋will/won'tyou？否定祈使句，＋willyou？Letus...，＋willyou？Let's...，＋shallwe？①Closethewindow,will/won’tyou？关上窗户，好吗？②Let’sgotothebookstore,shallwe？我们去书店，好吗？eq\a\vs4\al([常考题点对点练])Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Johnhasnotyetpassedthedrivingtest,andneitherhasHenry.2．Therees(e)theschoolbus.Hurryup!3．Someflowersshutupatnightasifto_sleep(sleep)．4．Youarewaitingatawrongplace.Itisatthehotelthatthecoachpicksuptourists.5．HadJasonsharedhisideaswithuswewouldhavemademoreprogress.6．(2019·陕西渭南一模)Onthetopofthehillstands(stand)atemplewheretheoldmanoncelived.7．(2018·辽宁铁岭六校联考)Whatfunitistotakearestafteralongrun!8．(2019·广西梧州高三一模)Freddygavehimajobandhousingandlenthimpocketmoneywhiletraining(train)him.9．It’strue,butIheardsomepeopledid(do)findtheirbetterhalfthroughonlinedating.10．(2019·重庆月考)Hesaid,“Whatabeautifulday!HowIwishIcouldgobacktosleep!ButnowIhavetogooutandfindsomefood.”Ⅱ.单句改错1．10mileseastofourschoolliestwomodernswimmingpools.lies→lie2．Videogamescanbeapoorinfluenceifleavinginthewronghands.leaving→left3．OnlywhenIwalkedintotheclassroomandtookoutthebooksIrealizethatIhadlefttheEnglishbookathome.books后加did4．(2018·成都二诊)ItwasnotuntiltheboatstartedtosinkwhenIworriedaboutmysafety.when→that5．Thankyou,Tom.Butcouldyoutellmewherewasityoufoundmywallet？it后加that6．WhatsurprisingitisBillshouldn’trealizewhathashappened！What→How7．NeverdoesitoccurtoAndrewthathecouldbeadmittedtothefamouspany.does→did8．Sodelightedwasmycousinsthattheydidn’thearthedoorbellringing.was→wereeq\a\vs4\al([高考题型综合练])Ⅰ.语法填空AstoryaboutviolinistFritzKreislertellshowheoncecameacrossabeautifulinstrumenthewantedtoacquire.Whenhefinallyraisedthemoneyfortheviolin,hereturnedtobuyitbutlearnedthatit__1__(sell)toacollector.Hewenttothenewowner’shomeinordertotrytopersuadehimtosell__2__violin.However,thecollectorsaiditwasoneofhisvaluable__3__(possess)andhecouldnotletitgo.The__4__(disappoint)Kreislerturnedtoleave,butthenaskedafavor.“MayIplaytheinstrumentoncemore__5__itisputaway？”Permissionwasgivenandthegreatmusicianbegantoplay.Theviolinsangwithaqualityofmusicsobeautifulthatthecollectorcouldonlylisten__6__amazement.“Ihavenoright__7__(keep)thattomyself，”hesaidafterthemusicianfinished.“Theviolinis__8__(you),MrKreisler.Takeitintotheworld,andletthepeoplehearit.”Iwanttolivemylifethatway—totakeitintotheworldandliveit__9__(full).I’dratherbeusedupthandienothavingdonewhateverIcould.Happinessisfoundininvestingourlivesinothers.Sayyeswhen__10__(ask)forahand.Volunteersometimeforaworthwhileorganization.Spendanhourwithalonelyrelative.Intheend,Iknowthatmyhappinesswillnothavebeenaboutmyabilityormyinability.Itwillhavebeenaboutmyavailability.Mylifeismeanttobelived.语篇解读：本文通过讲述一位伟大的小提琴家为了得到一把小提琴而经历的曲折故事，告诉我们应该让自己的生活过得充实，不要留下遗憾。1．hadbeensoldsell的动作发生在learned之前，应该用过去完成时；主语it指代violin，与sell之间为被动关系，故空处应用被动语态。2．the根据语境可知，此处表特指，故用the。3．possessions此处应该用名词，possession意为“所有物”，为可数名词，由oneof可知，空处应该用复数形式。4．disappointeddisappoint为动词，空处修饰名词Kreisler，应用形容词，故填disappointed。5．beforeKreisler想在小提琴收起来之前拉一次。6．ininamazement相当于insurprise，表示一种吃惊的状态。7．tokeephavenorighttodosth.意为“没有权利做某事”，为固定用法。8．yours此处需要用名词性物主代词，指代yourviolin。9．fully修饰动词live需要用副词。10．asked主句为祈使句，从句省略了主语和be动词，补充完整为：whenyouareaskedforahand，因此用asked。Ⅱ.短