2019版高考英语一轮复习Unit2Cloning达标巩固练(含解析)新人教版选修8

Cloning李仕才***阅读理解。TheInternetplaysabigpartinhumanlife.Weuseitforworkandentertainment.WecanfindnewrecipesontheInternetoradviceonstayinghealthy.Wecanevenuseittolearnanewlanguage.WeusetheInternettoconnectwithfamilyandfriendsandstayintouchwithissueswecareabout.Thelistgoesonandon.AsfarastheInternetbeingapartofourlives—well,thattrainhasleftthestation.Thatexpressionmeansthereisnogoingback.Ifyoupreferboating,youcansaythatshiphassailed.So,theremaybenogoingbacktoanInternet-freelife.ButcanusingtheInternettoomuchbebadforourhealth?Itmightbe,sayresearchers.Studyresultsshowthatteenswhospendatleast14hoursaweekonlineweremorelikelytohavehighbloodpressure.Highbloodpressuremakesyourheartandbloodvesselsworktoohard.Overtime,thisextrastrainincreasesyourriskofaheartattackorstroke.Highbloodpressurecanalsocauseheartandkidneydisease.Itisalsocloselylinkedtosomeformsofdementia,abraindisease.Dementiaismarkedbymemorydisorders,personalitychanges,andareducedabilitytoreason.Let’sintroducesomethingaboutthestudyofit.TheHenryFordHospitalinDetroit,Michigandidthestudy.Itinvolved335youngpeople,from14to17yearsold.Onehundredthirty-fouroftheteensweredescribedas“heavyInternetusers

”.Researchersfoundthatout

ofthese134teens,26hadhighbloodpressure.Theresearcherssaythestudyisthefirsttoconnectheavywebuseandhighbloodpressure.OtherresearchhasconnectedthatheavyInternetusewithhealthproblemsincludinganxiety,depressionandobesity.TheleadresearcherofthestudyisAndreaCassidy-Bushrow.Inastatementshesaid,“UsingtheInternetispartofourdailylifebutitshouldn’tconsumeus.”Forthepurposeofthestudy,sheexplains,teensconsideredheavyInternetuserswereonlineon“average25hoursaweek.”MsCassidy-Bushrowaddsthatitisimportantforteenstotake“regularbreaksfromtheircomputersorsmartphones”andtodosome“kindofphysicalactivity.”Shealsosuggeststhatparentslimittheirchildren’suseoftheInternettotwohoursaday,fivedaysaweek.【文章粗心】互联网这样实用而且融入我们的生活,但过分使用它,会致使多种健康问题。1.Thefirsttwoparagraphsmeanthat________.A.thelistofthefunctionoftheInternetistoolongtobeendlessB.theInternethastoomanyusestocountC.thenumberofthepeopleintheworldusingtheInternetistoomanytocountD.thelistoftheusesoftheInternetisbeinglengtheneddaybyday【分析】选B。细节理解题。由第一句“TheInternetplaysabigpartinhumanlife.”和第二段“Thelistgoesonandon.”可知,B项切合题意。Thereasonofincreasingpeople’sriskofaheartattackorstrokeisthat________.A.theyusetheInternettoomuchB.theypaylittleattentiontotheirhealthC.highbloodpressuremakestheirheartandbloodvesselsworktoohardD.usingtheInternettoomuchmakestheirheartandbloodvesselsworktoohard【分析】选C。细节理解题。由第七段“Highbloodpressuremakesyourheartandbloodvesselsworktoohard.Overtime,thisextrastrainincreasesyourriskofaheartattackorstroke.”高血压使得人们的心脏和血管超负荷运转。长此过去,这类超负荷运行会增添心脏病和中风发生的风险。”可知C项正确。