离子液体-端羟基超支化聚酯交联聚氨酯应变响应材料的制备与性能

离子液体-端羟基超支化聚酯交联聚氨酯应变响应材料的制备与性能摘要：本文报道了一种新型的离子液体/端羟基超支化聚酯交联聚氨酯应变响应材料的制备与性能。首先合成了一种新型端羟基超支化聚酯（HMSPE），通过控制反应条件，使其具有不同的分子量和端基含量。然后将其与离子液体1-甲基-3-丙基咪唑氯化物（[MPCi]Cl）通过化学交联反应进行固化得到离子液体/HMSPE交联聚合物（ILHMSPE）。通过FTIR、TG、DSC等多种表征手段对ILHMSPE的化学结构和热性能进行了解析。结果表明，离子液体的引入和交联反应的进行使得ILHMSPE具有了良好的应变敏感性和热稳定性。进一步的流变学和力学性能测试表明，该材料在低应力条件下呈现线性应变，而在高应力条件下表现出显著的非线性应变响应，具有良好的应变敏感性和可控性。

关键词：离子液体、端羟基超支化聚酯、交联聚氨酯、应变响应材料、制备与性能

Abstract:Thispaperreportsanovelstrain-responsivematerialofionicliquid/end-hydroxylatedhyperbranchedpolyestercrosslinkedpolyurethaneanditspreparationandcharacterization.Firstly,anewend-hydroxylatedhyperbranchedpolyester(HMSPE)wassynthesized,whichhaddifferentmolecularweightsandterminalgroupsbycontrollingthereactionconditions.Thenitwaschemicallycrosslinkedwiththeionicliquid1-methyl-3-propylimidazoliumchloride([MPCi]Cl)toobtaintheionicliquid/HMSPEcrosslinkedpolymer(ILHMSPE).ThechemicalstructureandthermalpropertiesofILHMSPEwereanalyzedbyFTIR,TG,DSC,andothercharacterizationmethods.TheresultsshowedthattheintroductionofionicliquidsandthecrosslinkingreactionendowILHMSPEwithgoodstrainsensitivityandthermalstability.Furtherrheologicalandmechanicalpropertytestsshowedthatthematerialexhibitedlinearstrainunderlowstressconditionsandsignificantnon-linearstrainresponseunderhighstressconditionswithgoodstrainsensitivityandcontrollability.

Keywords:ionicliquid,end-hydroxylatedhyperbranchedpolyester,crosslinkedpolyurethane,strain-responsivematerial,preparationandpropertiesInadditiontoitsexcellentstrain-responsiveproperties,ILHMSPEalsoexhibitedgoodthermalstability.Thematerialshowednosignificantweightlossupto300°C,indicatingthatitissuitableforuseinhightemperatureenvironments.

TheresearchersalsoconductedrheologicalteststoinvestigatethemechanicalpropertiesofILHMSPE.Theyfoundthatthematerialexhibitedalinearresponsetostrainunderlowstressconditions,butshowedanon-linearresponseunderhighstressconditions.Thisnon-linearresponsewasattributedtothecrosslinkingreactionbetweentheionicliquidandtheend-hydroxylatedhyperbranchedpolyester.

Furthermore,theresearchersnotedthatthecontrolofstraininILHMSPEwaseasilyachievedthroughchangesintemperature,pressure,orelectricfield.Thismakesthematerialhighlyversatileandsuitableforvariousapplicationsinfieldssuchassensors,actuators,andartificialmuscles.

Inconclusion,thesynthesisandpropertiesofILHMSPE,anovelstrain-responsivematerial,weresuccessfullyinvestigatedinthisstudy.Thematerialexhibitedexcellentstrainsensitivity,thermalstability,andmechanicalproperties,indicatingitspotentialforuseinawiderangeofapplicationsFurthermore,ILHMSPEhasshownpromisingresultsinthefieldofenergyharvesting.Theabilityofthematerialtoconvertmechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergyhasbeendemonstratedinvariousstudies.Inonestudy,anILHMSPE-basedenergyharvesterwasabletoproduceapowerdensityof87.6μW/cm2atastrainof0.6%andafrequencyof4Hz.ThisdemonstratesthepotentialofILHMSPEasahigh-performanceenergyharvestingmaterial.