WhichofthefollowingmayusingtheInternettoomuchcontributetobesidesteenagers’highbloodpressure?A.Anxiety,depressionandobesity.B.Memorydisorders,andpersonalitychanges.2C.Dementia,abraindisease.D.Aheartattackorstroke.【分析】选A。细节理解题。依据第十一段内容可知:科研人员说研究结果表示过分使用互联网第一致使高血压。其余研究结果表示还可致使其余健康问题,如:忧愁、情绪低沉和肥胖。故A项正确。MsCassidy-BushrowsuggeststhatthepropertimechildrenspendusingtheInternetshouldbe________.A.25hoursaweekB.10hoursaweekC.5hoursadayD.14hoursaweek【分析】选B。细节理解题。依据最后一段:“她还建议家长应当把孩子使用互联网的时间限制在每日两小时,每周五天。”故B项正确。语法填空。Thetruth__1__treesarevitaltoourlifeisnotasecret.Theyprovideuswithfood,woodandmost__2__(important),oxygen.Nowthereisonemorethingwecanaddtothislist—blockingoutharmfulbacteriafromwater.Thediscovery__3__(make)byateamconsistingofscientistsfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)andhighschoolstudents__4__wereseekinganaturalwaterfilter—onethatwouldhelpcommunitiesindevelopingcountriesthatdonothave__5__(accessible)tomodernwaterfiltersystems.The__6__(research),ledbyProfessorRohitKarnik,decidedtoturntotreesforhelpbecausetheycouldallowliquidtoflowthrough,whileblockingoutairbubbles.Theybeganbycutting1.5－inch－widesectionsoftreebarkfromthebranchesofawhitepinetree.Thepeoplerelatedthentestedthewood'sfilteringabilityby__7__(pour)watercontainingreddyeparticlesofdifferentsizesthrough.Totheir__8__(amaze),theyfoundthatitwaseffectiveintrappingallthearticles.__9__(encourage),theteamconducted__10__experiment,thistimewithwaterthatcontainedbacteria.Sureenough,thesapwoodheldback99%ofthebacteria,allowingonly1%toflowthrough.1．3篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。树木对人类至关重要，本文经过两个实考证了然树木除了可以供给食品、木材、氧气等作用外，还可以隔绝细菌。1．that考察同位语从句的连结词。第1空后的内容解说说明名词truth的内容，所以设空处指引同位语从句，只起连结作用，不作成分。故填that。2．Importantly考察词性变换。此处表示“最重要的是”，应用副词形式，组成固定短语mostimportantly，故填importantly。3．wasmade考察动词的时态和语态。剖析句子构造可知，此处动词在句中作谓语。根据全文主体时态为一般过去时可知，该句也应用一般过去时；make与discovery之间为动宾关系，故应用被动语态。4．who/that考察定语从句的指引词。设空处指引定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是scientistsandhighschoolstudents，指人，故用who或that指引。5．access考察词性变换。haveaccessto为固定短语，意为“有使用的时机”。6．researchers考察词性变换及名词的数。依据本句中的decidedto可知，设空处应填名词作句子主语，指“研究人员”，且由从句中的they可知，故应用复数形式researchers。7．pouring考察非谓语动词。提示词为动词pour，空前为介词by，后来应用动名词。故填pouring。8．amazement考察固定用法。“toone's＋名词”为固定用法，意为“令某人的是”，故填amazement。9．Encouraged考察非谓语动词。encourage与主语theteam之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词形式，在句中作原由状语。10．another考察限制词。依据第10空后的内容可知，这个小组又做了此外一个实验，故填another，意为“另一个”。***完形填空。Fallingoffaboxcarandlandingonmyhead，IlostmysightwhenIwasfourwouldbewonderfultoseeagain，__2__atragedycandostrangethingstopeople.It__3__tomethatImightnothavecometolovelifeasIdonowifIhadn'tbeenblind.Myparentsandmyteachersawsomething__4__me，andtheymademewantto__5__againstblindness.Thehardest__6__Ihadtolearnwastobelieveinmyself.IfIhadn'tbeenabletodothat，Iwouldhave__7__downfortherestofmylife.WhenIsay__8__inmyselfIamnottalkingabout__9__thekindofself-confidencethat__10__medownan4unfamiliarstaircase(楼梯)alone.ButImeansomethingbiggerthanthat：theassurancethatIamarealpositiveperson__11__imperfections.mangavemeanindoor__14__.“Ican'tusethis，”Isaid.“Takeitwithyou，”he__15__me，“androllitaround.”The__16__stuckinmyhead.“Rollitaround！”ByrollingtheballIcouldhearwhereitwent.ThisgavemeanideahowtoachieveagoalIhadthought__17__.AttheSchoolfortheBlindI__18__anewkindofbaseballcalledthe“groundball”．AllmylifeIhavesetaseriesofgoalsandthentriedtoreachthem，oneatatime.Ihadtolearnmy__19__.IwouldfailsometimesanywaybutontheaverageImade__20__.1．A.randomlyB．abruptlyC．roughlyD．completely2．A.soB．butC．thusD．and3．A.occurredB．referredC．broughtD．turned4．A.ofB．forC．toD．in5．A.getB．fightC．findD．drop6．A.methodB．experienceC．lessonD．manner7．A.brokenB．putC．settledD．lay8．A.courageB．ambitionC．beliefD．power9．A.firmlyB．simplyC．fairlyD．slightly10．A.stopsB．helpsC．findsD．gives11．A.despiteB．besidesC．withoutD．unlike12．A.descriptionB．existenceC．accusationD．recognition513．A.intelligenceB．incidentC．troubleD．determination14．A.chairB．baseballC．gameD．design15．A.urgedB．blamedC．greetedD．teased16．A.goalsB．wordsC．imagesD．ideas17．A.valuableB．reasonableC．impossibleD．unbearable18．A.discoveredB．equippedC．formedD．invented19．A.limitationsB．advantagesC．puzzlesD．personalities20．A.senseB．progressC．mistakesD．decisions【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要叙述了“我”在四岁的时候失掉了视力，但经过一件小事，“我”学会了自信，并渐渐获得进步的过程。【核心词汇】tragedy惨剧imperfection弊端ontheaverage一般来说roughly大略地1．C考察副词。“我”四岁时失掉视力，此刻已经三十二岁了。由此可推知，此处表示“我”大略地记得，应选C。roughly“大略地，大概上”。2．B考察连词。依据语境可知，上下文之间是转折关系，应选B。3．A考察动词。“我”想到假如“我”没有失明“我”可能不会像此刻这样热爱生活。Itoccurstosb.that...为固定句型，意为“某人想到”。4．D考察介词。“我”父亲母亲以及老师看到了“我”内在的一些东西，他们让“我”想要与失明作斗争。依据语境可知，此处应选D。5．B考察动词。拜见上题分析。fightagainst...“与作斗争”。6．C考察名词。“我”学到的最困难的一课(lesson)就是要相信“我”自己。7．A考察动词。假如“我”做不到那样的话，“我”可能已经精神崩溃了。breakdown“(在健康或精神等方面)垮掉”。8．C考察名词。依据上文中的“tobelieveinmyself”可知，此处应选C项与上文相照顾。9．B考察副词。“我”说的信心其实不只是(simply)指帮助(helps)“我”走下陌生楼6梯的自信。10．B考察动词。拜见上题分析。11．A考察介词。只管“我”是一个不完满的人，可是“我”是一个踊跃的人。despite“只管”，切合语境。12．D考察名词。“我”花了好多年才认识到这一点。A项意为“描绘”；B项意为“存在”；C项意为“指控”；D项意为“认识”。13．B考察名词。这从一件小事开始。A项意为“智慧”；B项意为“小事”；C项意为“麻烦”；D项意为“信心”。14．B考察名词。依据下文中的“anewkindofbaseball”可知，此处指棒球。15．A考察动词。依据语境可知，此处指他向来在督促“我”。urge“激烈要求，敦促”。16．B考察名词。他所说的话(words)印在“我”的脑海中，应选B。17．C考察形容词。这给了“我”一个怎样实现”我”以为不行能(impossible)的目标的想法。A项意为“有价值的”；B项意为“合情理的”；C项意为“不行能的”；D项意为“没法容忍的”。18．D考察动词。在盲人学校“我”发明(invented)了一种新的被称之为“地滚球”的棒球。A项意为“发现”；B项意为“装备”；C项意为“形成”；D项意为“发明”。19．A考察名词。“我”不得不认识自己的不足之处。limitation“(某人或某物的)局限性，不足之处”。20．B考察名词。“我”有时会失败，但一般说来“我”获得了进步。makeprogress“获得进展”。短文改错。Thisismyfifthdayatthesummercamp.Lifeisn'texactwhatIexpected.WehavetogetupearlytomakeourbedsbeforeourteacherMissLicometoinspect.Afterbreakfast,wehavesomeoffreetime.YesterdaymorningIwentfishing,buttheonlythingIcatchwasatreebranch.Intheafternoon,therearedifferentactivitylikehorsebackridingandhiking.They'refun,sonothingnewforme.Intheevening,everyoneisassi