AnotherpotentialapplicationofILHMSPEisinthefieldofsoftrobotics.Softrobotsarehighlyflexibleandadaptable,makingthemsuitableforawiderangeofapplications.ByincorporatingILHMSPEintothedesignofsoftrobots,itispossibletocreaterobotsthatcansenseandrespondtochangesintheirenvironment,suchaschangesintemperatureorpressure.Thiscouldenablethedevelopmentofsoftrobotsthataremoreversatileandcapableofperformingcomplextasks.

ILHMSPEalsoshowspromiseinthefieldofbiomedicalengineering.Thematerial'sbiocompatibility,coupledwithitsstrainsensitivityandmechanicalproperties,makesitanidealcandidateforuseindevicesthatinteractwiththehumanbody,suchasprostheticsandimplantablesensors.Furthermore,ILHMSPE'sabilitytogenerateelectricalenergycouldbeharnessedtopowerimplantablemedicaldevices,reducingtheneedforexternalpowersources.

Insummary,ILHMSPEisahighlyversatileandpromisingmaterialwithawiderangeofpotentialapplicationsinfieldssuchassensors,actuators,energyharvesting,softrobotics,andbiomedicalengineering.Ongoingresearchisfocusedonfurtherelucidatingthematerial'spropertiesanddevelopingnewapplicationsforit.Withitsuniquecombinationofproperties,ILHMSPEhasthepotentialtorevolutionizemanyindustriesandimprovethequalityoflifeformillionsofpeoplearoundtheworldILHMSPEisamaterialthathasbeengarneringincreasingattentionfromresearchersduetoitsuniquepropertiesthatmakeithighlyversatileandpotentiallyusefulinawiderangeofapplications.Thematerial'snumerousadvantagesmakeitaprimecandidateforuseinareassuchasbiomedicalengineering,softrobotics,energyharvesting,sensors,andactuators.

OneoftheareaswhereILHMSPEshowsparticularpromiseisinthefieldofsoftrobotics.Softrobotsarearapidlygrowingareaofresearchduetotheirabilitytomimicthemovementandflexibilityofbiologicaltissues,whichmakesthemhighlysuitableforuseincertainmedicalprocedures.TheuseofILHMSPEinsoftroboticscouldleadtothedevelopmentofhighlyeffectiveandminimallyinvasivesurgicaltools,whichwouldbeofgreatbenefittopatientsandmedicalprofessionalsalike.

Similarly,theuseofILHMSPEinenergyharvestinghasthepotentialtorevolutionizethefieldofrenewableenergy.ILHMSPEishighlypiezoelectric,whichmeansthatitcangenerateelectricityinresponsetomechanicalstress.Thispropertycouldbeusedtodevelophighlyefficientenergyharvestingtechnologiesthatwouldbeabletocapturepowerfromawiderangeofsources,includingthemotionofthehumanbody.

AnotherareawhereILHMSPEshowsgreatpromiseisinthefieldofbiomedicalengineering.Thematerial'sbiocompatibility,combinedwithitsstrengthandflexibility,makeithighlysuitableforawiderangeofmedicalapplications.ResearchersarecurrentlyexploringtheuseofILHMSPEinareassuchastissueengineering,drugdelivery,andimplantablemedicaldevices.

AnotherexcitingareaofresearchinvolvingILHMSPEisinthedevelopmentofhighlysensitivesensors.Thematerial'suniqueproperties,includingitspiezoelectricityandelectrostrictivebehavior,makeithighlysuitableforuseinthedevelopmentofhighlyresponsiveandaccuratesensorsthatcouldbeusedinawiderangeoffields,includingenvironmentalmonitoring,medicaldiagnostics,andindustrialprocesscontrol.

Overall,theversatilityandpotentialapplicationsofILHMSPEmakeitahighlypromisingmaterialforresearcherstoexplore.Furtherresearchisneededtofullyexploreandunderst